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LỜI CAM ĐOAN PAGE 12 INTRODUCTION 1 General overview of the thesis The thesis “Development of science and technology for agriculture in the Red River Delta today” is the result of independent research[.]

1 General overview of the thesis

The thesis “Development of science and technology for agriculture in the Red River Delta today” is the result of independent

research of the author on the basis of reference more than 100 books,related documents that related to the thesis The author also has thededicated help of the guidance staff and many economic scientists.The theisis includes: Introduction, overview of research issues, 3chapters (7 periods), conclusions, lists of scientific works of authors,reference lists and appendices

2 Reasons for choosing thesis topic

In the context of modern scientific and technologicalrevolution, countries all over the world are very interested inresearching and applying the achievements of science and technologyinto agriculture - the industry produces irreplaceable products for thesurvival and development of mankind Vietnam is an underdevelopedagricultural country and is in the industrialization, modernization anddevelopment of the socialist-oriented market economy The Vietnam

of Communist party and the State always pay special attention to thedevelopment of economic, agriculture and rural areas, first of allinvesting in the development of science and technology foragricultural production

The Red river delta is one of the two largest agriculturalregions in the country with features, natural geographic advantages,terrestrial climates, farming traditions, infrastructure and humanresources It is in Hanoi capital and near the centers of scientificresearch, education and training so there are more and moreconditions and capactities to research and apply the achievements ofscience and technology into agricultural production With theprioritized investment of the state, efforts of localities in the region,many achievements of science and technology have been applied inagricultural production in recent years, whichs makes an importantstep of the productivity, quality and efficiency of agriculturalproduction and business However, the current situation ofdevelopment of agricultural science and technology in the Red RiverDelta has not escaped from backwardness The scale, speed and level

of development of science and technology are far from the averagerate of the regions and the world Many issues need to be addressed

in order for the development of science and technology foragriculture to match the demands of modern and sustainable

agriculture On the other hand, the Red River Delta is a region withmany hot spots and is a typical region of agriculture, farmers andrural areas in Vietnam today Many urgent issues without the use ofscience and technology will not be effectively addressed such asagricultural and rural environmental pollution; "dirty food";ensurance of food security in the context of the impact of climatechange and urbanization; finding outlets for agricultural products;studying the conservation and development of endemic plant andanimal breeds and precious gene sources in agriculture.

Before such a situation, the development of science andtechnology for agriculture has made science and technology the mainmean for enhancing added value and a key motive of agriculturaldevelopment with large, modern and sustainable scale in the RedRiver Delta is a pressing issue today From the above reasons, the

fellow chooses the topic of "Development of science and technology for agriculture in the Red River Delta today" as a doctoral thesis in

* The tasks of the thesis

- To clarify the theories for scientific and technologicaldevelopment in agriculture in the Red River Delta; Studying practicalexperience in a number of countries with developed agriculture todraw lessons for the Red River Delta

- Fully and honestly assessing the practical situation ofscientific and technological development of agriculture in the RedRiver Delta today

- Proposing basic ideas and solutions to develop science andtechnology for agriculture in the Red river delta in the coming time

4 Objects and scope of research

Agriculture studied in this topic is agriculture in the narrow sense ofcultivation and livestock.

The scope of space: Researching in 11 provinces and cities inthe Red River Delta

The scope of time: Studying and surveying from 2006 to 2016,proposing solutions for further development of science andtechnology for agriculture in the Red River Delta up to 2020 with avision to 2030

5 Theoretical, practical basis and research methods:

* Theoretical basis of the thesis:

The thesis is based on the basic theory of Marxist-Leninistpolitical economy, the Ho Chi Minh economic thought and theviewpoints and guidelines of the Communist Party of Vietnam oneconomic development and scientific and technology developmentthat serves the development of the fields, especially theagricultural sector

