ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP GIỮA KÌ KHỐI 12 ( UNIT 1 –UNIT 3) PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT A GRAMMAR REVIEW UNIT 1 I A/AN/THE • A/an/the là những từ hết sức quen thuộc trong tiếng Anh, chúng được gọi là mạo từ Có 2 loại mạo từ[.]
Trang 1ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP GIỮA KÌ KHỐI 12
( UNIT 1 –UNIT 3) PHẦN LÝ THUYẾT A.GRAMMAR REVIEW UNIT 1
I A/AN/THE
• A/an/the là những từ hết sức quen thuộc trong tiếng Anh, chúng được gọi là mạo từ
Có 2 loại mạo từ: mạo từ không xác định và mạo từ xác định
1 Cách dùng mạo từ không xác định “a” và “an”
• Dùng “a” hoặc “an” trước một danh từ số ít đếm được Chúng có nghĩa là một Chúng được dùng
trong câu có tính khái quát hoặc đề cập đến một chủ thể chưa được đề cập từ trước
Ex: - A ball is round (nghĩa chung, khái quát, chỉ tất cả các quả bóng): Quả bóng hình tròn
- He has seen a girl (chúng ta không biết cô gái nào, chưa được đề cập trước đó): Anh ấy vừa mớigặp
một cô gái
a Dùng "an” trước:
- Quán từ "an" được dùng trước các từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (trong cách phát âm, chứ không phải
trong cách viết) Bao gồm:
- Các từ bắt đầu bằng các nguyên âm “a, e, i, o” Ví dụ: an apple (một quả táo), an orange (một quả
cam)
- Một số từ bắt đầu bằng “u”: Ví dụ: an umbrella (một cái ô)
- Một số từ bắt đầu bằng “h” câm: Ví dụ: an hour (một tiếng)
- Các từ mở đầu bằng một chữ viết tắt: an S.O.S/ an M.P
b Dùng "a" trước:
- Dùng “a” trước các từ bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm Chúng bao gồm các chữ cái còn lại và một số trường hợp bắt đầu bằng "u, y, h".
Ex: A house (một ngôi nhà), a year (một năm), a uniform (một bộ đồng phục)
- Đứng trước một danh từ mở đầu bằng "uni " và "eu" phải dùng "a": Ví dụ: a university (trường đại
học), a union (tổ chức), a culogy (lời ca ngợi)
- Dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lượng nhất định như: a lot of/ a great deal of/ a couple/ a dozen
Ex: I want to buy a dozen eggs (Tôi muốn mua 1 tả trứng.)
- Dùng với các đơn vị phân số như : 1/3 ( a/ one third), 1/5 (a/ one fifth), 1/4 (a quarter)
Ex: I get up at a quarter past six (Tôi thức dậy lúc 6 giờ 15 phút.)
2 Cách dùng mạo từ xác định “the”
• Dùng “the” trước một danh từ đã được xác định cụ thể về mặt tính chất, đặc điểm, vị trí hoặc đã được
đề cập đến trước đó, hoặc những khái niệm phổ thông, ai cũng biết
Ex: - The man next to Lin is my friend (Trong câu này cả người nói và người nghe đều biết đó là người
đàn ông nào) Người đàn ông bên cạnh Lin là bạn của tôi
- The sun is big (Mặt trời chỉ có một) Mặt trời rất lớn
• Với danh từ không đếm được, dùng “the” nếu nói đến một vật cụ thể, không dùng “the” nếu nói
chung
Ex: - Chili is very hot (Chỉ các loại ớt nói chung) Ớt rất cay
- The chili on the table has been bought (Cụ thể là ớt ở trên bàn) Ớt ở trên bàn vừa mới được mua
• Với danh từ đếm được số nhiều, khi chúng có nghĩa đại diện chung cho một lớp các vật cùng loại thì
cũng không dùng "the"
Ex: Students should do homework before going to school (Học sinh nói chung)
Học sinh nên làm bài tập về nhà trước khi đến trường
II REVIEW THE SIMPLE PAST & PAST CONTINUOUS
1 Simple past (Quá khứ đơn)
a Với động từ "to be":
(+) S + was/ were + O (-) S + wasn't/ weren't + O (?) Was/ were (not) + S + O?
Trang 2b Với động từ khác:
(+) S + Ved + O (-) S + didn't + V + O (?) Did (not) + S + V + O?
