English 8 (8)

English 8 Unit 11 Science and technology Ex1 Read the conversation and do the following task At the Science Club Dr Nelson Well, as you know, developments in science and technology are greatly changin[.]

Unit 11 Science and technology

Ex1 Read the conversation and do the following task.

At the Science Club

Dr Nelson: Well, as you know, developments in science and technology are greatly

changing the way we live, communicate, travel, everything  

Duong: You mean science and technology are changing our lives in every field?  Dr Nelson: Right.  Duong: For the better?  Dr Nelson: Mostly for the better Science and technology also have enormous effects on economic development.  Nick: Well, my dad told me that only robots would work in factories and clean our homes in the future Is it right, Dr Nelson?  Dr Nelson: Sure And we’ll have flying cars and spaceships so that we can travel faster and further than before.  Chau: So we won’t have traffic jams any more?  Dr Nelson: No, we won’t Science and technology are the keys to development in other fields too They will certainly bring a lot more benefits to people.  Chau: And what about education? Our science teacher said that there would be no more schools: we’d just stay at home and learn on the Internet.  Dr Nelson: That’s right Students won’t go to school like now  

Duong: Wow! I hope that happens soon.  a Match the words in A to the words in B A B C 1 developments 2 field 3 enormous 4 economic 5.the keys 6.benefits a. the answers b. area c. progress (n) d. big e. money-making f. help 1

2

3

4

5

6

b Answer the questions. 1 Where are Nick, Duong, and Chau?

2 What is the subject of Dr Nelson’s talk?

3 What fields are science and technology greatly changing?

4 What did Nick’s dad tell him?

5 What did Chau’s science teacher say?

c Put a word / phrase from the box in each blank.

the key  - space  - economic development  - flying cars  - field

1 Technology in the   of telecommunications has developed greatly over the last decade

2 In the future, ordinary people may travel into  on spaceships

3 He said he worked very hard and that was  to his success

4 An international meeting on  took place in Singapore last week

5 If we had   now, we could solve the problem of traffic jams

Ex2 Put a word / phrase from the box in each blank There is on extra.

researchers - scientific progress - machines - science subjects  - technology

1 Her teacher said she was really good at  , but she was not very good at English

2 Advances in  have improved crop yields by over 30%

3 Cancer   have made great progress, but many aspects of this disease need further study

4 Scientists will be trying to invent   to teach children at home

5 Thanks to  , our world will be transformed greatly

Ex3 Give the opposite of the words in brackets, using the prefix un - or im -.

1 This is a species of insect previously (known)   to biologists

2 I don’t like science fiction novels much I think they are (realistic)  

3 It is almost (possible)   to keep up with the latest developments in

computing

4 The teacher said that accurate measurement was (important)   in this experiment

5 Fortunately, the river flowing through our town is (polluted)  

Ex4 Give the correct form of the words in brackets.

1 Every day we hear about new (develop)   in science and technology

2 Einstein was one of the greatest (science)   in the world

3 The USA is a world leader in space (explore)  

4 Advances in (medicine)   science will help people live longer in the future

5 There is a link between (economy)   development and the environment

Ex5 Put the verbs in bracket into the correct tenses.

1 By 2030 all students (have)   their own computers in school

2 I can’t come to your party next Friday as I (work)   on that day

3 I know she’s sick, but  she (be)   back to school tomorrow?

4.You (not pass)   your exams if you don’t start working harder

5 Whatever job you (decide)   to do in the future, I (support)  you

Ex6 Read the passage and do the following tasks.

Travelling to Mars might become a reality sooner than you think Scientists are planning

to send people (not animals!) to explore Mars in the near future They believe it’s the only way to find out if there is, or ever has been, life on this planet They will explore the possibility of living there So people may go there to live one day!

Scientists say that in the future people will live longer Incurable diseases will be cured and ‘bad’ genes will probably be replaced With healthier lifestyles and better medical care the average person will live to be 100 instead of 70 (for men) or 75 (for women) like today Anti-ageing pills will also be invented to help people live longer

Future homes will be located on the ocean, in the air, or underground These homes will have advanced energy saving devices such as solar panels, solar windows, and smart home technology Future homes will take advantage of robots to do chores such as cleaning, cooking, washing, and organising everything for their owners

a Match each of them with its explanation.

1 a reality

2 explore

3 possibility

4 replaced

5 anti-ageing pills

6 energy saving

devices

a. examine carefully to find out more about something

b. used instead of something else

c. equipment that helps save energy

d. a thing that actually exists or happens

e. something that is likely to happen

f. medicine that can prevent ageing

1

2

3

4

5

6

b Answer the questions. 1 Why are scientists planning to send people to Mars?

2 How will anti-ageing pills help people?

3 How long does an average person live now?

4 What are some energy saving devices?

5 What will home robots do in the future?

Ex7 Write the correct form of the words in brackets.

