Sau vài tháng trải nghiệm công sở 8 tiếngngày, Ý Nhi (23 tuổi, Đà Nẵng) nhanh chóng cảm thấy không phù hợp. Cô cảm thấy công việc ngột ngạt, thiếu tự do mà thu nhập cũng không cao trong khi đó cô lại muốn làm việc mình thích, có thu nhập tốt và có cơ hội phát triển năng lực cốt lõi.
Trang 1UNIT 6: VIET NAM: THEN AND NOW
A TỪ VỰNG:
1 annoyed (adj) /əˈnɔɪd/: bực mình, khó chịu
2 astonished (adj) /əˈstɒnɪʃt/: kinh ngạc
3 boom (n) /buːm/: bùng nổ
4 compartment (n) /kəmˈpɑːtmənt/: toa xe
5 clanging (adj) /klæŋɪŋ/: tiếng leng keng
6 cooperative (adj) /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/: hợp tác
7 elevated walkway (n) /ˈelɪveɪtɪd ˈwɔːkweɪ/: lối đi dành cho người đi bộ
8 exporter (n) /ekˈspɔːtə(r)/: nước xuất khẩu, người xuất khẩu
9 extended family (n) /ɪkˈstendɪd ˈfæməli/: gia đình nhiều thế hệ cùng sống chung
10 flyover (n) /ˈflaɪəʊvə(r)/: cầu vượt (cho xe máy, ôtô)
11 manual (adj) /ˈmænjuəl/: làm (gì đó) bằng tay
12 mushroom (v) /ˈmʌʃrʊm/: mọc lên như nấm
13 noticeable (adj) /ˈnəʊtɪsəbl/: gây chú ý, đáng chú ý
14 nuclear family (n) /ˈnjuːkliə(r) ˈfæməli/: gia đình hạt nhân
15 photo exhibition (n) /ˈfəʊtəʊ ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/: triển lãm ảnh
16 pedestrian (n) /pəˈdestriən/: người đi bộ
17 roof (n) /ruːf/: mái nhà
18 rubber (n) /ˈrʌbə(r)/: cao su
19 sandals (n) /ˈsændlz/: dép
20 thatched house (n) /θætʃt haʊs/: nhà tranh mái lá
21 tiled (adj) /taɪld/: lợp ngói, bằng ngói
22 tram (n) /træm/: xe điện, tàu điện
23 trench (n) /trentʃ/: hào giao thông
24 tunnel (n) /ˈtʌnl/: đường hầm, cống ngầm
25 underpass (n) /ˈʌndəpɑːs/: đường hầm cho người đi bộ qua đường
B NGỮ PHÁP:
ADJECTIVE + TO -INFINITIVE/ ADJECTIVE + THAT-CLAUSE
(TÍNH TỪ THEO SAU BỞI MỘT ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU HOẶC MỘT MỆNH
ĐỀ)
1 Adjective + to-infinitive (Tính từ + động từ nguyên mẫu)
• Động từ nguyên mẫu (to-infinitive) thường được dùng sau các tính từ diễn tả phản ứng và cảm xúc như: glad, sorry, sad, delighted, pleased, happy, a/raid, anxious, surprised, shocked
Ví dụ:
Tom was surprised to see you. (Tom ngạc nhiên khi thấy hạn.)
I'm very pleased to see you here. (Tôi rất vui mùng được gặp anh ở đây.)
Trang 2• Sau một số tính từ thông dụng khác như: right, wrong, easy, difficult, certain,
welcome, careful, important, interesting, lovely, ready, lucky, likely, good, hard, dangerous, safe , và sau các tính từ trong cấu trúc enough và too
Ví dụ:
The apples are ripe enough to pick. (Những quá táo đã đủ chín để hái.)
English is not difficult to learn. (Tiếng Anh thì không khó học.)
• Sau tính từ trong cấu trúc câu nhấn mạnh với chủ ngữ giả It
It + be + adjective + to-infinitive
Ví dụ:
It's interesting to talk to you. (Nói chuyện với bạn thật là thú vị.)
It's difficult to learn Japanese. (Học tiếng Nhật thì rất khó.)