Uses (Cách sử dụng)
• Điều tra hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt hoàn toàn trong quá khứ
Ex: - I saw a movie yesterday
- Last year, I traveled to Japan
• Diễn tà một chuỗi các hành động liên tiếp xảy ra trong quá khứ
Ex: - I finished work, walked to the beach and found a nice place to swim
- Did you add flour, pour the milk and then add the eggs?
c Adverds (Trạng ngữ nhận biết)
• Yesterday, ago, upon a time, in 1945 (in a specific year in the past ), last
* Cách phát âm đối với động từ có đuôi “ed”:
Đúng nhất: Theo phiên âm quốc tế, khi -ED đứng sau các âm sau sẽ được phát âm như sau:
/t/ /p/-p,pe /k/-k,ke /f/-f,ph,gh /ʃ/-sh /tʃ/-ch /s/ -s,x,
se,ce /θ/ -th/d/ Các nguyên âm và phụ âm còn lại (/b,d,g,v,r,m.l,n, y,w) ce, se /z/
Ex:
/ɪd/ wanted, needed, demanded, suggested, mended, hated, visited, …
/t/ walked, liked, stopped, raped, washed, watched, laughed, sentenced, rated, looked, cooked,
sniffed, missed, mixed
/d/ played, studied, changed, decreed,
Note:
• Khi *th phát âm là /θ/ thì -ed mới phát âm là /t/ như breathed,
• Khi *th phát âm là /ð/ thì -ed có phát âm là /d/ như bathed,
• Khi *gh phát âm là /f/ thi -ed phát âm là /t/ như laughed, coughed,
• Khi *gh là âm câm thi -ed phát âm là /d/ như ploughed,
• Nguyên âm + S + ED thì -ed thường được phát âm là /d/ như praised, chased, raised
Ngoại lệ:
- Một số tỉnh từ sau có cách phát âm của -ed là /ɪd/: naked /'neɪkɪd/, learned /'lə:nɪd/, aged /eɪdʒɪd/, beloved /bɪ'lʌvɪd/, blessed /'blesɪd/, crooked /'krʊkɪd/, ragged /'ræɡɪd/, sacred /'seɪkrɪd/,
wretched /'retʃɪd/,
- Phần ngoại lệ: Có một chữ có -ed tận cùng được phát âm là /əd/ Chữ đó là hundred /'hʌndrəd/
2 Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
a Form
(+) S + was/ were + V-ing +O (-) S + wasn't/ weren't + V-ing + O (?) Was/ were (not) + S + V-ing + O?
b Uses (Cách sử dụng)
• Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
Ex: I was sleeping at 12 o'clock last night
• Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì một hành động khác xen vào hành động đang xảy ra dùng QKTD; hành động xen vào dùng QKĐ
Ex: I was studying when he came in
• Diễn tả nhiều hành động xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ (đi với while)
Ex: Yesterday evening, my mother was cooking while my father was reading books
c Advs (Trạng ngữ nhận biết)
At (specific time)
From to last night yesterday, one year ago
At this/ that time yesterday
While/ When=As
d Những động từ không chia ở các thì tiếp diễn:
Trang 3Một số động từ chỉ cảm xúc (like, love ) hay (know, believe, want) không được chia các thì tiếp diễn (kể cả hiện tại tiếp diễn hay quá khứ tiếp diễn)
Verbs of thinking believe, doubt, guess, imagine, know, realize, suppose, understand
Verbs of the senses hear, smell, sound, taste
Verbs of possession belong to have (meaning possess), own, possess
Verbs of emotion dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish
Verbs of appearance appear, seem
Others contain, depend on, include, involve, mean, measure, weigh, require Ex: Jane was being at my house when you arrived
Jane was at my house when you arrived
B GRAMMAR REVIEW UNIT 2
I CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH (Subjunctive)
Câu giả định hay còn gọi là câu cầu khiến là loại câu mà đối tượng thứ nhất muốn đối tượng thứ hai làm một việc gì nhưng không mang tính ép buộc như câu mệnh lệnh Trong câu giả định, người ta dùng dạng
nguyên thể không có TO của động từ sau một số động từ chính mang tính cầu khiến THAT phải luôn
xuất hiện trong dạng câu này
Subject + Verb (any tense) + that + subject + (should) +(not) verb/be P2
1 Những động từ và danh từ thường được theo sau bởi Subjunctive là:
advise (v) advice n command (v) command (n)
demand (v) demand (n) suggest (v) suggestion (n)
prefer (v) preference (n) recommend (v) recommendation n
require (v) requirement (n) decree (v) decree (n)
insist (v) insistence (n) request v request (n)
propose (v) proposal (n) urge v urgency n
Ex: His parents insisted that he (should) find a job and settle down in a big city
She demanded that I (should ) not tell her the truth
The recommendation that all people affected by the storm (should) be evacuated immediately wasapproved
2 Những tính từ thường được theo sau bởi Subjunctive là:
It + be (any tense) + adjective + that + subject + (should)(not) verb/be P2
Ex: It is necessary that everyone be here on time
It is essential that pollution be controlled and eventually eliminated
Lưu ý: Nếu bỏ THAT trong công thức trên thì: It be adj (for somebody) to Vinf
• It is necessary that everyone be here on time
→ It is necessary for everyone to be here on time
3 Dùng với một số trường hợp khác
• Câu giả định còn dùng được trong một số câu cảm thán, thường bao hàm các thế lực siêu nhiên
Ex: God save the queen! (Chúa phù hộ cho nữ hoàng.)
God be with you! = Good bye (Khi chia tay nhau.)
