Report water supply and sewerage assessment of raw water impacts on saigon and da nang rivers

VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY REPORT WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE Team member No Name Student ID Sign 1 Đỗ Tấn Kiệt 1852490 2 Trần Vĩ Khang 18524[.]

VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY

HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER 1: SPECIAL REPORT Session at 8:00 am, November 26, 2022 (DEPARTMENT OF

ECONOMY & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT) 4

1 Some studies - Telemat model: 4

2 Salinity affects agriculture: 4

3 Assessment of raw water impacts on Saigon and Da Nang rivers: 4

4 Some upcoming projects: 4

a) Flood discharge of Dau Tieng Lake 4

b) The role of Dau Tieng Lake and Tri An hydropower reservoir: 4

c) Binh Chanh - Hoc Mon salinity prevention irrigation system, hydraulic regime from Can Giuoc River and Vam Co Dong River 5

5 Challenges of the irrigation industry: 5

a Climate change 5

b Urban development: 5

6 Planning solution: 6

7 Status of the drainage system: 6

CHAPTER 2: CURRENT STATUS OF FLOOD CONTROL AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN HO CHI MINH CITY 7

1 Legal basis 7

2 Scope, object 7

2.1 Scope 7

2.2 Subjects 7

3 Actual situation of the water drainage system in the city 7

3.1 Situation 7

3.2 Current status of wastewater treatment 8

3.3 Drainage management model: 9

3.3.1 Drainage system management: 9

3.3.2 Management of rivers and canals 13

3.4 Scale of drainage system 13

3.5 Drainage system planning 14

CHAPTER 3: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN FLOOD CONTROL AND WASTE TREATMENT 14

1 Experience against flooding 14

1.1 International experience (UK) 14

1.2 Experience of Ho Chi Minh City 15

2 Management model of Ho Chi Minh City 16

2.1 Management model for the period from 2008 to 2019 16

2.2 Inadequacies in the organization and operation of the drainage industry (2008-2018) 17

2.3 Improving the apparatus, drainage management model from 2019 to present 18

3 Planning for drainage 21

4 Investment and development of drainage system 22

4.1 Piloting the regulating lake by Crosswave technology 22

4.2 Exam for improving sewer lines with SPR pipe lining technology: 24

5 Wastewater treatment technology 24

5.1 Overview of wastewater treatment technologies applied in the world 24

5.2 Urban wastewater treatment technology is applied in Ho Chi Minh City 25

5.3 Applied technology issues 25

6 Operation, maintenance and maintenance of Ho Chi Minh City's drainage system 27

CHAPTER 4: ORIENTATION PLANNING FOR FLOOD CONTROL AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN HO CHI MINH CITY IN THE PERIOD OF 2020-2045 27

1 Period from 2020-2025 28

a) Specific targets: 28

b) Specific goals: 28

2 The period from 2026 - 2030 and a vision to 2045: 29

CHAPTER 5 FLOODING MITIGATION STRATEGIES AND WASTE WATER TREATMENT FROM 2020 TO 2030 29

1 Situation forecast 29

2 Scope 29

2.1 From 2020 - 2025 29

2.2 From 2026 - 2030 30

3 Solution for the flooding mitigation 30

3.1 Improve planning quality, planning management efficiency; implementing regulations and solutions for linkage among localities in the Southern key economic region 30

3.2 Concentrating on implementation of construction solutions to serve to solve flooding problems 31

3.3 Review and supplement policies to attract investment resources; administrative procedure reform to speed up the implementation of projects and works to reduce flooding 35

3.4 Strengthening linkages and cooperation in science and technology, improving forecasting capacity for flood eradication and reduction 35

3.5 Promote the role of the Fatherland Front and socio-political organizations in propaganda and mobilization of the people 36

REFENRENCE 37

CHAPTER 1: SPECIAL REPORT Session at 8:00 am, November 26, 2022

(DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMY & WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT)

1 Some studies - Telemat model:

2 Salinity affects agriculture:

3 Assessment of raw water impacts on Saigon and Da Nang rivers:

˗ Due to climate change

˗ Leakage and loss of water, optimize flow by pressure control

4 Some upcoming projects:

a) Flood discharge of Dau Tieng Lake

˗ Characteristics of the Saigon River affecting Dau Tieng Lake, flooding the area around Saigon

˗ Applying Hollow pillar dikes to cope with climate change and flooding due to rapid urban development

˗ Reduce the coefficient of runoff, make rain seep into the ground

b) The role of Dau Tieng Lake and Tri An hydropower reservoir:

 Water reservoirs:

˗ Dau Tieng Lake is located at the upstream of the Saigon River, in Tay Ninh province.

