Tìm hiểu phong tục bầu hậu phật ở tỉnh thái nguyên qua nguồn tư liệu văn bia

girip vi€c nghi6n cuu v€ phong tuc bdu Hflu o c6c tinh tl6 duryc thuAn lgi.. voi nhtng tu liQu vdn bia moi tu vi6c brin ng6i Hiu Phit c6 tr6n dla bdn cua tinh, g6p phin ldm phong phil ch

39f.+4 01t91)t

rinr nrtu PHoNG ruc nAu HAU pHAT

NGUYEN HtPU MUt'

l DIt vAn dd

vd phong tgc biu Hdu (bao gtim Hdu Ph4t,

Hau Thin, Hdu Hidn, Hdu TQc ) clang thu

htt sy quan tim cira gidi nghidn criu trong

Bic 86, nhu Bic Ninh, Hdi Ducmg, Hrmg

Y6n B6c Giang Vinh Phrlc Hir Ndi v6n

,:

ddo girip vi€c nghi6n cuu v€ phong tuc bdu

Hflu o c6c tinh tl6 duryc thuAn lgi Cric tinh

cdn l4i, trong d6 c6 Th6i Nguydn chua

cAp d6n v6n AC aO voi nhtng tu liQu vdn

bia moi tu vi6c brin ng6i Hiu Phit c6 tr6n

dla bdn cua tinh, g6p phin ldm phong phil

cho nhAn thuc vd phong tuc bAu Hiu Phdt o

nudc ta.

2 Ngudn tu li$u

2 1 Strfugt vi illa gflti tfinh Thdi Nguyin

Tinn Th6i Nguy6n duoc thdnh l6p vdo

nim 1831, trong c6ng cuQc crii c:ich hdnh chinh cta vua Minh Mgnh (1820-1840)'

Vd vi tri <lia l!, s6ch Dqi Nam nh,lt thiing

chi Xrh'tiit, b0 tlia chi bi€n sosn dudi tri6u Tu Dr?c (1848-1883), cho bi6t tinh

Thrii Nguydn vC "doi Utng Vuong xua [d

vir chdu V6 Nga Nu6c ta, tloi Lf ld chnu

trin Thrii Nguydn Thdi thu6c Minh ld phu

[ ] Nam \{nh Lac thu 5 moi d6i tr6n

Thrii Nguy6n ldm chdu 16 vdo Ty 86 chrinh nem thu 6 thSng lirm phu: nim thu 17 g6m

huyQn Tu N6ng vdo huy6n YOn Dinh, huyQn

D4i Tt vio huy6n Tuy€n H6a":

Cing theo Dqi Nam nh rh6ng chi.ttnh

niy lnnh 6 huy0n: Tu N6ng, DQng [D6ng]

-

TS., ViQn Nghi€n cuu Hrln N6m

Tdn dt: Thdng qtsa 25 vin bia do Hqc Vi6n Vi6n D6ng BAc C6, Vien Nghidn cuu Hdn N6m vd Sd

Vdn h6a, Thri thao va Du lich Th6i Nguy€n slru tim trudc d6y, bdi vitit tli siu nghi€n cr?u phong tuc biu

H6u Ph6t cria tinh Th6i NguyCn, trong d6 ndu hiQn tuqng da,ng chf f li vigc brim ngdi H4u Ph{t tung di6n ra tr€n tlia bdn cta tinh Tri tl6 chi ra didm gi6ng vir khdc nhau gita vigc brin ngdi H{u Ph6t voi biu

ngdi Hau Phat r€n dia ban tinh Th6i Nguydn, ldm phong phrl cho nhdn thirc vd phong tuc bAu Hau Phir

o nudc ta trudc day.

Ti khda: Phong tyc biu Hdu Ph6t, tinh Thdi Nguy€n, biu H4u Phit, bdn ng6i Hau Phat

Abstract; Thro'tgh 25 units of tablet inscription previously collected by the Ecole frangaise

d'Extr€me-Orient (EFEO), the Institute of Sino-Nom studies and the Deparnnent of Culture, Sports and

Tourism of Thai Nguyen province, the article delves into the customs of electing the Hau Phat in Thai Nguyen province from which raises the remarkable phenomenon of reselling the Hau Phat title once

took place in the province From this perspective, the article points out the similarities and differences between reselling and electing of the Hau Phat title in Thai Nguyen province, enriching the knowledge ofthe electing Hau Phat custom in our country.

Kevwords: The custom of electing Hau Phat, Thai Nguyen province, electing Hau Phat, reselling

the Hau Phat title

rAP cHi n-,ix n0u s6 4 Utt) - zozz NGUYEN HVU MUI

nIm 1890 cit v6 tinh Wnh Y€n), Pht Luong,

Dai Tu vir mQt phAn ld chdu Chi6m H6a;

pht Ting H6a ldnh I chdu ld Dinh Chdu vd

3 huyQn: Vdn Lnng, Dai Tri vd Phti Lucmg;

phri Thdng H6a ldnh I huyQn (huyOn Cim

H6a) vd chdu Bach Th6ngr

Thtii Nguydn

Tir diu thai kj,XX cho d6n nhirng nrm

20 cta the ky XXf , Hgc Vi€n Viin D6ng

hinh suu tAm nr li6u ven bia tr6n dia bAn tinh, hiQn nay thu tlugc 200 vin bia Dga tren s6 ligu niy, chring toi d6i chii5u gifta ba

loai ra nhtng v6n bia c6 n6i dung tdng

nhau, l6p bing Thdng k6 vln bia bdu Hiu

Phat rini Th6i Nguy6n, ldm cdn ct cho biri ,1

vret nay

ST

T

TOn ngudn tu liQu Noi d{t Ntrm dqng Kj hifu

(th{c bin)

