Report business research methods the influence of the social media application on university students results in ho chi minh city

2.3.2.4 Students' Engagement EN is a factor effect on Social media application use SMU, Student’s Satisfaction SS and Student’s Academic Performance SAP .... LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND AC

TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

REPORT BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS THE INFLUENCE OF THE SOCIAL MEDIA

APPLICATION ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS RESULTS

IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Lecturer: Tran Thi Van Trang Group: Infinity IQ – Shift: 4 (Monday) and 2 (Wednesday)

Ho Chi Minh City, 1 April 2021 st

LIST OF GROUP MEMBERS Full name Student

ID

Duty Evaluation Signature

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, our team would like to give their sincere thankfulness and deep gratitude to Ms Tran Thi Van Trang Ms Trang was the one who gave us endless support and conscientious guidance during the course of our research and finished our survey on the subject: “The influence of the social media application on university students results in Ho Chi Minh City” Base on precious expertise and research experience, she was a passionate help and provided specific guidance on the direction of development, the direction of the study of the subject, while also providing guidance on the appropriate approach, presentation of content, to go in and analysis of the research laid out That is the reason why we can get our survey

as well as the research in the best possible way Secondly, our team would like to thank the Department of Business administration at Ton Duc Thang University for allowing us a chance and good condition to explore and study the subject

Nevertheless, because of limited time conditions, along with the fact that lack of practical experience, he was inevitably flawed, eager to receive comments from teachers and friends Thank you so much

Research Team

Key words: social media applications (SMAs); students’ academic performance;

sustainability for education; structural equation modelling (SEM); TAM

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background 1

1.2 Problem statement 5

1.3 Object and scope of the study 6

1.3.1 Research object 6

1.3.2 Scope of the study 6

1.4 Objectives of the study 6

1.5 Research questions 6

1.6 Significant of research 7

1.7 Structure of the research paper 7

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 8

2.1 Concepts and theories 8

2.1.1 INP and INL 8

2.1.2 ACL 8

2.1.3 PEOU and PU 8

2.1.4 EN 9

2.1.5 SMU 9

2.1.6 SS 9

2.1.7 SAP 9

2.2 Previous studies 10

2.2.1 The research by Mahdi M Alamri, Mohammed Amin Almaiah, and Waleed Mugahed Al-Rahmi 3 (2020) 10

2.2.2 The research conducted by Nasser Alalwan, Waleed Mugahed Al-Rahmi, Osama Alfarraj, Ahmed Alzahrani, Noraffandy Yahaya, and Ali Mugahed Al-Rahmi (2019) 11

2.2.3 The research articles performed by Jaffar Aman, Mohammad Nurunnabi, and Shaher Bano (2019) 12

2.3 Research Model and Hypothesis 14

2.3.1 Research Model 14

2.3.2 Hypothesis 15

2.3.2.1 Factors effect on Engagement (EN): Interactivity with Peers (INP) and Interactivity with Lecturers (INL) 15

2.3.2.2 A factor effect on Engagement (EN): Active Collaborative Learning (ACL) 15 2.3.2.3 The relationship between Perceived ease of use (PEOU) and Perceived usefulness (PU) as well as the effect of each factor on Engagement (EN) and Social media application use (SMU) 16

2.3.2.4 Students' Engagement (EN) is a factor effect on Social media

application use (SMU), Student’s Satisfaction (SS) and Student’s Academic

Performance (SAP) 17

2.3.2.5 A factor effect on Student’s Satisfaction (SS) and Student’s Academic Performance (SAP): Social media application use (SMU) 17

