Lecture responsible tourism unit 1 principles of responsible tourism

Unit outlineObjectives By the end of the unit participants will be able to: • Explain the current global and local tourism market • List and describe types of tourism and tourists • List

UNIT 1 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

Unit outline

Objectives

By the end of the unit participants will be able to:

• Explain the current global and local tourism market

• List and describe types of tourism and tourists

• List and describe positive and negative social,

economic and environmental impacts of tourism

• Explain the principles of Responsible Tourism and the

triple bottom line objectives of sustainable

development

• List and describe the benefits of Responsible Tourism

for business, tourists and local residents

• Explain the importance of the Cape Town Declaration

and its principles on Responsible Tourism

Topics

1 Tourism today

2 Impacts of tourism

3 Principles of responsible tourism

4 Benefits of responsible tourism

5 Practices in responsible tourism: The Cape Town

Declaration

TOPIC 1 TOURISM TODAY

UNIT 1 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

…entails movement of people to countries or places outside their

usual environment…

…for at least one night…

…for personal or business / professional purposes.

The UNWTO definition of tourism

“Tourism is a social, cultural

and economic phenomenon

which entails the movement

of people to countries or

places outside their usual

environment for personal or

business / professional

purposes These people are

called visitors and tourism

has to do with their

activities, some of which

imply tourism expenditure”

Tourism involves many goods and services

Food & drink

Natural attractions

Cultural attractions

General

Common types of leisure tourism

Cultural tourism

Other types of tourism

Information and reservation

Travel to and getting there

Unpack and orientate

Eat and drink

Rest and sleep Activity and

sport Play and fun

The tourism cycle

The global tourism market

inbound tourism = US$

International tourist arrivals (UNWTO)

YEAR TOURIST ARRIVALS

1950 25 million

1980 277 million

1990 435 million

2000 675 million Today 940 million Tomorrow …?!

Global international tourism arrivals: past,

present, and future

World Tourism Council forecasts for tourism

Global GDP 9%; US$ 6 trillion 10%; US$ 10 trillion

– Directly and indirectly

support 4.6m jobs in Vietnam

Top tourism source markets to Vietnam

Vietnam Government’s Strategy for Tourism

TOPIC 2 IMPACTS OF TOURISM

UNIT 1 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

Potential positive social impacts of tourism

Demand for local

products

Employment of women and youth

Revival of local customs and traditions

Historical preservation Improvement in

education & lifestyles Others?

Potential negative social impacts of tourism

Social tension resulting from

shifts in domestic arrangements

and gender roles

Commodification of cultures and traditions

Exacerbation of existing social inequalities and creation of new

ones

Cultural conflict Loss of traditional values & skills Others?

Potential positive environmental impacts of

tourism

Improved management of

sensitive habitats

Increased awareness of natural values and importance

Strengthening of natural

heritage

Stimulation of funding for natural heritage conservation Others?

Potential negative environmental impacts of

tourism

environment

Disturbance to wildlife

Overconsumption

Potential positive economic impacts of tourism

Strengthens local economy

Employment and income Entrepreneurialism

Stimulates local business growth

Generates investment

in infrastructure Others?

Potential negative economic impacts of tourism

Inadequate sharing of tourism benefits

Tension from wage and income disparities

Increased economic dependency on one sector

Inflated land and housing

prices, and living costs Economic leakage Others?

What should we do?

challenges

forward – and if so, what?

consequences of inaction?

Negative impacts

of tourism

Positive impacts

of tourism

TOPIC 3 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

UNIT 1 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

What is responsible tourism?

and doing of tourism that

minimises negative impacts

and enhances positive impacts

• Outcome is better places for

people to live in, and for

people to visit

• Measure of success is higher

incomes, more satisfying jobs,

and improved social, cultural

and natural facilities.

The core of responsible tourism: sustainable

• Maintain essential ecological

processes and help conserve

natural heritage and

biodiversity

Environmental

• Respect and conserve cultural authenticity and heritage

socio-• Respect traditional values

• Contribute to inter-cultural understanding and tolerance

• Contribute to poverty alleviation

Economic

Progress in tourism that meets the needs of the

present without compromising the ability of future

generations to meet their needs

Whose responsibility is it?