Curse this frog! (Chết tiệt con cóc này?)
• Dùng với một số thành ngữ:
- Come what may: Dù có chuyện gì đi nữa
Ex: Come what may we will stand by you
- If need be: Nếu cần
Ex: If need be we can take another road
• Dùng với “if this be” trong trường hợp muốn nêu ra một giả định từ phía người nói nhưng không thật chắc chắn lắm về khả năng
Ex: If this be prevent right, you would be considered innocent
4 Câu giả định dung với it is time
It is time + (for smb) to do sth:Đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì (thời gian không giả định)
Trang 4Ex: It is time for me to get to the airport (just in time)
It is time/ high time/ about time + subject + simple past(Đã đến lúc ,giả định thời gian đến trễ một chút)
Ex: It’s high time I left for the airport = (It is a little bit late)
C GRAMMAR REVIEW UNIT 3
I CONNECTING WORDS (TỪ NỐI)
+ And, but, yet, so, or, not only but also
+ Moreover = Furthermore, What's more: hơn thế nữa
+ In addition: thêm vào đó + Besides: ngoài ra
+ However = Netherless: tuy nhiên, nhưng
+ On the other hand: mặt khác
+ In contrast; trái lại = On the contrary: ngược lại
+thus, hence, Therefore: vì vậy / Accordingly: do đó
+As a result/ Consequently: kết quả là
….………
PRACTICE PRONUNCIATION
1 A crowd B disposal C growth D process
2 A congestion B prestige C connect D harvest
6 A combustion B consumption C bronchitis D custom
11 A pleasant B health C wealthy D breathe
12 A come B roll C comb D grow
13 A fear B realize C pear D near
4 A revolution B election C interrogation D question
STRESS
1: A access B afford C brochure D casual
2: A behaviour B determined C counselor D decisive
3: A donate B compare C campaign D flashy
4: A experience B mobility C independent D Prioritize
5: A romantic B solution C protective D elegant
6: A legal B obey C forbid D impose
7: A constitution B disrespectful C sympathetic D elongated
8: A generational B interpersonal C discrimination D nationality
9: A studious B unite C mature D involve
Trang 510: A frustrating B charity C impairment D infectious
11: A hospital B mischievous C supportive D special
12: A family B whenever C obedient D solution
13: A biologist B generally C responsible D security
14: A confident B important C together D exciting
15: A possible B university C secondary D suitable
16: A emigrate B immigrate C advocate D inhabit
17: A confide B comfort C inflate D severe
18: A biology B environment C geography D scientific
19: A estimate B prestigious C proportion D urbanity
20: A drawback B greenhouse C mindset D overload
21: A belong B indeed C private D emit
22: A architect B electronic C mineral D luxury
23: A overwhelming B incredible C optimistic D intellectual
24: A tendency B incidence C importance D difference
25: A photocopy B particular C enthusiasm D economy
26 A emigrate B immigrate C advocate D inhabit
27 A confide B comfort C inflate D severe
28 A biology B environment C geography D scientific
29 A estimate B prestigious C proportion D urbanity
30 A drawback B greenhouse C mindset D overload
31 A hazardous B nutritional C renewable D organic
32 A assessment B pollutant C replacement D purification
33 A sanitation B lubricant C sewage D climate
35 A appliance B emission C hydrogen D default
36 A atmosphere B damage C vehicle D alternative
37 A immediate B absorbent C potential D respiratory
39 A automatic B conversation C disadvantage D reasonable
40 A community B particular C mathematics D authority
41 A preference B attraction C advantageD infinitive
42 A interview B essential C comfortable D industry
43 A situation B interrogation C detention D coalition
44 A difficult B simplicity C discovery D commodity
A equality B originate C appropriate D vegetarian
VOCABULARY/ GRAMMAR
1: I live in a/an with my parents and my elder sister in the coastal area.
A extended family B nuclear family C extended house D nuclear house
2: One advantage of living in a/an is to strengthen relationship between young children and adults.
A nuclear family B nuclear house C extended family D extended house
3: In my opinion, family members are responsible for .
A the housework B the chores C homework D A and B
4: My grandpa is the most conservative person in my family He never about way of life.
A gives his opinion B changes his mind C gives his view D keeps in mind
5: After graduating from university, I want to my father's footsteps.
A follow in B succeed in C go after D keep up
Trang 66: In a nuclear family, both mother and father have responsibility for housekeeping and .
A child care B homework C childcare D generation gap
7: The UK is considering the proposal that it compensations for damages of the Indian embassy.