˗ Tri An Lake is located on the Dong Nai river system, in Dong Nai province

 The role of these two reservoirs for the agricultural development of the Southeast

region:

˗ Dau Tieng Lake:

+ Is an irrigation lake built on the Saigon River, in the territory of Tay Ninh province, with an area of 270 km2, containing 1.5 billion m3 of water, the largest in our country today

+ Role: Ensuring irrigation water in the dry season for more than 170 thousand hectares

of agricultural land in Tay Ninh province and Cu Chi district (Ho Chi Minh City), contributing to improving land use efficiency

˗ Tri An Lake:

+ Hydroelectric reservoir built on Dong Nai river (Dong Nai province), the main role is

to supply water for Tri An hydropower plant

+ Contributing to the supply of water for agricultural production in Dong Nai province, regulating the water regime of the Dong Nai river, reducing flooding in the rainy

season, salinization in the dry season in the downstream of the Dong Nai river, helping agricultural production is more favorable

 Water supply for agricultural production 12ha of land in Cu Chi, water supply of 450m3

for daily life

 Protect residential areas along the Saigon River

 Irrigation system to prevent high tides combined with rural traffic to prevent floods.c) Binh Chanh - Hoc Mon salinity prevention irrigation system, hydraulic regime from Can Giuoc River and Vam Co Dong River

˗ Has a 9700ha saline-preventing sluice, invested in 1995 to control tides in the southern region for agricultural production

˗ Tide control center area is underway

˗ The southern area of Can Gio, which is directly adjacent to the sea, mainly invests in a 12km long anti-erosion welding mine embankment system, the area also has a number

of irrigation systems mainly focusing on aquaculture and salt production

5 Challenges of the irrigation industry:

a Climate change

˗ Water level in the Sai Gon River changes of tidal water level 1.77 at raft house

˗ Historical elevation rain factors that cause inundation for the city

˗ Statistics of rain over 100mm high frequency

˗ Total rainfall is constant but the tempo increase

b Urban development:

˗ The suburbs used to be agricultural fields

˗ Now they are leveling and renovating the surface for urban development.

˗ Reducing the volume of water storage

˗ Changing the permeable surface, causing old flooding

6 Planning solution:

˗ Planning for agricultural production has been implemented

˗ Regulations for flood control have been implemented

˗ 752 and 1547 to reduce flooding for the basin

˗ Continue to invest in improvement, repair and maintain usability

˗ Research on using new materials for construction solutions to reduce investment costs but still ensure the set goals (ecological embankment)

˗ Study tidal rain, model flood discharge for early prediction to have solutions

7 Status of the drainage system:

CHAPTER 2: CURRENT STATUS OF FLOOD CONTROL AND WASTEWATER

TREATMENT IN HO CHI MINH CITY.

1 Legal basis

Law on Environmental Protection No 55/2014/QH13 dated June 23, 2014;

Law on Water Resources No 17/2012/QH13 dated June 21, 2012;

Law on Planning No 21/2017/QH14 dated November 24, 2017;

Law on Urban Planning No 30/2009/QH12 dated June 17, 2009;

Construction Law No 50/2014/QH13 dated June 18, 2014;

Law on Irrigation No 08/2017/QH14 dated June 19, 2017;

Law No 35/2018/QH14 amending and supplementing a number of articles of 37 Laws related

to planning;

Resolution No 751/2019/UBTVQH14 dated August 16, 2019 of the National Assembly

Standing Committee on the explanation of a number of articles of the Law on Planning;

Decree No 80/2014/ND-CP dated August 6, 2014 of the Government on drainage and

3 Actual situation of the water drainage system in the city

3.1 Situation

a Flooding situation due to rain at the main trunk roads in the city:

According to statistics and monitoring, at the beginning of 2008 in the city, 126 main roadswere flooded due to rain; By 2016, there were still 40 main roads in the city that were floodeddue to rain