C0 quan suu tAm

I Hdu Phd bi A/BAry fi6n tv

sv |L/fr4it-t t-tlic* Chta xi Ti€n phongGi6 Trung

thi xn Ph6 YEn

Chinh Hda thu l6 ( 1695)

N"l039l-92 EFEO

1 Hdu Phdt bi bi tLtlF+aL Th6n Lf Nhrin

xd C6t Ng4nh huy€n Ph6 Y6n

Bdo Th6i thri

5 (1724)

N"10273 EFEO

-l (V6 dA) ArE Chia Tiy Phric

(chta Vdn Trai)

xa Tan Phu thi

xa Ph6 Ycn

Canh Tj, ni6n hi€u Crinh Hmg ( I 780)

N"48073-4 VNCHN

-1 Tri bi Hdu Phqt A$ft& Xa Kim Tinl

huy€n Ti€n Phtc (nay ld

chira Kim Tinh

x6 Trung-fhdnh thi xn Ph6 Y6n

Cinh Hung

rht 42 ( l78l)

5 Hd.uPhdtbiW 1L4fi4iL Chr)a Linh Phrlc

xd Thinh C6ng huy€n PhO YCn

Cdnh Thinh thu 9 ( 1801)

N"48059 EFEo

huygn Tu N6ng (nay ld chua L[

Ydn xd Ddo X6 huy6n Phri Binh

Minh MQnlr

tht l2 ( l83l)

2OIDTKHI8/

20174

SVHTN

't H,iu Ph,At bi bi lL4t,+il Chta Uc Son.

thi tr6n Huong

Son huyQn Phu

Binl

Minh M€nh thu l9 (1838)

N"48080-81 \.NCHN

li Hdu Phdt bi 4*-1t,4 Chta Ki6n

Phric xd Luu X6 tong I uc uuyen

huyQn D6ng H!

Tlr Dtc thri 3

( l8s0)

9 Hdu Pkir bi E lf,4 Chta Ki€n

Phtc xd Luu X6

tOng Tuc.Duy0n huy€n D6ng Hy

Tu Dric thu 6

( 1853)

N"20298 F,FFO

TiM HIEU PHoNG TUC BAU HAU PHAT O TiNH

t0 Hau Phdt bi W E4*14iL Chta Kiiin

Phric xi Luu X6 tdng Tuc Duy€n huy€n D0ne Hi

Tu Dfc tht

22 (1869)

N"20297

tl Hdu Phat bi ky E hl,4i{ Chta Quang

Hoa xi Quang Vinh tdng Tric Duy6n huyQn

Ddng Hi

Thinh Th6i thf 2 (1890)

N"20324 EFEO

I2 Hdu PhAt bi kv E 4t,4iL Chua Quang

Hoa xd Quang

Vinh t6ng T[c

Duy6n huyQn DOne Hi

Thinh Th6i

thr 2 (1890)

l3 Hdu Phdt bi 84t,4 Chta Linh Son

thdn Vin Ngo4i

xd Cam Gi6 t6ng DQng Bang huyQn

D6ng Hi

ThAnh Thdi

thf 2 (1890)

N"20304 EFEO

1,1 Hdu Phat bi kj' E 4t,4zL Chta Linh Son

thdn V6n Ngo4i

xi Cam Gi6 tring DQng Bang huyQn

Ddng Hi

Thinh Th6i thir l0 ( 1898)

N"20103 EFEO

I5 Hdu Phdt bi hj, trS-4k4=L Chta Pht Ch6n

xn Phir LiEn tong t uc l-ruyen huyOn Ddng Hi

I uat- nren

hi€u Thanh rhei ( 1898)

l6 HQu Phdt bi hi lLtff,$'aL Xi Quang

Vinh t6ng Ttc

Duy6n huyQn

Ddng Hi

Khrii Dinh thu 4 ( l9l9)

No.20324 EFEO

4iL

Chta Phuong

86 xd Ddn Ti6n

huy6n Vd Nhai

Duy Tdn thu

2 ( l e08)

2 t 6/DTKH I tii 2011

SVHTN

l8 Hdu Phat bi bj, Eit,qiL ChUa Hang thi

tr6n Chg Chu

huy4n Dinh H6a

Duy Tan thf

3 ( l90e)

2I4IDTKH l8/

20t7

SVHTN

19 Hdu Phdt bi xya E 1t,4iL Thdn Vin

Ngoai xd Cam Gi6 t6ng Tuc Duy€n huygn Ddng Hj,

Duy T6n thri

7 ( l9l3)

20 Hdu Phat bi ki E1f,4iL Chta Phn Chen

xd Pht LiEn huy€n D6ne Hi

Bdo Dai tht 5

(1e30)

EFEO

ll Hdu Phat bi b, E l*,qaL Chta Pht Ch6n

xd Phi Li6n huyen Ddng Hi

Bao D?i tht

l6 ( l94l)

N"20330 EFEO

22 Hdu Phdt bi ki 1L4t,41L Chta Quang Bao Dai th{r N.20326 EFEO

EFEO

N"20329

TAP CHi HAN NoM s6 4 11.73) - 2022 NGUYEN HUU MUI

Hoa xd Quang

Vinh t6ng Tuc Duy6n huyQn

Ddne Hi

18 ( 1943)

-J Hau Phar bi hj, E $ft+-iL Chira Quang

Hoa xd Quang

Vinh t6ng Tuc Duy€n huyQn

D6ng Hi

Bdo Dai thri

l8 ( r943)