2.3.2.6 The relationship between Student’s Satisfaction (SS) and Student’s Academic Performance (SAP) 18

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19

3.1 Research design 19

3.2 Pilot test 19

3.3 Questionaires design 20

3.4 Measurement scales 20

3.5 Sample 24

3.6 Collection method 25

3.7 Data analysis 25

REFERENCES 28

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

SPSS Statistical Product and Services Solutions

ANOVA Analysis of Variance

VIF Variance Inflation Factor

TAM Technology Acceptance Model

SEM Structural Equation Modeling

TRA Theory of Reasoned Action

Abbreviations of variables

INP Interactivity with Peers

INL Interactivity with Lecturers

ACL Active Collaborative Learning

PEOU Perceived Ease of Use

PU Perceived Usefulness

SMU Social Media Applications Use

SMAs Social Media Applications

SS Student’s Satisfaction

SAP Student’s Academic Performance

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 The World's most-used social platforms in 2021 by Authors Synthesized (Source: Datareportal.com) 1 Figure 2 Time per day spent using the internet in the world in 2020 by Authors

Synthesized (Source: Datareportal.com) 2 Figure 3 Social media in Vietnam in 2021 by Authors Synthesized (Source:

Datareportal.com) 3 Figure 4 Social media behaviors in Vietnam in 2021 by Authors Synthesized (Source: Datareportal.com) 3 Figure 5 Most-used social media platforms in Vietnam in 2021 by Authors Synthesized (Source: Datareportal.com) 4 Figure 6 Research model of the relationship between social media application and student’ academic performance (2020) by Authors Synthesized 10 Figure 7 The research model illustrates the factors Affecting Students' Academic Performance in Higher Education by Authors Synthesized 12 Figure 8 Research model about the relationship between positive media factors (PMF), negative media factors (NMF), and Students(2019) by Authors Synthesized 13 Figure 9 Research Model by Authors Synthesized 14

LIST OF TABLE

Table 3 1 Measurement scales 20 Table 3 2 Criteria for measuring SEM in Smart PLS 26Table 3 3 Indicators of Cronbach's Alpha in Smart PLS 27

From a macro perspective, according to statistics from Simon Kemp's

“DataReportal” website, figure 1 shows the most used social media platforms across all countries up to April 2021 Based on this report, we can see that Facebook is the most used platform with 2.97 billion users and the lowest is a social network called Quora with

300 million users A follow-up data in figure 2 shows the average daily human time spent

on social media around the world as of January 2020, according to this report, it

estimated that we humans spend time on social network time for 7 hours per day (account for about a quarter of the total 24 hours per day)

Figure 1 The World's most-used social platforms in 2021 by A uthors Synthesized

(Source: Datareportal.com)

5

By corporating social media applications into learning, it will assist us access knowledge quickly, connect with other learners and even lecturers around the world, then will improve academic performance regardless of interruptions caused by COVID-19 or not Because the application of social media to learning has such a huge role in our life, our research team decided to choose the topic “The influence of the social media application on university students results in Ho Chi Minh City” for the research When

choosing this topic, our group had the desire to clarify the factors affecting student learning results through the application of social media to the learning process This is a topic that has been researched in other countries, but at present in Vietnam, there is little research on this topic In addition, research on this topic will help everyone also measure sustainability in higher education, inspect student satisfaction when using social media, and provide advice to help students in Vietnam study more efficiently

1.2 Problem statement

As mentioned in the introduction, our team believes that issues are still of great concern in the world, but we brought back to our country to learn and research, likely that problem will be solved Assuming that these are things of great value or contributing to the development of our country, this is a completely worthwhile thing for us to spend time and effort on researching In this research paper, we discuss the issue of using social networks, the objects that use the most are young people, and using social media in learning the most interested audience is none other than students

It can be said that social media is also a place to learn if we permit them to do that Today, there are many articles about talented young people who take the initiative in their learning by self-study online In the adolescent ages, people can completely spend a lot of time learning through social media platforms while the time in classes is not long enough

to exchange more knowledge with teachers and peers Similar to other problems in learning, without the support and connection to social media applications, our learning process certainly will be obstacles For example, when we have a problem that is difficult

to solve, instead of using one of the social media platforms to request questions directly

to teachers, friends or find instructional methods by ourselves, we wait until the next class session, so it will take a lot of your time and until the problem is resolved it is probably almost near the end of the semester This is the reason why today's social media affect students' learning and learning outcomes Nevertheless, in addition to the benefits

of social media in learning, it also has potential harms like students looking for other people's work and copying them into their own, from there, our intelligence, our creation

is not guaranteed and the students who do it will accidentally lose their creativity as well

as become dishonest Besides, a range of other problems students use social media in learning is that they often compare themselves to others leading to psychological illness, and the rest is caught up in the attraction Social media applications can lead to either a distraction in school or a drop in productivity of learning All these problems have happened in the world, but because there are many cultural differences, there still exists a lot of debates in the community, that is the reason why we choose this topic to research