In the period of 2020 - 2025, the city will continue to implement solutions to solve theremaining 15 flooded points (including Tan Quy, Le Duc Tho, Phan Anh, Bach Dang, Ho HocLam, and National Highway 13 (on the list) roads flooded by rain) and routes Ba Van, TruongCong Dinh, Bau Cat, Dang Thi Ranh, Duong Van Cam, Nguyen Huu Canh, Thao Dien, QuangTrung, Kha Van Can (on the list of flooded roads) water has been temporarily treated withurgent solutions) and 03 points of flooding arise including (Nguyen Van Block (old CayTram), Quoc Huong, Nguyen Van Huong)

b Flooding due to tides at the main arterial roads above City area:

According to statistics and monitoring, at the beginning of 2008 in the city, 95 main roadswere flooded due to tides; By 2016, there were still 09 main roads in the city that were floodeddue to tides

It is estimated that by the end of 2020, the city will be able to solve 09/09 roads (in 2020, thecity will focus on completing the project of Solving tidal flooding with consideration ofclimate change factors (phase 1 of this project) ) and the project on the left bank of the SaigonRiver (the remaining section from Cau Ngang canal to Thu Thiem urban area) to solve theremaining 05 flooded points (including Huynh Tan Phat, Le Van Luong, Tran Xuan Soan,Highway 50, Nguyen Van Huong)

3.2 Current status of wastewater treatment

- Binh Hung wastewater treatment plant (phase 1), sewer line and Dong Dieu pumping station,put into operation in 2009, with a capacity of 141,000 m3/day, currently operating stably

- Binh Hung Hoa wastewater treatment plant, with a capacity of 30,000 m3/day, is currentlyoperating stably

- Tham Luong - Ben Cat wastewater treatment plant (phase 1) has been put into operationsince June 2018, with a capacity of 131,000 m3/day, only about 15% of the designed capacityhas been exploited with pumps and transfer pipes temporary water to bring wastewater to thefactory

- Tan Quy Dong wastewater treatment station, put into operation in 2000, capacity 500 m/day,stable operation

- Wastewater treatment station of Vinh Loc B resettlement area, Binh Chanh district, whichhas completed construction and installation of equipment since 2011, with a capacity of 3,700m/day sewer system (the average volume of wastewater to the station is 165 m3/day, onlyreaching 4.46% of the designed capacity).

- Wastewater treatment station 17.3 ha Resettlement area, Binh Khanh ward, District 2, hasbeen put into operation since December 2018 (including the toll gate system) with a capacity

of 3,000 m3/day, so far the average volume of wastewater to the station is 1,382 m3/day,reaching only 46.1% of the designed capacity

- Waste water treatment station 38.4 ha Resettlement Area, Binh Khanh Ward, District 2, putinto operation from February 2018 (including sewer system) with a capacity of 7,000 m3/day

Up to now, the wastewater flow to the station is about 150 m3/day, only reaching about 2.14%

of the design capacity

The total amount of treated wastewater is 316 200/3,076,000 m3/day (According to Decision

No 1942/QD-TTg dated October 29, 2014 of the Prime Minister on Planning on drainage andwater treatment system waste from residential areas and industrial zones in the Dong Nai riverbasin by 2030), reaching the rate of 10.28

Currently, it is continuing to invest in completing a number of wastewater collection andtreatment works, including the collection system of Tham Luong Ben Cat wastewatertreatment plant; Binh Hung wastewater treatment plant - phase 2 with a capacity of 469,000m2; Nhieu Loc - Thi Nghe wastewater treatment plant has a capacity of 480,000 m3/day Aftercompleting Tham Luong Ben Cat wastewater treatment plant (capacity 131,000 m3/day

3.3 Drainage management model:

3.3.1 Drainage system management:

The management of water drainage in the city shall comply with the provisions of Decree No.80/2014/ND-CP dated August 6, 2014 of the Government on drainage and wastewatertreatment activities on planning, design, construction investment, management and operation

of the drainage system

The current model of drainage management in the city is approved by the Ho Chi Minh CityParty Committee at Conclusion No 386-KL/TU dated October 2, 2018 and promulgated bythe City People's Committee "Rearrange the project management boards of the city, thedistrict - the district, the investment management board of urban areas, the investmentmanagement board of ODA projects" in Decision No 4719/QD-UB dated 23 October 2018,including the following contents:

“- Adjusting to remove the tasks under the state management function of the City Anti -floodProgram Operation Center (actually, the City Flood Control Program Operation Center cannot

be performed);

Adjusting the state management function of the Department of Transport to the Department of Construction according to regulations, including: urban water supply and drainage; urban lighting market; parks, urban greenery,