* Practical basis of the thesis

The thesis is based on the inheritance of achievements from theresearch of Vietnam and foreign scientists in science and technologyfor agriculture and the practical situation of science and technologydevelopment for agriculture in the Red River Delta

* Research methods

The thesis author uses a combination of research methods ofMarxist-Leninist political economy, focusing mainly on thefollowing methods: dialectical materialism method; scientificabstraction method; system approach method; methods of analysis,synthesis, statistics, comparison; professional method

6 New contributions of the thesis

- Introducing the concept, content and clarifying the factorsaffecting the development of science and technology for agriculture

in the Red River Delta from the perspective of Marxist-Leninistpolitical economy

- Evaluating the situation, pointing out the contradictions thatneed to be solved in the development of science and technology foragriculture in the Red River Delta

- Proposing ideas and solutions to create a breakthrough in thedevelopment of science and technology for agriculture in the RedRiver Delta in the coming time

7 Theoretical, practical significances of the thesis

- The thesis initially provides scientific arguments that can beinherited in the study of scientific and technological developmenttheories for agriculture in our country It can be used as referencematerial in teaching political economy at universities and collegesinside and outside the military or researchers and policy makers onthe development of science and technology in the process ofindustrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas inour country

- The thesis will also provide the practical data andsolutions to solve practical issues raised in the development ofscience and technology for agriculture in the Red River Delta Italso provides experience that can be applied to other localitiesthroughout the country

8 Structure of the thesis

Include introduction, overview of research issues, 3 chapters(7 periods), conclusions, list of scientific works of the author related

to the thesis, list of references and appendices

OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES

1.The overseas typical scientific works related to the thesis

1.1 The typical scientific works of the development of science and technology

There are typical works: Shoichi Yamashita (editor) (1994),

"Technology transfer and management of Japan in ASEAN Countries"; UNESCO (2010), "UNESCO Science Report 2010 - The Current Status of Science around the World"; Jorge Niosi (editor) (2012), "Developing science and technology - Some of the world's experiences"; Dan Senor (editor) (2013), "Start-up nation"; The EU (2013), "Industrial R & D Investment scoreboard".

1.2 The typical scientific works of the development of science and technology for agriculture

There are typical works: Yujiro Hayami (1991), "The agricultural development of Japan"; Lulian Gonsalves (eds) (2005),

"Participatory research and development for sustainable agriculture and natural resource management"; The World Bank (2005),

"Agriculture investment sourcebook: Agriculture and rural

Development"; Beverly D McIntyre (eds) (2009), "International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development"; Department of Science and Technology - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of China (2010), "China's agricultural science and technology policy till 2010".

2 The typical scientific works related to the thesis in Vietnam

2.1 The typical scientific works related to the theories of scientific and technological development for agriculture

Typical projects include: Nguyen Duc Loi (2000), "Applying scientific and technological advances in the development of our country's agriculture", Ph.D Do Kim Chung (2005), "Policies and methods for the transfer of technology in Agriculture in the Northern Midlands and Mountains of Vietnam"; Pham Duc Nghiem (Editor) (2011), "Renovation

of technology transfer for agriculture and forestry development in the Central Highlands"; Ta Ba Hung (Editor) (2012), "Science and technology for industrialization, modernization and sustainable development"; Truong Giang Long (editor) (2013), "Science and technology in sustainable agricultural development in the Mekong Delta"; Nguyen Huu Thu (eds) (2013), "Demand for applying advanced science and technology in agricultural production and attitudes of farmers towards land acquisition policy of the state"; Duong Hong Dat (2013),

"Building and replication of the application of scientific and technological advances to agricultural and rural production".

