Lecture responsible tourism unit 9 responsible tourism good practice for cultural heritage sites in vietnam

Unit outlineObjectives By the end of the unit participants will be able to: • Understand the positive and negative impacts of tourism on cultural heritage and the benefits of responsibl

UNIT 9 RESPONSIBLE TOURISM GOOD PRACTICE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN VIETNAM

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Unit outline

Objectives

By the end of the unit participants will be able to:

• Understand the positive and negative impacts of tourism on

cultural heritage and the benefits of responsible tourism

• Explain the importance of cultural heritage policy and planning

• Explain how to involve stakeholders in heritage planning and

management

• Identify ways to interpret and communicate cultural heritage

responsibly

• Explain good practices in the implementation of strategies to

minimise tourism impacts on cultural heritage sites

• Explain key principles in the development of responsible cultural

4 Cultural heritage conservation

& tourism impact management

5 Responsible cultural heritage product development

6 Sustainable financing for cultural heritage management

TOPIC 1 OVERVIEW OF CULTURAL

HERITAGE AND TOURISM IN VIETNAM

UNIT 9 RESPONSIBLE TOURISM GOOD

PRACTICE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN VIETNAM

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Defining cultural heritage

Heritage - something

inherited from the past

and passed on to future

generations

Cultural heritage - often

refers to masterpieces of

artistic and historic value

passed on over time

Picture source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chua_Mot_Cot.jpg

How UNESCO classifies cultural heritage

TANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE

Physical manifestations or symbols of

cultural expressions or traditions

INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE

Non-physical manifestations of cultural expressions and traditions of society

Picture source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng_K%E1%BB%B5_06.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:National_Museum_Vietnamese_History_47_(cropped).jpg

The importance of cultural heritage

3% MIXED PROPERTIES

Vietnam’s World Heritage Sites

The Centre of Thang Long Citadel

CULTURAL HERITAGE

NATURAL HERITAGE

Picture sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_An http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_S%C6%A1n http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_picture_candidates/A_Busy_Ha_Long_Bay

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phongnha17.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grave_khai_dinh.jpg

Number of heritage sites in Vietnam according

to type

Historic and cultural sites 51.20%

Architectural heritage sites 44.20%

Archeological sites 1.30%

Significant landscapes 3.30%

Vietnam’s heritage sites according to level of

The connection between cultural heritage and

deeper level of engagement with local culture over the past decade…”

EUROPEAN TRAVEL COMMISSION:

of travellers are strongly

influenced by history and culture in their choice of holiday destination (and

only 15% are not)

NATIONAL TRUST FOR HERITAGE PRESERVATION:

57%

What is cultural tourism?

A form of tourism connected with the movement of people

to satisfy cultural motivations

Picture sources: http://www.flickr.com/photos/shankbone/3269789156/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thang_Long_Water_Puppet_Theatre2.JPG

http://www.flickr.com/photos/lawtonjm/4309006912/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Th%E1%BA%BF_Mi%E1%BA%BFu_(Hu%E1%BA%BF).jpg

Cultural tourism is just one of many forms of

tourism

Picture sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elephant_safari.jpg;http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Rafting_em_Brotas.jpg; https://www.flickr.com/photos/lukema/8385805896/; http://www.flickr.com/photos/sblackley/2987232840/; http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-1254734424; https://www.flickr.com/photos/lukema/8385805896/;

http://www.flickr.com/photos/vinothchandar/6099012489/

Religious tourism

Business travel

Cultural tourism

Mass tourism

Adventure tourism

Ecotourism

Benefits of cultural heritage tourism

Contributes to the

revitalisation of traditional

handicrafts and intangible

cultural heritage

Provides new employment

opportunities and contributes to

local economic development

Tourism in Vietnam is growing fast – can cultural heritage managers keep up?

Are Vietnam’s heritage destinations about to

reach a critical threshold?