2 Adjective + that clause (Tính từ + mệnh đề that)
Mệnh đề danh từ (noun clausc) thường được dùng với các tính từ diễn tả xúc cảm, sự
lo lắng, sự tin tưởng, Ví dụ: delighted, glad, pleased, relieved, sorry, afraid,
anxious, worried, confident, certain, surprising
Subject + be + adjective + that-clause
Ví dụ:
I am delighted that you passed your exam. (Tôi rất vui vì anh đã vượt qua kỳ
thi.)
I am afraid that I can't accept this assignment. (Tôi e rằng tôi không thể nhận
nhiệm vụ này.)
C BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG:
❶ PHONETICS
I Choose the words whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that
of the others in each group
1 A trench B depressed C expect D relaxed
2 A encourage B pedestrian C embarrassed D replace
3 A delighted B continue C anniversary D situation
4 A advice B decide C impossible D likelihood
5 A collaboration B particularity C manage D activate
8 A misbehave B minor C equipment D initial
9 A relaxed B depressed C expect D pressure
10 A mention B entrance C encourage D melting
13 A populous B cosmopolitan C annoying D downtown
14 A exhausted B employed C implant D regular
Trang 315 A tradition B generation C question D fiction
16 A religion B divide C primary D comprise
17 A attended B started C persuaded D learned
18 A campus B access C underpass D backpack
19 A invention B suggestion C information D protection
20 A pedestrian B equipment C trench D elevated
21 A artisan B handicraft C attraction D authenticity
23 A versatile B layer C cookery D teacher
25 A tunnel B underpass C upgrade D university
26 A satisfied B matched C thatched D depressed
27 A consequence B obedient C demand D report
29 A weather B sympathetic C worthy D bother
30 A happens B vehicle C exhibition D exhaust
II Choose the word whose main stressed syllable is placed differently from that
of the other in each group.
1 A anniversary B emergency C cognition D emotion
4 A boundary B concentrate C remarkable D shopkeeper
5 A convinced B collaborate C particular D elevated
6 A preservation B recognition C decision D exhibition
7 A artisan B citadel C paradise D handicraft
8 A surprised B violent C dilemma D abandoned
10 A railway B initial C flyover D tolerant
12 A develop B understand C imagine D consider
13 A illiterate B communicate C entertainment D traditional
14 A programme B attendant C postman D custom
15 A importance B violence C buffalo D grandparent
❷ MULTIPLE CHOICE
I Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences
1 Survey findings that the current family remains an important production unit of society
Trang 42 Before 1975 in South Viet Nam, there 3 state universities built in cities
of Hue, Saigon, Can Tho
3 Many workers wish that they labour contracts with the companies
A were signing B sign C signed D were signed
4. On arrival at home I (find) that she just (leave) just a few minutes before
A had found – left B have found – have just left
C found – had just left D found – left
5 We wish that smart boards in our school
A was installed B would install C had installed D were installed
6 The photos by a British diplomat capture the of old bicycles crowded electric trams, the queue to buy goods and lines of barrels waiting to collect water
in the 1980s
7. After people had asked for scholars’ handwriting, they them up during the Tet festival
8 The life at that time was very difficult every family tried to buy a branch of peach blossoms to display on the Lunar New Year Festival
9 We suggest that the authorities street children from following foreign tourists in the downtown
A should stop B will stop C stopped D would stop
10.After they their breakfast, they shopping, yesterday
A have – go B had had – go C had – had gone D had had – went 11.Lacquering is a uniquely-performed in Viet Nam
A culture B craft C tradition D production
12.The art gallery will be a new visitor for the city
13.The drawing and printing techniques have been and inherited over many generations
A prevented B treated C preserved D stored
14.Peter was expelled from the volunteer team his misbehavior
A except for B because of C in spite of D regardless of 15.There is a of employment opportunities in a city
16.Skillful hand-weaving techniques of the local make Dinh An sedge mats a wonderful souvenir for visitors
A artefacts B artisans C artists D actors
Trang 517.My sister asked me to use the new washing machine.
18.Maybe we are worried about something so our keeps wandering over a particular issue
19.In the central park, there is a statue from a single block of marble
20.The bamboo used to make conical hats must be split into very thin strings and
then put into water they can avoid tearing and any breakage
A so that B therefore C because D although
21.It’s a truth that dogs can hear and see better than humans
22.To consider an idea or a suggestion before deciding to accept it is to
A face up to B take it up C look it up D go it over
23.We’d like our students to participate more in the school’s social programmes
24.“Do you your new classmate?”