2.2 The typical scientific works related to the theories of scientific and technological development for agriculture

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (2005),

"Science and technology for agriculture and rural development 20 years of renewal"; Nguyen Nhu Hien (eds) (2006), "Biotechnology and its application to the development of rural and agriculture"; Ho Duc Viet (editors) (2010), "Building and developing the market for science and technology in a socialist-oriented market economy"; Tran Van Khanh (editors) (2010), "Rice post-harvest technology in Vietnam"; Tran Hong Luu (2011), "Role of scientific knowledge in the cause of industrialization and modernization in Vietnam today"; Nguyen Thi To Quyen (Editor) (2012), "Agriculture, farmers, rural areas in the new economic growth model 2011-2020"; Le Xuan Dinh (editor) (2014), "Vietnam Science and Technology 2014".

2.3 The typical scientific works related to solutions to develop science and technology for agriculture

Typical works are: Le Cao Thanh (2003), "Solutions to promote the transfer of technical advances to rice production in the Mekong Delta 2003-2010", PhD thesis in economics; Nguyen Van Hoi (ed.) (2009),

"Developing science and technology market in agriculture in Vietnam"; Doan Xuan Thuy (Editor) (2011), "Agricultural production support policy in Vietnam"; Pham Bao Duong (2012), "Policy for research, transfer and application of technical advances: the key of agricultural development in the 21st century".

3 General evaluation of the result of published scientific works and the research issues of the thesis

3.1 Overview of published scientific works related to thesis

With different approaches, the research works mentioned quitecomprehensively both theoretical and practical development ofscience and technology in general, science and technology foragriculture in particular These works are an valuable source ofmaterials, which helps the fellows to carry out research on thesis.However, up to now, there has been no research tosystematically and comprehensively study the development ofscience and technology for agriculture from the perspective of thestudy of political economics In particular, none of the works hasbuilt the theoretical and practical basis for accelerating thedevelopment of science and technology for agriculture in the RedRiver Delta; The assessment and exploration of the current situation

of scientific and technological development for agriculture in the RedRiver Delta is also individual and mainly accessible from theperspective of the sectoral economy; solutions are not synchronousand comprehensive

3.2 The research issues of the thesis

Theory: Clarify the theoretical and practical basis of scientific

and technological development for agriculture in the Red RiverDelta Specifically: Clarify the notion of Marxism-Leninism, thethought of Ho Chi Minh and the Communist Party of Vietnam on therole of science and technology in agricultural development;introducing the concept, content and analysis to clarify the factorsthat affect the development of science and technology for agriculture

in the Red River Delta; Study the experience of some countries in the

development of science and technology for agriculture and to drawlessons for the Red River Delta.

Situation: Conducting a complete, objective and honest evaluation

of the situation of scientific and technological development of agriculture

in the Red River Delta from 2006 to now The assessment of the situationdoes not stop at the simple statistics but the thesis will clarify the cause ofthe situation and at the same time point out the basic barriers that need to

be removed to promote development of science and technology foragriculture in the Red River Delta

Perspectives and solutions: To propose basic ideas andsolutions to promote the development of science and technology inagriculture in the Red River Delta in the coming time The thesis will

be sequenced, generalizing the solutions from published scientificworks into a relatively tight and complete system; the analysisclarifies the basis, content, requirements and measures of eachsolution closely to the characteristics and conditions of the Red RiverDelta to create a breakthrough in the development of science andtechnology for agriculture

Chapter 1 THEORY OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR AGRICULTURE IN THE RED RIVER

DELTA AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE

1.1 Theory of scientific and technology development for agriculture

1.1.1 Concept of Marxist-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh thought and Communist Party of Vietnam on the role of science and technology in agricultural development

1.1.1.1 The Marxist-Leninist conception of the role of science and technology in agricultural development

Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx are the first to study, clarifythe great role of science and technology for socio-economicdevelopment in general and agricultural development in particular bythe sharp methodology of materialist dialectics With predictions thatscience and technology will become "direct production forces,"Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx profoundly analyzed the role ofscience and technology in the development of capitalist production ingeneral, and the development of agriculture in particular Lenin was agreat successor of Marxist-Engels theories on the role of science and

technology in agricultural development He deeply analyzes the role

of science and technology in the development of commercialagriculture, particularly for the expansion of production and thedevelopment of the agro-processing industry

