ÔN THI GIỮA HỌC KÌ 2 – TIẾNG ANH 11 – 11A3 CHỦ ĐỀ Global warming, Further education, Our world heritage sites I/ VOCABULARY UNIT 6 No16 Words Vietnamese meaning 1 atmosphere 2 balance 3 carbon footpri[.]
Trang 1ÔN THI GIỮA HỌC KÌ 2 – TIẾNG ANH 11 – 11A3 CHỦ ĐỀ: Global warming, Further education, Our world heritage sites.
I/ VOCABULARY
UNIT 6 No1
6
1 atmosphere
3 carbon footprint
4 deforestation
6 ecological
7 emission
9 fertilizer
10 greenhouse gas
11 ignore
12 Infectious
13 sparingly
14 suspect
15 trap
16 absorb
UNIT 7
2 (adj) /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ thuộc vể hoặc liên quan đến giáo dục,
việc học tập, mang tính học thuật
3 (n) /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ phòng ở
4 (v) /əˈtʃiːv/ đạt được
6 (adj) /ˌænəˈlɪtɪkl (thuộc) phân tích
7 baccalaureate (n) /ˌbækəˈlɔːriət/
8 (n) /ˈbætʃələ(r)/ người có bằng cử nhân
9 (n) /ˈbrɔːdn/ mở rộng, nới rộng
Trang 211 (n) /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn/ cộng tác
13 (v) /kənˈsʌlt/ hỏi ý kiến, tra cứu, tham khảo
14 (n) /kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪtə(r)/ người điều phối, điều phối viên
15 (n) /kɔːs/ khoá học, chương trình học
18 (n) /diːn/ chủ nhiệm khoa (một trường đại học)
20 (n) /dɪˈpləʊmə/ bằng cấp, văn bằng
21 doctorate (n) /ˈdɒktərət/
22 (adj) /ˈelɪdʒəbl/ đủ tư cách, thích hợp
24 (v) /ˈentə(r)/ gia nhập, theo học một trường
25 (n) /ˈfæklti/ khoa (của một trường đại học)
26 institution (n) /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn/
27 internship (n) /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/
28 (n) /ˈkɪndəɡɑːtn/ trường mẫu giáo ( cho trẻ 4 - 6 tuổi)
30 (adj) /ˈmændətəri/ có tính bắt buộc
31 (n) /ˈmɑːstə(r)/ thạc sĩ
33 (n) /pəˈtenʃl/ khả năng, tiềm lực
34 profession (n) /prəˈfeʃn/
36 (n) /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ văn bằng, học vị, chứng chỉ
37 (n) /ˈskɒləʃɪp/ học bổng
39 (n) /ˈtælənt/ tài năng, năng lực, nhân tài
40 (n) /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ rèn luyện, đào tạo
41 transcript (n) /ˈtrænskrɪpt/
42 (n) /tjuˈɪʃn/ tiền học, học phí
43 (n) /ˈtjuːtə(r)/ thầy giáo dạy kèm
44 undergraduate (n) /ˌʌndəˈɡrædʒuət/
45 (n) /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ trường đại học
46 vocational (adj) /vəʊˈkeɪʃənl/
UNIT 8
2 acknowledge (adj) /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/
5 breathtaking (adj) /ˈbreθentɪk/ teɪkɪŋ/
Trang 311 (n) /ˈkrɑːftsmən/ thợ thủ công
16 distinctive (adj) /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/
31 in ruins (idiom) /ˈruːɪn/
33 (adj) /ˌɪrɪˈspɒnsəbl/ thiếu trách nhiệm, vô trách nhiệm
40 masterpiece (n) /ˈmɑːstəpiːs/
45 picturesque (adj) /ˌpɪktʃəˈresk/
53 subsequent (adj) /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/
II GRAMMAR
1 Perfect gerunds (Danh động từ hoàn thành)
• Hình thức having + pp (chủ động); having been + pp (bị động)
• Chức năng:
Trang 4Dùng thay cho hình thức hiện tại của danh động từ khi nhấn mạnh một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ trước hành động của động từ chính trong câu
a V + O + Prep + Perfect Gerund
Các động từ thường gặp là accuse sb of (buộc tội ai); apologize sb for (xin lỗi ai), admire sb for (ngưỡng
mộ ai), blame sb for (đổ lỗi cho ai), congratulate sb on (chúc mừng ai), criticize sb for (chỉ trích ai), praise sb for (khen ngợi ai), thank sb for (cảm ơn ai), suspect sb of (nghi ngờ ai),
E.g: The police blamed him for having cut down the oldest tree in the park.
b V + Perfect Gerund
Các động từ thường gặp là admit (thừa nhận), deny (phủ nhận), forget (quên), mention (đề cập), remember (nhớ), regret (hối tiếc, hối hận),
E.g: I admit having stolen his money.
