Tiêu chuẩn iso 01701 1 2004

Microsoft Word C037682e doc Reference number ISO 1701 1 2004(E) © ISO 2004 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1701 1 First edition 2004 08 15 Test conditions for milling machines with table of variable height[.]

Terminology and designation of axes

See Figures 1 and 2 and Tables 1 and 2

Copyright International Organization for Standardization

Figure 1 — Milling machine with table of variable height, with fixed horizontal spindle

1 Base-plate with tray Socle Основание

4 Knee slideways Glissières de la console Направляющие консоли

6 Saddle slideways Glissières du mouvement transversal de la table Направляющие салазок

7 Table Table porte-pièce Стол

8 Table slideways Glissières du mouvement longitudinal de la table Направляющие стола

9 Table surface Surface utile de la table Рабочая поверхность стола

10 Vertical feed-screw Vis verticale Винт вертикального перемещения

11 Spindle nose Nez de broche Передний конец шпинделя

13 Overarm slideways Glissière du bras-support Направляющая хобота

14 Front arbor support Lunette avant Передняя серьга

15 Rear arbor support Lunette arrière Задняя серьга

16 Arbor Arbre porte-fraise Оправка

This section of ISO 1701 provides equivalent terminology in German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch, and Swedish, in addition to the official ISO languages of English, French, and Russian These translations are published under the responsibility of the respective national member committees: DIN for Germany, AENOR for Spain, UNI for Italy, NEN for the Netherlands, and Swedish standards organization for Sweden.

(SIS) However, only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions.

Figure 2 — Milling machine with table of variable height, with a movable head, with horizontal or vertical spindle

1 Base-plate with tray Socle Основание

4 Knee slideways Glissières de la console Направляющие консоли

6 Saddle slideways Glissières du mouvement transversal de la table Направляющие салазок

7 Table Table porte-pièce Стол

8 Table slideways Glissières du mouvement longitudinal de la table Направляющие стола

9 Table surface Surface utile de la table Рабочая поверхность стола

10 Vertical feed-screw Vis verticale Винт вертикального перемещения

11 Vertical spindle nose Nez de broche verticale Конец вертикального шпинделя

12 Horizontal spindle nose Nez de broche horizontale Конец горизонтального шпинделя

13 Horizontal milling attachment Dispositif de fraisage horizontal Ползун

14 Movable head Tête amovible Поворотная головка

This section of ISO 1701 provides equivalent terms in German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch, and Swedish in Annex B, complementing the official ISO languages—English, French, and Russian These translations are published under the responsibility of national committees: DIN for Germany, AENOR for Spain, UNI for Italy, NEN for the Netherlands, and SIS for Sweden However, only terms and definitions provided in the official languages are recognized as official ISO terms and definitions, ensuring consistency and accuracy across international standards.

Milling operations

Milling is a machining operation, which consists of removing material by means of a rotary tool called a “milling cutter” of which there are several different types

The usual operations of milling can be divided into three categories:

 slab milling operations (see Figure 3);

 face milling operations (see Figure 4);

 end milling operations (see Figure 5)

Figure 3 — Slab milling operation Figure 4 — Face milling operation

Description of machines

In milling machines with table of variable height with horizontal spindle, the base-plate is rigidly fixed to the column (see Figures 1 and 2)

In this type of machine, the cutting movement is given by the spindle, the axis of which is horizontal

The feed movements are as follows: a) Milling machine with horizontal spindle (see Figure 1)

 The X axis of motion constitutes the longitudinal movement of the table

 The Y axis of motion constitutes the vertical movement of the table

The Z axis of motion runs parallel to the spindle axis, enabling the transverse movement of the table for precise machining tasks Additionally, milling machines can feature a movable head with either a horizontal or vertical spindle axis, providing versatility for different machining operations.

 The X axis of motion constitutes the longitudinal movement of the table

 The Y axis of motion constitutes the transverse movement of the table

 The Z axis of motion constitutes the vertical movement of the table

NOTE All these feed movements may be carried out by a rapid traverse of the element in question

Measuring units

In ISO 1701, all linear dimensions, deviations, and tolerances are specified in millimeters, ensuring precise measurement standards Angular dimensions are expressed in degrees, with angular deviations and tolerances typically presented as ratios; however, microradians or arcseconds may be used in certain cases for clarity It is essential to remember that the different expressions for dimensions and deviations are equivalent and interchangeable within the standard.

