Cong ty CO phan Khi cu dien I khong che tao ra cac san i^ham tieu thu dien nang, cac san pham ciia Cong ty chu yeu la thiet bi dong cat va thiet bi ho trg trong chieu sang.. Nhan thirc d
Trang 1i
B O CONG THU'ONG
TONG CONG TY TB DIBN VIETNAM
CONG TY CP Kill CU DIEN I
CONG HOA XA H O I CHU NGHIA VIET NAM
Doc lap - Tu do - Hanh phuc
San tdy ngdy 03 tJiang 11 ndm2009
BAO CAO THUYET MINH
DE TAX I<HOA HOC VA CONG NGHE CAP BO
X ,
Nghien cuu, thiet ke va hoan thien thiet bj, cong nghe che tao Balat 2 cap cong suat 150 W/100 W, Bo chuyen doi cong suSt
va Bo khoi dgng dCing cho den Natri cao ap
Chii nhiem de tai:
Co" quan thu-c hien dc tai:
Co' quan chii quan de tai:
Nguyen Luong Tung - Ky sir co khi Cong ty Co phan Khi cu dien 1
Trang 2MUC LUC
Trang
Ldi noi ddu 5 Phdn 1 Nguyen ly hoat dong den HPS 2 cap cong suat 9
Phdn 11 Thiet ke che tao Balat 2 cAp cong suSt 150 W/lOO W - 220 V 13
II 1 Trien khai thiet ke ^ ^
II 1.1 Cac chiing loai balat cho den phong dien cuang do cao 13
II 1.2 Ca sa thiet ke, tinh toan balat sat tircho den Natri cao ap ' 14
1 Ca sa ly thuyet 14
2 Thong so, cong thiic tinh caban 14
II.1.3 Tinh toan thiet kg 17
A Tinh toan sa bo ' 17
B Tinh toan kiem tra ' 19
II.1.4 Thia kl chi tilt chi tao 26
II.2 Trien khai thiet ke va che tao khuon mau 29
11.2.1 Khuon ep cac chi tiet nliua 29
11.2.2 Khuon dap cat dot cac chi tiet kim loai 30
Phdn 111 Thiet ke bo chuyen doi cong suat 32
111.1 Phan tich nguyen ly hoat dong lira chon phuang an thiet ke 32
111.2 Thiet ke ra le thai gian 2 miic 4h - 5h theo phuong an tao dao dong diing dien
tra va tu dien (R-C) 32
111.2.1 Lira chgn linh kien chinh 32
111.2.2 Cac chi tieu thiet kl 33
111.2.3 Sa do mach dien ra le thai gian 2 che do 4h - 5h 33
111.2.4 Lua chon linh kien phu 33
111.3 Xay dung quy trinh cong nghe 41
III.4 Trien khai thiet ke va che tao khuon nhua 42
Phdn IV Thiet ke bo khoi dong :.43
IV.1 Tong quan ve bo khai dong den (IGNITOR) 43
IV.2 Phan tich nguyen ly hoat dong, lira chon phuang an thiet ke 43
IV.3 Tinh toan lira chpn cac gia trj linh kien 45
IV.4 Thiet ke mach in va vo 48
Trang 3IV.5 Xay dung quy trinh cong nghe 50
IV.6 Trien khai thiet ke va che tao khuon nhua 50
PJu'm V: Gia cong chi tiet va 15p rap 51
V.l Gia cong chi tiet 51
V.1.1 Gia cong chi tiet nhua 51
V.1.2 Gia cong chi tiet kim loai 54
V.2 Lap rap 55 V.2.1 Lap rap balat 55 V.2.2 Lap rap bo chuyen doi cong suit 58
V.2.3 Lap rap bo khai dong 59
Phdn VI: Thii'nghiem va hieu chinh 60
VI.1 Balat 2 cap cong suat 60
VI.2 Bo chuyen doi cong suat 61
VI.3 Bo khai dong 64
Phdn VII: Ket qua dat duo'c 65
VII.l Hinh dang ngoai quan 65
VII.2 Chat lugng san pham 66
Phdn VIII: Phu luc 67
Trang 4LOINOIDAU
The giai ciia chiing ta hien nay dang bi 6 nhiem, tai nguyen thien nhien dang bi khai thac den can kiet, sii dung nang lugng qua miic gay hieu ung nha kinh dang lam trai dat nong dan len gay ra muc nuoc bien dang cao va bien doi Idiac thuong ve ki^i • dan den tham hoa thien nhien va moi truang Lien hgp quoc ciing cac quoc gia thanh vien da va dang dua ra nhiing chuang trinh cu the nham cim van tinh hinh tren Mot trong nhUng chuong trinh do la chuang trinh tiet kiem nang lugng toan cau Nhieu giai phap thiet thuc da dugc dua ra, trong do la tao san pham cong nghiep cung nhu dan dung tieu hao it nhien lieu va nang lugng hon
Cong ty CO phan Khi cu dien I khong che tao ra cac san i^ham tieu thu dien nang, cac san pham ciia Cong ty chu yeu la thiet bi dong cat va thiet bi ho trg trong chieu sang Mac dii vay cac san pham tren ciia Cong ty quyet dinli dang ke den hieu suat sir dung thiet bi tieu thu nang lugng Ban than san pham ciia Conj.' ty trong qua trinh tham gia hoat dong ciing tieu thu mot lugng nang lugng rieng nho Nhan thirc dugc tam quan trong tren, trong tinh toan thiet ke va che tao Cong ty ciing chu trong den nhung bien phap de tang hieu qua ciia thiet bi tieu thu dien, dong thoi giam thieu toi da mirc tieu thu rieng Trong cac san pham cua Cong ty, dac biet la cac loai Balat cho den huynh quang, balat cho den Natri cao ap Cong ty de cao den hieu qua ciia tiet kiem nang lugng Nam 2007 Cong ty don nhan 02 san pham dugc dc.n nhan tiet kiem dien do Bo Cong Thuong trao;
1 Balat sat tir 40 W/220 V dimg cho den TIO & T8
2 Balat sat tir 20 W/220 V diing cho denTlO & T8
Tiep tuc cong viec phan khai do, Cong ty VINAKIP trien khai bo dieu khien 2 muc cho den Natri cao ap (HPS) trong chieu sang cong cong hieu suat cao
Hien trang viec sir dung den Natri cao ap tai cac do ihi ciia nuoc ta hien nay:
He thong chieu sang cong cong tai cac do thi hien nay phan Ion da dugc thay the tir den thuy ngan cao ap sang den Natri cao ap mot mirc cong suat Thai gian chieu sang thong thuang la 11 gia moi dem Trong thai gian tir 0 gia den 6 gia sang hom sau cong suat den tang tir 108 %P den 110 %P do dien ap tang cao hon dinh mirc lam tang dang
ke cong suat ciia bong den trong khi do nhu cau chieu sang lai giam De giai quyet tinh trang nay nganh chieu sang cong cong dua ra nhieu giai p'aap thiet thuc nliam giam bat mirc tieu thu dien:
Trang 5* Cat bat chieu sang : Sir dung che do chieu sang ngat quang (diing 1 den va cat
bo 1 den) Bien phap nay de thuc thi, tiet kiem 50% nang lugng chieu sang, song co nhieu bat cap: Mat do chieu sang khong deu, khong dam bao an toan giao thong va an ninh duang pho
* Giam bat dien ap sau giof cao diem: Sau giof cao diem dien ap chieu sang thuang bang hoac qua dien ap dinh miic (> 220 V) Nguai ta diing thiet bi dieu chinh dien ap dua dien luai bang hoac lan hon 92% dien ap dinh miic chiit it va khong nhn hon dien ap khai dgng ciia den (>202,4 V) Vai giai phap nay co the tiet kiem dugc den
20 % lugng dien tieu thu Nhugc diem la dau tu ton kem, va can phai bao dudng them
thilt bi
* Sir dung he thong chieu sang trung tam: Sir dung trung tam dieu khien he thong chieu sang bang he thong mang : He thong nay rat hien dai, doi hoi cong nghe cao, dau tu Ion He thong cung cap anh sang theo thai gian, thai tiet va theo miia He thing dieu khien anh sang lien tuc theo timg gia nhu cau va theo tirng kliu vuc De quan
ly theo each thiic hien dai, khi dua trung tam vao hoat dong, he thong se tu dong dieu chinh dien ap cho timg bong den tren khap dia ban Dieu do vira co tac dung giam dien nang tieu thu cho he thong chieu sang cong cong, vira tang tuoi tho cho timg bong den, giiip tilt kiem diu tu thay the bong Mat khac, trung tam cung se thong ke, luu tru: dac diem chi tiet cua tirng thiet bj, timg bong den, qua do giiip chiing ta nam dugc ly lich timg den de quan ly va thay the cac vat tu, thiet bi het thai han sir dung, giup tang hieu qua quan ly
* Sir dung bo dieu khien 2 cap cong suat, day la giai phap cue bo, moi mot den sau 11 hoac 12 gia dem, tu giam cong suat nha co balat 2 cap cong suat va bo chuyen dii cong suit Bo dieu khien 2 cap cong suat cung giong nliu dieu khien 1 cap, thay the ballat 1 cip cong suit bing balat 2 cap vai bo chuyen doi cong suat tu dong dat gia Phuang an nay dan gian de lip dat, dau tu khong ton kem, khong can dong bg, hieu qua
tilt kiem cao giam 30 % den 40 % dien tieu thu khi chuyen doi cong suat Hien nay c6
nhilu nuac trien khai chS tao va sir dung balat 2 cap vai mirc cong suat 150 W/100 W,
250 W/150 W va 400 W/250 W
Trang 6Tinh uu vi^t khi sv dung bo Balat hai cap cong suat:
1 Tiet kiem dien nang tieu thu
* 6 h sau cong suat tang tir
108 %P - 110 %P do dien ap luai dien tang cao han dien ap
; (tir Oh den 6h sang)
Cong suat dac trung tieu thu cua moi dem
ig ciia balat mot cap cong suat Tir do thi hinh 1 ta c6 the tinh cong suat tieu thu cua den 150W:
Vai 5 h chieu sang dau tien, tong cong suat sir dung ciia balat 150 W la:
T ( g 9h 24h _ 6h
io-)
Hinh 2: Bieu dd tieu thu dien nang cua balat hai cap cong suit
Trang 7Tir do thi Hinh 2 ta thay, viing vach mau do ( ) bieu thi cong suat sur dung chieu sang, ciing nhu viing hoat dgng ciia balat 1 cap cong suat 150 W thong thuang Viing vach mau xanh ( ) bieu thi cong suat tiet kiem dugc khi su dung balat 2 cap cong suat 150 W/100 W Vai balat 2 cap cong suat, tong cong suit su dung cho chieu sang trong 1 nam nhu sau:
- Vai 5 h chieu sang dau tien, tong cong suat su dung cua balat 2 muc cong suat
150 W/100 W la: 5 h X 150 W X 92% = 690 W
- Vai 6 h chieu sang tiep theo, tinh nang ciia balat 2 cap cong suit dugc phat huy, khi do t6ng cong suit sii dung la: 6 h x 100 W x 110 % = 660 W
Tong cong suat su dung trong mot nam ciia balat 2 cap cong suat 150 W/100 W la:
(690 W + 660 W) X 365 ngay = 492.75 W = 492,75 kW tilt kiem han so vai loai balat
1 cip cong suit 150 W la: 613,2kW - 492,75 kW = 120,45 kW
2 Cuang do anh sang luon dugc phan bo dong deu
3 Tang cuang tu6i thg cho thiet bi chieu sang (day dan,b6ng den, Balat)
4 Giam 6 nhilm moi truang, phat thai khi de tao ra lugng dien nang tiet kiem dugc
Vdi lai ich cua ba lat 2 cap cong suat, xet ve nang luc che tao tai cong ty Ban lanh dao quyit dinh triin khai thih kk & chi tao ba lat 2 cdp cong sudt 150 W/100 W, tren car sd da chi tao ba lat 1 cdp cong sudt, Bg chuyin ddi cong sudt cung hgrp tdc vdi vien Ndng luffng thuoc vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet nam thiit ki chi tao, Bg khdi dgng se do phong R&D nghien ciru thiit ki vd chi tao tai cdng ty, todn bg cong viec tren dang ky lam di tai cdp Bg ndm 2009
Trong khuon kho dl tai chiing toi xin trinh bay cac hang muc cong viec sau:
Phin 1: Nguyen ly hoat dgng ciia den 2 cap cong suat
Phin 2: Thilt kl chi tao balat 2 cap cong suat
Phin 3: Thilt kl chi tao bg chuyin ddi cong suat
Phin 4: Thilt kl che tao bg khai dgng
Phin 5: Gia cong chi tilt va lap rap
Phin 6: Thu nghiem va hieu chinh
Phin 7: Kit qua dat dugc
Phin 8: Phu luc (Cac van ban, ho sa giay ta kem theo)
Trang 8PHANI NGUYEN LY HOAT DONG CUA DEN HPS 2 CAP CONG SUAT
* Balat 2 cap cong suat ban chat la balat lam viec a che do dinh miic co dau noi
tiep them cugn kliang phu, co the lam viec dugc 2 che do tren cimg 1 bong den
* Bg chuyen doi cho phep dong dien di qua tuang duang vai dong khai dgng Ion nhat cua den, dong se giam dan va on dinh khi tra ve hoat dgng a dinh muc
* Lap them tu bii nham tang he so cong suat
Trang 92 Nguyen ly hoat dong ciia den HPS 150W/220V
Cong suat den lan nhat
Cong suat den nho nhat
Klii chuyen sang cong suat thap, tong tra khang (cuon khang chinh va phu) ciia balat dat dien ap tren den khoang 73V, den lam viec voi cong suat 105W
3 Nguyen ly lam vice ciia bo chuyen doi cong suat
RO LE CHUYEN MACH
BO GIAM AP
VA N A N DONG
Trang 10Bg chuyen doi cong suat ban chat la r a l e hen gia, su dung nguon dien mot chieu
Bg dem thai gian dugc cai dat theo gicr Ih-2h-3h Khi dat dugc thai gian TRIAC khoi dgng kich hoat ra I e lam viec ' ^" " ' " '
Ra le a trang thai khong lam vice mach thuang dong giiip balat hoat dong a mirc cong suat cao Khi co tac dgng ra le dong cong tac thuang ma, luc do balat lam viec a cong suat thap ;
4 Nguyen ly lam vice ciia bo khoi dong
B
N
0 Khi CO dien phan ap thanli 2 phan : C l , C2
- Qua 2 dilt zener dua dien ap vao cue G cua triac
- Triac ma xuit hien dien ap khoang 120 V a sa cap cua bien ap xung BAX
- Diu thu cip dat dien ap 2,8 - 5 kV tiiy theo thiet ke Trong nira chu ky duang ciia tin s6, khi den phong dien trong thai gian rat ngan liic do dien ap rai tren G =0, nhiem
vu ciia bg khai dgng da hoan thanli
- Dong dien tilp tuc chay true tiep qua cugn thir cap
Trang 12PHAN II _ _THIET ICE BALAT 2 CAP CONG SUAT 150 W/100 W - 220 V
II 1 TRIEN KHAI THIET KE
II.l.l Cac chiing loai balat cho den phong dien cu-ong do cao
- Balat dien tra: Balat khong kinh te, chi dugc diing cho den co anh sang pha tron (Den hai thuy ngan ap suat cao)
- Balat tu: Ton hao rat nho nhung khong dugc dung rieng no Chi a tan so rat cao mai CO the diing tu nhu balat
- Balat tu cam hay tra khang: Thuang dugc diing trong mach den phong dien, ket hgp vai bg khai dgng de cap dien ap cao can cho su phong dien ciia den Thuc te, balat dien tir gom nhieu vong day dong quan quanh loi thcp Ciing nhu balat dien tra, balat dien tir cung khong kinh te vi co ton hao tren dien tra duai dang nhiet
* iTu diem:
D Cong suat ton hao thap so vai loai dien tra
D Mach dien dan gian: Balat noi tiep vai den
* Nhugc diem:
D Dong qua den lech pha vai dien ap nguon, cham pha hon so voi dien ap nen co he
so cong suat nho
D Dong dien khai dgng cao Trong mach tu cam dong dien Idiai dgng bang klioang 1,5 lan dong dien lam viec
D Nhay cam vai dao dgng cua dien ap nguon Bien doi dien ap nguon gay len thay doi dong qua den
- Balat kilu biln ap: NIU dien ap nguin thip han 2 lan dien ap ciia den (nhu voi den Natri ap suit thip) phai cin may biln ap Giai phap tot nhat ciia truang hgp nay la ket hgp chirc nang ciia may bien ap va cugn khang thanh mot thiet bj May bien ap ket hgp hoat dgng cua cugn thu cip nhu cugn khang Thanh phan tu c6 the can de nang cao he so cong suit Balat bifin ap cho den Natri ap suit thip co day dii chirc nang ciia mot thiet bi khai dgng So sanh vai balat dien cam binh thuong thi balat bien ap co mi diem la dien
ap mach ma cao han Nhugc dilm la cong suit tin hao Ion hon, dat han vi balat lan hon
- Balat kieu mach lai: Mach sa cip gim cugn khang va dugc mac noi tiep vai thir cip ciia may biln ap May biln ap se bien dien ap nguon thanh dien ap yeu cau Mach thir cap gIm tu dien nli tilp vai den Gia tri tu dugc xac dinh tot cho on dinh dong ciia den Loai balat nay co uu diem la: Nguon dong cung cap cho den dang xung vuong nen khoang toi moi chu ky se giam dan den Idioi dgng lai se nhe nhang Dao dgng dien ap nguin anil huong rat nho den cong suat den Chong can nhieu song dugc thuc hien bai to
Trang 13hgp L-C nen khong cin tu lgc Mach co he s6 cong suat tot Balat bien ap khong co nhugc diem that su mac dii phuc tap va cong kenh hon
- Mach cong suat on dinh: Tai My dugc sir dung rgng rai vai den thuy ngan va den Natri ap suat cao No g6m balat bi6n ap va mot tu mac noi tiep vai den Diing tu de on dinh cong suat khi dien ap nguIn dao dgng No co hai chirc nang, la balat va dam bao he
