Also, it presents some specific application of this technique in measurement - controlling - automation systems.. With a huge amount of information contained in digital images, the techn
Trang 1\43 Wk\ TAO
TRONG CAC HE THONG TU DONG NOi
ARTIFICIAL EYES IN AUTOMATIC SYSTEJ
TOM TAT
Bii b i o sfi trinh b i y vfi m i t n h i n tao v l cic difiu kifin
cho su p h i t trifin cua cdng nghfi m i t n h i n tao Sau dd, b i i
b i o sfi gidi thifiu mdt sd Ung dung cu thfi cCia ky t h u i t n i y
trong elc hfi thdng do ludng-difiu k h i f i n - t u d d n g hda Vdi
luong thdng tin r l t Idn ehUa trong i n h sd, " M i t nhan tao"
cd y nghTa rat ldn trong cic he thdng md phdng sinh hpc
cd chdc n i n g quan sit - difiu khien va q u i n ly SU p h i t trifin
ddng bp gida cie nginh khoa hpe khle nhau va sU phdi
hop gida cic ITnh vUc cu thfi ehinh la tifin dfi eho sU p h i t
trifin manh mfi ciia cdng nghfi niy Hifin nay, " m i t n h i n
tao" da va dang dUOe Ung dung n g i y c i n g rdng r i i trong
nhifiu ITnh vUc cua ddi sdng
ABSTRACT
The report describes the performance of "Artificial eye"
and conditions assistant to its technological development
Also, it presents some specific application of this technique
in measurement - controlling - automation systems With a
huge amount of information contained in digital images,
the technique has a critical role in the biological simulation
undertaking functions of vision - controlling and
manag-ing The technique is based on the synchronous
develop-ment of different sciences and the coordination of specific
areas Nowadays, the artificial eyes technique has been
widely applied to variety of human-being fields
I.DATVAND^
Theo p h l n tich ciia eic n h i khoa hpc, 90% lupng thdng
tin m l con ngudi thu t h i p dUdc l i qua m i t
" M i t n h i n tao" l i mdt k h i i nifim ve thifit kfi ky t h u i t cd
chdc n i n g md phdng theo m i t ngudi dUa trfin cdng nghfi
camera sd, ky t h u i t xCf ly i n h va cic hfi chuyen gia
Viec xay dung t h i n h cdng " m i t n h i n tao" se cho ta g i i i
p h i p dfi thu duoc ddng thdi mdt lUpng Ic^ thdng tin ciia
nhifiu loai thdng tin khic nhau
N G U Y E N V A N L I £ N , N G U Y E N D A N G D O N G , CAO odctA
Trung tdm Khoa hqc vd C6ng nghi Tuddng hda Hd Ndi e-mail: liennv@moil.hut.edu.vn, ndd_vn2008@yahoo.com, kiencd86@gmall.com
Ngiy nay, k h l i nifim ' m i t n h i n t a o ' d i trdthinhpli bifin v i dupc Ung dgng trong r l t nhifiu Hnh vuc nhild ludng, n h i n dang, difiu khien trong t u d d n g hda
• Trong do ludng: Nhu do kich thudc hinh hoc, miu si hinh d i n g ,
• Trong n h i n dang: n h i n dang ddi tUpng ID-SOth hinh dang, kich hudc hinh hpe, mau sic,
• Trong t u d d n g hda: ' M i t n h i n tao" dUOcsOri cic sensor tdng hpp dfi xic dinh d c thdng
p h l m , tU dd dua ra d c quyfit djnh difiu khifin Dfi cd " m i t n h i n t a o ' trong difiu khien hfi ddng, d n thifit p h i i cd su kfit hpp ciia nhifiu fir
• Camera ky t h u i t s6
• Ky t h u i t xCr ly i n h v i c i c phan mfim hd tn?
• Ky t h u i t vi xU ly
• He chuyfin gia thdng minh
Dfi n i n g cao dd chinh x i c ciia hfi thdng stf
t h u i t " m i t n h i n t?o", ehung ta c i n :
• N i n g cao dd p h i n g i i i cua camera s6
• N i n g eao c h i t lUdng xU ly I n h v i he chuy< Cic yfiu c l u trfin kfio theo yfiu cau ddi vdi cOa hfi thdng nhU: tdc dp dudng truyfin p h i i dill truyfin i n h v l hfi vi xiJT ly p h i i dd manh dfi d i p i}w|^
d c yfiu d u phUc tap ciia cic t h u i t t o i n xijf ly Inn'^' chuyfin gia
Nhu v|y, dfi x i y dung v l p h i t trifin ky t h u i t ' i _
tao", d n p h l i cd dupc su p h i t trifin ddng bd v i 9t\
hdp cila d c ITnh vi/c cu thfi cUa nhifiu n g i n h khoal" khic nhau
m
Trang 2Nhu da neu, khli nifim " M i t n h i n tao" I I sU tdng hda
ua cie ky t h u i t : sensor i n h - camera s6, vi xU ly, ky t h u i t
U ly i n h v i he chuyfin gia thdng minh " M i t nhan tao" eho
ihep x i c djnh ddng thdi nhifiu thdng sd cung nhu c i c loai
hdng sd khac nhau, t i i tao hinh i n h 2D, 3D v i m i u sic eua
ldi tuang, tUdd p h l n tieh, n h i n dang, v i sau dd dua ra cac
luyet djnh
" M i t n h i n tao" ed y nghTa nhU m i t ngudi trong elc hfi
ndng t u ddng quan s i t - dieu khien v l q u i n 1^, vdi 90%
Jong thdng tin ciia ddi tUpng thu duoc thdng qua ky t h u i t
ii ly tin hieu hinh I n h v i eic quyfit djnh difiu khifin dupc
Ua ra bdi hfi chuyen gia thdng minh
! P H A N TfCH CAC Dl£u K I £ N KHOA HOC KY
H U A T O6\ V d l SU P H A T TRiiN C O A K V
H U A T " M A T N H A N TAO"
.1 Camera ky thuat so
Camera sd hifin dang t r d nfin hfit sUc phd bifin trong
lpi m i t eua ddi sdng, d i e biet l i trong khoa hpe ky t h u i t
lien nay Anh sd l i kfit q u i thu t h i p tU camera sd Cudng
d sang dupe thu thap qua bd thau kinh v i e l m bifin i n h
i n g Tin hieu thu dupe sfi dupe sd hda t h i n h I n h sd va luu
•Q trong bd nhd
Chit lupng i n h sd phu thudc v i o 2 yfiu td:
• Dd p h i n g i i i thfi hifin do chi tiet m i I n h md t i ddi
Jang
• Chit lupng bp sd hda the hien sU trung thUc eiia anh
Vdi su p h i t trifin ciia khoa hpe edng nghfi, bd sd hda d i
at chat Iupng rat cao va trd t h i n h chuan, vi v i y hifin nay
gudi ta quan t i m nhifiu hon tdi dp p h i n g i l i ctia I n h
Do rpng v?it the (cm)
10
10
10
10
Do rpng Iren anh (pixel)
10
SO
100
1000
Do rpng tuang ling ciia 1 pixel (cm)
1 0:2 0.1
0.01
Sai so
10% 2% 1%
0.1%
2.2 K? THUAT xijf LV ANH S 6 VA CAC PHAN
M £ M CHUY£N DUNG CHO xOr i t A N H
90% thdng tin m i con ngUdi binh thudng thu n h i n 11
tU m i t Nhu v i y , nfiu sU dyng camera l i m thifit bj do ludng trong hfi thdng difiu khifin, ta cd thfi thu duoe rat nhifiu thdng tin tU I n h sd Cie ky t h u i t xCf 1^ i n h v i p h l n mem chuyfin dung ra ddi dfi phuc vu eho vific khai t h i c c i e thdng tin mong mudn t U i n h sd
Bin c h i t xd ly i n h sd l i xU ly tin hifiu sd nhieu chifiu, v i mang d l y dii cie tinh chat eda b i i t o i n xCf ly tin hifiu sd Mdt b i i t o i n xU ly I n h sd dupc chia l i m 2 m i n g : Chuan hda I n h (theo c i c tifiu ehl khic nhau) v l trich ehpn d i e tinh
H 2 Cdc khdu chinh cda xCriy dnh s6
a, Chu6n hoa dnh I I budc d l u tien eCia xU ly I n h sd, I I
chuyfin ddi, bifin doi i n h theo mdt chuan cho trudc (chuan
i n h sing, chuan tuong p h i n , chuIn m i u sic, ) v i c i c q u i trinh Ipc nhieu, them nhieu, Muc dich eiia ehuan hda i n h
I I l i m ndi trdi eic thdng tin can khai t h i c d trong I n h so
T Md phdng mdlquan heglifa dophdn gidi vd chdtlHOng thi hiin cua dnh H 3 Anh c6 nhieu vd iau khi loc nhieu
f nghia cda dp phan gidi trong do lUioig, diiu khiin:
Anh sd v i dp phan g i i i eua i n h sd rat cd;? nghTa trong
ec do kich thudc v i t the tU xa, nhu do kich thudc t h i n g ,
3 khoing d c h , do gdc, Dp p h l n g i l i c i n g ldn thi do
linh xic eila phfip do cang ldn
Vi du, mdt v | t thfi cd d d rdng l i 10cm Trfin i n h , do
ng dd dupc thfi hifin bdi a pixels Ta cd b l n g so sinh
H 4 Anh gdc vd dnh sau khi chinh sang
Trang 3quan t i m tU i n h sd sau khi dUpc c h u i n hda Thinh p h i n
dupe trich ehpn dd dupe gpi I I vector d i e tinh Vector d i e
tinh thudng p h i i dat dUpc 2 yfiu elu sau:
• Cd kich thudc nhd hon r l t nhifiu so vdi i n h gdc
ban dau
• Mang h i u hfit thdng tin vi ddi tUpng c i n xfit
Vdi tinh ehit trfin, cic vector d i e tinh sfi thay thfi cho
ddl tuang trong cie b i i t o i n do ludng, n h i n d^ng v i ti^
ddng hda
Trong cic b i i t o i n xd 1^ I n h Ung dyng trong do ludng,
n h i n dang v i tU ddng hda, cie cdng cu hd trp xd ly i n h sd
thudng dung hifin nay l i MATLAB, OpenCV v i LabView
D i y l i c i c p h l n mfim cung e l p cho ngudi sCf dung cie
edng eu eung nhu cic thu vifin cO b i n cho vific xd ly, n h i n
dang cic ddi tUpng tU hinh i n h dfi phuc vu cho cie mue
dich do ludng - difiu khifin tUddng
2.3 SU P H A T TRI£'N C U A C A C H £ T H 6 N G
P H A N COTNG, VI XlT LV
oi xd ly i n h sd, eln p h l i thuc hifin cic thao t i c tinh
t o i n phdc tap, cac edng thde r l t cdng kfinh Dfi dng dung
dupc xU ly i n h sd trong edng nghifip, c i n thiet p h i i cd he
thdng p h i n cUng d i p Ung dUpe vdi luong thdng tin rat Idn
ma I n h sd thu n h i n ve Vdi mdt i n h O.SMegaPixels, hfi
thdng se xCr ly 300.000 g i i trj eho mdi i n h Vdi ludng video
30 khung hinh/giay, mdi frame la 0.3megapixels, moi g i l y
hfi thdng p h i i xCf ly 300.000 x 30 = 9.000.000 diem i n h mdi
giiy Do do, di Ung dung dupe xd ly anh sd trong do ludng,
difiu khien, c i n thifit p h i i cd sU p h i t tnen du manh eua eic
he thdng vi xCf ly, he thdng truyfin dan dU lieu v i he thdng
lUu trd ddlieu
a Hi thong PC-VixCtly
Trong c i c he thdng Idn, PC dupe sCf dung l i m bd
dieu khifin trung t i m thu t h i p xd ly anh sd va dUa ra
quyfit djnh Vdi PC, ehung ta t i n dung dupe tdc dd xU
ly cao, dn dinh, phu hop cho viec tinh t o i n vdi khdi
lupng Idn, tich hpp giao dien v i kfit ndi vdi cac thiet bj
va hfi thdng khic
Trong c i c he thdng nhd sU dung camera (robot, cac
may cd kich thudc be, ), vifie dUa PC v i o l i mdt g i l i
phap khdng phu hpp vdi thUc te vi PC k h i cdng kenh,
va qua nhieu t i i nguyen tU PC khdng e l n dung dfin Vi
v i y , ta e l n p h i i tao ra c i c hfi thdng vi xd ly nhd gpn,
chuyfin dung de thay thfi eho PC Dieu dd ddi hdi eic
ddng vi xCf ly p h i i ed tde dd r l t cao, he thdng bd nhd
Idn, cdng s u i t tifiu thu be v l k h i n i n g thifit ke l i p r i p
mach don g i i n
Hien nay, vdi sp p h i t trifin eOa eic hp vi xd ly, DSP,
FPGA, ehung ta d l cd the thiet ke c i c he thdng nhung cd
the sii dung cho xd ly i n h Cic ldi xd ly tdc dp cao thudng
dung hifin nay I I : ARM (32bit), DSP (32bit), FPGA Vi xCf ly
vdi tdc dp 180MHz trong 1 giay ed thfi xd ly dupc
180.000.000 lenh v i cd thfi thda man dupe cie yfiu d u tinh
t o i n phUc tap ciia xd ly i n h
Vi xii ly ARM9TDM1 VixiilyARM9E DSP TMS320C6000 DSI' IMS32(lVC5510A-200
180 MHz
200 MHz 1.2 GHz
400 MHz
# •
»
b.Cdchith6nglinitrO
Hi^n nay c i c hfi thdng luu trU d i p h i t trifin r i t manh vi d^t dupe dUdc dung lupng r l t ldn Trfin thi trudng da xuai
hi^n phd bifin elc d cUng cd dung lUpng tU hang trim C&
tdi h i n g TB vdi mUc g i i rfi v i c h i t luong cao Vi viy, vi^
luu trd i n h sd d i khdng cdn l i v i n dfi hifin nay
c Hi th6ng truydn dan
Vdi hfi thdng camera IMP, thi lupng thdng tin rti
camera truyfin di l i 3MB/s; vdi he thdng 2MP, li/ong thdng tin truyfin di l i 6MB/s Ta t h l y r i n g lupng thong tin
I n h sd truyen t i i I I r l t Idn, do dd e l n p h l i cd hfi tiling truyfin d i n phu hpp
Hifin nay elc phuong phap truyfin d i n b l n g cip quang, qua mang Ethernet, dfiu da cho phep truyfin dat thflng tin I n h cd megapixel vdi k h o i n g cich va tde dp ngiydiiKi dupe eli thifin
2.4 Sii ph<it trien cua tri t u e nhan tao
Vdi su p h i t trifin khoa hpc cdng nghfi, ngudi ta 3a va
dang nghifin edu, p h i t trifin c i c he thdng may moc iis
dung tri tue n h i n tao (intelligence machines) Vdi tri tue
n h i n tao, c i c m i y mdc cd thfi hoat ddng md phdng theo cich m i con ngudi suy nghT, vdi c i c Uu ^ f i m ndi bit cich thdc hoat ddng md phdng tri tue tU nhifin Muc dich cua Ung dung tri tue n h i n tao la tao ra eae he thdng may m6c thdng mmh, ed k h i n i n g d i p Ung dupe vdi difiu kifin thay ddi cua mdi trudng v l v l n g i d dUOc dp tin c i y ciia ket qui
lOi^u ki$n
Input
""*" H0 chuydn gia ^
_ ^ (Trf tu$ nh6n t^) ^ ^
^ Ou^ut
Tinh toin tv d ^ g
H S Md td hogt ddng cda hi thdng cd liMg dung tri tue nhdn tgo, dSa "
khdng bl dnh hUdng khi Mu kien Idm viic thay doi
Mdt s6 m i n g tri tue nhan tao hifin nay thudng dUcfcsiJ dung l i :
• Tim kifim v i tdi LTU hda (Search and optimization)
• Logic
• Phin loai v i thdng ke
• Phuang p h i p x i c s u i t
30
Trang 4• Difiu khien thdng minh
Vdi cac thifit bj m i y mdc, tri tufi n h i n tao mang lai mdt
sduudiem nhUsau:
• Khi n i n g thich nghi ciia he thdng trong cie mdi
trudng lam viee khic nhau, do he thdng tU thay ddi thdng
sd dii t u phu hpp vdi mdi trudng
• He thdng cd k h i n i n g thue hifin cic nhifim vp m l h§
tuyfin tinh, phi tuyfin thdng thudng khdng thfi l i m dUpc
• He thdng van cd the hoat ddng binh thUdng khi x l y
ra loi d mdt nut nao dd n l m bfin trong
• Cd k h i n i n g tich luy t u hpc hdi v l tfch lijy kinh
nghifim
Bfin canh nhdng Uu difim, d c hfi thdng tri tufi n h i n tao
bj vUdng m i c bdi mdt sd nhuoe difim nhU:
• He thdng p h l i duac hpe trude khi cd thfi thuc hifin
nhiem vu cu the
• Cdng thdc tinh toan edng kenh, ddi hdi hfi thdng p h l i
ed tdc dp cao 6i cd the xd ly
Ta thay r i n g tri tufi n h i n tao I I mdt pham tru r l t rdng
v i Ung dung dUOe ddi vdi hau nhU moi ddi tUpng Hifin nay,
' vdi sU phat trien manh mfi eua he thdng p h l n cdng, d c hfi
VI xd ly v i cie phan mfim ehuyen dung, tri tufi n h i n tao da
icd thfi dupe trifin khai dng dung trong cic hfi thdng cdng
nghifip
Vdi su p h i t trifin eua khoa hpe tri tufi nhin tao, camera sd,
ky thuit xU ly i n h v i eae hfi thdng p h l n cUng, ta t h l y r i n g
i m i t nhin tao dang dUng trUde co hdi p h i t trifin manh me
' Cic he thdng camera cd k h i nang thu nhin, xU ly nhu m i t
' con ngudi sfi mang lai hieu q u i vd cCing to Idn ddi mpi mat
trong ddi sdng ndi ehung va trong t u dpng hda ndi rifing
3 MdT s d Q N G D U N G M A T N H A N T A O
T R O N G TLT D 0 N G H 6 A
'3.1 MSit nhan tao trong tudong h6a qud trinh
giam sat, qudn jy nhdn si^
Cac he thdng g i i m sit, q u i n ly n h i n sU b l n g camera
• hifin nay dang rat phd bifin trong mpi m i t cOa ddi sdng x i
hdi eung nhu trong s i n xuat kinh doanh, " M i t n h i n tao"
phu trich tUng khu vuc se thue hien cic chUc n i n g ; g i i m
sit, xic n h i n ddi tuong v i o ra tai eic khu vpc, cho phfip
'hole t d chdi truy d p v l cic thdng tin vi ddi tupng, thdi
]gian, dia difim dUoc gUi vi may tinh trung t i m Tai m i y tinh
trung t i m , cic kfit q u i sfi dupc tdng hpp v l p h l n loai theo
muc dich ciia n g u d i q u i n ly
cie ky t h u i t nhU: n h i n dang khudn mat, n h i n dang d i n g ngudi, Cdng vific n h i n difin difin ra tU ddng va kin d i o khi vific theo ddi dien ra tUxa, ddi tuong khdng d n p h l i tiep xdc true tiep Ifin he thdng
3.2 Mcit nhSn tao trong day chuyin cong ngh§, trong vdn hdnh cdc thao tdc vdi cdc cdng doan khdc nhau nhutay mdy,
M i t n h i n tao cd thfi xd 1^ ddl tUdng theo 2D hole khdi
phuc ddi tupng trong khdng gian 3D v i xd 1^, Oi thu dupc
hinh i n h 3D, ngudi ta sU dung 2 camera vdl gdc dd gidng nhu cich sip xfip vj tri ciia m i t ngUdi, phdi hpp i n h t d 2 camera ngudi ta cd thfi dung Ifin md hinh 3D cda ddi tupng Cic hfi thdng difiu khifin nhifiu thao t i c thudng g i p
cd sU dung " m i t n h i n tao" nhU: difiu khifin tay m i y l i p r i p
xe hdi, difiu khifin tay m i y trong phun son cic chi tifit,
3.3 Dieu khien thich nghi qua qud trinh nhdn dang
Hfi m i t n h i n tao thu n h i n I n h ciia ddi tupng, t d d d x i c djnh thdng sd v i dUa ra cic tin hifiu difiu khifin Mdt sd b i i
t o i n sU dung m i t n h i n tao dfi n h i n dang v i difiu khifin nhu: he thdng c i n g v i i t u d d n g trong d l y chuyfin cudn v i i ,
he thdng p h i n loai chat lUpng sin p h l m , hfi thdng q u i n ly xeed,
a Hi th6ng cang vdi ti/ ddng trong ddy chuyin cuon vdi
Tnjc 1 Jf Tn,ic 2
H 7 Md hinh h^ thdng Oliu khiin cudn vdl vdl mit nhdn tgo
Thay vl dung c i c c i m bifin do dd d n g , thi hfi thdng
m i t nhan tao se do dp vdng cda v i i Nfiu v i i q u i cang,
hoae q u i chdng, 66 vdng eua v i i sfi n l m ngoii khoing cho
phfip, khi do he thdng se difiu khifin tdc dd cudn trfin 2 true
de dua v i i trd vi do c i n g binh thudng Vific g i i m sit niy
dupe thuc hifin t d xa m l khdng c i n p h i i t i c ddng true tifip
v i o hfi thdng v i i
b Mat nhdn tao trong nhdn dang sdn phdrr\, phdn loai sdn phSm
Trong elc trudng hop niy, m i t n h i n tao trd t h i n h mdt
hfi chuyfin gia di d i n h g l l c h i t lUpng sin p h l m v i m i t
n h i n tao sfi thay the eon ngUdi trong khlu p h l n loai
MAy tinh
H tf Md hinh hf thdng qudn If gidm sdt nhdn sif theo thii gian vd khdng gian H 8 Mit nhdn tgo trong hf thing nhdn dgng, phdn logi sdn phSm
Automation Today / 7, 2012 Oi
Trang 5pham, g i i i p h i p " m i t n h i n tao" sddung camera ky t h u i t
sd thUc sU Uu Viet hon so vdi c i c g i l i p h i p khic nhU: hfi
thdng p h l n loai c h i t lUong gach men, hfi thdng p h l n loai
hoa q u i theo dd chin,
Vi du vdi hfi thdng p h l n loai s i n p h l m gach men: dfi
n h i n dang c h i t lupng s i n p h i m e l n p h i i bifit dUOc cic
thdng sd nhU kieh thude, m l u sic, dUdng v i n , gdc sdt,
dudng xudc, Vdi h i n g loat thdng sd nhU v i y , nfiu sU
dung cic g i l i p h i p thdng thUdng, hfi thdng se vd ciing dd
sd v i cdng kfinh do mdi thdng sd ta p h i i e l n mdt hfi sensor
v i thu t h i p rifing Tuy nhifin, chi b i n g i n h sd v i ky t h u i t xd
ly i n h , ta da cd thfi xic djnh duoc ddng thdi t i t e l elc
thdng sd tren ehi vdi mdt he thdng camera so v l bd tinh
t o i n xU ly
H 9 Phdn loai ggch men vdi rdt i\hliu thdng sd, gldl
phdp hiiu qud nhdt td sUdung ky thudr "mdt nhdn
c Mdt nhdn tao trong do mUc nUdc sdng ho
Blng he thdng m i t n h i n tao, ed the xac dinh dupe mUe
nudc thdng qua vific xac djnh cic thdng sd vi dd eao, dp
rpng cda mUc nUde trfin i n h sd Vi du, vdi hfi thdng dUdi
day, muc nude dupe tinh theo su di chuyen cua mat p h l n
cich nhan dupe trong I n h sd
H W Md hinh do mifc niidc
iiing hi thong mdt nhdn tao
d Mdt nhdn tao trong qudn ly xe cp
Ong dung nay sU dung tai c i c tda n h i thdng minh, c i c
diem gdi xe hole dung di kiem soit xe luu thdng trfin
dudng Vdi m i t n h i n tao, viee n h i n dang v l p h i n loai se
dat dp ehinh x i c eao, dn djnh v i ket cau he thdng dOn g i i n
Mdt sd he thdng q u i n ly xe cd sd dung ky t h u i t m i t n h i n
tao thudng gap l i : he thdng kifim soit v i o ra theo bien sd,
p h l n loai xe luu thdng theo bifin sd hole theo loai xe, tfnh
l o i n luu luong xe luu thdng trfin dudng,
dgng biin
Vf du vdi hfi thdng q u i n 1^ v i o ra theo bifin sd, camera
se dpe d l u xe dfi p h i t hifin bifin sd, sau dd t i c h v i nhan dang c i c ky t i / trfin bifin sd Bifin sd n i o da dupc ding kj thi hfi thdng se eho phfip xe dd dupe di qua thdng qua he thdng t u d d n g ddng md barie v i dfin b i o ,
3.4 MJbt nhdn tao trong cdc qud trinh tudong h6a
md tai dd khdng t h i gidm sdt, do ludng blng cic phuong phdp trUc t i ^
Tai nhdng mdi trUdng nhifit dd cao nhU Id nung, ngiJM
ta cd thfi dung camera dfi quan s i t m i u sic cua Ida vknic
dinh nhifit dd tUong ddi d trong Id Hifin nay, dfi do gidn tifip (khdng t i e ddng trUc tifip Ifin ddi tUOng do) thi cic phuong i n khic n h u do quang phd, sifiu i m , deu cdgij
t h i n h cao hon nhifiu so vdi sd dung camera sd Trfin d i y I I mdt v i i vl du Ung dung cy thfi eua ky thuat
" m i t n h i n tao": Vdi cie Uu difim cda " m i t nhin tao', ky
t h u i t n i y d l v i dang duoc i p dyng d nhifiu ITnh vUe khic nhau cua cudc sdng, dac bifit l i trong cdng nghe robot,dc
d i y chuyfin s i n x u l t v i elc hfi thdng g i i m sat-quin ly, Cung vdi su p h i t trifin manh mfi cua c i c nginh khoa hoc
p h l n cdng, p h l n mfim, tri tue n h i n tao, m i t nhan tao se
n g i y c i n g phd bifin trong mpi m i t cua ddi sdng x i hpi
4 K^T L U A N
Qua b i i p h i n tich trfin, ehung ta t h l y r i n g hien nay vdi
sU phat trifin ddng bd cua nhifiu ITnh vuc khic nhau, tri tue
n h i n tao ndi ehung v i m i t n h i n tao ndi rieng dang ngSy
c i n g trd t h i n h mdt g i i i p h i p uu viet trong cic hfi thdng ta ddng hda Vdi m i t n h i n tao, ta cd dupc hfi thdng vdi mit
sd Uu difim sau:
• Thdng tin ddi tuong duoc thu t h i p vdi sd lupng Idn vJ
da ehieu, m i cie phUOng p h i p cd difin khdng thuc hien duoc
• Hfi thdng hoat dpng linh hoat, tin eay, hifiu qui, toe
dp xd ly d i p dng dUoe vdi yeu d u cua n h i s i n xuat
• G i i thanh cua hfi thdng sd dung m i t n h i n tao dang
n g i y cang rfi do sU p h i t trifin manh me cda khoa hoc ky
t h u i t
• Kfit cau cua he thdng m i t n h i n tao thudng dem giin,
t h i o l i p dfi d i n g vl t i t c l dfiu theo chuan cdng nghifip Vdi nhdng tinh n i n g Uu viet cua minh v i su phat trien cua khoa hoc cdng nghfi, m i t n h i n tao dang tdng bUdc trcf
t h i n h mdt lua chpn h o i n h i o eho d c he thdng tudgng hda trong tUOng lai D
T A I L I £ U T H A M K H A O
[1 ] Xiong Zhihui, Computer Vision, InTech, 2008 [2] Richard Szeliski, Computer Visio: Algorithms and appli-cations, Spnnger, 2010
[3] Bruce G Batchelor, Intelligent Vision Systems f<w Industry, Springer, 2002
[4] Ales Ude, Robot Vision, InTech, 2010 {51 David Vernon, Machine Vision: Automated Visual Inspection and Robot Vision, Prentice Hall, 2010 [6] A Torreao, Advances in Strereo Vision, InTech, 2011