2 Perfect participles in clauses of time and reason (Phân từ hoàn thành trong các mệnh đề chỉ thời gian và lý do)
a Hình thức: having + PP (chủ động); having been + pp (bị động)
E.g: Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends (Sau khi làm xong bài tập về nhà, cậu ấy
đã đi chơi với bạn.)
b Chức năng
Chúng ta dùng phân từ hoàn thành để:
- Rút gọn mệnh đề khi hành động trong mệnh đề đó xảy ra trước hành động khác
E.g: He finished his homework and then he went out with his friends.
Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends
Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends
- Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
E.g: After he had got up, he brushed his teeth.
After having getting up/ Having getting up, he brushed his teeth
Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends
- Giải thích lý do cho hành động trong mệnh đề chính
E.g: Having lost the game, they cried a lot.
Lưu ý: Mệnh đề rút gọn được gọi là mệnh đề phân từ (participle clauses); hai hành động có cùng chủ ngữ.
3 PRESENT PERFECT (Hiện tại hoàn thành)
a Form (Cấu trúc):
(+) S + have/ has + Vp2/ ed + O (-) S + have/ has + not + Vp2/ ed + O (?) Have/ has (not) + S + Vp2/ ed + O?
b Uses (Cách sử dụng)
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc vừa mới xảy ra
Ex: I have just finished the financial report (Tôi vừa hoàn thành xong bản báo cáo tài chính.)
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại
Ex: My husband has worked for this company for 2 years (Chồng tôi đã làm cho công ty này được 2 năm - Nghĩa là: cách đây 2 năm đã bắt đầu làm, hiện tại vẫn có thể đang làm cho công ty này hoặc không)
- Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã xảy ra ở một thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ
Ex: She has been in China for a long time (Đã có một thời gian dài cô ấy ở Trung Quốc.)
- Nhấn mạnh đến trải nghiệm bản thân (the first/second/third/last… time), nhấn mạnh kết quả:
Ex: + I have seen that film three times (Tôi đã từng xem bộ phim này 3 lần)
+ This is the first time that he has been in the USA (Đây là lần đầu tiên anh ấy đến Mỹ)
c Advs (Trạng ngữ nhận biết)
- just, recently, lately: gần đây, vừa mới
- before : trước đây
- already: rồi
- ever: từng
- never: không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ
- yet: chưa
- since: kể từ khi
Trang 5- for: khoảng
- so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đến bây giờ
d Một số lưu ý đối với thì hiện tại hoàn thành
- Phân biệt “Since” và “For”:
since + mốc thời gian
for + khoảng thời gian
Ex: - I've known Anna since October
- I've known Anna for two months
- Phân biệt “yet” và “already”:
yet : dùng trong câu phủ định và câu nghi vấn
already : dùng trong câu khẳng định
Ex: - He hasn't come yet
- I've already posted the letters
- Thường dùng “ever”, “never” với Hiện tại hoàn thành:
Ex: - He has never been there
- Have you ever eaten snake meat?
- Phân biệt “Have/ has been” khác với “have/ has gone”:
Ex: (a) Mr Smith is not here at the moment He has gone to a meeting in London
(b) Amada has been to the travel agent She has your tickets for Hong Kong
Trong 2 ví dụ trên, ví dụ (a) có thể hiểu là Mr Smith vẫn đang ở buổi họp trong khi đó ở ví dụ (b) Amada đã đi đến đó và trở về rồi
- Một số lưu ý khác:
Trong các mệnh để diễn tả sự so sánh hơn nhất, số thứ tự, sự duy nhất hay số lần thực hiện hành động
→ Động từ chia ở Hiện tại hoàn thành
Ex: - This is the most interesting story I have heard
- This is the only foreigner I have ever known
(1) It's the first / second / time + HTHT
(2) This is the first / second time + HTHT
Ex: - It's the first time I have driven a car
- This is the first time she has lived in New York
Its + khoảng thời gian + since + sb last did sth: Đó là khoảng thời gian kể từ khi ai đó làm gì
Ex: I haven't seen her for 3 days → It's 3 days since I last saw her
4 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn)
a Form (Cấu trúc)
(+) S + have/ has + been + Ving (-) S + have/ has + not + been + Ving (?) Have/ Has (not) + S + been + Ving?