(chta Vdn Trai)

xd T6n Pht thi

xd Ph6 Y6n

Ki6ng ghi ni6n dai

r32IDTKHl8/

2017

SVHTN

25 Hau Phat bi t i E4t,4il Chta Hd Chdu

x6 Ha Ch6u huy€n Ph[ Binh

Kh6ng ghi ni6n tlai

23IDTKHIS/

2017

SVHTN

4iLl ++!iL$, tao nam Chinh Hda thu

16 (1695), kilt thrlc voi Hdu Phdt bi kj' E

4f,4iL, tao nem Bdo Dai thu 18 (1943)

o tinh Thrli Nguy6n di6n ra trong khoang hai th6 ky ruoi, gin voi giai cloan cu6i ctng trong ho4t dQng bdu Hflu (Hau Phat, Hau

Thdn, Hfu Hi6n, Hiu TQc ) cria nguoi

Kinh o vtng dting bing B6c BQ.

Cing theo th6ng k6, c6 5 vdn bia do

chtng t6i su dung trong bdi viiit, vi day te

nhtng vdn bia chua tlugc EFEO vir

' :

dung trong bal vlel nay

2.4 Thdnh phin tham gia biu Hgu

Dua theo th5ng k€ cho th6y thirnh

phin tham gia biu H4u Phdt cria tinh bao g6m chinh quy6n clia phuong vd ngu<ri tluoc

,I -.^

bau

Hau-:

V6 phia chinh quy6n tlia phuong, g6m ciic vi quan vi€n, huong lio, xd.th6n tnrong

D-6y ld nhirng vi c6 vai trd quy€t dinh trong bdu Hau tai tlia phuong ChEng han nhu

Hda thu 16 (1695), cho bi6t: " Cric vi quan vi6n, huong lio, xd th6n trudng th6n Trung,

g6m Hodng Mdu Trinh, Duong VIn Minh,

2.3 NhQn xA vA vdn bia biu HQu

PhQt tinh Thrii NguyAn

Theo s6 lieu trong biing th6ng k€, toirn

phong tuc bdu vdL brin ng6i H4u Phit, phdn

b6.tai cric huydn D6ng Hj: 14 bia; thi xi

Ph6 Y6n:6 bia; huy6n Phu Binh: 3 bia;