so cong suat iTu diem la dong dien qua den hau nhu khong bi anh huong khi dien ap nguon thay doi den 10%, mach co he s6 cong suat tot, dong khai dgng thap Nhugc diem
la cong suat ton hao tren may bien ap cao, thiet bi nang va dat
Lua clion baldt sdt tie cho den phong dien cudng do cao:
No hoat dgng tren nguyen tac tu cam Balat phai dugc chgn phii hgp vai dien ap nguon va tan so, loai den va dien ap cua den, de dam bao dong qua den la gia tri diing Noi each khac, moi dien ap nguon, moi loai den yeu cau balat rieng vai dac tinh dien cam dugc dat
Ton hao nhiet xay ra vi dien tra ciia cugn day va tir tre ciia loi thep, phu thuoc vao cau true ca khi ciia balat, duong kinh va chieu dai ciia day dong Dieu quan trgng de diing balat va bg khai dgng diing va noi chiing theo so do noi day tren bg khoi dgng Gia tri quan trgng nhat cho sir on dinh la trd khang ciia balat Cugn Idiang cung cap mot dieu kien day du, dien ap luoi Ion gap khoang 2 lan dien ap ciia den
II.1.2 Co' SO' thiet ke tinh toan balat sat tir cho den Natri cao ap
1 Cff so ve ly thuyet:
Cung nhu cac loai balat sat tir kliac, vice thiet ke tinh toan dua tren co so tinh toan thiet ke cugn khang chua bao hoa va cac thong so phu thuoc vao dac tinh ciia den Natri cao ap
Gia tri tinh toan quan trgng nhat cua viec thiet ke balat la gia tri he so tu cam hay la gia tri tra khang ciia cugn khang Gia tri nay phu thuoc vao so vong day cua cugn day, dien tich cue tir va do rgng cua khe ho khong khi Ngoai ra de toi uu hoa thiet ke, trong tinh toan ta phai ke den do tang nhiet cua cugn day ciing nliu ton hao ciia cugn khang Dilu do dugc the hien bang viec tinh chgn kich ca day quan va kich thuoc mach tir Tinh toan nay co thi dugc hieu chinh de phii hgp khi co them cugn phu dugc quan them Cugn phu dugc tinh toan tren ca so lam giam dien ap va dong dien tren den khi tong trd thay doi
Kit qua tinli toan phai thoa man den hoat dgng dii cong suat voi mach dien c6 balat
da thiet ke Dieu nay co the kiem tra bang each cap cho mach den mot nguon dmh mirc (dien ap dinh mirc - 220V va dong dien den dinli mirc) thi dien ap roi tren den phai bilng dien ap den dinh mirc
2 Thong so, cong thiic tinh toan co' ban:
a Cdc thong so ddu vdo:
J
Trang 14-Thong s6 ciia nguon cip: Thilt k8 cho luoi dien co dien ap 220V, tan so 50Hz
- Dac tinh ciia den: Chii ylu dua vao dac tinh V-A ciia den vi khi lam viec den dugc coi nhu dien tro phi tuyen doi vai mach dien
-Diem dac tinh dinh miic (a dien ap va dong dien dinh mirc cua den - gia tri nay tham khao tir thong s6 den ciia nha san xuit) dugc diing de tinh toan so bg Cu the, ta se lay gia tri dien trd ciia den tai dilm dac tinh dinh mirc de suy ra gia tri so bg he so tu cam ciia balat
b Cdc cong thuc tinh todn ca bdn:
- Cong thirc tinh he so tu cam cua cugn khang:
L = W l G ( l )
Trong do: L la he so tu cam ciia cugn khang (H)
W la so vong day cua cugn day (vong)
G la tir dan mach tir (H)
- Cong thiic tinh tir dan khe hd khong khi (theo Phuong phap phan chia tir trudng):
Tir dan trong hinh hop (a,b,6) (H)
2 Tir din Vi tm dac (5,a) + 2 Tir din Vi tru dac (5,b) (H)
4 Tir dan VA cau dac dudng kinh 5 (H)
2 Tir dan Y2 tru rong (m,a) + 2 Tir dan Vi tru rong (m,b) (H)
= (1-2)5
G54 : 4 Tir dan I/4 cau rong (2m+5,5) (H)
a,b: Kich thudc cue tir (m)
D Trong dd: Po la he s6 tir thim Idiong khi, p^ = An 10"' H/m
• Cong thirc tinh dien trd cugn day:
Trang 15Rd, = p,.l/q (3)
Trong dd: R^j, la dien trd cugn day d nhiet do t (Q)
p, la dien trd suat day quan d nhiet do t (Q.m) _
1 la chieu dai day quan (m)
q la tiet dien day quan (m")
- Cong thirc tinh chieu dai day quin
-.-1 = l,b-W (4)
Trong dd : 1 la chieu dai day quan (m)
lib la chieu dai trung binh mdi vong day (m)
W la sd vong day (vong)
_ 4 ( a , + b 0 + 27rl,
ai,bi la chieu rgng va chieu dai phia trong cugn day (m)
li la be day cugn day (m)
-Cdng thirc tinh tdn hao tren cugn day :
Pcu = l'.R (5)
Trong dd : Pcu la tin hao tren cugn day (W)
I la ddng dien lam viec cua cugn day (A)
R la dien trd cugn day (Q) - liy bing Rdt
- Cdng thirc tinh tdn hao sat:
k la he sd gia cdng thuc nghiem
B la mat do tir thdng ciia mach tir (T)
f la tan sd mach dien (Hz)
Pi/50 la suat tdn hao thep d tan sd tir hoa f = 50Hz va B = 1 T
P la he sd phu thudc vao loai thep
- Cdng thiic tinh toan do tang nhiet:
At = Pcu/(KT.ST) (7)
Trong dd : At la do tang nhiet d b l mat cugn day (°C)
Pcu la tdn hao tren cugn day (W)
KT la he sd toa nhiet bing ddi luu va birc xa ( Kj = 6-14 W/m^°C)
S r la dien tich toa nhiet ciia cugn day (m^)
Trang 16n.1.3 Tinh toan thiet ke
A Tfnh toan so' hg:
1.Thong so vao:
-Thdng sd ngudn: U = 220V, f = 50Hz
-Thdng sd bdng den: Pd = 150W
Ud= lOOV, Id= 1,8A