In our country, the subjects are young people currently studying at universities in Ho Chi Minh City, specifically those who fall in the age group of 18 and above and they can be students, Masters or PhDs are intended to be research subjects because they are the ones who know exactly which elements of the social media applications have impacted on their learning process and outcomes In general, in the current context, Vietnam is a

country that tends to approach scientific and technical advances and especially

technology very quickly, therefore social networking applications will definitely have a huge effect on the learning process and results of students, and the issues related to it really deserve attention and research

1.3 Object and scope of the study

1.3.1 Research object

Research subjects are factors of the application of social networks that have influenced the learning outcomes of undergraduate and postgraduate students at

universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Respondents are university and postgraduate students who have been applying social media applications to their own learning

1.3.2 Scope of the study

In terms of space: all surveys were collected from individuals currently living, studying, and working at universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

In terms of time: the time for data collection was prepared and implemented within 02 months from April 2021 to May 2021

1.4 Objectives of the study

Theoretically, this research is intended to check the factors of social media applications (SMAs) used for active collaboration learning (ACL) and engagement of students (EN) how did affect the learning process and outcomes of students at

universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam After the above factors are checked and analyzed, it will be the base for us to measure the sustainability of education as well as the satisfaction of students when using social networks in learning On the practical side, this research would like to further suggest that in addition to checking how the theoretical relativity of how social applications influence student's academic performance, through this research paper, students can also discover more specific social media platforms for learning as well as recommend learning methods connected to social media applications This research is made with the aim of solving learning problems on social networking applications, this is surely the topic that will get a lot of care from students

Perceived Usefulness (PU) were affected when students use social media applications for their studies to lead to their academic outcomes?

 Has the application of social media to learning influenced positively or negatively

on student learning outcomes?

 What solutions and suggestions will help students learn with social media effectively and achieve high outcomes?

1.6 Significant of research

Our team is believed that this research really has value if the questions in the research are clarified When our research was successful, the first thing we did was we made a tremendous contribution to the basis of the theory of tectonic theory, which proves that the research model from our previous papers is both rational and as well as highly efficient when we do it in our country Secondly, the research will help us to distinguish specific factors that have an impact on students' academic performance as they use social media applications in their study and whether the impact is beneficial Finally, based on the student outcomes after this research, schools, and businesses that develop social media applications will be able to see it as a foundation for improving, developing other social media platforms, or updating superior versions containing for helping students to learn better as well as to find methods to improve their learning outcomes

1.7 Structure of the research paper

The research topic of the group is divided into 5 main chapters, specifically as follows:

 Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter introduces an overview of the research topic

 Chapter 2: Literature review

This chapter examines previous scientific papers related to research topics as well as giving a theoretical framework of this research

 Chapter 3: Research methodology

This chapter clearly analyzes the methods used in the research

 Chapter 4: Data analysis and result

This chapter summarizes the conclusion outcomes after researching and discussing the

results of data analysis

 Chapter 5: Conclusion and recommendation

This chapter includes a summary of the research topic, making recommendations for the research subjects as well as other stakeholders

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Concepts and theories

Our team has researched and selected from previous studies to be able to find out which research models are suitable for survey subjects in Vietnam Below is the group's research model picture This study considers INP, INL, ACL, PEOU, and PU as independent variables, EN and SMU as the intermediate, and dependent variables are SS and SAP In addition, it was also developed into a total of 14 hypotheses, to learn more about this model, we had to study each variable definition as well as find a meaningful mutual relationship among them