A been paying B is paying C paid D pay
8 The council wants to the character of the city while reconstructing the Old Quarter
A preserve B store C defense D abandon
9 Heavy traffic us so we came to the meeting rather late
A promoted B arrested C canceled D delayed
10 It turned out to be a journey when the weather became bad
A hazard B hazardous C hazarded D hazarding
11 Poaching the greatest threat to many species
A creates B presents C poses D produces
12 the wild, giant pandas eat bamboo
13 This species of African elephants is
A dying out B dying of C dying on D dying down
14 is wiping out many kinds of plants and animals
A Defoliation B Deforestation C Deformation D Degradation
15 The tiger is of extinction It is difficult to find them in the wild
A on the wing B on the rocks C on the verge D on the ground
16 Switching to eco light bulb is one way to protect the environment
A energy-wasting B energy-expending C energy-lacking D energy-saving
17 batteries or solar chargers are some of the solutions to the lack of energy
A Rechargeable B Reversible C Repeatable D Returnable
18 I never leave any electrical appliances on standby and I think it is a good way to energy in the home
A take care of B use C keep D conserve
19 Nowadays, people are searching for more materials to build their houses
A environment-friendly B environmentally-friendly
C environmental-friendly D environmental-friend
20 Every piece of equipment was sent to the fire
A consumable B spendable C available D disposable
21 In the agriculture, farmers try to limit the use of chemicals and fertilizers
A sustainable B conserving C preserving D supporting
22 In Singapore, people try to 80% of all waste
A reprocess B reclaim C recycle D reuse
23 We need to act quickly to to climate change, or it will be a disaster for the whole planet
A adapt B go back C reverse D transit
24 There is little of things improving soon
A probability B probably C probable D probabilities
25 he was waiting for Sam outside the cinema, Jim realized that the street was funnily crowded
26 I didn't meet him right away he had to talk to his boss first
27 what has happened, I think she will never return
Trang 728 There wasn't a chair for the headmaster, is a big problem
29 The student wiped the board was full of notes and drawings
A that B while C after D so
30 True Blood is my favourite TV series, I don't have much time to watch it often
31 After the children finished their dinner, they went to bed listened to a bedtime story before falling asleep
32 The kids show some hatred towards him, he was really nice to them
A because B before C unless D even though
33 We can leave you are ready
A whatever B whoever C whenever D whichever
34 I like swimming my sister likes jogging and dancing
A whereas B when C whenever D so
35 The monk insisted that the tourists the temple until they had removed their shoes
A not enter B not entering C not to enter D to not enter
36 I propose that we all together so that nobody gets lost along the way
A be driving B drive C driven D driving
37 It has been proposed that we the topic
A not change B not to change C to change D to not change
38 The map of top ten most densely countries in the world includes Monaco, Singapore, Bahrain, Malta and Bangladesh
A populated B populating C population D popular
39 Interactive games could be used in order to keep students
A engage B engaged C engagement D engaging
40 The eventually realize that reckless of the earth’s resources can lead only to eventually global disaster
A exploitB exploitableC exploitationD Exploitative
41 I was absolutely with envy when I saw his splendid new car
A redB whiteC blackD Green
42 If we change our consumption habits, we can reduce our
A carbon footprint B exhaust fumes C renewable energy D Gases
43 Han Mac Tu was part of the new poetic in Viet Nam at the beginning of the 20th century
a accomplished b related – master c movement d pioneer
6 Steve Jobs is recognized as a pioneer in the field of microcomputer revolution
7 When I (arrive) at this house, he (sleep)
a Arrive/sleep b arrived/ slept c arrived/ was sleeping d was arriving/ slept
8 The light (go) out while we (have) dinner
a went/were having b went/ was having c was going/ had d was going/ was having
10 He was most talented football player that our school had produced in years His talent for _ football was great
Trang 84 Do you know Professor Phan Huy Le whose great achievement was his books on history of Viet Nam in 19th century?
4 I first met her four years ago when we at a middle school
A had been studying B are studying C have been studying D were studying
13 Le Loi used the war, moving from little to large scale
A mid-term B short-term C long-term D half term
6 While I TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor
A watch B watched C was watching D am watching
5 Energy _should also be evaluated with the goal of minimizing air pollution
6 The greater amounts of oil and other fuels burned to create energy _chemicals which add to globalwarming
7 A friend of mine, father is the manager of a company, helped me to find the job
a who b that c whom d whose
8 Everyone went to the party enjoyed it very much a who b whose c whom d of whom
9 Picasso, works inspired many other artists, lived until he was a ripe old age
a who b whose c that d which
10 Jim passed his driving test, _ surprised everybody a what b that c which d who
11 It rained all the time, _ was a great pity a that b what c which d who
12.Tonight I'll do the assignment gave us last week
a the teacher b who the teacher c whom the teacher d of the teacher
13.They asked me a lot of questions, _ I couldn’t answer
A most of which B of which most C most of that D of that most
14.That is the house in I used to live
15.The man _ is my teacher A who she is speaking to B whom she is speaking with
C to whom she is speaking D to whom she is speaking with
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
Trang 910 Neither Lan or her friends care about the coming exam.
14.Having finished his term paper before the deadline, it was delivered to the professor before the class
15 Much of the solar energy that reaches rural areas is consume by evaporation of water fromvegetation and soil
A.Much B.that C consume D evaporation
CLOSEST IN MEANING
1: She was brought up in the slums of Leeds.