- So dd dien img vdi mdt cap lam viec ciia Balat:
2 Trff Idiang cuon day:
Tai ciia mach den Natri cao ap bao gdm: dien trd phi tuyen ciia den, dien trd cua cue den, trd khang va dien trd ciia balat, dien dung ciia tu bii (neu cd) Khi tinh toan so
bg, ta coi mach dien lam viec ciia den chi gdm thanh phan dien trd cua den va trd kliang ciia balat, cac thanh phan cdn lai dugc coi la rat nhd va bd qua
Vdi gia tri dien trd ciia den, ta coi den la thuan trd tai mdi thdi diem nhat dinh, ta lay gia tri dien trd tinh toan cua den ma tai dd den cd cac thdng sd dinh mirc (cdng suat dinh mirc, dien ap va ddng dien dinh miic) Gia tri dien trd dd la:
R^ = Ud/Id = 100/1,8 = 55,56 (Cl)
Theo lEC 60662 ty le dien ap tren ddng dien d cap cdng suat 150W la 99 nen trd
khang ciia Balat la: XL = 99 Q
2 Chon CO' day quan:
Chgn mat do ddng dien J = 5 A/mm Tiet dien day quan tinh toan la:
^ „ = j = y = 0,36(mm^)
Vay chgn co day d/d' = 0,7/0,815 mm vdi q = 0,385 n W
3 So' bo tinh so vong day:
Bd qua dien trd day quan va coi tir trudng deu d khe hd klidng khi, ta tinli toan so
bd sd vdng day quan nhu sau: •
W =M
B: Tir thdng mach tir Chgn B = 0,75T
5: Khe hd khdng khi Chgn 5=1.10"^ m
I: Ddng dien ciia mach dien (qua Balat)
Po: He sd tir thim khdng khi, Po = 47i 10"'' H/m
Trong dd:
Trang 170,75.1.10"'
fV„050W) = — = 397,9 (vdng)
l,5.4.;r.]0 Chgn W2 = 385 vdng
4 Sff bo tfnh Idch thudc mach tii':
Tren co sd khao sat thi trudng, de cd cac kich thudc lap dat Balat va tren co sd nhung san phim Balat cho den Natri cao ap da san xuat, chgn mach tir gdm nhung la thep nhan s2212 day 0.5mm va cd kich thudc nhu sau
Tiet dien cue tir:
Sg = G8.5/(po.a) Trong do: a la he sd tir tan Chgn a = 1,03
S5 = 2,73.10"^ 1. 10-V(4K.10"^ 1,03) = 3,3.10"^(m^)
Tiet dien cue tir cd kich thudc la axb Trong dd a la be rgng cue tir, a = 21mm
b la be day cue tir bang tdng be day cac la thep ky thuat
Khi dd b = 85.10"^m vdi he sd ep chat la K^ = 0,97
Vay kich thudc khung tir nhu sau:
Chieu cao: H = 46 mm
Be ngang: ^^ Chieu dai: b = 85 mm
a
X h
' ^
X
Trang 18B Tinh toan kiem tra:
Kiem tra Baldt lam viec d mivc cons sudt ciia den 150 W:
1 Til' dan mach tir:
- Cdng thiic tinh tir dan khe hd khdng khi (theo Phuong phap phan chia tir trudng):
Gg = Ggo + Ggi -I- Gg2 + Gg3 + Gg4
Trong dd: Gg la tir dan khe hd khdng khi (H)
Ggo: Tir dan trong hinh hop (a,b,5) (H)
Gg, : 2 Tir din 1/2 tm dac (5,a) + 2 Tir dan 1/2 tru dac (5,b) (H)
Gg2 : 4 Tir dan 1/4 cau dac dudng kinh 5 (H)
Gg3 : 2 Tir dan 1/2 tru rdng (m,a) + 2 Tir dan 1/2 tru rdng (m,b) (H)
m = (1-2)5
Gg4 : 4 Tir dan 1/4 ciu rong (2m+5,5) (H)
a,b: Kich thudc cue tir (m)
5: Khe hd khdng khi (m)
Ggo = Po-a.b/5 = 471.10-^21.10"l85.10"Vl.10"^ = 2,24.10"^ (H)
Gg| = 2(0,26.poa)+2(0,26.po-b) = 2(0,26.471.10"^21.10'^)+ 2(0,26.4:: 10-^.85.10-^) = 6,93.10"^ (H)
Gg2 = 4.0,077.p„.5 = 4.0,077 471.10-^.1.10'^ = 3,87.10"'° (H)
Gg3 = 2.2.po(a+b)/(7r(5/m+l)) = 2.2 47t.l0-^(21 + 85).10-V(7i(l + 1/1,5) = 1,017.10'^ (H)
3 Tfnh dien t r d cuon day:
- Cdng thirc tinh chieu dai dav quan:
l = l,b.W
Trong dd: 1 la chieu dai day quan (m)
Itb la chieu dai trung binh mdi vdng day (m)
W la sd vdng day (vdng)
, 4 ( a , + b , ) + 27il,
lb Q
ai,bi la chieu rdng va chieu dai phia trong cugn day (m)
li la be day cugn day (m)
Ta tim a l , b l , 11 img vdi Wl = 340 vdng day nhu sau :
Tiet dien cugn day Wl Sji = 340.q/Kid
Trang 19vdi K,d he so lip diy KM = 0,3-^0,7, chgn Kw = 0,5
Trong dd: Rdt la dien trd cugn day d nhiet do t (Q)
Pl la dien trd suat day quan d nhiet do t (Q.m)
1 la chieu dai day quan (m)
q la tiet dien day quan (m )
6 Thong so mach dien:
-Dien ap tren Balat:
Ub = Zb.I = (Rd' + X j ) " ' I = (4,98' + 97,8')"' 1,82 =176,05 (V) -Dien ap tren den:
k la he sd gia cdng thuc nghiem
B la mat do tir thdng ciia mach tir (T)
f la tan sd mach dien (Hz)
Trang 20Pi/5o la suat ton hao thep d tan sd tir hoa f = 50Hz va B = 1 T
p la he sd phu thudc vao loai thep
Tinh chgn cac dai lugng tren:
Gm = Vm-YFe- Troug dd: Trgng lugng rieng ciia sat ype = 7,85.10 kg/m V,, =H.L.b.0,97-2.1 l,5.24.b.0,97=45.65.85.0,97- 2.11,5.24.85.0,97
f la tan sd mach dien (Hz), f = 50 Hz
Tra dugc pi/50 = 2,5 W/kg
Po = k.p,/5o.B'.(f750)P = 1,28.2,5.0,838' 1 = 2,25 (W/kg)
Vay: Ppe = Po-G^ = 2,25.1,536 = 3,45 (W)
-Tdng tdn hao tren Balat:
P = Pcu + Ppe = 16,5 + 3,45 = 19,95 (W)
8 Do tang nhiet:
- Cdng thirc tinh toan do tang nhiet:
At = Pcu/(KT.ST) (7)
Trong dd: At la do tang nhiet d be mat cugn day (°C)
Pcu la tdn hao tren cugn day (W)
K j la he sd toa nhiet bang ddi luu va birc xa ( KT = 6-14 W/m'.°C)
ST la dien tich toa nhiet ciia cugn day (m')
Thoa man dilu kien cho phep d cap each nhiet B: At = 65 °C
Nhiet do cue dai cho phep ciia cugn day d cap B la: Tw =130 °C