huydn Vd Nhai vir Dinh H6a, m6i noi I bia

Toin b6 25 vin bia ld cua nguoi Kinh, s6ng

rii rric t?i virng <liing bing vd trung du cta

tinh 36 luong vin bia nhu vdy o mric

tr€n t6ng s6 200 uan bia cta todn tinh,

chi6m ry le 12.5% (25t2OOl Ty l€ ndy n6u

so v6i tj, lt vin bia Hau Ph|t cua tinh Vinh

trung du nhu Thrii Nguydn thi chi bing non

nta, do Vinh Phic c6 254 vln bia H{u Phdt

tr6n t6ng sti 937 cua tinh, dat d lll 27,l%

(2541%7)5 Nilu so vdi cric tinh dring bing

Bic BQ lA noi c6 nhidu van bia H{u Phit

nhu Bic Ninh, Hai Duong, Hrmg Y6n ,

ch6c chin ty l0 ndy cdn thAp hon Giii thich

Kinh trong khi nguoi Kinh sinh s6ng o

Th6i Nguydn it hon so voi cric tinh vtng

<I6ng bang Bic 86 kh6c

Vd ni6n tt4i, v[n bia Hiu Phat cua tinh

ddtlit Hdu Phdt bi kj'/ Bdn rh6n u str trL4*,

TiM HIau pHoNG TUC BAU HAU PHAT O TiNH

Dic Danh, Hohng Quang Duc, Duong VIn

An Nguy6n Ti6n Toirn Nguy€n C6ng

Hung, Nguy6n VIn Tii, Nguy6n Kim Kh6i,

HoAng Dnng Tri6u hQi hop, bin viQc b6u

H0u Phal'0

N6u biu Hiu Phdt o nhidu th6n thi

d€n cilc th6n trong xe, nhu o xd C6t Ha,

huyQn Phd Y€n: "Ciic vi quan vi6n, Trum

truong cta ba thdn trong xi, g6m Thich

Ti6n Tuoc Nguy6n Titln Tuong Nguy6n

Girin, Trdn Nhu Trung, Trdn Eing Ti6n,

OO Vitlt Khorit, Luong Vi6t Pht, Luong

Vi6t Vn, Nguy6n Tiiin Khoa, Ddo Dlng D6,

Luong Vitit Binh, Nguy6n Bri Dug, Luong

Vtru Mi, Nguy6n Hiru Ldm ctng todn th6

mqi ngudi tr6n dudi trong th6n biu H4u

Phaf'7 Su hi6n di6n cta cric thdnh phAn dgi

di6n cho ldng xi nhim <tdm b6o tinh c6ng

khai, ddng thoi dem lai niAm tin cho nguoi

tluqc biu Hau Phat

hign diOn cria h9 ld cAn thi6t dii hai phia

din ling holc cho chua 56 tai sin ndy bao

g6m nhimg gi, s6 lugng bao nhi6u, dtng vio

mqc ttich gi, quy6n lgi tluoc hudng nhirng

gi, ttriu do hai b6n th6a thu|n, c6 lcl nhfln ho{c

-.i , ,I ,( x,

-di€m chi o phdn cudi m6i vln bia Di6u ndy

vd tinh thdn cua ngudi tlugc biu Heu Phat

ld chic ch6n kh6ng chi vcri bin th6n ho, md

tham gia bAu Hau Phat

2.5 Itinh thnc biu HQu

HinI thuc biu Hiu Phat ctu tinh Thrii

cri nhdn vi bdu tdp th6

BAu cri nhdn thuong ld bAu mQt lin cho

m6t nguoi hoic cho m6t cap vo ch6ng

Crich niy thuong di6n ra d6i voi nhtrng vi

c6 c6ng iluc kh6 gii cho dia phuong Tuy

nhi6n, so voi nhiAu tinh o vtng d6ng bing Bic B0, ching han nhu Bic Ninh, c6

nhtng vl nhu D6 Th5i gi6m Ph[ Qufln c6ng

hq Nguyen m6t "dai gia" n-rng c6ng duc s6

tdi sin rAt lon, g6m l0 luqng bac n6n, 2

miu ruQng, 84 cdy 96 lim, 50 chi6c xd dung xAy dr,mg chta Ph6p Linh8, thi tai Th6i Nguydn chua gap nhfng "d4i gia" niu th6

<lcm gidn ld vi nhtng nguoi g6p c6ng tlftc d

ddy cdn o muc khi€m t6n

C6 th6 dAn trudng hqp cta bd hiQu DiQu Trgng, nguoi th6n Vln Ngoai, xi Cam

ThAnh Thei thu 2 (1890), bi tu nguy€n bo

ra 50 quan tidn ctng 5 sdo ru6ng lirm kinh

phi ru b6 chta Linh Son Duong thoi tldy ld

dia phuong trong l[c k]r6 khAn khi6n

Hau Phat, ghi tren bia H,iu Phqt bi E4*,4 e.

xa Pht.Li6n, t6ng Ttc Duydn, huyQn Ddng

Hy, xudt gia tdi cria nhir, g6m 200 d6ng b4c

ctrng m6t miu ruQng cho dia phuong ru b6 chta Phir Chdn D6i lai, bd Di6u Tam clu-o c quan vi6n, huong lio cta xi Phir Li6n t6n

biu bd vd chdng, t€n tu Truc Luong ctng tdm Hdu Phdtro.

nhmg do c6ng tluc voi din mi tluo c biu

hi6u Di6u NQi QuC bi tai xd Phuong Mio,

huyQn Si6u Lo4i, phir Thu6n Thdnh, tinh

Bic Ninh, th6y chta Quang Hoa cria xd Quang Vinh, t6ng Ttc Duy6n trii mua n[ng dii ddu ldm hai, trong khi nguoi dAn

nguy€n xuit gia tdi 150 d6ng bac dtng tu

b6 chia Crim kich truoc c6ng tltc d6,

huong tho tai chta Quang Hoall.

l8), cfing tai chta Quang Hoa, m6t vi phu

nir (k}6ng rd tOn vir t6n hiQu, do bia bi mo

mdn), qud t6ng Binh LIng, phu Thuong

TAP cHi H,c.N NdN{ sii 4 ott) - zozz NGUYEN HUU MiI

Tin, tinh Hd D6ng, c6ng duc sd tidn 150

dting bac, dirng tu sua chtra ndy, <lugc nguoi

ddn dia phuong t6n bdu ldm Hau Phat, ghi

Biu Hiu tOp th6 ld biu mQt ldn cho nhidu

nguoi voi dac tli6m nhfng vi duo c bdu

thudng c6 s6 cira cii tl6ng g6p blng nhau vd

it hon so voi bdu cri nhan C6ng dirc cua h9

duo c gQp chung bing m6t s6 luong cu th€

ndo d6 cho tAt cd moi nguni

Crlch bdu ndy th6y som nhAt ghi trcn

nghia thudng tinh tt c6 chi kim, ld 16

hi0u Tt D6n; bd ho Vn, hi6u Di6u Tinh; bn

ho L€, hi6u Di6u Vi6n; 6ng ho L6, tu Phric

Ddi: bi ho hiQu Dicu Tril bd h9 Trin.

hipu Tir Nghi6m; 6ng Ng6 C6ng Hni, qu

Phric Tin; 6ng Trdn Thai , hiCu XuAn Hii;

bd h9 Ng6, hisu Tt Tai; bi hq Phi, hi€u

DiQu Trang; bd h9 Nguy6n, hieu DiQu

Nguydn; bi hq Tran, hi6u Di€u Tric; bd hg

L€, hi€u Di6u T6u; bd h9 Trin, hiqu Tt

ho Nguy6n, hi6u Di6u Hoa; bd hQ Nguydn,

bd h9 Trdn, hiQu DiQu Linh; bd hg Trdn,

hi€u Di_6u H6i ld nhimg nguoi c6 ldng

luong thi6n o <loi, thu6c c6c ddng h9 lon

bi, khoi sU bii thi, phrit tAm 86 <l€, cirng b6

kh6 khin, lai cip thdm ru6ng [ ], luu lai

c6ng duc 6y thi kh6ng th6 so sei Vi th6 ban

th6n t6n biu ldm HAu PhAt, khic vdo bia iki,

tuong nhd t6i nguoi c6ng duc!"