1.1.1.2 Ho Chi Minh thought about the role of science and technology in agricultural development

In the thought system of Ho Chi Minh for agricultural andrural development, the idea of promoting the application of scientificand technological advances to production is very special By simplestatements, simple essays and concrete actions, he clarifies theprerequisite of science and technology for the development ofagriculture According to him, only to promote the application ofscience and technology into production, the Vietnam agriculture hasjust flourished as the foundation for comprehensive socio-economicdevelopment in the countryside

1.1.1.3 The view of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the role of science and technology in agricultural development

Going up from a backward agricultural country,industrialization, modernization and development of the socialist-oriented market economy, our Party has paid special attention to thedevelopment of science and technology for agriculture Accordingly,the Party's guiding views on this issue are often supplemented andperfected by our Party in response to the demands of reality In thedocuments of the Party issued since the renovation, the issue ofpromoting research and application of achievements of modernscience and technology in agriculture is always respected by theParty Science and technology are identified by the Party as the "toppriority", which is the most fundamental motive for developing large-scale, modern and sustainable agriculture

1.1.2 Concepts and characteristics of science and technology for agriculture

1.1.2.1 Concept of science and technology for agriculture

Inherit the scientific, technological, scientific andtechnological activities concepts published in the relevant researchand have been legally defined in Article 3 of the Vietnam Scienceand Technology Law 2013, science and technology for agriculturecan be understood as follows:

Science and technology for agriculture is the system of knowledge,solutions, processes and know-how used to discover, transform, anddevelop the resources of social nature and thought to ensure agriculture is

developing in a modern and sustainable way, meeting the increasingdemand of the agricultural products of the people.

1.1.2.2 Characteristics of science and technology for agriculture

Science and technology for agriculture have the followingcharacteristics: Firstly, the speed and level of development of scienceand technology for agriculture is often slower and lower than that ofother science and technology Secondly, the development ofagricultural science and technology often relies on major biologicaland ecological advances; Thirdly, science and technology foragriculture is regional, local; Fourthly, science and technology serves

a variety of agricultural scales and levels

1.2 The concept, content and factors that affect the development of science and technology for agriculture in the Red river delta

1.2.1 Concept of scientific and technological development for agriculture in the Red River Delta

Based on analyzes and interpretations of the concept ofdevelopment and development of science and technology foragriculture, PhD students have come up with the concept ofdevelopment of science and technology for agriculture in the Redriver delta as follows: The development of science and technologyfor agriculture in the Red River Delta is a holistic approach, measuresare used by subjects to create quantitative and qualitativeimprovements, the quantity of elements and components constitutingscientific and technological resources in service of agriculture shallensure the optimal exploitation and use of resources for thedevelopment of agriculture in the region along the direction ofmodernity and sustainability

This concept shows the subject, purpose and mode of scientific and technological development in the Red river delta These factors have a close, dialectical relationship in which the development agent plays the most important role Therefore, to promote the development

of agricultural science and technology in the Red river delta, the role

of the actors, especially the role of the "four skateholders" in agriculture (state, scientists, entrepreneurs, farmers).

1.2.2 Content of scientific and technological development for agriculture in the Red River Delta

From the point of view of Marxist-Lenin political science, thecontents of scientific and technological development for agriculture

in the Red river delta include:

1.2.2.1 Development of research facilities, applications and systems of technical facilities of science and technology for agriculture

Firstly, increase the number and improve the quality of

research and application of science and technology for agriculture inthe whole region