Assign the Department of Construction to arrange units to perform the function on behalf ofthe City People's Committee as the owner, organize the management and operation of theentire drainage system, control tides and wastewater treatment plants in the area city table onthe basis of changing the status quo from the Operation Center of the anti-flood program citywater ;

- Establishment of urban infrastructure construction investment project management board onthe basis of separating the project management function of the City Flood Control ProgramOperation Center and merging with the Environmental Sanitation Project Management Board;

- Assign the Department of Construction to manage the Urban Infrastructure ConstructionInvestment Project Management Board as authorized by the City People's Committee"

3.3.1.1 Regarding the assignment of drainage tasks according to the management modeldrainage in the current city area

a) Role of the Department of Construction - According to the Government's regulations:

According to the provisions of Clause 8, Article 8 of Decree No 24/2014/ND-CP dated April

4, 2014 of the Government regulating the organization of specialized agencies under thePeople's Committees of provinces and centrally run cities, The Department of Construction hasthe following functions:

“Advise and assist the Provincial People's Committee in the state management of: Constructionplanning and architecture; construction investment activities; Urban Development; urbantechnical infrastructure and industrial parks, economic zones, high-tech parks (including: urbanwater supply and drainage and industrial parks, economic zones, high-tech parks; solid wastemanagement through usually in urban areas, industrial parks, economic zones, high-tech zones,construction material production facilities; urban lighting; urban parks and trees; management

of cemeteries and martyrs' cemeteries; urban transport infrastructure, excluding themanagement of exploitation, use and maintenance of urban transport infrastructure;management of urban underground construction; management of common use of infrastructureurban engineering); House; office; real estate market; building materials

For Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, the advisory function on construction planning andarchitecture is performed by the Department of Planning and Architecture.”

- According to the current model of the City:

In Decision No 5305/QD-UBND dated November 27, 2018, the City People's Committeetransferred the state management function of urban water supply and drainage from theDepartment of Transport of Ho Chi Minh City to the Department of Transport of Ho Chi MinhCity Ho Chi Minh City Department of Construction These functions are specified in Articles

1 and 8, Article 3 "Regulations on organization and operation of the Department of Transport

of Ho Chi Minh City" issued together with Decision No 70/2010/QD-UBND of City People'sCommittee: on management of water supply and drainage, in which implementation of

"strategic orientations and development planning of water supply and drainage sector in thecity"

Since the issuance of Decision No 5305/QD-UBND dated November 27, 2018 of the CityPeople's Committee, the Department of Construction has been a comprehensive managementagency, throughout activities on drainage and water treatment waste in the city, from planning

to design, construction investment, management and operation of the drainage system, is theagency that administers all activities on drainage and wastewater treatment in the locality citydesk, including the Flood Reduction Program

b) Role of urban infrastructure construction investment project management board

According to the Establishment Decision No 5345/QD-UBND dated November 30, 2018Urban Infrastructure Construction Investment Project Management Board is a unit directlyunder the City People's Committee, with the function of being the construction investor.construction of works and projects in the field of urban infrastructure, including drainageworks and projects

The Urban Infrastructure Construction Investment Project Management Board is the agencyresponsible for managing the implementation of the "design, construction investment" stage inwater drainage and wastewater treatment activities in the city under the management andadministration of the Department of Construction

As authorized by the City People's Committee to the Department of Construction in Decision

No 5346/QD-UBND dated November 30, 2018, the Management Board Urban infrastructureconstruction investment projects are subject to the supervision and management of theDepartment of Construction for all activities of the Board

c) The role of the City Technical Infrastructure Management Center

According to the establishment Decision No 1201/QD-UBND dated March 27, 2019, the CityTechnical Infrastructure Management Center is a unit directly under the Department ofConstruction, with the function of acting on behalf of the City People's Committee own,organize, manage and operate the entire drainage system, control tides, wastewater and sludge

treatment plants in the city and the exploitation, maintenance and maintenance of lightingworks urban; parks, urban greenery.