b Uses (Cách sử dụng): Diễn tả sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục xảy ra
trong tương lai (Nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động)
Ex: I have been teaching English since I was a second-year student
(Tôi đã dạy tiếng Anh kể từ khi tôi là sinh viên năm thứ 2, đã bắt đầu dạy trong quá khứ, hiện tại vẫn đang tiếp tục dạy và có thể trong tương lai vẫn dạy)
c Advs (Trạng ngữ nhận biết)
- For + time + now, và giống các trạng ngữ của thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Thường sẽ có 1 vế giải thích ở hiện tại tiếp diễn)
Một số cụm từ thường đi kèm trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn như: all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long, the whole week,
5.Sự khác biệt giữa hiện tại hoàn thành và hiên tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành chú ý đến kết quả của hành động.Trong khi đó, thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh đến hành động mà có thể chưa kết thúc
E.g: I've been decorating the house this morning (nhấn mạnh vào hành động -decorating- hành động
chưa kết thúc)
Trang 6I've painted the living room blue (nhấn mạnh vào kết quả của hành động Bây giờ chúng ta có thể nhìn
thấy được kết quả)
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành nói đến hành động hoàn thành được bao nhiêu (how many/ how much); còn thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nói đến hành động xảy ra được bao lâu (how long)
E.g: She's been writing letters for 3 hours.
She's written 5 letters.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành nói đến hành động mang tính chất lâu dài, còn thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn chỉ hành động mang tính tạm thời
E.g: I've worked here for ten years.
I usually work in Hanoi but I've been working in Ho Chi Minh City for the last 3 weeks.
Lưu ý: Trong một số trường hợp, ta có thể chia động từ ở cả thì hiện tại hoàn thành và hiện tại hoàn thành
tiếp diễn tùy thuộc vào ngữ cảnh
6 Participle and to - infìnitive clauses (Mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng một ngữ phân từ và động từ nguyên mẫu có TO)
Mệnh đề quan hệ có dạng: who/ which / that + V có thể được rút gọn bằng những cách sau:
1 Dùng hiện tại phân từ V-ing (present participle)
Dùng V-ing khi mệnh đề quan hệ ở chủ động: who / which / that + V (active) →V-ing
E.g: The girl who is talking to Mr Huy is my younger sister→The girl talking to Mr Huy is my younger
sister (Cô gái đang nói chuyện với Thầy Huy là em gái tôi.)
2 Dùng quá khứ phân từ V-ed/V3 (past participle)
Dùng V-PP khi mệnh đề quan hệ ở bị động: who / which / that + V (passive) →V-PP
E.g: The lamp which was made in China is five dollars =The lamp made in China is five dollars (Chiếc
đèn được sản xuất ở Trung Quốc có giá 5 đô la)
3 Dùng động từ nguyên mẫu có TO (to -infinitive)
Dùng to V khi:
- Danh từ phía trước đại từ quan hệ đứng trước một số từ như: the first, the second, etc., the next, the last, the only; và đôi khi trước hình thức so sánh bậc nhất như the oldest, the most beautiful (the only, the first ) + N + relative pronouns (who/ which/ that) + V → to V (chủ động); to be PP (bị
động)
E.g: He was the first person who came here yesterday → He was the first person to come here yesterday
(Anh ấy là người đầu tiên đến đây vào hôm qua.)
She is the only person who is called for the interview → She is the only person to be called for the interview
- Động từ phía trước là HAVE/HAS để diễn tả mục đích,
E.g: He had something that he had to do → He had something to do (Anh ấy có một số việc phải làm.)
I have a lot of homework which I have to do now → I have a lot of homework to do now.
+ Đầu câu có HERE (BE), THERE (BE)
E.g: There are ten messages which are sent today → There are ten messages to be sent today.
4 Dùng cụm danh từ/ giới từ
Dùng cụm danh từ/ giới từ khi mệnh đề quan hệ có dạng:
S + BE + Noun/ Noun phrases /Prepositional phrases
Cách làm: ta bỏ who, which và be
E.g: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for our health
Football, a popular sport, is very good for our health.
III BÀI TẬP:
EX 1 Put the verbs in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous tense.
1 I (try) _ to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) _ yet
2 She (read) _ all the works of Dickens How many (you read) _?
3 I (wait) here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget)
_ to come?