A downtown area B industrial area C poor area D rural area
2: Many illnesses in refugee camps are the result of inadequate sanitation.
A cleanliness B dirtiness
C pollution D uncleanliness
3: There has been a hot debate among the scientists relating to the pros and cons of using robotic probes
to study distant objects in space
A problems and solutions B advantages and disadvantages
C solutions and limitations D causes and effects
4 For environmental safety, we need to find ways to reduce emission of fumes and smoke of factories
A leak B release C poison D pollutant
5 Nylon is a man-made fibre, the use of which has helped more people to have cheaper and more
colourful clothes to wear
A natural B plastic C synthetic D artificial
6 The advances of commercial airplanes resulted in a shrinking world
A decreasing B reduced C smaller D compressing
7 We have to suffer from traffic congestion and pollution every day
A accident B fullness C mass D crowd
8 Many animals were born in captivity Resultantly, they do not always breed well
A imprisonment B lock C detention D freedom
9 The African rhino is an endangered species and needs protecting
A unstable B dangerous C insecure D indefensible
10 We can protect many species by keeping them in wildlife reserves
A protected land B saved land C park D Zoo
11 Scientists are trying to find an energy that consumes less fuel
A waste B destroy C eat up D use
12 Modern buildings are designed to maximize natural light
A absorb B increase C let D diminish
13 It's wise to use local fresh produce which is in season
A cars B restaurants C crops D water
14 The number of rhinos is in steady decline There are fewer rhinos than ever before
A occasional B constant C stable D Persistent
15 Mother Teresa was a Roman Catholic nun who devoted her life to serving the poor and destitute around the world
A committed B dedicated C committed D attended
Trang 10OPPOSITE IN MEANING
1 The new policy will help generate more jobs
A bring out B form C produce D terminate
2 Her only problem is the limited experience because she is too young
A narrow B considerable C insufficient D restricted
3 The river is badly polluted with toxic chemicals from that factory
A poisonous B harmful C all right D deadly
4 I don't believe in anything he says, he is unreliable
A inaccurate B unstable C trustworthy D irresponsible
5 'If we continue to deplete our planets natural resources, we will damage the environment significantly
A use up B add to C reduce D exhaust
6 She stays incredibly focused and is never distracted by others
A disturbed B confused C bewildered D concentrated
7 Many people move to urban areas seeking for job opportunity as well as stable employment
A durable B long-lasting C steady D temporary
8 The best hope of' avoiding downmarket tabloid TV future lies in the pressure currently being put on the networks to clean up their act
A expensive B famous C poor quality D uncreative
SPEAKING
1 Jenny: "I think higher living standard is one of the reasons that many people want to be a city
dweller." - Mark: “ ”
A I couldn't agree more B It's nice of you to say so
C That's quite all right D Why not?
2 Anna: "Personally, I love peaceful and quiet life in rural areas." - Jenny: “ ”
A Neither do I B No, I won't C So do I D Yes, I like it
3 Anna: "In my opinion, some people should stay in rural areas as well as work on agriculture." - Mark:
“ ”
A I'm not afraid I don't agree B I'm not sure about that
C I'm so sorry, but I agree D Not at all, thanks
4 Would you mind closing the door?
A Yes, I do B No, of course not C Yes, please D No, thank you
5 Hi, what are you looking for?
A Yes, I usually look for things B No way I am gonna show you
C Oil Oil that we use for cooking D OK, I'll take it
6 Hi, Alice Would you like to go to the movies tonight?
A Fine I'll be there B Thanks I love to
C I'll be ready in no time D Why? What's the matter?
7 Excuse me, could I talk to the manager?
A Yes, I would love to B Yes, I will give it to you
C Yes, of course D Yes, thank you
8 "Oops! I’m sorry for stepping on your foot" – “ .”
A Never mind B You don't mind C You're welcome D That's fine
WRITING
1: There is always conflict between parents and children However, they still should talk and share
things with each other
A Although there is always conflict between parents and children, they still should talk and share thingswith each other
Trang 11B There is always conflict between parents and children, so they still should talk and share things witheach other.
C Unless there is always conflict between parents and children, they still should talk and share thingswith each other
D Not only there is always conflict between parents and children, but they still should talk and sharethings with each other
2: Your parents will help you with the problem You should tell them the story.
A Because your parents will help you with the problem, you should tell them the story
B Your parents will help you with the problem since you should tell them the story
C If your parents will help you with the problem, you should tell them the story
D Your parents will help you with the problem because you should tell them the story
3: Unemployment rate is high This makes many children move back to their parents' house.
A Many children move back to their parents' house, which makes high unemployment rate
B High unemployment rate forces many children to move back to their parents' house
C Moving back to their parents' house suggests that the unemployment rate is high
D It is necessary to move back to your parents' house if unemployment rate is high
4: She is an honest person She is also a very friendly one.