A face up to B keep up with C get on with D look forward to 25.Yesterday, a policeman came and explained to us to act andwhere to get help in emergencies
26.All of my teachers, friends and relatives are asking me continually what careers I
am interested in and I'm struggling to a decision
27.In many big cities, people have to up with noise, overcrowding and bad air
28.I am unsure as to fashion designing is the right career for me
29.I wish I all the natural and man-made wonders of Viet Nam
A could visit B am visiting C Visit D will visit
30.Children in large families learn how to get with other people
31.It now seems certain
A to be an election in May B of an election in May
C that there will be an election in May D for an election in May
32.Jacqui was pleasantly surprised
A to get a B for history B if she gets a B for history
C for getting a B for history D getting a B for history
Trang 633.It can be difficult to talk to teenagers nowadays.
A with parents B for parents C to parents D of parents
34.It’s careless to let your children play with fire
35.My dad was glad his best friend again after 20 years
36.She was fully aware
A that he did not like her B of he did not like her
C for his dislike her D him not to like her
37 to think of doing it like that
A You were clever B It’s clever for you
C It was clever of you D It’s clever that you
38.She was the news of his death He was so young!
A shocked to hear B pleased to hear C relieved to hear D annoyed to hear 39.Susan was sorry
A to lose her temper B that losing her temper
C for lose her temper D that she’d lost her temper
40.It was necessary this question as soon as possible
A of us to solve B for us to solve C for us solving D of us solve
41.Vietnamese prefer riding motorbikes walking to work
than
42.It is hard us to persuade him to believe what we said
43.A lot of were built to solve the traffic jam problem at intersections
44.My friends were all extremely when they heard I’d lost my job
A tolerant B sympathetic C obedient D confident
45.Last Wednesday witnessed a sudden drop in raw oil price.
considerable
46.It was unprofessional casual clothes to the international conference
A of her to wear B for her wearing C for her to wear D of her wear
47.The very first metro is being built to the travel demands of Saigonese
48 ease traffic congestion, it is necessary to promote the development of public transport
49.I think life today is comfortable than it was in the past
A about as B a lot more C more and more D the more
Trang 750.A: How was your trip to Vietnam after 10 years?
B:
A Amazing! I couldn’t believe how much it has changed!
B Thank you for asking me.
C 10 years? It’s 11 years.
D No, I can’t tell you.
❸ WORD FORMS
I Give the correct form of the word given to complete the sentence.
1 Although they never get angry, they are not always kind or (TOLERATE)
2 Local officials have been very on working together for a
solution
(COOPERATE)
3 I tried to tell her about the awful day I’d had, but she wasn’t very _ (SYMPATHY)
4 Students are expected to be quiet and in the classroom (OBEY)
5 Boeing sells a third of its aircraft overseas, making it the biggest
in the United States
(EXPORT)
6 I see people who have opportunities I don’t have, and I get (ENVY)
7. In the past, Hanoians often went to areas by tram, which was a
very famous system
(SUBURB)
8 She has a small office that is used for discussions (PRIVACY)
9 Some ministers expressed that they could no longer travel
first class
(ASTONISH)
10 We were greatly at the news of their safe return (RELIEF)
11 is a state whereby one is unable to read and write (LITERATE)
12 Show teenagers that you respect their by knocking
on their bedroom door
(PRIVATE)
13 Reality TV has been a very successful form of mass (ENTERTAIN)
14 The needs to know what rocks the drill has reached (GEOLOGY)
15 It’s difficult to with a negative people who will do
nothing to help themselves
(SYMPATHY)
16 The Eiffel Tower in Paris is an instantly landmark (RECOGNIZE)
17 She pretends that she knows all about the latest films and art
, but it’s all a pose
(EXHIBIT)
18 The company produces computers in with a German firm (COOPERATE)
19 He is a pleasant child, but often rowdy, and rough
with others
(OBEY)
20 My biggest weakness was my lack of sympathy or for
incompetence
(TOLERATE)
❹ VERB FORMS
Trang 8I Complete each of the sentences using the correct form of a verb from the box.
see live study already/ graduate work
1. He from high school when we met him
2. She got up, breakfast, and left
3. It was a beautiful morning The sun was shining, and the birds
4. I was sure I him somewhere before, but I couldn’t remember where
5 Linda walked out ofher flat As she shut the door, she realized she the key
6 My leg started to hurt when I football
7 Minh grew up in the countryside, and he in Ha Noi for a few years in the 2010s
8 When I was a child, I didn’t know what job I to do in the future
9 The fire alarm went off when we a math lesson
10.My brother when I called him this afternoon
II Give the correct form of the verb.