4 Mary (rest) _ in the garden all day because she (be) _ ill
Trang 75 Although John (study) at the University for 5 years, he (not get) his degree yet
6 Jack (go) to Switzerland for a holiday He (never, be) _ there
7 We (live) _ here for the last six months, and (just, decide) _to move
8 That book (lie) _ on the table for weeks You (not read) _ it yet?
9 He (not be) _ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) _ since then
10 He (lose) his books He (look) for them all afternoon, but they (not turn up) yet
11 She (work) so hard this week that she (not have) _ time to go to the cinema
12 Your hair is wet (You swim) for a long time?
13 Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive) cars for six years
14 You look very tired (You work) very hard ?
15 The phone (ring) for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) it yet
EX 2: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 The missing children were last seen (play) near the river
2 (complete) the book, he had a holiday.
3 (find) only in the Andes, the plant is used by local people to treat skin diseases.
4 The accident seems (happen) at around 1.00 p.m yesterday
5 The shoes (make) in China is cheap
6 Last year I studied abroad I appreciate (have) the opportunity to live and study in a foreign
country
7 (look) down from the hill, the town spread out before us towards the coast.
8 Alex doesn't like to have her picture (take) She avoids (photograph)
9 I don't agree with (smack) children if they do something wrong
10 The book (publish) last month is her first novel
EX 3 Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences
1 Planting trees can contribute to reducing global warming as trees and absorb CO in the air
2 A strong greenhouse effect will warm the ocean and partially melt glaciers, increasing
A sea level B temperature C sea water D pollution
3 The next dry season will be extremely severe further saltwater intrusion, water and rain shortages, and heat waves A due to B thanks to C because D although
4 Climate change may lead to the extinction of many species and upset the balance
A ecological B biology C geography D technology
5 Ocean water also will expand if it warm, further to sea level rise
A leading B contributing C getting D making
6 Methane is a far more active than carbon dioxide, but also one which is much less abundant in the atmosphere A climate change B emission C greenhouse gas D greenhouse effect
7 The government must take measures to cut emissions
A vehicle B transportation C transfer D convert
8 The cleaning of land for agricultural, industry, and other human activities have increased of greenhouse gases
A lots B collections C concentration D attention
9 The low in the Mekong Delta leads to acute saline instruction much deeper than the traditional 30 to 40
km of mainland that is contaminated with saltwater
A water level B salt water C water currents D sea level
10 Buying organic food is better for the environment because it uses less
A fertilizer B fertilize C fertilizes D fertilized
11 Humans atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by a third since the Industrial Revolution began A had increased B were increasing C Increase D have increased
12 All of the disasters resulted from will continue to have a devastating effect on socio-economic development
Trang 8A ecological balance B carbon footprint C floods D climate change
13 The simplest way to reduce your footprint is to cycle to school
14 the desalination plant, the company could offer an effective solution to the problem of water scarcity
A Being built B Having been built C To build D Having built
15 Sea level rise is usually regarded as Vietnam's main : a one-meter rise would submerge 40 percent of the country and make millions homeless
16 Replace all the light bulbs in your home with bulbs
A energy-saving B energy-save C energy-saves D energy-saved
17 The public praised the local farmers for millions of trees of the surrounding hills
A being planting B having planted C plant D being planted
18 Leaving your DVD player on standby produces the same carbon each year as the average person of Burundi A emissions B releases C eruptions D appearance
