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Trang 1HANOI UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE
********
NGUYEN THU PHUONG
MANAGEMENT OF TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS
OF CRAFT VILLAGES IN HANOI CITY
Major: Cultural Management
Code: 9229042
DOCTORAL DISSERTATION SUMMARY
ON CULTURAL MANAGEMENT
HANOI, 2022
Trang 2HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE MINISTRY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM
Scientific Supervisors: Assoc Prof Dr Nguyen Thi Viet Huong
Reviewer 1: Assoc Prof Dr Bui Hoai Son
Committee on Culture and Education of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Reviewer 2: Assoc Prof Dr Vu Thi Phuong Hau
Ho Chi Minh National Academy Of Politics
Reviewer 3: Assoc Prof Dr Dang Hoai Thu
Hanoi University Of Culture
The dissertation will be defended at University level Doctoral Dissertation
Assessment Committee at Ha Noi University of Culture
418 La Thanh street, Dong Da, Ha Noi
On:… , day… month … , 2022
The dissertation can be found at:
- The National Library of Viet Nam
- Library of Ha Noi University of Culture
Trang 3INTRODUCTION
1 Reasons for choosing the topic
Festivals play an important role in the cultural life of the community, where many good cultural values are kept, preserved and transmitted Hanoi
is a city of diversity, with a history of thousands of years of civilization, abundant natural resources, diverse in types and of high value in history, culture, architecture and art with 5,922 cultural history relics, including 2,396 ranked relics, 1,182 national monuments, 1,202 city-level relics For intangible cultural heritage, Hanoi has 1,793 heritages, of which 1,206 festivals [76] Hanoi is also the convergence of the quintessence of traditional crafts of the country Out of about 5,400 craft villages in Vietnam, Hanoi alone accounts for one-third of the number of craft villages with about 1,350 craft villages and craft villages, including more than 300 typical traditional handicraft villages In particular, the traditional festivals
of famous craft villages such as: Hanoi craft streets, Bat Trang pottery village, Van Phuc silk village, Chuong hat village, Huu Bang carpentry village, Dong Cuu embroidery village, Quat Dong village, Binh Da firecracker village In recent years, the festival organization and management has been paid much attention by the Party, State and authorities at all levels However, in the current life context when the industrialization and modernization process are taken place strongly, with the development of diverse occupations, rapid population growth, and changes in cultural life, Hanoi, on the one hand is accepting the opportunities and challenges of economic, social and cultural development
in the context of globalization and international integration, on the other hand is also facing many difficulties, challenges, especially in preserving and preserving traditional cultural values Currently, this problem still has many shortcomings, the implementation of the role of the State and the community in some traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi has not been effective and has not met the expectations of each subject The design role of the State through guiding the organization of the festival, adjusting through inspection and supervision has not been strict The role of coordination between the State and the community is still limited In some traditional festivals of craft villages, the role of the community is
Trang 4overloaded, or the role of the State is overloaded and the direction and implementation of organization and management of traditional festivals of craft villages is not high
In fact, there are a lot of works from research on historical and cultural relics, craft village festivals in Hanoi or traditional festivals in Hanoi especially during the 1,000th anniversary of Thang Long – Hanoi, there are hundreds of books published However, there is not much research
on traditional festivals from the perspective of management, especially the management of traditional festivals in craft villages in the context of rapid urbanization as well as changes in cultural life in both urban and rural areas
In particular, the research approach from the role theory in traditional festival management is still scarce in Vietnam The study of traditional festival management in craft villages in Hanoi city from the role theory is still a gap in research, especially the research from the role theory to see the performance of each management entity through management activities Because of the above reasons, the author has chosen the topic
"Management of traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi city" as the
research topic of the doctoral thesis
2 Research purpose and missions
- Building the analytical framework of the thesis
- Assessment of the subjects’ role of in the management of traditional festivals in craft villages in Hanoi city in recent years
- Reviewing the problems posed from the real situation from the perspective of role theory and management science, thereby offering some
Trang 5solutions to improve the role of the State and the community in traditional festival management craft villages in Hanoi city
3 Object and scope of research
3.1 Research objects