Exploration

Involvement Development

HOI AN

HA LONG BAY

Conceptual diagram of stage of development for key heritage sites in Vietnam

The challenges of cultural heritage tourism 1/2

http://www.clipartlab.com/clipart_preview/cl3-agriculture.php http://soundtrackforthepeople.wordpress.com/tag/marketing/

The challenges of cultural heritage tourism 2/2

Damage

Picture sources: http://www.flickr.com/photos/archer10/4331192254/

www.pixabay.com http://www.clipartheaven.com/show/clipart/international/people_-_cartoons/asian_farmer-gif.html

http://www.clker.com/clipart-14267.html

Responsible tourism: Building a sustainable

future for cultural heritage sites

Uses natural resources

optimally whilst still conserving the natural heritage and biodiversity

Ensures viable, long

term economic

benefits to all stakeholders including fair distribution of benefits

The responsible tourism approach

ENVIRONMENT

SOCIAL ECONOMIC

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

1 BE ACCOUNTABLE

3 TAKE ACTION

2 HAVE CAPACITY

RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

RESPONSIBLE TOURISM

We must accept that every decision and action we make

in our daily lives has an

impact

We must take

responsibility

for our actions

and acquire the

morals

More enjoyable

experiences for

tourists

The benefits of responsible tourism in cultural

heritage site management

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Pixabay, www.pixabay.com

Empowers locals

residents in development process

Economic and employment for

the community

Contributes to conservation of

cultural (and natural) heritage

Key components for applying responsible

tourism in cultural heritage site management

Cultural heritage site

planning for sustainability

TOPIC 2 Responsible cultural

TOPIC 2 CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE

PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY

UNIT 9 RESPONSIBLE TOURISM GOOD

PRACTICE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES IN VIETNAM

Picture source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ngomon2.jpg

What is the issue?

heritage are often not

developed or alternatively not

clear

frequently not co-ordinated

and integrated with other

sectors

often prioritised before plans

for heritage protection

Picture sources: http://www.flickr.com/photos/marfis75/404887342/

The role and importance of cultural heritage

site management plans

• Guides day-to-day operation and on-going

physical and interpretive features

• Balances maintaining / enhancing heritage

integrity with generating sufficient visitor

volume to meet income requirements

• Objectives:

– Maintain the site’s sense of place and integrity

– Preserve the site’s culturally significant

dimensions

– Identify issues of management concern

– Promote the role of all stakeholders to devise a

management strategy to allow the site to

effectively meet a variety of challenges

Key considerations

in responsible cultural heritage site management plans

• Product authenticity and quality

• Financial viability

• Stakeholder participation

• Management of negative impacts

Benefits of cultural heritage plans that follow

responsible tourism principles

Reduces impacts on the

local environment and

improves quality of life for

local residents

Better ensures cultural

heritage offers meet

market trends and

Better ensures cultural

heritage sites achieve

legal, social, business standards and goals

Provides all stakeholders

with greater involvement and power to inform

cultural heritage site development

CULTURAL

HERITAGE SITE

PLANNING

1 Be guided by a comprehensive cultural heritage site management plan participation and 2 Embrace

build partnerships

3 Adopt a sectoral and regional approach

cross-Principles of good practice in responsible

cultural heritage site planning

Principle 1 Be guided by a comprehensive

cultural heritage site management plan

sites can encourage investment

and growth

achieved by traditional,

uncoordinated planning

manage different demands by linking cultural

heritage protection with socio-economic and

environmental development

Picture source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/33151788@N04/4556006631/

Good practices in developing cultural heritage

plans

and management

education, labour, and natural resources

Key steps in adopting a cultural heritage

integrated management plan

PREPARATION

OF CULTURAL HERITAGE PLAN

ELABORATION –ADAPTATION

REVIEW –MONITORING

• Situation analysis

• Development of plan objectives, content and structure

• Defining work plan

• Vision and objectives

• Fields of action, objectives, strategies, and issues

Key inclusions in a cultural heritage site

integrated management plan

management plan

significance and individual values / authenticity / integrity, dangers and threats, instruments for safeguarding, relevant stakeholders for conservation and development, and organisational / operational structures and procedures

cultural site: overall vision and general objectives for the area, field of actions, objectives, strategies, and

organisational and operational structures and procedures

Implementation

& monitoring

Provides an action plan/ implementation plan, and steps for continuous monitoring and review

Integrate sustainability issues into planning:

S Preserving the visual integrity of a place

Identifying, evaluating, assessing and documenting cultural heritage values

Conserving, restoring and maintaining authentic cultural heritage and preserving traditional uses Preserving intangible values

Regulating new developments in the heritage site area and careful adaptation of buildings to new uses Traffic control