9 He so cong suat:
-He so cdng suat ciia mach khi chua cd tu:
coscp = Ud,r/U = (Rd + R<i).I/U = (4,98 + 55,56).l,82/220 = 0,5
Trang 21- He sd cdng suat ciia mach khi cd tu bii: Khi dd he sd cdng suat ciia mach la
coscpb-Chgn tu bii: Theo so dd tren ta cd I.C0S9 = I(C).cos(pb De he sd cdng suat ciia nmJn
la 0,9 thi phai mac them tu song song vdi ngudn va khi do ddng dien qua mach den la: 1(C)
= I.coscp/coscpb = 1,82.0,5/0,9 =1,01 (A)
Ddng dien qua tu la: Ic = I.sincp + I(C).sin(pb neu tu bii qua
Hoac Ic = I.sincp - I(C).sin9b neu tu bii tdi
Chgn gia tri tu de mach dugc bii tdi vi khi dd gia tri dien dung se nhd hon va ddng dien qua tu cung nhd hon Vay Ic = I.sincp - I(c).sin(pb
= 1,82.(1-0,5')"'- 1,01.(1-0,9')'^
= 1,134 (A)
Khi dd trd dung ciia tu bii la: Zc = U/Ic = 220/1,134 = 194,05 (Q)
Vay gia tri dien dung C = l/(27:f.Zc) = l/(27t.50.194,05) = 16,4.10"^ (F)
Chgn tu bii vdi dien dung C = 17pF
Kiem tra Baldt lam viec d mi'vc cons sudt ciia den 100 W:
1 Til' dan mach tii':
Do ciing chung mach tir nen:
G5 = 2,42.10"'^ (H)
2 Tfnh trd Idiang cuon day:
XL = 27rf.L = 27i.50.W'.G5 = 27r.50.385' 2,42.10"^ = 125,63 (Q)
3 Tfnh dien trd cuon day:
- Cdng thirc tinh chieu dai day quan:
l = ltb.W
Trong dd: 1 la chieu dai day quan (m)
l,b la chieu dai trung binh mdi vdng day (m)
W la sd vdng day (vdng)
_ 4 ( a , + b 0 + 27il,
hh ^
ai,bi la chieu rdng va chieu dai phia trong cugn day (m)
1] la be day cugn day (m)
Trang 22Trong dd: Rdt la dien trd cudn day d nhiet do t (Q)
p, la dien trd suat day quan d nhiet do t (Q.m)
1 la chieu dai day quan (m)
q la tiet dien day quan (m')
Dien trd suit d 75°C la P75 = 2,13.10"*^ Qm
Vay: Rd = 2,13.10"ll01,5/0,385.10"'^ = 5,61 (Q)
4 Tdng trd mach dien khi lam vice dn dinh:
Z = ((Rd + Rd)' + XL')"'
Theo khao sat va bing nhiing thuc nghiem, dl den Natri cao ap 1OOW hoat
ddng vdi cdng suit 150W thi ddng dien qua den la I = 1.5A; img vdi dien trd tire thdi la 60 Q
Z = ((Rd + Rd)' + X L ' ) " ' = ((5.61+60)' + 125.63')"' = 141,73 (Q)
5 Dong dien lam viec ciia mach dien (qua Balat):
I = U/Z = 220/130,6 =1,55 (A)
6 Thong so mach dien:
-Dien ap tren Balat:
k la he sd gia cdng thuc nghiem
B la mat do tir thdng ciia mach tir (T)
Trang 23f la tan sd mach dien (Hz)
Pi/50 la suat tdn hao thep d tin sd tir hoa f = 50Hz va B = 1 T
P la he sd phu thudc vapjoai thep
Tinh chgn cac dai lugng tren:
Gm = Vm.ype- Troug dd: Trgng lugng rieng ciia sit •y^e = 7,85.10'' kg/m^
f la tan sd mach dien (Hz), f = 50 Hz
Tra dugc pi/50 = 2,5 W/kg
Po = k.p,/5o.B'.(£'50)'' = l,28.2,5.0,8l'.l = 2,09 (W/kg)
Vay: Ppe = Po-Gm = 2,09.1,536 = 3,2 (W)
-Tdng tdn hao tren Balat:
P = Pcu + Ppe = 13,48 + 3,2 = 16,69 (W)
8 Do tang nhiet:
- Cdng thirc tinh toan do tang nhiet:
At = Pcu/(KT.ST) (7)
Trong dd: At la do tang nhiet d be mat cugn day (°C)
Pcu la tdn hao tren cudn day (W)
KT la he sd toa nliiet bang ddi luu va biic xa ( KT = 6-14 W/m'.°C)
ST la dien tich toa nhiet ciia cudn day (m')
Thoa man dieu kien cho phep d cap each nhiet B: At = 65 °C
Nhiet do cue dai cho phep cua cudn day d cap B la: Tw =130 "C
9 He so cong suat:
-He sd cdng suat ciia mach khi chua cd tu:
coscp = Ud,,./U = (PH, + Rd).I/U = (5,61 + 60).l,55/220 = 0,46
Trang 2411
- ;
He sd cdng suat cua mach khi cd tu bii: Khi dd he sd cdng suit ciia mach la coscpb
Chgn tu bii: Theo so dd tren ta cd I.COS9 = I(C).eoscpb De he sd cdng suat ciia mach
la 0,9 thi phai mac them tu song song vdi ngudn va khi dd ddng dien qua mach den la: 1(c)
= I.cos9/cos(pb = 1,55.0,46/0,9 = 0,79 (A)
Ddng dien qua tu la: Ic = I.sin9 + I(cj.sincpb neu tu bii qua
Hoac !(• = I.sincp - I(C).sincpb neu tu bii tdi
Chgn gia tri tu de mach dugc bii tdi vi khi dd gia tri dien dung se nhd hon va ddng dien qua tu cung nhd hon Vay Ic = I.sing - I(C).sincpb
= 1,55.(1-0,46')'^' - 0,79.(1-0,9')"'
= 1,03 (A)
Khi dd trd dung ciia tu bii la: Zc = U/Ic = 220/1,03 = 213,195 (Q)
Vay giii tri dien dung C = l/(27if.Zc) = 1/(271.50.213,195) = 14,94.10"^ (F)
Chgn tu bii vdi dien dung C = 17pF
Ket luan:
Ket qua thiet ke tinh toan nhu sau:
1 Thong so mach tir:
Vat lieu: Thep ky thuat dien s22l2
Sd la: 258
Chilu cao: H = 46 mm ;
Be ngang: L = 65 mm
Chieu dai: b = 85 mm , Cira sd : 11,5 mm x 24,5 mm
Trang 252 Thong so cuon day: '
- - Day quin e may d/d' = 0,7/0,815 (mm)
SO vdng day: W1/W2 = 340/385 vdng
Chieu rdng phia trong: ai = 21,5mm
Chieu dai phia trong: bi = 93 mm
Ddng dien lam viec (Khdng tu) (A)
Ddng dien lam viec (Cd tu) (A)
17
100 W 1,55 0,79 16,69 51,16 0,46
17
II.1.4 Thiet ke chi tiet che tao
a Yeu cau chung
- Cac chi tiet che tao, phai dap ung vdi thdng sd thiet ke
- Chi tiet che tao phii hcrp vdi cdng nghe tai cdng ty