: - ,.

g6m nt gidi vd nam gi6i, g6p chung s6 tai

sin hon 60 xdu tidn, tai b6 ra sii ru6ng (s6

ru6ng niy do bia bi mo kh6ng.rO s5 luongl

n6n duoc bAu lim Hdu Phdt N€u li hon 60

xdu tidn, chia tldu 20 vi, m6i vi ctng chi

hon 3 quan thi chua phii td nhiAu so voi

biu c6 nh6nra

Hdu Phdt bi ld, E4*,4iL, cho bi6t: vdo ni6n hiQu Minh M0nh thri 19 (1838), nhin

tu b6 chtra Linh Son, thdn Linh Son, xi

Huong Son, huyQn Ph[ Binh, c6 5 vi t(n vli,

g6m hiQu Di0u Kim; hi6u DiQu YOn; hiQu Di€u Hda: hi6u Digu Trinhr hiQu DiQu Bing.

m6i vi b6 ra 10 quan tidn c6 ctng mdt thua ru6ng (khdng ghi sti dign tich cria m6i thta)

ldm H6u Phdt's

3 NQi dung bAu Hiu

3.1 Biu HQu cho ngrdi gtip c6ng tttc

xdy d4rng vd tu bd chia

Cfrng nhu hdu h6t c6c ldng xd o vtng

d6ng bing Bic 86, nhu ciu xAy drmg chta

Hau Phir o Thrii Nguy6n Phat gido truydn

nguy6n, tuy Thii Nguy6n kh6ng phdi la noi

tdm Luy LAu cira tinh B6c Ninh, nhmg noi

tldy c6 nhi6u ng6i chia rlu-o;c xdy dpg tt

khri sdm ViQc xdy dpng chira do cdn ngudn

kinh phi lon ndn theo phong tyc truydn

dric sE duoc ddn d6p bing crich bAu ldm Hdu Phdt

Tu liQu s6m nh6t ghi nhAn nguoi c6 cdng duc xdy dung chua dugc biu ldm Hiu Phit ctia tinh, t6 chric viro ndm Chinh Hda

lry/Bdn th6n nr su &ifra+iLl iit,ie$, 0at

t4i chia Da Thr), th6n Trung, xd Gi6 Lai, huy€n HiQp Hda (nay thu6c xi TAn Phong,

Le Thi Bic, nguoi xl Dgc Tiiin, huy6n Si€u

TiM HrEU pHoNc ruc BAU HAU PHAT o riNH

vo d th6n Trung, xi De Thu, mu6n ldm

rgng rO cdng lao td tdng, luu su nghi6p cho

con ch6u, b6 ra 50 quan tidn st xdy drmg

chta DE Thtr, gdm 4 gian 2 chrii Sau tt6

6ng tiiip tgc hmg c6ng, tl6ng g6p m6t cAy

96 tlm lon cho tlinh cta th6n Ong tai mua

th0m hai thta ruQng giao cho din canh tdc

lim Hdu Ph6tr6.

Chta trrii thoi gian mua gi6 bio mdn,

din dtin d6 n6t, cin tluo c trung tu cfrng la li

do phdn rinlr tr6n vin bia cta tinh Nhirng vi

b6 tidn cria trtng tu chta duo,,c d6n tang bAu

lirm Hiu Phat ghi o nhidu vln bia Nhu viro

Son d th6n Vin Ngoai, xi Cam Giri, huypn

Phri Binh bi xu6ng cAp, bd hiQu Digu Trgng,

ngu<ri ban thon cung 50 quan tidn st 5 sdo

ru6ng ldm nlru phi tu b6 chta, bir dugc bdn

th6n biu tim Hflu Ph{t'7

tga l4c d th6n Linh Son, xd Huong Son,

huygn Phu Binh, viro nhm Minh MCnh tht

nim, m6t s6 tin vdi, nhu bd hi6u Di6u Kim,

I i.

ba hrqu Drgu Yen gom 4 nguor mol

nguoi b6 ra l0 quan tidn c6 vi m6t thua

ru6ng lim nhu phi tu bd chta ndy, th6n

Linh Son tdn biu b6n vi t?rm HAu Phitrs

tu chta, lai b6 kinh phi

t6 tuqng Phar duqc biu

Hau Phat, thdy vrio nim

Mflu Tu6t ni€n hi6u Thd,nh

ThAi (1898), khec tren

r$?a theo d6, chi"ra Phii

tong I uc uuyen nuygn

Dting Hy bi hu h4i, cric

pho tugng o d6y do trii

Hoic c6 c6ng trtng tu gic chudng

cluo c bAu hm Hflu Phit, nhu tai chria Pht Chin, xi Pht Li0n, t6ng Ttc Duydn, huy6n

l6 ( l94l ), bit dAu sua chfta g6c chu6ng ci,

do t6n k6m tidn cria, bd hi€u Di6u Bdn, qud

<l6ng b4c cing 5 sdo ru6ng lim nhu phi d€

tu sta gric chu6ng2o

khdn giip ddn C6 thii n6i, trong quil khu, ldng xi nguoi

Kinh o wng tl6ng bing Bic 86 thuong xuy€n phii dt5i mat voi kh6 kh[n

",! t<intr tC

boi nhi,.iu lf do klr6c nlau Trong b6i crinh

I l

dung thi ttuoc tdng xn biu lim Hflu Ph|t

Truong hqp bd Ld Thi Lai, hi6u DiQu Tich 0

Ydn lir nhu viy, vi viro nlm Crinh Hung thu

42 (1781), ddn xd g[p kh6 khdn, kh6ng c6

tidn cria chi dung, bd lidn b6 ra 6 quan tidn c6 vi 2 sdo ru6ng giao cho dAn ldm tai sdn chung Bi tluoc ddn xl bdu lim Hdu Phdt,

ghi trcnbia TribiHqu Pha.t Ea+Giff,')t Hay d6ng g6p ti6n cho ling xi chi

dtng vi€c binh, c6ng vi€c ndy o cric dla phuong khric thudng dugc bAu ldm Hdu

rhin, phdi tho 6 dinh ling, o dny ld bAu

lim Hpu Phat, tho tgi chta, nhu vdo ndm

Vinh t6ng Thuong Hoa huyfn D6ng Hy phdi c6p luong nu6i qudn Bd Nguy6n Thi Mi6n, nguoi ptr6 ptrh Li6n thu6c bdn huy€n [huy6n Dting Hy] xuit 100 quan ti,!n, c6ng th6m 2 miu 2 s?ro ruQng lirm nhu phi cho c6ng vi6c kC tren Su kiQn niry ghi tr€nbia HQu Phdt bi lai E 1*, ,+ iL ".