Thus, the City Technical Infrastructure Management Center is the agency responsible formanaging and implementing the stage of "management and operation of the drainage system"

in activities on drainage and wastewater treatment in the city city, under the management andadministration of the Department of Construction

In addition to the function of acting on behalf of the City People's Committee as the owner,organizing management and operation of the entire drainage system, tidal control, wastewatertreatment plant, and Thai mud in the city, the Center Technical Infrastructure Management isalso assigned to perform the tasks of Decision No 149/QD-SXD dated February 11, 2020 ofthe Department of Construction

“- Advising the Director of the Department of Construction in researching, developingstrategies and solutions for flood and tidal control in the City and surrounding areas,identifying priority projects and diverging implementation for each project each area;coordinate activities and projects on water drainage to basically solve the flood situation in thecity;

- Develop long-term, medium-term and annual plans on urban drainage, including priorityplans for flood control and drainage in the city, and submit them to the Department ofConstruction;

- Organize the collection, measurement, survey, statistics, complete storage of data, analyzeand evaluate data related to flooded points and forecast the flood situation in the city city toadvise on prevention and remedial measures; - Expert advice in research and master planningprogram against flooding and water drainage in the city; proactive coordination, proposemeasures to ensure consistency in management and solve the problems of anti-flooding,drainage, wastewater treatment and sludge treatment of the City;

- Research, update and propose drainage standards, methods of determining boundaries forprotection of rivers, canals, creeks, rivers and canals, technical processes, management,operation and maintenance of drainage and water systems wastewater and sludge as a basis foruniformity in the design, inspection and coordination of drainage, wastewater and sludgetreatment projects

Waste in the city: Inter-sectoral and inter-basin coordination in the field of water drainage andwater treatment waste sludge to effectively implement the Program to reduce flooding andreduce environmental pollution in the City;

In summary, in the Thai water treatment and drainage management model, the name of thelocality City today

- Department of Construction is the governing body for all activities on water withdrawal andtreatment in the city, from the planning onwards to design, construction investment,management and operation of the city system

- Urban infrastructure construction investment project management board is managed by theperson directly under the City People's Committee, directly managing the implementation ofthe "filial piety" policy, investment in construction" in activities on drainage and wastewatertreatment in the city, under the management and management of all aspects of the Department

of Construction

- The City Technical Infrastructure Management Center is a learning unit under the Ministry ofConstruction, in addition to the function of being an owner, it also has the task of advising theDepartment of Construction in the operation of all types of construction machinery anddrainage and treatment of Thai water in the city and the management and operation of thedrainage system, under the management and administration of the Department of Construction.3.3.1.2 About decentralization of management and operation of the drainage system

The decentralization of management and operation of an efficient drainage system is carriedout the city's Technical Infrastructure Management Center under the Ministry of Constructionmanages a part of the main drainage network (level 1, level 2 and part 3, pumping stations(foreign water, Thai water) as follows: , public control of UR and HIGH HOUSE, 19wastewater treatment, according to the decentralization decision of the Department ofConstruction Law Department of Traffic

- The People's Committees of districts and districts to manage the locality, according to thedecision of the owner, according to the decision on distribution of the Department ofConstruction or the Father of Transport

- Export processing zones and industrial parks that directly manage the information system arelocated in export processing zones and industrial parks under the management unit

3.3.2 Management of rivers and canals

On December 20, 2019, the City People's Committee issued Decision No 40/2019/QD-UBND(replacing Decision No 28/2016/QD-UBND dated August 12, 2016) regulating theresponsibilities of Departments and People's Committees of districts are decentralized tomanage and exploit rivers, canals and canals in the area of Ho Chi Minh City This Decisiondoes not regulate the decentralization of competence to appraise and decide on investment inconstruction investment projects on rivers, canals and canals and has the new point of notdecentralizing management and exploitation of rivers, canals, canals in the city for non-business units as in Decision No 28/2016/QD-UBND dated August 12, 2016

3.4 Scale of drainage system

- Drainage: The total length of sewers in the city is 4,455,833 m In which, the City TechnicalInfrastructure Management Center is in charge of managing 718 routes with a total length of1,748,833 m of grade 2 and level 3 gates of all kinds and 82,400 station tunnels; People'sCommittees of districts are in charge of managing 10,554 routes with a total length of 2,707km

of level 3, level 4 gates and branch alleys, 146,638 hamlets;

- Sewers and sewer lines: Technical Infrastructure Management Center The city is in charge ofmanaging 02 gates with a total length of 11,893 m of culverts bag; 03 culvert systems collect

to the culvert with a total length of 1,774,915 m

- 1,224 discharge gates and 523 tidal valves

- 09 major tidal control gates: Binh Trieu, Thu Duc, Ong Dau, Go Dua, Rach Da, Duc Nho, DaHan, Ba Thon, Ong Dung;