19 I'm very hungry I all day
A didn't eat B haven't ate C haven't eaten D have been eating
20 Their new kitchen looks fantastic They completely it
A have /been redecorating B have/redecorated
C already /redecorated D didn't/redecorated
21 Our kitchen's a mess We any cleaning for weeks
A didn't do B haven't been doing C have done D haven't done
22 I think they are dating They each other a lot recently
A had seen B haven't been seeing C have been seeing D have seen
23 We've discovered in this great café and we there a lot
A have been going B have gone C are going D have went
24 How's your Mum? I her for ages
A had seen B haven't seen C haven't been seeing D didn't see
25 You're covered in paint! What you ?
A have / done B were / doing C did / do D have / been doing
26 She's gone to the doctor's She well lately
A hasn't felt B hasn't been feeling C has felt D doesn't feel
27 I for ages now
A have waited B waited C was waiting D have been waiting
28 I have to write an essay I about half of it so far
A have written B have been writing C wrote D have to write
29 As well as studying on in the UK, you can also choose to study outside the UK - for example by distance learning
A department B dormitory C campus D accommodation
30 You can choose to study online or on , in the UK or even at an overseas site
31 IB students can select subjects so that they specialise in a particular academic field, but mathematics, native language and theory of knowledge are subjects
A compulsory B certain C optional D elective
32 In England, most students in further education are adults on part time programmes
33 In some institutions, A-levels can also be awarded in combination with other , such as International Baccalaureate certificates
A courses B levels C examinations D qualifications
34 Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City around 30 undergraduate courses in English since
2000
A have been setting up B have been set up
Trang 935 The International Baccalaureate is also now offered by more schools in the UK as a(n) to A-levels
A alternative B option C choice D substitution
36 Vietnam National University - Ha Noi, the country's largest _ , has been carrying out a similar project since 2008, setting up six undergraduate, three masters and a PhD programme taught in English
A school B faculty C institute D institution
37 Further education courses are usually described as either or vocational
38 Academic are official copies of your academic work
A transcripts B reminds C accounts D statements
39 The guest on our show is the youngest golfer the Open
40 I have a message for people by the traffic chaos
A to delay B who delaying C delayed D who delay
41 The items in Con Moong Cave are now kept in Thanh Hoa Museum for preservation and displaying work
A excavating B excavated C excavation D excavator
42 The Citadel of the Ho Dynasty is the only stone citadel in Southeast Asia of large limestone blocks
A constructing B which constructed C to construct D to be constructed
43 Emma Thompson is the most famous actress on the stage here
A appeared B appear C appearing D to appear
44 Have you visited the pagodas on Tran Phu Street in Hoi An
45 The Temple of Preah Vihear in Cambodia is composed of a series of sanctuaries by a system of pavements and starcases over an 800 metre long axis
46 Cat Ba is also rich of cultural festivals and traditions that are highly potential for and development
A research B growth C conservation D promotion
47 Irresponsible tourists damaged the archaeological site and some of the relics back to the last ruling dynasty
48 The ancient houses by the fire are now under reconstruction
A to destroy B destroying C destroyed D destroy
49 The boy in the accident was taken to hospital
A injuring B being injured C have injured D injured
50 Hoi An Ancient Town is preserved in a remarkably state
51 Son Doong Cave, in 2009, is believed to contain the world's largest cave passage
A first explored B to explore first C exploring first D was first explored
52 The captain was the last the sinking ship
A to leave B that leaving C left D whom to leave
53 Son Doong Cave is the largest cave in the world in Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park
A which discovered B discovering C to discover D to be discovered
54 The Thang Long Imperial Citadel was built in the 11th century by the Ly Dynasty, the independence
of Dai Viet
A marking B offering C commemorating D bringing
55 Melanie was the only person a letter of thanks
56 No fluorescent lights, no motorcycles, no television, on the 15th day of each lunar month, the riverside town
of Hoi An modern life the night off
57 We came to the temple dedicated to King Dinh Tien Hoang, Hoa Lu to build the citadel
A to choose B choosing C chosen D which chose
Trang 1058 Who were those people outside?
A waited B to wait C who waiting D waiting
EX 4 Rewrite the sentences, using perfect gerunds
1 Nam won a scholarship We are excited about that fact
→ We are
2 The volunteers couldn't mow the old lady's lawns because of the rain
→ The rain prevented
3 Tonya had dumped a lot of rubbish on the beach She was strongly criticised for that
→ Tonya was _
4 In the Tree Planting Competition, the students in Group 11G planted the most trees in the schoolyard They were praised for that
→ The students in
5 Sam had not worked hard enough in his previous job He regretted it
→ Sam regretted
6 Someone had cut down the oldest tree in the park The police suspected Mike of doing it
→ The police suspected
7 Denis had taken an active part in the Green Summer activities He was rewarded for that
→ Denis was
EX 5 Rewrite the following sentences using Perfect Participle
Ex: We switched off the lights before we went to bed
→ Having switched off the lights, we went to bed
1 Zoe had practiced a lot, so she was sure of her winning in the competition
2 The boy asked his mother's permission and then went out to play
_
3 As he had drunk too much, he didn't drive home himself
4 We have done two tests today, so we are exhausted
_
5 She filled the washing machine and switched it on
6 She had been to disco the night before and she overslept in the morning
_
7 We had worked in the garden all day and were sunburned in the evening
_
8 She had not slept for two days and therefore she wasn't able to concentrate
9 Since I had not seen him for ages, I didn’t recognize him
_
10 I had not ridden a horse for a long time and I found it very difficult to sit on the saddle
_
EX 7 Rewrite the sentences, using the present perfect or the present perfect continuous
1 I started discussing my research proposal with my professor at the beginning of my course We're still discussing it
→
2 Nam's still studying English He started studying it two years ago (for)
→
3 I started learning how to play the piano eight months ago I'm still learning it
→ _