3.3 Bdn ngdi HQU

clugc <16 cap trong c6ng trinh Mfi s6 vdn

di vi vdn bia ViQt Nam cia Trinh Khic

M4nh, t6c gi6 cho bi6t: "tu "mua H{u" hay

lAu doi- cin duOc sria sans- ven bia beu ns6i Hiu Phar

t6 vE bd trigu olgu rrangl 'n'oil,11o3'fo',''*t

nguoi brin xd, xuit gia

vdo c6ng vi€cle

rAP CHi HAN !i6u s6 4 ( 173) - 2022 NGUYEN HUU MUI

"bdn H{u" trong c6c

vln bia xudt hiQn rdt it

vd n6u c6 chi xu6t

hiQn vdo giai do4n

muQn '' I rong van

bia tinl Thrii Nguy6n

nhu th6, d6u dtng

bing chir "Mai / F ",

d6 chi vi6c "brin" ng6i

Hau Ph|t c0a tinh

Truons hon thu van bir bdn ns6i Hiu PhAr

cho be NsulEn Thi Huan

nhdt, Ht)u ph<it bi E rN'.2oloor

4k4, t4o nim Ty Duc tht 3 (1850), cta xa

ghi: "Nhdn viQc thay linh nhr.mg kh6ng c6

c6 bir TrAn Thi Hudn, nguoi bin xi b6 ra 20

nhit tri thurin tinh tl6ng 1i b6n cho bd Trin

Thi Hu6n ilugc gti gi6 tsi chim/ 6+n+

* 6 @ 4\/E/+ n ft* *ilt* K#t * + t

4\

^bF

h n niri- -/lH'B,t'e F,El'*

*"9t+,:e-E++"'11.

rf, tao n[m Tu Duc thu 6 (1853), cta xe

ghi: "Do quan dfch, kh6ng c6 tiiin vin, kh6

Thdn bd ra 20 quan ti6n chi dtng viQc quan

Ben xa nh6t fi, thqan tinh, d6ng j brin cho bd

hiQu DiQu Thdn ng6i Hflu Phit/ e AlE lk-4^

fr &t4.\#* n ftt\ ifl*, a\*4bF vt

A) n k +ir- - n['ll R * a +; gP 16"2s .

Truong hqp th't ba, HQU Phqt bi bj, E

lkqiL, t?o nem Tu Dftc thu 22 (1869),

cia xi Luu X6, t6ng Tric Duy6n, huy6n

Ddng Hti, ghi: "Nh6n viQc thay linh, kh6ng

d6ng j brin ng6i Hiu PhAt cho bd tdn hiQu

DiQu Luong do bir bo ra s6 tidn 20 quan/

E* fr *frr*.{x!t+n 4k t-iLR.F *E

itr, + *)' )rk+ * 4\fl"14 f "':6.

Truong hgp thu nr, HAu PhQt bi lq, b1*,

*it, tao ndm Thtu:rh Th6i thu l0 (1898),

cua th6n Vin Ngogi xi Cam Giri t6ng Ddng Bang, huydn Dting Hf, ghi: "Moi nguoi trdn

duoi ba th6n hQi hgp bdn ng6i Hdu Ph4t NhAn ba th6n tu sua tucmg Ph|t, ti5n ti6n kh6 nhidu md cta cii trong th6n thi it, ngudi lgi thua, thuc kh6 chu cAp Nay c6 bd hp

phrit hing tdm, d6ng f b6 ra 100 quan tidn

thuin tinh, tl6ng y cho b6 be, lu Phtc Hda,

me bi hi6u DiQu T(n ldm Hiu Pha, A:it

JT + * * 3"t ee E 1fr !*- & * *+ Ft t* tslt, l*lFXtA ?,fr *+ttt Y *tftl9r+Ft.+e

fr fr N t lrLK+rr-6 J(,{-,ls,tjl"C * 4it {

a 6 F w a aUn tU = l+ - - )tA ti FE-+ v

4atu+{'li i41L4t"'11

Truong hqp thu ndm, HQU phQt bi bj,

lLl*,4iL, tao n[m Dinh Hgi28, cria xi Hd

mdt tda tuong Phit cua chtra xi phi r6n hoi nhiAu, ddn xd nhAt tri thudn brin cho ti6n

boi m6i hq b6 ra l0 quan tiAn vin vd 4 sdo

B-'L- - ttA * *)e.,* *,8 + ,e,E itr, h *

,ri{JAf EwA"re Sau it6 liQt k6 ngdy

gi6 cta 24 vi ti€n linh tham gia vdo viQc

mua ng6i Hau phat cta xe

Trong 5 truong hqp kii trdn, c6 4 trudng hqp bdn ng6i Hflu Ph{t cho crl nhdn,

I truong hqp brn ngdi H6u Phit cho tdp th6.