1.- Are you busy this evening?
- Yes, I (meet) _Tuan at the library at seven We (study) _ together
2 When we (be) small, our family (live) in the countryside.
3 Miss Trang is in hospital.
-Yes, I know I (visit) _her tomorrow
4 I (read) _ an interesting book at the moment I (lend) _ it to
you when I finish it
5 Look at those black clouds It (rain)
6 I (not invite) her to the party because I (forget) _ her phone
number
7 The boys like (play) _ games but hates (do) _ lessons.
8 Please stop (talk) ; I (try) (finish) a letter to the
Y&Y Green Group
9 I (not go) _to his house unless you go with me.
10.Would you like (come) to a disco this evening?
III Complete the sentence with the past simple or past perfect form of the verb in brackets.
1. They (live) in Paris for 10 years before they (move) home
2. As soon as I (download) the document, I knew I (make) a mistake
3. Mary (ring) John’s doorbell at 8:15 yesterday but John
(already/ leave) the house
4. By the time the firemen (arrive), the fire (destroy)three houses
Trang 95 Our economy (not stand) a chance of developing before the government (adopt) the open-door policy
6. When I last (speak) to her, she still (not
finish)her assignment.
7. Nobody (come) to the meeting because Angela (forget)to tell them about it
8 She (go) to Disneyland three times when she (be) a little girl
9. After I (complete) the form, I (give) it to the secretary
10.Sarah (drive) three hundred miles by the time she (arrive)
in Tacoma
❺ CORRECTION
I Find ONE mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it.
1. It's difficult study in a foreign country, so students need to prepare for the experience A B C D
2. I’m tired of being told what writing about tram system in Hanoi
A B C D
3. In 1939, no more than 15 percent of all school-age children received any kind of school A B C
D
4. It’s convenient of us to take a cyclo and observe life in Ho Chi Minh City
A B C D
5. I had just finished my meal when he had called me out for dinner
A B C D
6. The menu has been already changed, but the customers are still complaining about
D
lack of variety
7. I was surprising to learn that there was a tram system in Hanoi a century ago
A B C D
8. A new rail system in Hanoi is expected to complete in the next few years
A B C D
9. You’d better to listen to each other’s ideas when living in an extended family
A B C D 10.A new advanced water treatment plant which will eventually serve 300,000
customers is A B C
now on construction
D
Trang 10II Find and correct the mistake.
1 I wish you will come to my party next week.
2 I wish it stops raining now.
3 Every country has its own custom and traditions.
4 Life will improve in those remote areas.
5 The men in my village used to catch fishes with a spear.
6 She wish she could speak English well.
7 I wish I was a doctor to save people.
8 I wish I have more time to look after my family.
9 Marriage used to arrange by parents.
10 I don’t know how speak Japanese.
❻ READING
I Choose the correct option A, B, C or D for each gap in the passage.
Living in a city has a (1) of drawbacks Firstly, there are many problems of traffic jams and traffic accidents The increase (2) _population and the increasing number of vehicles have caused many accidents to happen every day Secondly, air pollution negatively affects people’s health, and it also has a bad influence on the environment More and more city dwellers (3) from coughing or breathing problems Thirdly, the city
is noisy, even at night Noise (4) _ comes from the traffic and from construction sites Buildings are always being knocked (5) and rebuilt These factors contribute to making city life more difficult for its residents
1 A lots B great deal C number D numerous
3 A suffer B differ C recover D different
4 A polluting B polluted C pollution D pollute
II Read the passage and answer the questions below.
Hoi An ancient town (World cultural heritage)
Hoi An is an old town down the Thu Bon River, on the coastal plain of Quang Nam Province, about 30 km south of Da Nang City Hoi An used to be known the international market with many different names such as Lam Ap, Faifo, Hoai Pho and Hoi An
What is so special about Hoi An is that this little port town is in an incredible state of preservation It offers some of the most densely-concentrated sights in Viet Nam with its old streets bordered with ancient houses and assembly halls, its pagodas, temples, ancient wells and tombs In total, more than a thousand places of interest The architecture of Hoi An is characterised by a harmonious blend of Vietnamese, Chinese and Japanese influences After many centuries, Hoi An is still