(TIỂU LUẬN) subject business statistics topic effects of part time job on college students’ lives in hanoi

Positive/Negative effects of part-time jobs on studying: Positive affects to study No aspect 2.4% Communication skill development 89.6% Time-management skill 75.6% Social awareness raisi

NATIONAL ECONOMIC UNIVERSITY FALCULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Subject: Business Statistics

Topic: Effects of part-time job on college

students’ lives in Hanoi

Group 5:

Nguyễn Lâm Thùy An

Table of contents:

I Introduction 2

II Data analysis 3

1 Quantitative data 3

2 Qualitative data 9

2.1 Descriptive statistics 9

2.2 Regression model 14

III Appendix 19

1

I Introduction:

In Western countries, where time is considered one of the most valuable assets of workers, theconcept of "part-time" was born quite early Although it has only been around for less than a decade in Vietnam, with the globalization trend, "part-time" has become a "hot" keyword

Part- time jobs was born as an effective solution for job seekers to maximize their time and earn more money People work "part-time" for a variety of reasons, including the desire to gain experience for future jobs, the desire to exchange and learn, the desire to constantly change the working environment, and the desire to renew themselves every day Therefore,, "part-time" becomes a benefit, a real hobby, not just a way to make money

In recent years, "part-time" job has begun to come to students more actively in recent years,

thanks to the outstanding development of the Internet More than anyone else, "part-time" hits hard on students, not only because they always need an income to add to their monthly supply, butalso because this class is always ready to work with enthusiasm and dynamism typical of youth Students are compared to "time kings", so it is also an opportunity for students

to use their free time to gain experience before entering a professional working environment

Besides, if you do not have the right orientation about part-time jobs and future goals, but onlyfocus on immediate goals, forgetting the main task of studying, you cannot balance between studying and doing part-time jobs will affect the academic results, health, lifestyle of students

So, part-time jobs can be considered a "double- edged sword" The question is how do students

do part-time jobs to earn extra income, have the opportunity to be close to reality, perfect their skills without being "alienated", negatively affecting their learning, practice morality and

lifestyle

Our research team, as students , chose the topic "Effects of part-time job on college students' lives in Hanoi" in the hopes of generating some ideas and orienting students in choosing part-time jobs, proposing some solutions to help them balance study and part-time work, so that part-time jobs truly support students' learning and self-improvement, as a preparation for them to conquer the future

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5

Graduated

Dorm Other Stay with 5% 1%

relatives 4%

Rented house

37%

Home Rented house

Stay with relatives

Dorm Other

H o m e 5 3

%

3

-The number of people working from home during the period of social distancing accounted for52.9%, that led to the drop in pupils living in rented house or dorm with nearly 4% The number

of people still renting houses is still there when Hanoi implements social distancing with

36.96%

- From the above numbers, initially, the research team predicted that part-time jobs would be considered to have less impact on learning because many jobs take place in the online

environment so students can reduce time and costs for students during pandemic period

b Positive/Negative effects of part-time jobs on studying:

Positive affects to study

No aspect 2.4%

Communication skill development 89.6%

Time-management skill 75.6%

Social awareness raising 58.5%

Experience from reality situations 33.5%

Self-understanding 60.4%

Knowledge acquisition improvement 19.5%

If the job related to the speacialization 0.6%

Be better off 0.6%

Positive affects to study results

- The majority of people attended the survey acknowledged that having a part-time job gave them some remarkable benefits both in hard and soft skills:

Communication skill development: 89.6%

Time-management skill: 75.6%

Self-understanding: 60.4%

Social awareness raising: 58.5%

- Beside that, there were some reports showed that working part-time job effected the efficiency

of studying at school:

Knowledge acquisition improvement: 19.5%

Experiences from reality situations: 33.5%

From all of the above, working a part-time job while attending university brought pupilssome significant experiences in life in order to improve their skills to train their ability inhandling situations

4

Negative affects on study

Can't keep it balance between studying and working 34.1%

Lose motivation to study 15.2%

0% 25% 50% 75% 100% 125%

Negative affects on study

- On the other hand, drawbacks from working extra job could be seen clearly: 69.5% of the

people told that their self-studying times was narrowed Approximately 34-45% of attendance

experienced problems such as:

No time for study

Less time on school

Unfocused on Studying

Can not keep it balance between studying and working

Beside that, there were some serious issues occurred such as losing studying motivation