Testing sequence

The sequence of tests outlined in ISO 1701 does not specify a mandatory order for conducting them To facilitate easier installation of instruments or gauges, tests can be performed in any sequence, providing flexibility in the testing process.

Tests to be performed

When testing a machine, it is not always necessary or possible to perform all tests outlined in ISO 1701 For acceptance testing, the user and manufacturer should agree on specific tests relevant to the machine’s components and properties, which must be clearly specified when placing an order Merely referencing ISO 1701 for acceptance tests without identifying specific tests or agreeing on the associated costs is not binding for either party.

Measuring instruments

The measuring instruments referenced in Clauses 5 and 6 are examples; other devices capable of measuring the same quantities with equal or greater accuracy can be used Dial gauges should have a resolution of 0.001 mm or better to ensure precise measurement accuracy.

Machining tests

Machining tests shall be made with finishing cuts only, not with roughing cuts which are liable to generate appreciable cutting forces.

Minimum tolerance

When establishing the tolerance for a geometric test on a measuring length different from that specified in ISO 1701 (refer to 2.311 of ISO 230-1:1996), it is important to note that the minimum permissible tolerance value is 0.005 mm.

Axes of motion

Assessing the straightness of the knee's vertical movement along the Y axis involves verifying its accuracy in the vertical plane of symmetry (YZ plane) and the perpendicular plane (XY plane) Ensuring precise vertical motion in these planes is crucial for optimal machine performance and accuracy Regular checks of the knee's straightness in both the YZ and XY planes help maintain alignment and prevent machining errors This process is essential for quality control and maintaining the integrity of vertical movements within the machine.

For a) and b) 0,02 for any measuring length of 300

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 5.232.11

Instead of a straightedge, use the vertical arm of the square

Adjust the square to obtain similar readings at both ends of its measuring length so that straightness deviation can be calculated as the maximum difference of dial gauge readings

Table in central position: a) saddle (Z axis) locked; b) table (X axis) locked

For accurate measurements, the dial gauge should be mounted on the spindle if it can be locked; this ensures stability during inspection However, if the spindle cannot be locked, the dial gauge must be positioned on a fixed part of the machine to maintain measurement precision Proper placement of the dial gauge is essential for reliable and accurate machine tool inspection.

Checking of squareness between the transverse cross-slide movement (Z axis) and the longitudinal table movement (X axis)

Straightedge, dial gauge and square

To ensure accurate measurement, the knee (Y axis) must be locked securely Begin by setting the straightedge parallel to the table's longitudinal movement (X axis), then position a square against the straightedge and lock the table in the central position This test can also be performed without the straightedge by aligning the long arm of the square parallel to the X axis Subsequently, verify the saddle movement (Z axis) to ensure proper functionality and precision of the machine.

When the spindle can be locked, the dial gauge can be mounted directly on it for accurate measurements However, if the spindle cannot be locked, the dial gauge should be positioned on a fixed part of the machine to ensure precise readings Proper placement of the dial gauge is essential for reliable measurement accuracy.

The angular deviation of the table during its longitudinal movement (X axis) is evaluated by checking two key aspects: first, the roll (EAX) in the vertical YZ plane, which is perpendicular to the table's movement, and second, the pitch (ECX) in the vertical XY plane, which is parallel to the table's movement.

Tolerance a) 0,04/1 000 (or 40 àrad or 8") b) X u 1 000 0,08/1 000 (or 80 àrad or 16")

These tests should only be performed when the knee (Y axis) is clamped on the column

The level shall be placed in the centre of the table: a) transversely; b) longitudinally

Measurements are taken at several positions, moving the table by 200 mm or 250 mm steps

When the X-axis motion results in an angular movement of both the spindle head and the work-holding table, it is essential to perform differential measurements of these two angular movements These measurements should be accurately recorded and clearly documented to ensure precise analysis of the system's motion behavior Proper differential measurement procedures help identify any discrepancies between the spindle head and table movements, improving overall machine accuracy and performance.