The role of the State and the community in the management of traditional festivals of craft villages is organized at the ward/commune level, district/district, city level according to 4 groups of craft villages to be able to survey and evaluate the interaction of the roles of the villages subjects, including state and community management
3.2 Research scope
3.2.1 Content scope
The role of the State and the community is reflected in the management of traditional festival of craft villages Other parties are not related in the scope of the thesis
3.2.2 Spatial scope
The thesis conducts research on management activities of traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi city and focuses on four representative festivals at district, ward/commune level
- Center districts in city: Hoan Kiem, Ba Dinh: Kim Ngan Temple and Hang Bac festivals, representing the traditional festival model of craft streets
- Newly established district outside city: Ha Dong: Van Phuc Silk Village Festival, representing the traditional festival model of inter-regional trade villages
- Suburban districts and communes: Gia Lam district: Bat Trang Pottery Village Festival, representing the model of traditional festivals of trade and tourism villages; Thanh Oai district: Binh Da firecracker village festival, representing the traditional festival model of agricultural villages
In some analyses, the spatial scope can be expanded to compare the role
of the State and the community in festival management with some traditional festivals in villages without handicrafts on a multi-household scale
3.2.3 Time scope
Research on traditional festivals of craft villages with survey data from 2015 to 2021
Trang 61 What role do the State and the community play in the management
of traditional craft village festivals?
2 How does the interaction of the role of the State and the community affect the management of traditional trade village festivals? What are the differences in the state management of traditional trade villages?
3 What are the problems when performing each subject’s role? Will there be role overload as more and more increasing in the community role ?
4 What solutions are needed to enhance the role of the State and the community in the management of traditional trade village festivals?
5.2 Research hypothesis
1 The better the awareness of the State and the community about the value of traditional craft village festivals, the better the role of the State and the community in the management of traditional festivals of craft villages
2 If there is consensus between the role of the State and the role of the community, the role of management of traditional festivals of craft villages will be enhanced for both the State and the community
3 The role of orientation, design, maintenance and promotion of traditional festivals is that the better the profession is promoted, the better the role of the State in the management of traditional festivals of craft villages
4 The more self-reliant, proactive, active, and cooperative the community is with each other, the better the role of management of traditional festivals of craft villages will be enhanced
Trang 75 There have appeared signs of overloading the role of the community when the State participates less in the management of traditional festivals of craft villages
6 The results and contributions of the thesis
6.1 About theory
- The thesis clarifies a number of concepts, including the concept of traditional craft village festival, traditional craft village festival management
- Used role theory applied to the case of traditional festival management
in craft villages, building the analytical framework of the thesis From the research theory, it has been determined that the role of the State includes: (1) The direction and guiding role; (2) Design role; (3) The maintaining and promoting role; (4) Correction role; (5) Coordinating role The role of the community includes: (1) The autonomy role ; (2) Active role; (3) Implementation role; (4) Decisive role; (5) Coordinating role The thesis has built the basic contents of management activities of the State and the community when performing their role in managing traditional festivals of craft villages
- Based on the roles of the subjects that have been developed in the research framework to survey and evaluate the results of implementing the role of managing traditional festivals of craft villages of the State and the community The thesis has cited documents, data and analyzed specific cases,
in which there are four selected craft village festivals for research Thereby stating the different roles of subjects in different types of craft villages, as a basis for proposing solutions to improve management efficiency suitable to each type
- General assessment of role performance, level of role interaction and expectations of subjects in traditional festival management of craft villages (analysis of consensus, low consensus, role overload among subject) Initially, the differences in the management of traditional festivals in craft villages are compared with the management of other types of village festivals
6.2 About reality
The thesis proposes two groups of solutions: a group of solutions to improve the role of the State and a group of solutions to improve the role of
Trang 8the community in the management of traditional festivals of craft villages, on the basis of analyzing the problems that emerging in the management of traditional festivals in craft villages and the context of Hanoi capital affecting craft village festivals