A She is an honest but friendly person
B She is not only an honest but also a very friendly person
C Though she is a honest person, she is friendly
D Being honest is necessary to become friendly
5: The car was very expensive and he couldn’t afford it.
A The car was very expensive so that he couldn’t buy it
B The car was too expensive for him to buy
C He was rich enough to buy the car D He was so poor but he bought the car
6: Rapid ups and downs in the number of students could be observed in June.
A The number of students changed dramatically in June
B The number of students did not stay the same in June
C The number of students fluctuated wildly in June
D The number of students went up and then fell in June
7 People in Australia are so environmentally-friendly that they create the greenest country in the world
A Australia is the greenest country in the world though the people are environmentally friendly
B Australia is the greenest country in the world because the people are environmentally friendly
C Australia is the greenest country in the world while the people are environmentally-friendly
D Australia is the greenest country in the world if the people are environmentally friendly
8 We might stop here if you don't change your way of speaking
A We might stop here unless you don't change your way of speaking
B We might stop here if you change your way of speaking
C We might stop here unless you change your way of speaking
D We might stop here if not you change your way of speaking
9 When the class was over, the students ran out, screamed and shouted
A As long as the class finished, the students ran out, screamed and shouted
B No sooner was the class over, the students ran out, screamed and shouted
C As soon as the class had finished, the students ran out, screamed and shouted
D If the class was over, the students would run out, scream and shout
10 He was about to do something when his mother suddenly shouted out
A He was doing something when his mother suddenly shouted out
B He refused to do something about his mother suddenly shouting out
C He was on the point of doing something when his mother suddenly shouted out
D His mother's sudden shouting out helped him to do something
11 Merry allows her children to stay up late on Saturday evenings
Trang 12A Merry makes her children stay up late on Saturday evenings
B Merry gets her children to stay up late on Saturday evenings
C Merry helps her children stay up late on Saturday evenings
D Merry lets her children stay up late on Saturday evenings
12 I was under a strong impression that she had not told the truth
A I believed that she had not told the truth B I doubted that she had not told the truth
C I protested that she had not told the truth D I insisted that she had not told the truth
13 We paid for the meal We wanted to say sorry for what we had done
A In order to pay for the meal, we wanted to say sorry for what we had done
B We paid for the meal in order to say sorry for what we had done
C We paid for the meal although we wanted to say sorry for what we had done
D The meal we paid for is what we want to say sorry for what we had done
14 My sister thinks the film is too frightening I am not scared at all
A My sister thinks the film is too frightening because I am not scared at all
B My sister thinks the film is too frightening so I am not scared at all
C My sister thinks the film is too frightening whereas I am not scared at all
D My sister thinks the film is too frightening although I am not scared at all
15 He bought her flowers and diamond rings This action made her fall in love with him
A He bought her flowers and diamond rings, what made her fall in love with him
B He bought her flowers and diamond rings, that made her fall in love with him
C He bought her flowers and diamond rings, which made her fall in love with him
D He bought her flowers and diamond rings which made her fall in love with him
16 He was so angry with his boss He quitted his job immediately
A Angry with his boss, he quitted his job immediately
B He quitted his job immediately, angry with his boss
C Angry with his boss he is, he quitted his job immediately
D He was so angry with his boss although quitting his job immediately
17 Something hit the door I heard a slam
A Something hit the door but I heard a slam B Something hit the door when I heard a slam
C Something hit the door though I heard a slam D Something hit the door for I heard a slam
18 He doesn't like going out He doesn't invite any friends home
A He either goes out or invites any friends home
B He neither goes out nor invites any friends home
C He not only goes out but also invites any friends home
D He goes out but not invites any friends home
READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct answer
The American type of football was developed in the 19th century from soccer and rugby football Played
by professionals, amateurs, college and high school students, or young children, football in American is one of the most popular sports besides basketball and baseball It attracts millions of fans each fall and people are very supportive of their favourite teams The football playing field of today is rectangular in shape and measures 100 yards long and 53.5 yards wide White lines are painted on the playing field to mark off the distances to the end zone The games is divided into four quarters, each fifteen minutes long The first two quarters are known as the first half There is a rest period between two halves which usually last about fifteen minutes Each team has eleven players Each team has offensive players who play when the team has possession of the ball and defensive players who play when the other team has the possession of the ball Because of the body contact players have during the game, helmets are worn
Trang 13to protect their head and face area, whereas pads are worn to protect the shoulders, arms, and legs Also, there are officials carrying whistles and flags to make certain that the rules of the game are followed during the game The football is made of leather and is brown in colour It is shaped much like an oval and has white rings near each end of the football These rings help the players see the ball when it is thrown or someone is running with it The eight stitches on the top of the football help the players to gripthe ball when throwing or passing The most famous game of the year is Super Bowl that is played in January or February It is televised around the world and is watched by millions of people each year.
Question 1: What do officials do during the game of football?
A build up excitement among the fans B supervise the game
C take up tickets D spectate the game
Question 2: As mentioned in the text, who are the most active when their team has the ball?