1 My friend said he really enjoyed doing (science)   experiments and

finding out how things worked

2 Production of these chemicals causes serious (environment)  pollution

3 There have been major new (develop)   in space research and satellite technology

4 It is known that new scientific (discover)   are being made all the time

5 It seems (natural)   for a child to spend so much time by himself or herself

Ex8 Fill each gap with a word from the box to complete the passage

science - inventions - inventing - benefits - productive - laboratory

Thomas Edison was one of the greatest inventors of the world He was responsible for

more than one thousand (1)   including the electric light bulb and the record player He also created the world’s first industrial research (2)  Edison was born in 1847 in Ohio, USA When he was 10 years old, he set up a small laboratory after he had read a (3)   book his mother showed him In 1869, he borrowed some money and began to make inventions In 1876 he built a new laboratory so that he could spend all his time (4)   He planned to turn out minor inventions every ten days and a ‘big trick’ every six months He developed many devices that brought great (5)   to people’s life He once said that the value of an idea lay in the using of it Edison died in 1931, after having a remarkably (6)   life

Extra exercises

Ex1.Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

Ex2 Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others in each group

3 A unnatural B engineering C impossible D environment

4 A unhelpful B unlikely C unforeseen D unusual

5 A imprecise B imperfect C impartial D impassive

Ex3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

benefits – create – discovery – explore - progress experiments – invention – observations – science – technology

1 My brother is very good at natural subjects such as Chemistry and Physics

2 Simply speaking, is the tools and machines that help to solve problems

3 The scientific method is a way to ask and answer scientific questions by

making and doing experiments

4 While scientists study how nature works, engineers new things, such as products, websites, environments, and experiences

5 In science, you should repeat your several times to make sure that the first results weren’t just an accident

6 Scientific brings us many conveniences and advanced machines, such as computers, automobiles, and so on

7 There are many of technology in the classroom, especially as students are becoming increasingly digitally literate

8 The of penicilling is very useful because it has saved lots of lives

9 The key individuals responsible for the of the double helix structure of DNA were Francis Crick and James Watson

10 Scientisit are planning to send people to Mars in the near future

Ex4 Choose the best answer.

1.We’ll go out when the rain

2 I here until he me

3 Wait until I you

4 She until you are ready

5 Miss Helen you as soon as she that letter tomorrow

A will help/finishes B helps/will finish

C will help/will finish D help/finishes

6 After the class over, ask the teacher about that sentence

7 I you before I leave here

A will visit B visit C had visited D would visit

8 We home as soon as we have finished our work

9 I here until you back tomorrow

C wait/come D will wait/will come

10 I you some postcards as soon as I in London

C will send/will arrive D send/arrive

11 When you into the office, Mr.John at the front desk

A will go/sits B go/will sit C will go/will sit D go/sits

12 Our English teacher the lesson to us tomorrow

A will explain B explain C explains D has explained

13 We for you when you back tomorrow

A will wait/get B wait/will get C will wait/will get D wait/get

14 What you at 7 p.m next Sunday?

A will do B will be doing C do do D were doing

15 When I Mr Pike tomorrow, I him of that

A will see/remind B see/will remind C will see/will remind D see/remind

Ex5 Give the correct form of the word given to complete the sentence.

1 There is still room for in your work IMPROVE

2 Today scientific progress is mostly defined in term of advancements

TECHNOLOGY

3 The first experiment was , so we need to do another one SUCCEED

4 A is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth

GEOLOGY

5 The U.S of the Moon began with the Ranger 4 impactor in 1962 EXPLORE

6 A nuclear power reactor could provide assistance with the loading and

7 The study points out that many people’s health has been affected from bathing in or

8 Thousands of are used in everyday products-in our water, our food and in the

9 in Japan have found that human ageing may be able to RESEARCH

be delayed or even reversed

10 Here are several proven studies that describe how to keep fit SCIENCE

Ex6 Put the verbs in brackets in future tenses ( be going to + V, future simple or future continuous )

1 That exercise looks difficult I (help) you

2 They (fly) to New York next summer holidays

3 We (observe) Mars from the National Space Centre at this time next week

4 People (travel) by flying car in the future

5 Look at the clouds! It (rain) in a few minutes

6 I promise I (not tell) your secret to anyone

7 They (test) the latest model of phone at 9 o’clock tomorrow.

8 I think they (invent) a new building material next year

9 We’ve already decided We (not buy) a robot vacuum cleaner

10 Goodbye, Ms White I (phone)………… you as soon as I arrive home

Ex7 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future tense.

1 We (implant) chips in the brain to control devices by the year 2050

2 With commercial space travel, we (take) minerals from the moon at this time in 2030

3 Universal translation (become) common in mobile devices

4 We (create) a synthetic brain that functions like the real one in the year 2050

5 Japan (build) a robotic moon base by 2020, built by robots, and for robots

6 China (connect) Beijing to London with a high-speed railway soon

7 Car-makers (design) self-driving cars to offer extreme safety and ease of transport

8 The US military officials say that navy ships (run) on 50 percent of biofuels

by 2020

9 Your movies (help) you choose the best course for your aims and goals 10.What (you/ do) after the course?

Ex8 Change the sentences into reported speech.