- 04 Tide control sluices combined with pumping stations with a total capacity of 476,800 mhour Nhieu Loc - Thi Nghe, Binh Loi, Rach Lang, Rach Nhay - Root Ngum

- 02 regulating reservoirs: Thanh Da regulating reservoir has an area of 3,000 mines withcapacity bombs 2,520 m/hour; Me Coc 1 has an area of 16,655 units, pumping capacity 2520m

- 01 fixed pumping station with a total capacity of 54,000 m3/hour Copy of Coverage - 08mobile pumping stations with a total capacity of 12,600 m3/hour: Nguyen Huu Canh, VanThanh, I-Ke Pumping Station, Thao Dien KP3, and 2-Ke KP3 Thao Dien Pumping Station.3.5 Drainage system planning

The Ho Chi Minh City drainage system has been built according to 04 master plans, including:

- The master plan on the drainage system of Ho Chi Minh City up to 2020 approved by thePrime Minister in Decision No 752/QD-TTg dated June 19, 2001;

- Irrigation planning to prevent flooding in Ho Chi Minh City area approved by the PrimeMinister in Decision No 1547/QD-TTg dated October 28, 2008;

- General planning on construction of Ho Chi Minh City up to 2025 Prime Minister approved

in Decision No 24/QD-TTg dated January 6 2010;

- Planning on drainage and wastewater treatment systems in residential areas and industrialzones in Dong Nai river basin up to 2030 approved by the Prime Minister in Decision No.1942/QD-TTg dated October 29, 2014 2014

CHAPTER 3: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN FLOOD

CONTROL AND WASTE TREATMENT

1 Experience against flooding

1.1 International experience (UK)

A country with a lot of rain but usually small In 2014, England suddenly received its heaviestrainfall in 248 years, flooding tens of thousands of homes and causing £1.1 billion in damage.This has prompted the government to be more creative in flood control The UK hasimplemented 2 overall solutions including 5 contents:

- Movable dykes and dams to prevent flooding and overflow: around London, there arecurrently flexible dams on the Thames (Thames Barriers) built This system can open/close,lift the layers, rotate the shield to divert water drainage, depending on need to prevent floodingfor London Since 2015, the UK has designed many types of "light weight sectional metalbarriers", which can be changed in structure and placed at points that need to prevent waterfrom overflowing When the flood is over, these dams are removed

- Intervention and flood control: using a continuous system of small ponds, screens, movabledams and controlled flood gates for river water to flow into fields and low-lying areasaccording to the principle of “Create space for water” (make space for water) applied in the

UK, Germany, the Netherlands since 1999

- Dredging rivers and lake beds: in order to increase the water storage volume when there isheavy rain, to make the flow faster, to bring flood water to the downstream area

- Overall environmental protection policy: planting forests in the upper reaches of rivers,maintaining lakes near large cities with roads connecting to rivers around residential areas toregulate water; propaganda to build awareness of river maintenance

- Absorb flood water through sustainable sewers and tanks; drain water quickly from urbanareas, where many premises have been concreted Rainwater treatment is done in two forms:infiltration with hard materials (grey drainage – pipes, drains, and sidewalks) and with naturalmaterials (green drainage)

1.2 Experience of Ho Chi Minh City

In order to limit damage and impact of flooding and respond to climate change and increasesynchronization with drainage infrastructure built under Decision No 752/QD-TTg, over theyears, Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City has implemented many solutions to preventflooding

Specifically:

- The city has been implementing anti-flood projects such as building dikes and sluices in theplanning of irrigation to prevent flooding in Ho Chi Minh City; - Flood risk management in HoChi Minh City area; - Dredging many sections and canals in the city such as: building a floodcontrol reservoir for the central area of Thu Duc district (completed) - Upgrading, expanding

and dredging the drainage canal of Lang The canal, Diocese canal - Research and invest inbuilding a regulating reservoir (suburban area) in Ben Muong-Lang The (Cu Chi district) toserve water storage in the dry season (for agricultural production), flood prevention, and levelregulation water to prevent flooding, create environmental landscapes (expected in the period2019-2025 HS AY - Besides investing in building a drainage system according to the designs

in Decision 752/QD-TTg, in 2008, the city completed the project Ho Chi Minh City isapproved by the Government of the Ho Chi Minh City Irrigation Plan to prevent flooding.Decision 1547/QD-TTg dated October 28, 2008