Mobility / accessibility in cultural area for all generations / social groups

Security of buildings Public space improvement Cultural identity of community Authentic heritage interpretation (including communications & marketing)

Integrate sustainability issues into planning:

for natural hazards and climate change

Adaptation of cultural heritage to environmental needs

Improving recreational and green areas in the old town

Special climatic conditions Weathering of historic urban fabric Drainage

Integrate sustainability issues into planning:

Accessibility Overall local needs Commercial signs in public space Balancing tourism offers with inhabitants’ needs

OBJECTIVE

Attracting and

retaining a mix of

economic uses that

meets the needs of

Ground planning in best practice:

The ICOMOS Charter

1 Conservation should provide for members of

the host community and visitors to responsibly

experience and understand that community's

indigenous peoples should

be involved in planning for

conservation and tourism.

2 The relationship between Heritage Places and

Tourism is dynamic and may involve conflicting

values It should be managed in a sustainable

activities should benefit the

host community.

3 Conservation and Tourism Planning for

Heritage Places should ensure that the Visitor

Experience will be worthwhile, satisfying and

and enhance Natural and Cultural Heritage

characteristics

Using the PUP methodology in cultural heritage

site planning

participation of relevant stakeholders

and skills in managing participatory

techniques

Phase 1

Planning preparation

Phase 2

Planning for heritage

Phase 3 Write

up tourism management

plan

Phase 1 Planning preparation

• Initial stakeholder presentations and interviews

Phase 2 Planning for heritage

• Develop

interpretative framework

7

• Financial plan

8

Phase 3 Write up cultural heritage

• Finalise the management plan

3

Principle 2 Embrace participation and

partnerships in cultural heritage site planning

involves stakeholders from the local to

international level

goals

heritage site planning helps ensure all goals are achieved and that fewer negative impacts are felt

Stakeholder areas of interest in cultural

heritage site planning

Community

• Economic development

• Recreational facilities

• Preservation of social values

Tourism industry

• Tourism infrastructure

• Visitor facilities

• Heritage interpretation

• Profit

Site managers

• Protection of heritage sites and their

presentation

• Facilities management

• Visitor management

Build on stakeholder strengths

GOVERNMENT: Provision of destination

infrastructure, visitor safety and security, favourable

policies and plans to promote socio-economic

development, revenue capture and management,

destination marketing

PRIVATE SECTOR: Marketing of heritage site and

destination, provision of goods and services to support tourism in heritage destination, advice, guidance and support in product development and

capacity building

LOCAL RESIDENTS: Influence decisions on

management and use of heritage site, employment /

human resources on site, operation of tourism or

cultural enterprises, input into cultural heritage

research, planning and development., cultural

ambassadors and volunteers.

Development agencies: Technical assistance for

physical development, financing of restoration / research, cultural heritage capacity building

STAKEHOLDER AREAS OF INPUT FOR CONSIDERATION IN

PLANNING

Benefits of broad stakeholder participation and

partnerships

• Saves time and money

• Reduces delays or blockages in heritage development

• Clarifies religious and cultural values and helps identify problem areas

• Provides input regarding desired conditions and standards

• Fosters provision of human and financial resources

to assist development of cultural heritage sites

Tips for gaining stakeholder participation in

cultural heritage site planning

Involve key stakeholders early on

in the process (esp in cultural mapping and identification of

tourism development options)

Encourage broad operation through a multi-stakeholder steering committee that

co-is actively involved in setting planning goals, objectives, strategies and activities

Foster ongoing stakeholder input in planning and

development through regular public

meetings, workshops and forums

Specific areas for community involvement in

cultural heritage site planning

would like to gain from

tourism

tourism that would

complement the local way of

communities and experts to build capacity, awareness and information exchange

programmes

Agency policies, strategies Regional plans, broad-scale land management plans

Management plans for Cultural heritages

unless it fits in with relevant

higher level plans and policies

formal agreements

designating the area and

confirm their meaning

purpose and goals of

the management

plan

Cultural heritage management plans fit here

Adopt a regional approach in heritage planning

and management

• Cultural heritage sites are impacted

upon by external decisions, activities

• CH management plans must

consider impacts outside its

boundaries

• Particularly important when

other administrations manage

outside areas

• For success, CH planning see

itself as aiming to build more

sustainable patterns of development in

general

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