Tourists

Managers

Staff

GovernmentBusinesses

Communities

Some measures of responsible tourism

Host communities

• Access

• Involvement / beneficiaries

• Interaction with local community / destination

Dublin Institute of Technology, 2014 http://dit.ie/dit-achiev/dit-achievmodel/dit-achievmodeldiagram/

The DIT-ACHIEV model for sustainable tourism

management

The key to responsible tourism

• Understand and accept responsibility:

every decision and action has

an impact

Be

accountable

• Acquire the knowledge, skills and

resources to take action based upon sound

ethics, morals and the laws of our society

Have capacity

• Make decisions that will have the most

positive benefit on the people,

environment and economy around us

Respond to

make positive

change

TOPIC 4 BENEFITS OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

UNIT 1 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

Benefits of responsible tourism for business

Saves money

Retains staff

Benefits of responsible tourism for visitors

Responsible tourism meets

growing lifestyle trends of

travellers such as:

and social consciousness

deeper meaning in travel

Benefits of responsible tourism for host

communities

• Stimulates business

• Creates economic opportunities

• Supports community based tourism

TOPIC 5 PRACTICES IN RESPONSIBLE

TOURISM: THE CAPE TOWN DECLARATION

UNIT 1 PRINCIPLES OF RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

The Cape Town Declaration

20 countries, plus the UNWTO and

UNEP

Responsible Tourism in Destinations,

Cape Town, South Africa, 2002

guiding principles for the

implementation of responsible

tourism

founding principles of responsible

tourism today

Responsible tourism…

1 …minimises negative economic, environmental, and social

impacts;

2 …generates greater economic benefits for local people and

enhances the well-being of host communities, improves working conditions and access to the industry;

3 …involves local people in decisions that affect their lives and life

chances;

4 …makes positive contributions to the conservation of natural and

cultural heritage, to the maintenance of the world's diversity;

5 …provides more enjoyable experiences for tourists through more

meaningful connections with local people, and a greater

understanding of local cultural, social and environmental issues;

6 …provides access for physically challenged people; and

7 …is culturally sensitive, engenders respect between tourists and

hosts, and builds local pride and confidence

Sustainable development “triple bottom line”: The core areas of action in responsible tourism

economic benefits to all

stakeholders

Economic

EnvironmentalSocial

Environmental guiding principles

avoid waste & over-consumption

diversity

awareness for sustainable

development

stakeholders

Economic guiding principles

• Assess economic impacts before

developing tourism

• Maximise local economic benefits by

increasing linkages and reducing

leakages

and benefit from tourism

• Assist with marketing and product

development

practices

Social guiding principles

planning and decision-making

activities

and cultural diversity

Tourism for all

Tourism information and

publicity

Clear indication of accessible services and facilities…

Preparation of staff Training in communicating with and providing assistance to customers with

disabilities and services and facilities available…

Tourism facilities and sites Provision of goods and services that cater for visitors with disabilities…

Accommodation facilities Allocation of specially designed rooms for people in a wheelchair or mobility

impaired…

Catering facilities Ease of internal and external access to restaurants, cafes and bars…

Museums and other

buildings of tourist interest

Ease of internal and external access, staff training, interpretation for vision and hearing impaired…

Excursions Tour buses accommodate tourists with physical disabilities, interpretation for

vision and hearing impaired, one or more staff trained in sign language…

The outcome of responsible tourism

“Better places for people

to live in and better places

Being a responsible traveller: environment

• Don’t litter

• Carry your own bag

• Avoid excessive waste

• Leave nature as it is

• Don’t disturb wildlife

• Put out cigarettes properly

• Reduce, re-use and recycle

• Carbon offset

• Save energy

• Do not purchase or eat endangered species

• Others?

Being a responsible traveller: economy

• Use accredited operators

• Buy locally made souvenirs

• Eat at local restaurants

• Stay in locally-owned places

• Purchase fair trade products

• Support responsible tourism organisations

• Others?

Being a responsible traveller: social

• Be considerate of the communities you visit

• Donate via reputable institutions

• Don’t give money to children and beggars

• Respect cultural difference

• Don’t support the illegal drug or sex trade

• Use responsible travel providers

• Use operators with responsible tourism policies

• Others?

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