- Currently, the Department of Construction (DOC), ETH Singapore Academy and the WorldBank (WB) are coordinating "Research and application of urban-rural space platform" ofZurich ETH Technical Institute, branch in Singapore (UR-Scape) to deal with flood adaptiveinfrastructure planning (IPFR) issues It is expected to be piloted in District 2 and Nha Bedistricts - On April 11, 2019, the Department of Construction and the Dutch ConsulateGeneral in Ho Chi Minh City signed a memorandum of understanding on "Public-PrivatePartnership Initiative for Sustainable Flooding Plan for Ho Chi Minh City" Minh in the area ofDistrict 2, 9, Thu Duc"

2 Management model of Ho Chi Minh City

The time before the City transferred functions related to water drainage, wastewater, greenparks, urban lighting from the Department of Transport to the Department of Constructionbuild The city organizes a 3-level management model including the Department of Transport(formerly the Department of Traffic and Public Works) which is the state management agency

in the field of water drainage; Urban Drainage One Member Limited Liability Companymanaged the Urban Sewerage System until 2003 and transferred it to the decentralization ofUrban Traffic Management Areas under the Department of Transport - on behalf of Owner andManagement property management; and People's Committees of districts are decentralized tomanage a number of technical infrastructure areas, including drainage system and canal systemwith drainage function by area; while Urban Sewerage One Member Limited LiabilityCompany moved to operate as an enterprise responsible for operating the drainage system inthe city

2.1 Management model for the period from 2008 to 2019

a) State management function:

Ho Chi Minh City Department of Transport is a specialized agency under the City People'sCommittee, advising and assisting the City People's Committee in performing the statemanagement function on urban drainage within the city limits

b) The owner of the urban drainage system has many units in charge of:

- The City Flood Control Program Operation Center established in Decision No UBND dated December 14, 2008, is a non-business unit directly under the People's Committee

1121/QD-of Ho Chi Minh City, with the function 1121/QD-of advising and assisting the City People's Committee

in implementing programs and projects on water drainage and flood control in the city Thecenter is the owner, organization and management of the city's drainage system (Decision No.4576/QD-UBND dated October 28, 2008) including: level 1 and 2 drainage systems, canalsand canals has the function of drainage, tidal control sluice and tidal dam, pumping station andurban wastewater treatment plants of the city according to hierarchy.

- People's Committees of districts: are assigned the task of being the owner of the management

of level 3 and 4 drainage systems built in different projects in the area in charge of the city'sdecentralization Each district People's Committee has a department, unit or enterprise incharge of the operation and maintenance of the above mentioned drainage system - TheSaigon River Tunnel Management Center is managed by the Department of Transport,including the drainage system of Vo Van Kiet Street and Mai Chi Tho Street; Drainage system

of the Saigon River Tunnel

c) Investor in construction of drainage system:

In addition to the City Flood Control Program Operation Center, which is responsible for theinvestor and construction of the drainage system, the City also has a number of Public WorksDepartments investment cooperation in the field of water drainage, including: - Urbanupgrading project management board; - Environmental sanitation project management board; -Urban Transport Project Management Board - District Project Management Board Therefore,the investment work has not yet unified a unit in charge of this work throughout the city Alldrainage works are handed over to the City Flood Control Program Operations Center who isthe owner of the drainage works The city's anti-flood control center plays almost two roles,both as an investor and as an owner of drainage works, so it has not yet specialized in projectinvestment and drainage system operation management country

d) The subscriber unit for operation and maintenance of the drainage system:

- Urban Sewerage One Member Limited Liability Company is a public utility service unit ofthe city (subscriber unit) with functions of management, operation and maintenance ofdrainage and wastewater collection systems; Management, operation and maintenance ofpumping stations and wastewater treatment plants; Construction and repair of infrastructureworks for drainage and wastewater treatment for the city Under the contract with the CityFlood Control Operations Center, Urban Traffic Management Zone No 1 and the Saigon RiverTunnel Management Center - Irrigation Service Management Company, is the city's state-owned enterprise, under the direction of the City People's Committee

2.2 Inadequacies in the organization and operation of the drainage industry (2008-2018)

Despite the improvement in management decentralization, the period 2008-2018 had thefollowing limitations and inadequacies:

- State management function in the field of urban drainage of the City by the Department ofTransport undertake not in accordance with the regulations of the Central Government (which

is the function of the Department of Construction), so it causes difficulties in management and

administration On the other hand, the Department of Transport does not receive directinstructions from the Ministry of Construction (which is the central state management agency

in the field of drainage) but has to report on the work in the field of drainage for the Ministry

of Construction;

- The decentralization of management of the drainage network in the same basin for manyfocal points has resulted in overlapping and duplication, lack of concentration, and no focaland key unit responsible for the incident has been identified drainage, waste discharge andflood control in the City in a timely, complete and comprehensive manner

+ There is no coordination mechanism between the Department of Transport and theDepartment of Agriculture and Rural Development, so there is overlap in the management andtreatment of the river, canal and canal system that has the function of drainage, has thefunction of drainage, navigation, irrigation and irrigation; or many irrigation canals no longerserve irrigation due to rapid urbanization but slow transfer of management for drainage,limiting the drainage capacity of canals;

+ Duplicate tasks and inadequacies between the City Flood Control Program Operation Center,which is the owner of the drainage system, the manager of the centralized wastewatertreatment plant, and the investor of construction projects drainage works, planning, annualanti-flood drainage planning , while the Department of Transport has the function of statemanagement in the field of urban drainage, so it is not active in participating in the work forurban drainage tasks

2.3 Improving the apparatus, drainage management model from 2019 to present

a) State management function

In 2019, the state management function of urban drainage was transferred from the Department

of Transport through the Department of Construction according to Decision No People's Committee dated November 27, 2018 Accordingly, related to planning and planningmanagement, the City People's Committee assigns the Department of Construction to performthe function of state management in the field of water drainage and wastewater treatmentaccording to the master plan on drainage and wastewater treatment country; Department ofAgriculture and Rural Development performs the function of state management of irrigation;flood and storm control and include the implementation of anti-flood projects in accordancewith the planning of flood control in Ho Chi Minh City

5305/QD-b) Owner of urban drainage system

Part of the function of the Ho Chi Minh City Flood Control Program Operation Center(excluding state management and project management functions) changes the status through adivision of the City Technical Infrastructure Management Center under the Department ofConstruction Being a public non-business unit, with operating funds guaranteed by the State,having legal status, having its own seal and head office, being allowed to open accounts of theState Treasury and banks to operate in accordance with regulations of law provisions of the

law Performing the function on behalf of the City People's Committee as the owner,organizing the management, operation, and maintenance of the entire drainage system, tidecontrol, wastewater collection and treatment system, and sludge treatment waste in the City.

- Organize the collection, measurement, survey, statistics, complete storage of data, analyzeand evaluate data related to flooded points and forecast the flood situation in the locality city

to advise on prevention and remedial measures;

- Provide professional advice in the study and formulation of the master plan for the programagainst flooding and water drainage in the city; proactively coordinate and propose measures

to ensure consistency in the management and settlement of the City's anti-flooding, drainage,wastewater and sludge treatment issues;

- Research, update and propose drainage standards, methods of determining boundaries forprotection of rivers, canals, streams, rivers and canals, technical processes, operationmanagement and maintenance of drainage and water systems sewage and sludge as a basis foruniformity in the design, inspection and coordination of projects on drainage, wastewater andsludge treatment in the city;

- Inter-sectoral and inter-basin coordination in the field of water drainage, wastewatertreatment, sludge to effectively implement the Program to reduce flooding and reduceenvironmental pollution in the City;

- Researching and applying scientific, technical and technological advances at home andabroad in the field of water drainage, wastewater treatment, sludge and flood control; organizescientific seminars on urban drainage and flood control to find out the causes and measures toprevent flooding and drainage;

- Organize the reception, put into operation management, maintenance works of drainage,wastewater treatment, sludge in the city;

- Provide professional advice on investment projects on construction of water drainage,wastewater and sludge treatment works in the city;

- Coordinate work and promote investment projects in the form of public-private partnership(PPP) in water drainage, wastewater treatment, sludge;

- Advise on research, construction and management of the roadmap for collection of sewerageand wastewater treatment service charges in the city;

c) The investor builds the drainage system

In order to streamline the focal point responsible for investment and construction of works anddrainage systems in the city, the City People's Committee established the Urban InfrastructureConstruction Investment Project Management Board, on the basis of The department splits theproject management function of the City Flood Control Program Operations Center andmerges with the Sanitation Department