- Cac vat tu lira chgn cd kha nang tim kiem de dang tren thi tmdng
b Trien khai thiet ke
Ban ve tdng quan va chi tiet
Trang 26Can cir vao cac tinh toan tren trien khai thiet ke cac chi tiet cu the nhu sau:
La thep chiT U: Thep s2212
Trang 27Gia dau cuon day: Nhya PA Composite
2 R0,5 / 1.5
Trang 28Tong hop cac chi tiet trong balat 2 cap cong suat
Tam Idt dudi
Tam each dien khe hd KK
Vit bat cuin cue dau day
Cum cudn day
Gia dau cudn day
Ldi each dien
Dau cdt
Cum cue dau day
Vd cue dau day
Ong chira day
Vit kep day
Ky hieu ban ve BL-HPS150/100-001 BL-HPS150/100-002 BL-HPS 150/100-003 BL-HPS150/100-004 BL-HPS 150/100-005 BL-HPS150/100-006 BL-HPS 150/100-007 BL-HPS150/100-008 TCVN
BL-HPS 150/100-100 BL-HPS 150/100-101 BL-HPS 150/100-102 BL-HPS 150/100-103 BL-HPS 150/100-200 BL-HPS 150/100-201 BL-HPS 150/100-202 TCVN
So lu'O'ng 165-1 165-1
82212 Nhua PC Thep CT3
In true tiep Latsancach dien Latsan each dien Latsan each dien Thep CT3 Day e may Nhua PA composite Phip Ddng J162
Nhua PP Gel thiiy tinh Ddng ;162
II.2 T R I E N K H A I T H I E T KE VA CHE TAO KHUON MAU BALAT
II.2.1 Khuon ep cac chi tiet nhira :
Yen can chung: De dam bao sir dong nhat ve chat lugng, tinh lap lin va nang suat san pham, hau hei cac chi tiet cau thanh san phim deu dugc che tao tir khuon miu, ga lip
do vay viec tinh loan thiet ke che tao khuon miu ga lip phiii dua tren yeu cau ky thuat cu ths ciia timg chi tiet de phan tich, dua ra thdng sd dau vao tir dd dinh hudng cho viec tinh toan thiet ke ke't cfiu khuon ga, tinh chgn may gia cdng chi tie't phii hgp tranh tinh trang sai hdng chi tiet va gay lang phi cdng suat may, gom cac budc sau:
- Tinh loan khdi lugng va do co ngdt ciia chi tie't
- Lira chgn ke't cau khuon ga
- Lira chgn vat lieu che tao khuon ga
- Tinh toiin dudng lam mat
- Tinh toan dudng kenh din nhua
- Tinh toan cac vi tri chay day san pham
Trang 29- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng khuon
Cac khuon nhira dugc thie't ke bao gom: _
1 Khuon ep nip che:
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Sd luang 04 san pham
- Tinh chgn may ep 160T (TB-160T Dai Loan)
2 Khuon ep gia dau cugn day
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- So' lugng 04 san pham
- Tfnh chgn may ep 160T (TB-160T Dai Loan)
3 Khuon ep chi tie't vd cue da'u day
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Sd lugng 08 san phim
- Tinh chgn may ep 160T (TB-160T Dai Loan)
II.2 2 Khuon dap cat dot cac chi tie't kim loai
Cung nhu kliudn ep cac chi tiet kim loai viec thie't ke khuon dap cit dua tren vi6c tfnh toan cac thdng sd li6n quan de'n chi tie't de cd dugc cac thdng sd tdi uu cho ket cau khudn
- Chu vi cit hay do udn ciia chi tie't
- Vat lieu va chi6u day vat lieu
- Cac ung suat cit, udn cua vat lieu
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi
- Lira chgn may gia cdng chi tiet
- Xay dung ket ca'u khudn
Cac loai khudn dap cat bao gom
1 Khudn dap cit chi tiet la thep chir T
- Lua chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Gia cdng tren may dap 63T
2 Khudn dap cit chi tie't la thep chiJ U
- Lua chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Gia cdng tren may dap 63T
3 Khudn dap cit chi tiet de
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Gia cdng tren may dap 125T
4 Khudn dot chi tiet De
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Gia cdng tren may dap 63T
Trang 305 Khudn udn chi tie't De
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Gia cdng tren may dap 63T
6 Khudn dap chi tie't ldi each dien
- Lira chgn vat lieu gia cdng chay cdi la thep 9XC
- Gia cdng tren may dap 16T
Nhu vay Tdng cac loai khudn thiet ke va che tao bao gdm Khudn ep nhua: 03 bd
Khudn dap cit: 04 bd
Khudn dap dot: 01 bd
Khudn dap udn: 01 bd
Ngoai ra cdn cac loai ga ep vao mach tir U va T
Trang 31PHAN III THIET KE BO CHUYEN DOI CONG SUAT III.l Phan tich nguven ly hoat dong lua chon phuoTig an thiet ke :
Ro le thdi gian hoat ddng dua tren nguyen ly dem xung tan sd thap mach tao xung
cd the dimg cac linh kien dien trd (R) va tu dien(C) hoac sir dung tinh the thacli Diing R va C cd the che tao ro le cd thdi gian tre tuy y.Nhung cd nhugc diem se tao ra sai
sd theo nhiet do Diing tinh the thach anh se cd dugc thdi gian chinh xac khdng phu thudc vao nhiet do nhirng chi tao ra dugc mdt sd cap thdi gian, do linh kien thach anh tren thi trirdng chi cd mdt sd cap tan sd nhat djnh
PhuoTig an 1: Diing thach anh tan sd thap de tao dao ddng chuan:
Tren thi trudng hien nay cd cac loai thach anh sau : 420 kHZ; 455 kHZ; 470 kHZ;
480 kHZ; 500 kHZ; 503 kHZ Vdi cac thach anh neu tren Dimg 3 vi mach chia tan sd dao dgng cua thach anh tlianh cac tan sd thap hon chi che tao dugc cac role cd sd gid chan : 5h ; 2,5h va cac thdi gian le nhu 4,7h; 5,2h; 2,8h v.v