A offensive players B defensive players C the officials D the fans
Question 3: Playing American football is the most similar to playing
A rugby football B basketball C baseball D volleyball
Question 4: What do pads help the players to protect?
A their legs and arms B their heads C the whole body D their faces
Question 5: When is the most famous football game held annually?
A in the fall B January C February D January or February
Question 6: Why are there white rings on each end of the football?
A to mark off the distances to the end zone B to help players run
C to help players score D to help players see the ball
Question 7: The word "grip" in the passage means to
A avoid something B take something away C hold something tightly D detect something
Question 8: Which is the most popular sport in the US?
A Rugby football B Soccer C American football D It's not mentioned
Question 9: How many people watch the match every year?
A millions B billions C a million D a billion
Read the following passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct answer
Who talks more - men or women? Most people believe that women talk more However, linguistDeborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is astereotype According to Tannen, women are more verbal - talk more - in private situations, where theyuse conversation as the “glue’ to hold relationships together But, she says, men talk more in publicsituations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status Tannen points out that
we can see these difference even in children Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their playincludes a lot of conversation Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves moredoing than talking In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better atmathematics
A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference Researchersstudied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents They found evidence that parents talkvery differently to their sons than they do to their daughters The startling conclusion was that parentsuse more language with their girls Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use moredescriptive language and more details There is also far more talk about emotions, especially withdaughters than with sons
Question 1: Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?
A Women talk more than men on the whole B Women’s talking is a stereotype
C Women talk more in private, and men talk more in public
D Little boys and little girls have different ways of playing
Question 2: Which word is similar in meaning to the word “glue” ?
A games B sticky substance C rope D means
Question 3: Which of the following phrases best explains the meaning of the word “verbal”?
A Deriving from verbs B Connected with use of spoken language
C Using very loud noise D Being very talkative
Question 4: The word “they” refers to _.
Trang 14A Situations B Men C Men and women D Women
Question 5: Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?
A Researchers have studied the conversations of children and their parents
B Parents do not talk much about sadness with their sons
C Study at Emory University can help to explain the differences between communication styles of boysand girls
D An Emory University study found than parents talk more with their daughters than with their sons
Question 6: Which of the following statement is TRUE about the passage?
A Parents give more love to their daughters than to their sons
B Boys don’t like to be with their parents as much as girls do
C Parents use more language to talk with their daughters D Boys don’t like showing emotions
Read the following passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct answer
Coral reefs are the most diverse of all marine ecosystems They are full of life, with perhaps one quarter
of all ocean species depending on reefs for food and shelter This is a remarkable statistic when you consider that reefs cover just a tiny fraction of the earth's surface and less than two per cent of the ocean bottom Because they are so diverse, coral reefs are often called the rainforests of the ocean Coral reefs are very important to people They even provide seventy per cent of the food demands for some marine species, protection of shorelines, jobs based on tourism (nine out of twelve activities for tourists in Nha Trang, for example, involve the coral reefs), and even medicines
Unfortunately, climate change is the greatest global threat to coral reef ecosystems Scientific evidence now clearly indicates that the Earth's atmosphere and ocean are warming, and that these changes are primarily due to greenhouse gases derived from human activities
As temperatures rise, mass coral bleaching events and infectious disease outbreaks are becoming more frequent Additionally, carbon dioxide absorbed into the ocean from the atmosphere has already begun toreduce calcification rates in reef-building and reef-associated organisms by altering seawater chemistry through decreases in pH This process is called ocean acidification
Climate change will affect coral reef ecosystems, through sea level rise, changes to the frequency and intensity of tropical storms, and altered ocean circulation patterns When combined, all of these impacts dramatically alter ecosystem function, as well as the goods and services coral reef ecosystems provide to people around the globe
There are also many things you can do to ensure that you are environmentally conscious when you visit
coral reefs or coastal areas These include things such as hiring local guides to support the economy, removing all trash from an area, never touching or harassing wildlife in reef areas, and avoiding droppingyour boat anchor or chain nearby a coral reef
Finally, stay informed and spread the word! Educate yourself about why healthy coral reefs are valuable
to the people, fish, plants, and animals that depend on them Your excitement will help others get
involved
1 Though the coverage of coral reefs on the sea bed is , its vital role is undeniable
A remarkable B small C diverse D huge
2 of all the ocean species find food and home in the coral reefs
A Two per cent B Seventy per cent C Twenty-five per cent D Nine per cent
3 Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere directly caused
A infectious disease outbreaks B reef-building C sea level rise D ocean acidification
4 Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A Coral reefs can be compared to rainforests due to its diversity
B The effects of global warming are only on the ecosystems themselves
C You can help the coral reefs by educating not only yourself but people around you
D Human activities which cause greenhouse gases are major reasons for the climate change