1 “I want to become a scientist when I grow up,” Nam said

2 “We met Professor Stephen Marshall yesterday,” said Peter

3 “I cannot go to the science class tomorrow morning,” said Hoa

4 “They have studied this kind of plant for two months,” she told us

5 “We don’t open the laboratory today,” Mr Vinh said

6 “I’m finding evidence for my research now,” said Nick

7 “You may be late for the workshop this afternoon,” I told Mary

8 “I didn’t teach Earth Science last year,” said Dr Thomas

9 “We will start collecting the data next month,” Minh said to me

10 “My sister isn’t leaving for London tonight,” said Jane

11 They said : “We can‟t meet you here either today or tomorrow.”

12 My mother said : “I think it won‟t rain tomorrow.”

* Change the sentences into reported speech.

1 “Will you send me an e-mail?” Marty to Kim

2 “Were you driving your car when you had an accident?” The police to Mr Lloy

3 “Did you give up smoking last month?” The doctor to Mrs Smith

4 “Have you done the washing up?” Mum to me

5 “Can’t you phone your mother at home?” The teacher to him

6 “Do you like sleeping? ” I to Greg

7 “Has your house been redecorated? ” My neighbor to me

8 “Were you punished for being late? ” Mum to Ben

9 “Do I have to move the lawn in our garden today? ” Tom to his wife

10 “Are they taking the dog for a walk now? ” Kate to me

**Change the sentences into reported speech.

1 “What’s your name? ” The officer to Sam

2 “How could you drive here in this storm?” Linda to the writer

3 “Why are you wearing this awful shirt?” The boss to Mr Grey

4 “When will the lunch be ready?” Tina to her mum

5 “How did you try to cope with this problem? ” The psychologist to Sylvie

6 “When did you find this great book? ” The teacher to Jack

7 “Where are you from? ” Mike to Sam

8 “How many apples have you eaten today?” Mum to Paul

9 “What can I do for you? ” The greengrocer to Mrs Hill

10 “Where is my tie? ” Dad to the children

***Change the sentences into reported speech.

1.“Do you go for a walk every day?”

- Interviewer asked NicK

2 “Have you seen a UFO before?”

- Interviewer asked NicK

3 “How many aliens did you see?”

- Interviewer asked NicK

4 “Why didn’t you take a photo of the aliens?”

- Interviewer asked NicK

5 “How long did the UFO stay there?”

- Interviewer asked NicK 6.“Have you seen any UFOs since then?”

- Interviewer asked NicK

Ex9 Underline the correct answer.

1 He asked me when/if there were people living on Venus

2 They wanted to know when the first spacecraft had been/has been launched

3 She asked them how/who had been the first to step onto the moon

4 They asked me which spacecraft has been/had been the first to explore Mars

5 Students asked how/who the scientists explored other planets

6 He asked me what food people on other planets had eaten/ate

7 She asked her teacher if/what UFO stood for

Ex10 Put the words or phrases in the correct order to make reported questions.

1 He/ would react/ asked me/ an alien/ how/ I/ if I saw/

2 most suitable/ The teacher/ which planet/ asked me/ was/ for human life/

3 on the moon/ My friend/ had first landed/ asked me/ when/ humans/

4 a planet/ a star/ She asked me/ the difference between/ what/ and/ was/

5 if/ was/ They asked/ on Mars/ there/ water

Ex11 Change the following questions into reported speech questions

1 ‘What are the essential conditions for human life?’ the teacher asked her students.

2 ‘Have humans been able to communicate with people on other planets?’ Samuel asked the scientist

3 ‘Did the Roswell UFO incident take place in the U.S in June 1947?’ Nick asked the journalist

4 ‘Who was the witness in the Roswell UFO incident?’ Vanessa asked her uncle

5 ‘When will humans be able to travel from one planet to another more easily?’ the son asked his father

6 ‘Why can’t people move to Mars immediately?’ Diane asked her mother

Ex9 Read the text below and choose the best answer for each question after the text

SOME ANIMALS CAN PREDICT FUTURE EARTHQUAKES

A recent investigation by scientists at the U.S Geological Survey shows that strange animal behavior might help predict future earthquakes Investigators found such occurrences in a ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter of a fairly recent quake Some birds screeched and flew about wildly: dogs yelped and ran around uncontrollably

Scientists believe that animals can perceive these environmental changes as early as several days before the mishap

In 1976, after observing animal behavior, the Chinese were able to predict a devastating quake Although hundreds of thousands of people were killed, the government was able to evacuate millions of other people and thus keep the death toll at a lower level

1.What prediction may be made by observing animal behavior?

A An impending earthquake

B The number of people who will die

C The ten-kilometer radius of the epicenter

D Environmental changes

2 Why can animals perceive these changes when humans cannot?

A Animals are smarter than humans

B Animals have certain instincts that humans don‟t possess

C By running around the house, they can feel the vibrations

D Humans don‟t know where to look

3 Which of the following is NOT true?

A Some animals may be able to sense an approaching earthquake

B By observing animal behavior scientists perhaps can predict earthquakes

C The Chinese have successfully predicted an earthquake and saved many lives