The research results of the thesis are references for cultural management agencies In addition, the thesis is also a reference base for the authors to later research on the management of traditional festivals in craft villages
7 Contents of the thesis
In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion, References and Appendix, the thesis content is divided into 03 chapters as follows:
Chapter 1: Overview of research situation, theoretical basis for
management of traditional craft village festivals, overview of traditional festivals in craft villages in Hanoi city
Chapter 2: Status of the State and the community role in the
management of traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi city
Chapter 3: Solutions to improve the role of the State and the community
in the management of traditional craft village festivals in Hanoi city
Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION, THEORETICAL BASIS
ON THE MANAGEMENT OF TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS IN CRAFT VILLAGES, OVERVIEW OF TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS
IN CRAFT VILLAGES IN HANOI CITY
1.1 Research overview
1.1.1 Studies on festival management
1.1.1.1 Studies on the role of the State in festival management
In the festival management, the State plays an important role in researching, building, consolidating and perfecting the system of policies and laws related to the maintenance and promotion of the cultural values of the festivals, especially the role of orientation, direction, role of design, coordination This role has been confirmed through many researches around the world: [116], [112], [103], [129], [109]
Trang 9In Vietnam, some authors have affirmed: The State has the role and responsibility in managing/regulating the conservation and promotion of the festival by undertakings, policies and through the main organizational system authority and professions at all levels [8], [85] Some authors also mentioned: The State plays the role of direction and orientation [74], [99], some authors think that in the coming time, it is necessary to improve the directing and orienting role of the culture ministries [43]
1.1.1.2 Research works on the role of the community in festival management
Research scholars around the world have confirmed the role of the community in creating value and protecting cultural heritage, in order to manage intangible cultural heritage, it is necessary to have the participation of the subject of heritage to decide on management methods [124], [110], [135] The research works of Vietnamese scholars are well aware of the active and active role of the community in festival management, with special emphasis on encouraging the maximum participation of the community This is mentioned in many different works: [1], [52], [47], [48] A number of works have affirmed the important role of the community in preserving and promoting traditional festivals, reflected in the sense of heritage protection, in the storage and preservation of ancient documents related to traditional festivals festivals, in the enthusiastic and voluntary participation in the festival process, in the management of the festival [85], [8]
1.1.2 Research works on management of traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi city
In the context of history, culture and society with many changes and challenges, many authors have deeply researched, analyzed the current situation and offered management solutions to preserve, conserve and promote the natural resources cultural values of craft villages and craft village festivals in Hanoi with the role of the State and the community and stakeholders Typical for this research group are the following works: [2], [20], [91] On the basis of investigating the current situation of the research area, based on management theory, the authors have proposed specific solutions to preserve and promote tangible and intangible cultural values of
Trang 10Hanoi while limiting negative manifestations However, there are no studies
on the role of the State and the community in the management of traditional craft village festivals in Hanoi city
1.1.3 Research works applying role theory
Research works have used role theory in management, to consider the interaction between subjects, to assess the level of achievement of role expectations and the performance of behaviors when performing a role In the process of interaction, the authors also mentioned the relationship between the subjects, the consensus, the conflicts that occur when performing the role…[121], [134], [104], [108] ] However, there has been no work using the role theory in the management of traditional festivals in craft villages
1.1.4 Issues from the research review
Through the overview study, the researcher found that there have been
a number of research works referring to the role of the State and the role of the community in management of traditional festivals in craft villages, some researches on management of traditional festivals in craft villages in Hanoi However, most of the works only go into depth research on traditional festival management in general, have not mentioned much about management of traditional festivals in craft villages, especially the study of the role of the State and the community in management of traditional festivals in craft villages in Hanoi city from the perspective of the theory, the role has not been exploited much Therefore, the PhD student has
chosen to carry out the project " Management of traditional festivals in craft villages " as his doctoral thesis
1.2 Theoretical basis for the management of traditional festivals
Trang 111.2.2 Role theory in the management of traditional festivals in craft villages
1.2.2.1 Origins and development of role theory
1.2.2.2 Perspectives and content in role theory
There are many perspectives on role theory The thesis chooses the theoretical perspective of organizational and cognitive roles
The characteristics of role theory are shown as follows: Solidarity/ consensus, role similarity; Role conflict/role pressure; Role overload
1.2.2.3 Management of traditional festivals of craft villages from role theory: the thesis clarifies the framework for analyzing the roles of the State
and the community through traditional festival management activities of craft villages, shown in diagram 1.2
1.2.3 The role of the State and the community in managing traditional festivals of craft villages
1.2.3.1 The role of the State in the management of traditional festivals
1.2.4.2 Community activities in management of traditional festival of Craft village, including: Developing a plan and scenario for organizing
management of traditional festival of craft village; Mobilizing resources to organize festivals; Performing traditional rituals, gratitude for merits,
Trang 12honoring the ancestor of the profession, rituals of skillful and skillful offerings, and talent competitions; Supervising management activities of traditional festival of Craft village
1.3 Overview of the traditional festival of craft villages in Hanoi city
1.3.1 Traditional craft village festival in Hanoi city
1.3.1.1 Quantity: Hanoi has about 40 traditional festivities in craft
villages that exist in different areas
1.3.1.2 Distribution: This type of festival is present in 30/30 districts
in Hanoi capital, but these festivals are unevenly distributed among districts
1.3.1.3 Scale: In fact, with 40 traditional village festivals, all of which
are organized and practiced by the resident communities in each village at different scales and levels, depending on the development of the craft in each village that village
1.3.2 Traditional festivals of some surveyed craft villages in Hanoi
1.3.2.1 Kim Ngan Temple Festival - Hang Bac Street
1.3.2.2 Van Phuc Silk Village Festival
1.3.2.3 Bat Trang Pottery Village Festival
1.3.2.4 Binh Da craft village festival
1.3.3 Characteristics of traditional craft village festivals in Hanoi today
1.3.3.1 The traditional festival of craft villages in Hanoi city has both the nature of craft streets and craft villages
1.3.3.2 Traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi city have changed rapidly due to the impact of development and urbanization
1.3.3.3 The traditional craft village festival in Hanoi city has the participation of the craft village community and preserves the typical products of each craft
Sub-conclusion of chapter 1
Enhancing the role of the State and the community in the management
of traditional festival of craft villages in Hanoi is an important solution Many works have mentioned the management of traditional festivals as well as management of traditional festival of craft villages However, there are a gap in research on the subjects’ role, including the State and the community in managing traditional festivals of craft villages in Hanoi city
Trang 13On the basis of the approach from role theory, the participation of the parties will be seen scientifically and objectively Chapter 1 has introduced some concepts, clarified the concept of traditional craft village festivals and the management of traditional craft village festivals At the same time, analyze the role of the State in management of traditional festival of craft villages include 5 roles with 5 roles for community From the study of the content of role theory and their characteristics, Chapter 1 has also applied the theory of organizational and cognitive roles to build an analytical framework for the thesis, showing diagram 1.2 In addition, chapter 1 also overviewed the traditional festival of craft villages in Hanoi city and introduced the basic features of traditional craft village festivals in Hanoi city
Chapter 2 ACTUAL STATUS OF THE STATE AND THE COMMUNITY ROLE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS
OF CRAFT VILLAGES IN HANOI CITY 2.1 Management subjects, coordination relationships in performing roles
2.1.1 Subjects managing traditional festivals of craft villages
2.1.1.1 State subject
Including: Ministerial level (Cultural Heritage Department, Grassroots Culture Department, Ministry Inspector); City level (Department of Culture and Sports); District level (District Information and Culture Office); Ward/commune level
2.1.1.2 Community subject
Including: Community of residents living in craft villages; Association of handicraft villages, businesses located in the area
2.1.2 Coordination relationship between management subjects
2.2 The subjects’ role through the management of traditional craft village festivals in Hanoi at the present
2.2.1 The role of the State
2.2.1.1 Direction and guidance role
The guidance and direction role of the State in the management of traditional festivals of craft villages is clearly demonstrated through the