The reference level shall be located on the column

The difference between the maximum and minimum readings (excluding the above angular contribution) of both directions of movement shall not exceed the tolerance

Table

Checking of flatness of the table surface

0,04 for a measuring length up to 1 000, concave only For each 1 000 mm increase in table length, add 0,005

Local tolerance: 0,02 for any measuring length of 300

Precision level or straightedge and gauge blocks

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 5.322 and 5.323

Table (X axis) and saddle (Z axis) in central position, table not locked, knee and saddle locked

NOTE The alphabetical references on the diagram correspond to those used in Figure 41 of ISO 230-1:1996

Checking of parallelism between the table surface and a) the saddle movement (Z axis), in the vertical YZ plane; b) its longitudinal movement (X axis), in the vertical XY plane

For a) and b) 0,025 for any measuring length of 300 Maximum tolerance: 0,05

The stylus of the dial gauge shall be placed at approximately the working position of the tool

The measurement may be made on a straightedge laid parallel to the table surface

If the table length is greater than 1 600 mm, carry out the inspection by successive movements of the straightedge

Knee (Y axis) locked: a) table (X axis) locked; b) saddle (Z axis) locked

For accurate measurements, if the spindle can be securely locked, a dial gauge should be mounted directly on it However, if the spindle cannot be locked, the dial gauge must be positioned on a stable, fixed part of the machine to ensure precise readings Proper placement of the dial gauge is essential for consistent measurement results.

Ensure the squareness between the table surface and the vertical movement along the Y axis by conducting checks at three key positions: the midpoint and near the travel extremities These assessments should be performed in two critical planes—first, in the vertical plane of symmetry (YZ plane), and second, in the plane perpendicular to it (XY plane)—to verify precise alignment and optimal machine accuracy.

Tolerance a) 0,025 for a measuring length of 300 with α u 90° b) 0,025 for a measuring length of 300

Table in central position, knee (Y axis) locked when taking measurements: a) saddle (Z axis) locked; b) table (X axis) locked

When measuring with a dial gauge, ensure the spindle can be locked; if so, mount the dial gauge directly on the spindle for accurate readings If the spindle cannot be locked, position the dial gauge on a stable, fixed part of the machine to maintain measurement precision Proper mounting of the dial gauge based on spindle lock capability is essential for reliable and accurate measurement results.

Checking of straightness of the median or reference T-slot of the table

0,01 for any measuring length of 300 Maximum tolerance: 0,03

Straightedge and dial gauge or gauge blocks, or taut wire and microscope, or autocollimator

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 5.212, 5.212.1 and 5.212.23

The straightedge may be placed directly on the table

Checking of parallelism between the median or reference T-slot and the longitudinal movement of the table

0,015 for a measuring length of 300 Maximum tolerance: 0,04

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 5.422.1 and 5.422.21

Saddle (Z axis) and knee (Y axis) locked

For accurate measurements, ensure the spindle can be locked before mounting the dial gauge directly on it If the spindle cannot be locked, position the dial gauge securely on a fixed part of the machine Proper placement of the dial gauge is essential for precise readings during measurement procedures.

Spindle

Ensure precise measurement of the spindle nose by checking the run-out of the external centering surface on the spindle nose for machines equipped with this feature Regularly verify the periodic axial slip to maintain optimal machine accuracy Additionally, inspect the camming of the spindle nose face, including periodic axial slip, to ensure proper function and prevent potential issues.

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 a) 5.612.2 b) 5.622.1 and 5.622.2

A force F, specified by the supplier/manufacturer of the machine, can be exerted by pressing toward the housing for tests b) and c) c) 5.632

The distance A of the dial gauge c) from the spindle axis shall be as large as possible

Checking of the run-out of the internal taper of the spindle: a) at the spindle nose; b) at a distance of 300 mm from the spindle nose

Dial gauge and test mandrel

Checking of parallelism between the spindle axis and the table surface

0,025 for a measuring length of 300 (free end of the test mandrel inclined downwards)

Table (X axis) and saddle (Z axis) not locked, knee (Y axis) locked

To ensure accurate measurement, take readings at the mean position of rotation First, measure at the spindle’s initial position, then rotate the spindle 180° with the mandrel and repeat the measurement Calculate the mean value of the two measurements for reliable results, following proper measurement procedures for precision.