Secondly, develop the system of technical facilities, equipment

for research and application of science and technology in agriculture

1.2.2.2 Development of human resources for science and technology for agriculture

First, increase the number of scientific and technological

human resources

Second, improve the quality of human resources science and

technology

Third, reasonable assurance of the structure of human

resources science and technology

1.2.2.3 Develop scientific and technological activities for agriculture

First, increase the number and improve the quality of scientific

and technological activities in agriculture

Second, improve the socio-economic efficiency of science and

technology in agriculture

1.2.2.4 Development of science and technology markets for agriculture

First, develop intermediate institutions of the agricultural

science and technology market

Second, develop communication activities in science and

technology for agriculture

The contents are intimately interrelated, with the first andsecond contents have aims of enhancing the potentials of science andtechnology for agriculture The third development is aimed attransforming the potential into the real power of science andtechnology for agriculture The fourth development is aimed atensuring the supply and demand of scientific products andagricultural technology

1.2.3 Factors affecting the development of science and technology for agriculture in the Red river delta

1.2.2.1 Group of objective factors

Include: Demand for modern and sustainable agriculturalcommodity development; the level of development of nationalscience and technology; political and geographical factors in the Redriver delta; agricultural and rural infrastructure in the Red RiverDelta; the development of science and technology markets inagriculture

1.2.2.2 Group of subjective factors

Include: Science and technology human resources foragriculture; labor resources in agriculture in the Red River Delta;mechanisms and policies for scientific and technologicaldevelopment in service of agriculture; investment capital forscientific and technological development in agriculture

1.3 Experiences in agricultural science and technology development in some countries and lessons for the Red River Delta

1.3.1 Experience in agricultural science and technology development in some countries

1.3.1.1 Thailand's Experience: To become one of the world's

leading agricultural exporters, the policy of developing science andtechnology for agriculture in Thailand has some notable features:

First, prioritize the development of cutting edge technologies

in agriculture The Thailand government has been promoting

agricultural biotechnology, post harvesting technology andagricultural mechanics as key fields in terms of productivity, qualityand efficiency of agriculture

Second, promote the role of the government The role of the

government is clearly expressed through the provision of many policiesthat motivate research and application of scientific and technologicaladvances to agriculture The King of Thailand also plays a huge role in thedevelopment of agricultural science and technology He was the onlyKing with many patented agricultural research projects and was the firstperson to receive the "Lifetime Achievement for Human Development"award from the United Nations

1.3.1.2 China's experience: Although only 7% of the world's

agricultural land, China has to feed 1.357 billion people, or 22% of

the world's population Therefore, China's demand for food and food

is huge To resolve this conflict, the Chinese government hasdeveloped a strategy for developing modern agriculture Theseimportant policies are:

Firstly, implementing the revolution in science and

technology China has rapidly transformed its agricultural growthmodel through the implementation of a revolution in agriculturalscience and technology

Secondly, development of science and technology development

plans suitable to each stage and each agricultural production area.China has divided its agricultural production into three phases: pre-production, production and post-production to give priority to thedevelopment of agricultural technologies

Thirdly, prioritize the development of science and technology in

township enterprises China has focused on building a network of "dragonhead" enterprises in township businesses; to accelerate the research andapplication of modern science and technology in these enterprises

Fourthly, implementation of large investment policy for

science and technology China has made major investments to realizethe goal of bringing the content of science and technology in thevalue structure of the agricultural sector to 70% by 2020

1.3.1.3 Japan's Experience: Japan is a country with

unfavorable natural conditions for agricultural production but soonbecame the country with the most modern agriculture in the world

To achieve that result, the policy of developing science andtechnology for agriculture in Japan has some remarkable points:

Firstly, prioritize the development of key technologies.

Mechanization, irrigation, biotechnology, information technology foragriculture are fields that the Japanese government has developedvery early and have reached the modern level

Secondly, strong development of agricultural research centers and institutes as the leading force in research, transfer and application of new technologies to agriculture In Japan, agricultural

research centers and institutes are set up, managed and operated in avery scientific way The linkage between research institutes anduniversities, enterprises and farmers has been implemented veryclosely, thus forming a closed chain for the research, application andtransfer of scientific and technological products