FhuoTig an 2: Dimg vi mach thdi gian chuan , tao xung dao ddng bang dien trd va
tu dien R-C Tan sd tao ra dugc vi mach dem va chia tan ra cac khoang thdi gian theo yeu cau
Ket luan : Theo yeu cau dat ra role can cd thdi gian tre d mirc 4 gid va 5 gid Vi vay phuong an diing thach anh khdng phii hgp vdi yeu cau dat ra.Vi vay phuong an dugc lira chgn la loai role thdi gian dimg R-C lam phan tir tao dao ddng
III.2 Thiet ke Role thoi gian hai muc 4 gid' - 5 gid theo phuong an tao dao dong diing dien trd' va tu dien (R-C)
III.2.1 Lua chon linh Icien chinh:
Cd nhi6u phuang an ch6 tao ro le thdi gian van de dat ra la lira chon phuong an nao dap img veu ciu dat ra vdi gia thanh thap nhat Nhdm nghien cim da lira chgn Vi mach (IC) "thdi gian lap trinh chuin" CD 454IB lam linh kien chinh ciia role
IC 454IB dugc thiet ke vdi mot bd dem nhi phan 16 bac va mdt bd tao dao ddng tich phan sir dung tu dien va dien trd ben ngoai Bd tao dao ddng R - C cd do chinh xac
±2% vdi dieu kien nguon cung cap dien ludi dao dgng trong khoang ± 10%
Mot sd tinh nang chii yeu cua IC CD 4541
Thang tan sd dao dgng : DC - 100 kHz
Tu dgng reset gia tri ban dau cho bd dem khi bat ngudn Ngudn cung cap : 3 V ^ 15 V
Pham vi nhiet do lam viec:
CD4541 BC : - 4 0 ° C - 8 5 ° C
Trang 32CD4541 BM : - 5 5 ° C - 125 "C
Dac tinh ky thuat chi tiet trinh bay trong phu luc I
III.2.2 Cac chi tieu thiet ke:
Ddng dien lam viec: 5 -IOA
Dien ap ngudn djnh mirc : 220 V
Pham vi dien ap lam viec : 180 - 260 V
Ddng dien tieu thu : 50 mA
Cdng suat tieu thu : 1 VA
Thdi gian tre : 4 gid va 5 gid
Saisd : ± 3 %
ili.2.J Sff do mach dien ro" le thoi gian 2 che do : 4 gid va 5 gid
Ghi chu :
+ Khi ddng cdng tac SWl thi ro le hoat ddng vdi thdi gian tre la 4 gid
-I- Khi md cdng tac SWl thi ro le hoat ddng vdi thdi gian tre la 5 gid
IIL2.4 Lua chon linh kien phu:
Trang 33)l
- Diet nan dong 'Di, D2, D3, D4 chgn loai 1N4001 chiu dong lA hoac can nan AC/DC 1 A
- Tu C|, C2: la tu hoa lgc ngudn
- Tu C3, C4, C5: Tu nam trong mach dao dgng tao xung
- Tu C7: Dimg loai tu gdm dia: 0,1 pF (104)
- I C : 4 5 4 1 BC hoac 4541 BM
Tinh on dinh ve sai sd la chi tieu quan trgng nhat khi thiet ke ra le thdi gian Cac rale hien co tren thi trudng thudng khong dat chi tieu nay khi nhiet do mdi trudng thay doi, dac biet khi role dat trong hop den cao ap cd nhiet do len den tren 60°C cua cac loai
tu tren thi trudng trinh bay trong bang 1 va 2
Bang 1: Cac tham sd ciia tu dien:
Bang 2: Cac tham so ciia dien t r d mang than
I* Ghi chu: ppm la phan trieu
Qua bang tren ta thay tu Polyeste cd sai sd duong la -1- 350 ppm/ °C va dien trd mang than co sai so am tir - 300 den - 500 ppm/ °C
Trong mach dao dgng gom dien trd va tu dien chgn loai tu Polyeste va dien trd'
mang than de che tag ra le^Hai loai cd he so nhiet do trai chieu se bii trir nhau dan den
dn dinh tan so dao dgng
III.2.4.1 Tinh tosin dung luong tu loc ngudn:
Ddi vdi mach chinh luu 2 nira chu ki tri so tu lgc ngudn C dugc xac dinh nhu sau:
r
Trang 34c^^-^ (1) ^
C: Dien dung ciia tu (pF)
f: Tan so ludi dien 50 (Hz)
U2: Dien ap thu' cap ung vdi tai dinh mirc (V)
U,: Dien ap mdt chieu djnh muc tren tai (V)
f: Tan so ludi dien (50Hz)
R,: Dien trd tai (Q)
C: Dien-dung tu lgc ngudn (pF)
III.2.4.3 Dong dien thii' cap ciia bien ap nan ddng xac djnh theo cong thirc sau: 12=1.11.1, (A)
I,: Ddng dien 1 chieu dinh muc tren tai
III.2.4.4 Cong suat bieu kien t h u cap ciia bien ap:
S2=U2.l2
S2: Cong suat bieu kien thir cap ciia bien ap:
III.2.4.5 Tinh toan cu the:
Dong dien lam viec cua mach: I,= 50 (mA)
Dien ap 1 chieu dinh mirc tren tai: Ut= 12 (V)
Trang 35S|: Cong suat toan phan bien ap
ri: Hieu suat bien ap: Loai < 10 VA chgn T] = 0,6
5 , = - ^ = l V A
0,6
III.2.4.6 Lua chon gia trj tu dien de han che sai so ciia role theo nhiet do:
Trong muc IL4 da chgn dugc loai tu dien va dien trd cd sai sd theo nhiet do am va duong de dam bao tinh dn dinh ve sai sd khi ro le hoat ddng trong cac nhiet do mdi trudng khac nhau Moi gia tri nhiet do cd the xac dinh cac tri sd linh kien de mach ro le hoat dgng chinh xac Nhung thuc te can phai dam bao cho Ra le hoat ddng trong mdt dai nhiet do kha rong tir 10 °C - 70 °C vdi sai sd khdng vugt qua 5 % thi viec chgn ty le tri
so giira tu dien va dien trd cd mot y nghTa quan trgng phai thdng qua qua trinh thir nghiem mdi nit ra dugc tri sd linh kien mong muon
• Ket qua thii' nghiem sai so theo nhiet do
Rale dugc che tao vdi cac gia tri tu dien kliac nhau va hieu chinh vdi thdi gian tac ddng la 5 gid (18000 giay)
Trang 361.5 3.2 3.9 3.9 3.5 2.0 0.3
11.7 13.4 14.9 15.1 17.1