Ddy ld hiQn tuqng tht vi phd.,n rinh trong

phong qc bAu Hau Phat cua tinh Th6i Nguyen

3, 4 Quyin lgi ctfia hai phia

Dt <lugc biu hoac mua ng6i Hdu Phit, quy6n lgi vd nghia 4r cta hai phia tltu

tlugc x6c dinh, theo tl6:

+ Phia chinh quydn ting xl: Ho thu

tlugc s6 tdi srin do nguoi thu huong Hdu Phat cung tiiin, g6m tiiin vd ru6ng Sii cia

cai ndy du n}idu hay it ddu thudc quydn so

ldng sd st dung ngudn tii sdn tl6 ldm c6ng ]

riM Hrtu pHoNc rUC BAU HAU pH4r o riNH

chta, t4o gric chudng, tO tugng Phit, hoic

trq gitp ki6 khf,n cho din Ttc s6 tii sin

<16ng ling xi, voi quy tlinh vd sau kh6ng ai

dugc ildi hodc chu6c lqi s6 tdi sdn di cung

tiiin Ban xd cam k6t sC tho cfng Hflu Phd-t

ldu diri Cdn nguoi niro dung tdm chi6m

doqt ho{c ph6 hoai tiri s6n s6 bi xt l! theo

phrip ludt

thuc: "ltc s6ng huong biilu, khi ch6t huong

tho" Tuy nhi6n, didu niy chi 6p dung v6i

biu c6 nhdn, hoqc cii nhdn mua ng6i Hdu,

voi s6 c6ng duc tidn cta bo ra kh6 lon mcri

dip lC ti6t trong nem khi h9 cdn s6ng, l0c

nhau Ching han tl6i voi bd Trdn Thj Hudn,

nhu trinh bdy nguoi xi Luu Xri xu6t 20

s6ng bi ttugc ddn ldng Luu X6 quy dinh

trong "g6i thiu" bing crich: hing nim vio

hai ngriy lQ ldng, m5i lQ bd tluqc bi6u I

khoanh thit g6y bd hoqc griy lon, I mdm c6

nli,lu m6n, I g6i triu cau, I hti rugu Khi

trem tu6i flric m6t], brin xi chinh bi6n 16 vit,

gdm I con tqn, I mdm x6i, I n6 ruou Khi

lim 16 theo nghi thucso.

Hoic nhu biu Hiu Ph6r cho tap thd 5

nguoi voi s6 tiin cua d6ng g6p it hcm m6i

vi b6 ra l0 quan vd 1 thira ru6ng, dung tu

b6 chta Linh Son o th6n Linh Son, xi

Huong Son, huy6n Phri Binh: trong "g6i

thiu" niy, ddn ldng quy tlinh khi 5 v! cdn

nam, thuQc lC hdi cta ldng bi6u m6i vi I

huong biiiu Vdo ngiry gi6 biQn I con gd, I

be ruqu, I mim x6i, 500 virng mi, I g6i

triu cau, do nhd chta ldm gi63r

Kh6ng chi c6 vdy, nguoi thg huong

Hiu PhQt lai tlu-o c bi6u duong phdm gi6,

khlc cdng trpng l€n

^bia dmg o chira, noi

tl6ng nguoi qua lai tl6 mgi nguoi trong lang

ctng l6u ddi voi nhDng cam k6t khong bao

gio thay d6i Di6u ndy ghi nh{n tren tat ca

van bia du nguoi d6 dugc biu Hdu Phrit

holc tu b6 ti6n cta tl6 mua ng6i Hau Phat

thin moi ld chinh di5i voi ngudi duo c thu huong ng6i Hiu Phit d tinh Th6i Nguy€n

l x6t lu6n

Phong tqc bAu Hiu Phat cta tinh Thei

Hau Phat cta c6c tinh vtng d6ng bing Bic

B0 tdn tai trong giai doan tu cu6i th6 ki

XVII cho dtin thap ni€n 40 cta th6 kti xx.

duc d6ng g6p tidn cta chua nhidu nhmg di

gidi quyiit nhu ciu tinh thAn cta nguoi ddn

trong vtng khi hg tluoc thg huong ng6i Hau Phdr cdn ling xe thi thu ttuoc ngudn kinh phi tt6 trang tlii kh6 khln trong cuQc s6ng duong thoi Di6u d|c biet o ttdy c6 5 vdn bin ghi viQc b6n ng6i Hau Phat, trong khi cric tinh khric o vtng d6ng blng Blc BQ

chi l€ te voi mot hai v5n bin Noi dung cta

5 vin ban brin ngdi Hriu Phrit gi5ng voi n6i dung cua 22 vdn bin biu Hiu Phdt o ch6: ti6u dA v[n bin gi6ng nhau, ddu dtng bnng cum tt "Hau Phat bi ki 84t,4'zL"; chn thi) brin ng6i Hau Phat ho[c bAu ng6i HAu Phit

holc tlugc biu ld c6 nhdn hoic trip th6l rdi

,: : ,:

bing tidn vira bdng ru6ng voi s6 luqng khric nhau klr6ng c6 quy tlinh vi "muc

sdn" Di6m khric nhau chi lir cdu cht: m6t

b6n dtng bing cht "Mai" voi nghia ld

"B6n"; mQt b€n dtng bing cht " Brio" voi nghia ld "Bdu" Voi tu li6u nhu viy, girip chirng ta c6 thtm th6ng tin de tim hi€u s6u hon vd phong tuc bAu H4u Phat cta tinl Thrii Nguy€n n6i ri6ng, cia vtng d6ng bing Bic B6 n6i chung./

N.H.M

TAP cHi HAN NOM s6 4 Oi3) - zo22 NGUYEN HUU MiI

Chi thich vi tiri li$u tham khio

l Qutt st qurim tridu Nguy6n, Dqi Nam thtrc

/4c, tlp 3, DQ nhi k9 (ban dich, 200a), NxB Gi6o

duc, HA NQi, tr 230.