2.1.1 INP and INL

Guiding the book Didactic Strategies and Technologies for Education published in

2012, author Alice Christudason defined "Interactivity with Peers" [1]as a form of collaborative learning among students to enhance the value of Interacting as well as providing a variety of favorable learning outcomes By interacting with peers, students can learn a lot by explaining their ideas to others or listening to others contribute from friends and then build up knowledge that they themselves still lack

In 2006, the authors’ group including Krause, Bochner, and Duchesne defined

"Interactivity with Lecturers" [2] as positive interactions that express acceptance, affection, intimacy, understanding, trust, respect, care, and cooperation between teachers and students in the classroom This relationship is based on a lot of efforts from both sides and teachers play an essential and proactive role in communicating with students to help them understand the lecture content

2.1.2 ACL

Active collaborative learning is defined by Marjan Laal and Mozhgan Laal (written in Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Volume 31, 2012) [3] as an educational method that uses groups of two or more students by Face-to-face, with computers, to enhance learning while working together Students will discuss, solve problems and complete a task in classrooms and when active collaborative learning is practiced effectively, it turns the classroom into a positive learning environment

2.1.3 PEOU and PU

Fred D Davis defined these two concepts in his book MIS Quarterly published in

1989 [4], he argues that Perceived Ease Of Use (PEOU) is the degree to which one believes that using a particular system will be effortless and effortless, while perceived usefulness (PU) is the level of the degree to which a person believes using a particular system will improve their productivity and performance

In this study, we also mention The Technology Acceptance Model - TAM, which

is the research model developed by Davis based on the theory of reasoned action - TRA

In the TAM model, there are two main factors: perceived usefulness and perceived ease

of use, through this research model we can see the acceptability of a system and it will make people have the attitude as well as the intention to use technology, In this situation

is the application of social networks to the learning of college students However, perceptions may vary depending on age and gender because each person is different

2.1.4 EN

As defined by Michael Stephens in 2020 [5], Engagement is described as the time, effort, or degree of emotional engagement as well as the motivation for students to collaborate in the learning process and early learning and invest in their academic assignments This participation refers to the level of attention, curiosity, interest,

optimism, teaching, and passion when a student is studying or teaching in a university setting, from which participation leads to progress in their learning process

2.1.5 SMU

According to the group of authors including Joe Phua, Seunga Venus Jin, and Jihoon (Jay) Kim defined in 2017 [6], Social media application is a useful tool to improve citizens' social capital Through facilitating the sharing of ideas, thoughts, and

information, social media platforms will help us strengthen existing relationships or connect and keep in touch with people in life

2.1.6 SS

The phrase "Student Satisfaction" was defined in 2001 [7] by Elliott, K & Healy

M as a short-term attitude, which is the result of after students evaluating the educational experience that they get Not only that, it has been described as the degree to which students expect to teach, teacher, or in this research situation is the satisfaction of effectively applying social media to learning It is also seen as a positive precursor of student loyalty and a result of the educational system assessment (Zeithaml, 1988) [8]

2.1.7 SAP

According to Erina L MacGeorge and seven other authors (in 2008) [9], Student’s Academic Performance can be defined as the result of education when anyone reaches their educational ambitions after training and ongoing efforts In this paper, the student's academic performance also helps universities achieve the educational goal of gaining knowledge and developing skills for students and as a basis for assessing the

sustainability of education

investigation model in this study, and a quantitative method was used and evaluated based on surveys of 192 King Faisal Undergraduates The feedback were organized into nine factors and analyzed using structural equation modeling to describe students' academic performance through evaluating education sustainability, as well as their satisfaction The findings were analyzed using structural equation modeling, which revealed that all hypotheses were accepted and positively linked to Sustainability for academic achievement, confirming the positive relationship between the use of SMU and the remaining variables considered in our model interactivity with peers, Interactivity with lecturers, Active Collaborative, Engagement, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, SMU, student satisfaction, and academic performance of students The field

of this research is from the Computer Science Department, Community College, Faculty

of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Technology Management and Business

Figure 6 Research model of the relationship between social media application and

student’ academic performance (2020) by A uthors Synthesized