Checking of parallelism between the spindle axis and the transverse movement of the table (saddle movement) (Z axis): a) in the vertical YZ plane; b) in the horizontal ZX plane

Tolerance a) 0,025 for a measuring length of 300 (free end of the test mandrel inclined downwards) b) 0,025 for a measuring length of 300

Table (X axis) in central position

To ensure accurate measurement, take readings at the mean position of rotation First, measure at a specific spindle rotation position, then rotate the spindle with the mandrel by 180°, and perform the measurement again Calculate the average of the two readings to obtain the final value, ensuring consistency and precision in the measurement process.

Checking of squareness between the spindle axis and the median or reference T-slot of the table

0,02/300 a a 300 is the distance between the two measuring points touched.

Table (X axis) in central position

Table (X axis), saddle (Z axis) and knee (Y axis) locked

Arbor support

Checking of parallelism between the arbor support guide on the overarm(s) and the spindle axis: a) in the vertical YZ plane; b) in the horizontal ZX plane

Tolerance a) 0,02 for a measuring length of 300 (overarm inclined downwards) b) 0,02 for a measuring length of 300

Dial gauge and possibly precision level with special fixture

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 5.412.5 or 5.412.3 and 5.412.1 Overarm(s) locked

Ensure the parallelism between the arbor support guide on the overarm(s) and the transverse movement of the table (saddle movement) along the Z axis This should be verified in both the vertical YZ plane and the horizontal ZX plane to maintain machining accuracy and equipment performance Proper alignment in these planes is essential for optimal operation and precision Regular checks of these parallelism parameters help prevent machining errors and prolong the lifespan of the machine.

Tolerance a) 0,02 for a measuring length of 300 (overarm inclined downwards) b) 0,02 for a measuring length of 300

Checking of coincidence of the axis of the bore of the arbor support with the spindle axis: a) in the vertical YZ plane; b) in the horizontal ZX plane

Tolerance a) 0,03 (axis of the bore of the arbor support lower than the spindle axis) b) 0,03

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 5.442

Arbor support located 300 mm away from the spindle nose

Overarm locked and arbor support not connected to the knee

The measurement shall be made

1) in the case of the first method, as close as possible to the arbor support;

2) in the case of the alternative, close to the middle of the arbor support bore

The reading on the dial gauge shall be divided by 2 to be compared with the tolerance

Ensure the alignment of the arbor support bore axis with the spindle axis to guarantee optimal machine accuracy Check for parallelism between the supported arbor and the transverse movement of the table (saddle movement) along the Z axis This involves verifying the bore axis in the vertical YZ plane and the horizontal ZX plane, ensuring precise spindle stability and minimizing machining errors Proper calibration of these axes enhances overall machine performance and ensures high-quality machining results.

Tolerance a) 0,04 for a measuring length of 300 (mandrel inclined downwards on the bore end of the arbor support) b) 0,03 for a measuring length of 300

According to ISO 230-1:1996, section 5.442, the end of the mandrel or cutter arbor must be securely held by the arbor support to ensure stability during operation Additionally, the arbor support should be positioned midway along the length of the mandrel or cutter arbor for optimal balance and safety These guidelines are crucial for proper tooling setup and maintaining machining accuracy.

The reading on the dial gauge shall not be divided by 2

Object M1 a) Milling of surface B by automatic longitudinal movement of the table and manual vertical movement of the knee, in two cuts overlapping by about 5 mm to

10 mm b) Milling of surfaces A, C and D by automatic longitudinal movement of the table, automatic vertical movement of the knee and manual transverse movement of the saddle

L represents the length of the test specimen or the distance between the opposite faces of two test specimens, equating to half of the longitudinal travel The parameter l is equal to h and corresponds to one-eighth of the longitudinal travel For maximum l (l max.), the values are specified as follows: 100 mm when L is up to 500 mm, 150 mm for L between 500 mm and 1,000 mm, and 200 mm when L exceeds 1,000 mm; the minimum l (l min.) is set at 50 mm.

NOTE 1 Longitudinal travels of W 400 mm; one or two test pieces, machined in the longitudinal direction over a length l at each end, can be used

NOTE 2 Longitudinal travels of < 400 mm; one test piece, machined over its entire length, shall be used.

The surface B of each block must be flat within a tolerance of 0.02 mm to ensure proper conformity The planes containing surfaces A, C, and D should be mutually perpendicular and each perpendicular to surface B, with a tolerance of 0.02/100 mm for precise alignment Additionally, the height H of the blocks must remain consistent within a 0.03 mm tolerance, ensuring uniformity and quality in manufacturing.

Measuring instruments a) Straightedge and gauge blocks or amplifier b 1 ) Square and gauge blocks b 2 ) Micrometer callipers

Observations and references to ISO 230-1:1996 4.1 and 4.2

Cutting conditions: a) with a shell-end mill; b) slab milling with the same cutter

Before beginning the test, surface E shall be flat

Test pieces shall be placed along the longitudinal axis of the table so that the length L is equally distributed on either side of the table centre

Subject to user-supplier or manufacturer agreement, the test piece form shown in the diagram may be replaced with a simpler full-width sided test piece, ensuring that tests performed on this alternative are at least as stringent as those on the original design.

The cutter should be sharpened on its arbor and, when mounted, should conform to the following tolerances:

All non-operating slides shall be locked during cutting

Equivalent terms in German, Italian, Dutch, Spanish and Swedish, corresponding to Figure 1

Designation Key German Spanish Italian Dutch Swedish

Base Basamento Grondplaat met bak Fot med trồg

2 Stọnder Columna Montante Staander Pelare

3 Konsole Consola Mensola Hoektafel Knọ

4 Konsolenführung Guías de la consola

Carro transversal Slitta trasversale Dwarsslede (Z-as) Tvọrslid

6 Querschlittenführung Guías del movimiento transversal de la mesa

(X-Achse) Mesa porta-pieza Tavola Tafel (of langsslede)

Guías del movimiento longitudinal de la mesa

Guide della tavola Leibanen van de langsslede

9 Aufspannflọche Superficie ỳtil de la mesa

Piano della tavola Opspanoppervlak van de tafel

Tornillo del movimiento vertical de la consola

Vite della mensola Verticale voedingsspil (Y-as)

11 Spindelnase Extremo del husillo Naso del mandrino Spilneus Spindelnos

12 Gegenhalter Brazo-soporte Slittone Steunarm Bom

13 Gegenhalterführung Guías del brazo-soporte

Guide dello slittone Geleiding van de steunarm

Luneta delantera Sopporto principale Voorste freesspilsteun

15 Hinteres Gegenhalterlager Luneta trasera Sopporto intermedio Achterste freesspilsteun Bakre dornstửd

16 Frọserdorn Eje porta-fresas Albero portafrese Freesdoorn Frọsdorn

Equivalent terms in German, Italian, Dutch, Spanish and Swedish, corresponding to Figure 2

Designation Key German Spanish Italian Dutch Swedish

Base Basamento Grondplaat met bak Fot med trồg

2 Stọnder Columna Montante Staander Pelare

3 Konsole Consola Mensola Hoektafel Knọ

4 Konsolenführung Guías de la consola Guide della mensola Leibanen van de hoektafel

Carro transversal Slitta trasversale Dwarsslede (Y-as) Tvọrslid

Guías del movimiento transversal de la mesa

(X-Achse) Mesa porta-pieza Tavola Tafel (of langsslede)

Guías del movimiento longitudinal de la mesa

Guide della tavola Leibanen van de langsslede

9 Aufspannflọche Superficie ỳtil de la mesa

Piano della tavola Opspanoppervlak van de tafel

Tornillo del movimiento vertical de la consola

Vite della mensola Verticale voedingsspil (Y-as)

13 Gegenhalter Brazo-soporte para el fresado horizontal

Slittone Steunarm voor horizontal frezen

Frọskopf Cabezal Testa universale accessoria Beweegbare spilkop Rửrlig spindeldocka

[1] ISO 841:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration — Numerical control of machines — Coordinate system and motion nomenclature

[2] ISO 1701-2, Test conditions for milling machines with table of variable height — Testing of the accuracy — Part 2: Machines with vertical spindle

[3] ISO 1984-1, Test conditions for manually controlled milling machines with table of fixed height — Testing of the accuracy — Part 1: Machines with horizontal spindle

[4] ISO 1984-2, Test conditions for manually controlled milling machines with table of fixed height — Testing of the accuracy — Part 2: Machines with vertical spindle

Tiêu đề	Test Conditions For Milling Machines With Table Of Variable Height — Testing Of The Accuracy — Part 1: Machines With Horizontal Spindle
Trường học	International Organization for Standardization
Chuyên ngành	Standardization
Thể loại	tiêu chuẩn
Năm xuất bản	2004
Thành phố	Geneva

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Số trang	32
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