.2 Qu0c st qu6n tri6u Nguy6n, Dqi Nam nhiit

th6ng chi, tap 4, (brin dich 1992), M(-B Thuin

H6a- Hu€, tr.154.

.3 Qu6c su qurim triiu NguyEn, Dai Nam nfuit

thOng chi (sdd), tr.l55-161

4 Kf hiQu niy thuQc dd tai khoa hgc cta

S\rHTN, thgc hi6n ndm 2017.

5 Xem Nguy6n Hnu Mii (2013); NghiOn dru

vdn bia Wnh Phic, Sd V6n hoa, Th6 thao vir Du

lich Vinh Phric, tr.72.

6.Ven bia sii l, N.1039t

7.v6n bia s6 2, N.10273

8 Ddng Ngdn huyin Phit Cao xd Nguydn Hdu

Phdr bi tinh minh h1i t*-81.4.)t Rirw$$,4fr

t*il, N.2324-27

9 Van bia s6 9 N"20324.

10 Vnn bia sii 15, N.20329

I l VEn bia sd 22, N.20326

l2.v6n bia si5 23 No20327.

13.0 vu0ng bieu thi bi m6t mgt chr chung

t6i tldnh ddu nlu vdy d€ t6n nghi.

l4.vdn bia si5 3 N"48073-74

15 Van bia s6 7, N"48080-81.

16 vdn bia s6 l, N.l0l9l-92.

17 v6n bia s6 13, N.20304.

18 Vln bia s6 7 No40.8080-1.

19 ven bia sii 15, No20328.

20 v6n bia s6 19, N"20330.

21 Van bia sd 4, N.10384

22 Van bia sii 12, N.20325.

23 Trinh Khic M4nh (2008), MOt sij vijn di

vi vdn bia Vi€t Nam, NXB Khoa hoc xd hQi, Hi

Ndi, tr.l45

24 Vdn bia sd 8, N.20300

25 Ven bia sii 9, N.20298.

26 Van bia s6 10, N.20297

27 Vnn bia sii 14, No20303.

28 Dintr Hqi: c6 thi la nem 1887, duoi tri€u

vua Ddng Kh6nh (1886-1888).

29 Vin bia sd 25, kj hiQu 23/DTKHl8/2017,

SVHTN

30 Vnn bia (dd), sii 8, N.ZO3OO.

31 ven bia (dd), sri z, N"+t.0to-8t

32 Trin Thi Kim Arh (2004), "Bia hdu o ViQt Nzm".Tap chi Han Ndfl s0 3, tr 54-63.

.33 V0 Tbi Mai Anh (2016), Ddi nat cang tiin, ngdn sau phung thd Bdu hQu trong vdn khdc Hdn Ndm d m7t s6 clla phwng d6ng bdng chdu

tho song H6ng, 1802-19O3,NXB.ThC gioi, Hn N$i

34 Danh mpc th6c brin vin bia do VltlCHN suu rim tai tinh Th6i Nguy6n, hiQn luu tri tai

VIICHN

35 Trdn Trgng Duotg (2022\,'Tin ngu&ng thd Hfu: kh6i niem, cau trfc vd lo?i hinh", Tgp chi Hdn N6m, sO 2, tr.2l-34

36 Duong Vdn Hoan (2022), "Tdng guan ngudn

tu liQu v6n bia Hiu tinh Hmg Y€n the ki XVII-XYlll', Tap chi Hdn Nrizr, s6 2, tr.88-101.

37 Le Thi Thu Huong (2021 ) "Tim bidu vdn

bia Hdu Phdt th€ lc! XVll pht Tu Son xLr Kinh

Bic",Tap chi Hdn.Vriz, s6 5, tr.'rK-59.

38 Tran Thi Thu Hucng (2020) , Ydn bia Hdu Thdn Yist Nan (the ki XVII-XVIII), NXB Vnn hqc, Hi NOi.

39 Trinh Khic Manh (chn bi€n 2OO1-2Ol2l. Thr muc thoc ban vdn khdc Hdn Ndm yiet Nan, tap I-VIII, NXB VIn h6a Th6ng tin, Hd N6i

40 Trinh Khic Manh (cht biEn, 2020), Thtt nqc

ttuic ban vdn khic Han N6n Vifr Nam (2020),6p

lX-Xl, NXB Khoa hqc xa h$i, Hd N6i.

41 Nguy6n Kim Ming (2022), "Nghi€n cuu van bia Heu Phat tinh NiDh Bir.h, Tdp chi Hdn N6m, sA 2, r.66-'18.

42 NguyEn Hnu Mti (2022), "Phong tuc biu Hiu

Hiin o urng diing bang Bic BQ nhin tu vai tro cua HOi

43 NguyEn Heu MUi, LC Thi Thu Huong (2020),

"Nghi€n cuu phong tuc biu Hiu Phdt d vung dting bing Bic BQ rh6 ki XVII", Tap chi Hdn.varr, s6 3,

tr.l7-28

44 Uy ban Nhen diiD tinh Th6i Nguy€n, So Vdn hoa, Thd thao vd Du lich (2018), Bi6n dich vin bia Hdn Ndm, tinh Thrii Nguy€n (bdn in vi tinh, do TS.

Nguy6n Kim Meng lim chu nhiem dd tii cung cdp, nhan dey xin triin hqng cam qn).