5 The word conscious in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to .
A knowledgeable B curious C aware D acknowledgeable
Trang 15PRACTICE PRONUNCIATION
1 A crowd B disposal C growth D process
2 A congestion B prestige C connect D harvest
6 A combustion B consumption C bronchitis D custom
11 A pleasant B health C wealthy D breathe
12 A come B roll C comb D grow
13 A fear B realize C pear D near
4 A revolution B election C interrogation D question
STRESS
1: A access B afford C brochure D casual
2: A behaviour B determined C counselor D decisive
3: A donate B compare C campaign D flashy
4: A experience B mobility C independent D Prioritize
5: A romantic B solution C protective D elegant
6: A legal B obey C forbid D impose
7: A constitution B disrespectful C sympathetic D elongated
8: A generational B interpersonal C discrimination D nationality
Trang 169: A studious B unite C mature D involve
10: A frustrating B charity C impairment D infectious
11: A hospital B mischievous C supportive D special
12: A family B whenever C obedient D solution
13: A biologist B generally C responsible D security
14: A confident B important C together D exciting
15: A possible B university C secondary D suitable
16: A emigrate B immigrate C advocate D inhabit
17: A confide B comfort C inflate D severe
18: A biology B environment C geography D scientific
19: A estimate B prestigious C proportion D urbanity
20: A drawback B greenhouse C mindset D overload
21: A belong B indeed C private D emit
22: A architect B electronic C mineral D luxury
23: A overwhelming B incredible C optimistic D intellectual
24: A tendency B incidence C importance D difference
25: A photocopy B particular C enthusiasm D economy
26 A emigrate B immigrate C advocate D inhabit
27 A confide B comfort C inflate D severe
28 A biology B environment C geography D scientific
29 A estimate B prestigious C proportion D urbanity
30 A drawback B greenhouse C mindset D overload
31 A hazardous B nutritional C renewable D organic
32 A assessment B pollutant C replacement D purification
33 A sanitation B lubricant C sewage D climate
35 A appliance B emission C hydrogen D default
36 A atmosphere B damage C vehicle D alternative
37 A immediate B absorbent C potential D respiratory
39 A automatic B conversation C disadvantage D reasonable
40 A community B particular C mathematics D authority
41 A preference B attraction C advantageD infinitive
42 A interview B essential C comfortable D industry
43 A situation B interrogation C detention D coalition
44 A difficult B simplicity C discovery D commodity
A equality B originate C appropriate D vegetarian
VOCABULARY/ GRAMMAR
1: I live in a/an with my parents and my elder sister in the coastal area
A extended family B nuclear family C extended house D nuclear house
2: One advantage of living in a/an is to strengthen relationship between young children and adults
A nuclear family B nuclear house C extended family D extended house
3: In my opinion, family members are responsible for
A the housework B the chores C homework D A and B
4: My grandpa is the most conservative person in my family He never about way of life
A gives his opinion B changes his mind C gives his view D keeps in mind
5: After graduating from university, I want to my father's footsteps
Trang 17A follow in B succeed in C go after D keep up
6: In a nuclear family, both mother and father have responsibility for housekeeping and
A child care B homework C childcare D generation gap
7: The UK is considering the proposal that it compensations for damages of the Indian embassy
A been paying B is paying C paid D pay
8 The council wants to the character of the city while reconstructing the Old Quarter
A preserve B store C defense D abandon
9 Heavy traffic us so we came to the meeting rather late
A promoted B arrested C canceled D delayed
10 It turned out to be a journey when the weather became bad
A hazard B hazardous C hazarded D hazarding
11 Poaching the greatest threat to many species
A creates B presents C poses D produces
12 the wild, giant pandas eat bamboo
13 This species of African elephants is
A dying out B dying of C dying on D dying down
14 is wiping out many kinds of plants and animals
A Defoliation B Deforestation C Deformation D Degradation
15 The tiger is of extinction It is difficult to find them in the wild
A on the wing B on the rocks C on the verge D on the ground
16 Switching to eco light bulb is one way to protect the environment
A energy-wasting B energy-expending C energy-lacking D energy-saving
17 batteries or solar chargers are some of the solutions to the lack of energy
A Rechargeable B Reversible C Repeatable D Returnable
18 I never leave any electrical appliances on standby and I think it is a good way to energy in the home
A take care of B use C keep D conserve
19 Nowadays, people are searching for more materials to build their houses
A environment-friendly B environmentally-friendly
C environmental-friendly D environmental-friend
20 Every piece of equipment was sent to the fire
A consumable B spendable C available D disposable
21 In the agriculture, farmers try to limit the use of chemicals and fertilizers
A sustainable B conserving C preserving D supporting
22 In Singapore, people try to 80% of all waste
A reprocess B reclaim C recycle D reuse
23 We need to act quickly to to climate change, or it will be a disaster for the whole planet
A adapt B go back C reverse D transit
24 There is little of things improving soon
A probability B probably C probable D probabilities
25 he was waiting for Sam outside the cinema, Jim realized that the street was funnily crowded
26 I didn't meet him right away he had to talk to his boss first
27 what has happened, I think she will never return