(15.2%) Otherwise, there were still some who didn’t get effected by it (9.8%)

c Positive/Negative effects of part-time jobs on health:

Positive effects on health

No aspect 18.3%

Improving physical health 31.1%

Improving mental health 41.5%

Rasing awareness about health protection 31.1%

Improving financial conditions for health 52 4%

Balancing biological clock 34.1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Positive effects on health

5

It is considering to decide which is preferable between focusing on studying or

remaining balance between studying and working part-time after witnessing reports about

health according to the survey

- Positive sides:

Over a half of the people claimed that money from working part-time upgraded their

living standard which leading to developing in health (52.4%) and mindset (41.5%)

Plenty benefits could be listed out such as: Stabilize their life, improving their awareness

in health caring and exercises… Those were listed by almost 32% people attended the

Damaging physical health 27.4%

Biological clock disorder 37.2%

Negative effects on health

- Negative sides:

53% of the survey attendance got stressful from works because of the

competitive working environment plus the lacking of time for self-caring

Nearly 40% of people suffered from sleep disorder and health issues related to

biological clock

27.4% people said that it damaged their physical and mental health

d Positive/Negative effects of part-time jobs on relationship:

Positive effects on relationship

No aspect 3.7%

Improve ourselves image 56.7%

Appreciate family members's hard working 67.1%

Positive effects on relationship

- They saw that having a part-time job was the easiest way to expand their relationship which

could be seen easily with 90.9% people agreed 56.7 % pupils agreed that having a job while

attending university brought them many benefits included improving their image in people’s

eyes, contributing more to society 67.1% students listed out that they achieved lessons about the

value of money and working

Negative effects on relationship

No aspect 27.4%

Less time for family and friends 60.4%

Get into bad relationships 15.9%

Lower the quality of old relationships 21.3%

Less time for other relationships 0.6%

Negative effects on relationship

Part-time works still had some sustainable drawbacks:

Shift working consumes lots of times, especially after office hours The research depicted

that 60.4% of the people got less time for their family and friends and 15.9% people claimed

that they could get into bad relationships

7

21.3% people said that having a part-time job lower the quality of old relationships, otherwise, there were 27.4% of people was not effected by that.

Types of jobs

15.94%

23.19%

Service, barista Salesman Tutor

Percentiles 50

75

416.57 2.9000 3.1000 3.5000

- The average GPA of the students is about 3.0 - Standard deviation is 0.9 - The majority of students achieve good and excellent degrees

NUMBER OF THE CURRENT JOB

- On average, about 80 people in the survey doing only one job

- The number of people doing 2 jobs at the same time is less, just above 10 people

- And only 5 people who are doing 3 jobs at the

same time

AVER_STUDYTIME

- On average, each person spends about 2 hours on self-study.

- Most students, even if they have part-time jobs, they still spend 1 to 4 hours on self-study, which can also explain that even if they work, it doesn't affect their studies and their average GPA that from good level or higher

- On average, students go to work about 4 hours a day

- But based on the chart, the number of people working about 2 hours a day is the highest

- The number of students working more than 6 hours a day is quite small

- Most students work part time, so their working hours are not too many, it does not affect their studies

0 3.20 3.00 3 818 669 516 206 3 441 3.00 3.00 4.00

0 3.70 4.00 3 739 546 318 206 3 511 3.00 4.00 4.00

- Overall, the extent that work affects schooling, health, or relationships on average is rated positively.

- It can also be seen that part-time jobs bring many benefits to students

- Satisfaction level is the majority at level 3 and level 4, showing a very positive influence on relationships

- Regarding the effect on health, the majority of people at level 3 are positive, but the number of people who choose level 2 is at the highest effect on health out of the 3 tables This may be the case for people who work 2 or more jobs because having to work too much is also very bad for their health

- As for the influence on learning, most of them are very positive influences at level 3 and level

4, accounting for 80% of the survey Show that part-time jobs help them study better, having a place to practice lessons in class helps them understand the lesson and study better Prove that their GPA is mostly from pretty good to majority

- In 3 graphs, it can be seen that going to work has a positive influence on learning and

relationships mainly (80% are rated at 3 and 4) are highly appreciated by the students and the efficiency of going to work

a. Dependent Variable: GPA

b. All requested variables entered

- Dependent Variable: GPA => Average GPA during the period in university

- Independent Variables:

· work => Average working time per day

· study => Average self-study time per day

b. Dependent Variable: Aver_GPA

- R-square=0.001: Coefficient of determination Because we are running multi linear regression

so R-square have some limitations

 Using Adjusted R-square

Total ∑of squares

- R-square*adjustment factor = Adjusted R-square = -0.014

The value of adjusted R-square is too small, so this model is not so good because it seems that the dependent variable mostly can not explained by 2 independent variables

- The value of Std.Error of the Estimate is 0.91034  This value is not big  This might be a good regression

a. Dependent Variable: GPA

b. Predictors: (Constant), work, study

- Regression sum of square: Total variation caused by regression

- Residual sum of square: Total variation causes by residual

H1: At least 1 value of β2 and β2 not equal 0

Test for hypothesis by using sig (p-value)

Model Unstandardized Standardized t Sig 95.0%Confidence Collinearity

Coefficients Coefficients Interval for B Statistics

Dependent Variable: Aver_GPA

- Linear regression: GPA = 3.012 + 0.15study – 0.008work

On average:

If student doesn’t have a job and self-study, his/her average GPA will be 3.012

When student increases his/her self-study time by 1 hour, his/her average GPA increases by 0.15

When student increases his/her working time by 1 hour, his/her average GPA decreases by 0.008

- Absolute value of standardized coefficients of β1 (0.023) is higher than that of β2 (0.019), so the average

self-study time has more effect on the average GPA than the average working time

- Test for hypothesis:

Because sig β2 = 0.828 > α=0.05 => not reject H0 => β2 might be equal 0 and the average working time might make no sense to Average GPA.

Comment: At first, we expected that there was a positive correlation between self-study time,

working time and GPA If what we expected has enough evidence to be proved that it is right,students can look at our research and make most suitable decisions for them However, as theresults which are estimated and explained by those tables above, there’s nothing at all All theestimated results are insignificant that means GPA of a student is almost unaffected by his/herself-study time or the amount of time he/she goes to work

c. Dependent Variable: work

d. All requested variables entered

- Dependent Variable: work => Average working time per day

- Independent Variables:

allowance => Average monthly allowance

study => Average self-study time per day

Square the Estimate

- The value of Std.Error of the Estimate is 2.19390 => this value is quite big => This seems not a good regression

a Dependent Variable: work

b Predictors: (Constant), allowance, study

- Linear regression model: work = β0 + β1study + β2allowance

- Null hypothesis:

H0:β1=β2=0

H1: At least 1 value of β1 and β2 not equal 0

Test for hypothesis by using sig (p-value)

Sig = 0.9 > α=0.05 => not reject H0, there’s not enough evidence to prove that at least 1

value of β1 and β2 not equal 0

Coefficients a

Model Unstandardized Standardized t Sig 95.0%Confidence Collinearity

Coefficients Coefficients Interval for B Statistics

bound bound

a Dependent Variable: work

- Linear regression: work = 4.101 + 0.007study + 0.043allowance

On average:

17

If student doesn’t spend time on self-study and has no allowance, his/her average

working will be 4.101

When student increases his/her average self-study time per day by 1 hour, his/her

average working time per day increases by 0.007 hour

When student’s average monthly allowance is increased by VND 1 million,

his/her average working time per day increases by 0.043 hour

- Absolute value of standardized coefficients of β1 (0.004) is lower than that of β2 (0.039), so theaverage self-study time per day has less effect on the average working time per day than the average monthly allowance

- Test for hypothesis:

+) T-test for β1:

H0:β1= 0

H1:β1≠0

Because sig β1 = 0.961 > α=0.05 => not reject H0 => β1 might be equal 0 and the

average self-study time per day might make no sense to Average working time per day.+) T-test for β2

H0:β2=0

H1:β2≠0

Because sig β2 = 0.652 > α=0.05 => not reject H0 => β2 might be equal 0 and the

average monthly allowance might make no sense to Average working time per day

Comment: On the other hand, in the second model, average working time per day is expected to

decrease when both average monthly allowance and average self-study time per day increase.However, same conclusion happened that there was no correlation among them From ourperspective, this faulty maybe due to lack of proper theories when developing variables

III Appendix

Questionnaire: