^ -iTNG DUNG PHAN MEM PLECS M 6 PHONG HE T H O N G DIEU KHIEN NOI LlTcn CHO TUABIN GIO SU" DUNG MAY PHAT DIEN DFIG Application of Flees in modelUng grid-connected control for wind turbin
Trang 1^
-iTNG DUNG PHAN MEM PLECS M 6 PHONG HE T H O N G DIEU KHIEN
NOI LlTcn CHO TUABIN GIO SU" DUNG MAY PHAT DIEN DFIG
Application of Flees in modelUng grid-connected control for wind turbines using Dfig
Le Kim Anh' Huynh Duong Khanh Linh^
Tom tat Abstract
Nghien cim sic dung vd khai thdc hieu qud
ngudn ndng lugng gid di phdt dien cd y nghia
thiit thuc den viec gidm biin ddi khi hdu vd gidm
suphu thugc vdo cdc ngudn nhien liiu hda thach
cd nguy co cgn kiet, gdy d nhiim moi tru&ng De
dieu khien tuabin gid vgn hdnh dugc tdi uu vdi
van tdc gid nhdt dinh, hi thdng phdi tu dieu chinh
theo su thay doi cita van tdc vd hu&ng gid Uu
diim ciia hi thong la khd ndng truyin ndng lugng
theo cd hai huang nh& cdc bd bien ddi dien tir
cdng sudt vd kit hgp v&i mgch lgc de logi trie cdc
sdng hdi bdc cao, dieu ndy coy nghia l&n den viec
edi thiin chat lugng dien ndng Bdi bdo dua ra kit
qud md phdng he thdng dieu khiin ndi lu&i ung
dung phdn mimPlecs cho tuabin gid sic dung mdy
phdt diin khdng dong bg ngudn kep (Doubly Fed
Induction Generator — Dfig) nhdm duy tri cdng
sudt phdt tdi da cua he thdng bdt ehdp tdi noi v&i
he thdng
Tir khda- ndng luang gid, tuabin gid, Dfig; cdc
bo biin ddi dien tic cong sudt, Plecs
Researching the eff'ective use and exploitation
of the wind energy to generate electricity is meaningful This contributes to reduce climate change and energy dependence on fossil energy sources which are at risk of both exhausting and causing environmental pollution In order io efriciently operate wind turbines at a defined wind velocity, the rotor system must be functioned and
be self-adjusted to the change of wind speed and direction The positive side of the system is able to transfer power in both directions thanks to the use
of power electronic converters and the combination
of harmonic filter circuits in order to filter out high level harmonics on the grid This will also have
a significant effect on power quality improvement
The article showed the result of modulating grid-connected control system in Plecs applied for wind turbine using Doubly Fed Induction Generator -Dfig in order to maintain maximum capacity of the system regardless of connected power loads
Key words: Wind energy, Wind Turbine, Dfig, Power electronic converters, Plecs
1 Dat van de
Ngay nay, cung vdi sy phat manh me cua
thd gidi, nhu cau su dyng nang lugng cua con
ngudi ngay cang tang Nguon nang iugng tai tao
(Renewable Energy sources - RES) noi chung va
ngudn nang lugng gio noi ridng la ngudn nang
lugng sach, khdng gay 6 nhidm mdi trudng, ddng
thdi tiem nang ve tru lugng nang lugng gid a nude
ta rat Ion Theo sd lieu ciia Ngan hang Thd gidi,
tiem nang gid ciia Viet Nam (d do cao 65m) rit
kha quan, udc dat 513.360MW, Idn han 200 lin
cdng suit nha may thiiy dien Son La va han 10
lin tdng cdng suit dy bao ciia nganh didn ddn nam
2020 Theo Le Danh Lien (2008), day se la ngudn
nang lugng tidm nang dang ke cd thd khai thac va
bd sung cho ngudn dien luai qude gia, thay thd
din cac nguon nang lugng hda thach ngay cang
can kiet, cai thien dugc mdi trudng sdng dang la muc tidu nghidn ciru cua nhieu qude gia Vi^c ung dung phin mdm Plecs md phdng he thong dieu
kidn noi ludi cho tuabin gio six dung may phat
dien Dfig nham hudng ddn phat trien luai dien thdng minh va didu khien linh hoat cac ngudn nang lugng tai tao
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Bang I: Tiem nang gio cua Bdng Nam A (cao 6Sm)
Nguon: Ngan hang The gidi
Trang 22 He thdng dieu khien noi ludi tnabin gio su
dung may phat dien Dfig
Theo (Martin Kanalik, Frantisek Lizak 2005),
he thdng didu khidn ndi luai tuabin gid sd dung
may phat dien khdng ddng bg ngudn kep (Doubly
Fed Induction Generator, Dfig) bao gom cac thanh
phan ca ban, nhu Hinh 1 He thong tuabin gid, vdi
^
phia stator dugc noi Uyc tiep ludi dien, phia rotor dugc ndi qua hai bg bidn ddi Bg bidn ddi chinh luu ggi la (AC/DC) dugc dat d phia rotor cho dien
ap ra mdt chidu (DC), bd bien ddi nghjch luu ggi
la (DC/AC) dugc dat d phia ludi cho ra didn ap xoay chidu (AC) ndi ludi, hai bd bidn ddi lidn he vdi nhau thong qua mach mdt chieu trung gian
Bg chinh lim
(AC/DC)
ir
Bg nghicb
(DC/AC)
—-Jig "T- ^
Ngudn gio
' Gdc
' pitch(0p)
Stator 4-May phat dien (DFIG)
4
Cacbd dieu khien
Ludi didn
Hmh 1: He thong dieu khien ndi lu&i cho tuabin gid sic dung mdy phdt dien
l.\ Mo hinh tuabin gid
Theo Rooholiah Fadaeinedjad, Gerry
Moschopoulost, Mehrdad Moallemt (2006), cdng
suat ciia tuabin gid dugc tfnh theo bidu thuc:
C(A,/3)^ 'm
Trong do: P^: Cdng suat dau ra cua tuabin (W);
C (X,p): He sd bien ddi nang lugng (la ty sd giiJa
tdc dd diu canh 1 va goc canh P); A: Tidt dien vong
quay cua canh quat (m^); p: Mat do ciia khdng khi,
p = 1.255 (kg/m^) Td bidu thuc (1) ta thay van tdc
gid la yen td quan trgng nhat ciia cdng suat; cong
suat dau ra tang theo luy thira 3 van tdc He sd bidn
ddi nang Iugng C (k, p) ciia bieu thuc (1) theo (Tao
Sun 2004), dugc tinh nhu sau:
Cp(^;5) = 0.5176(—-0.4^-5)e'' +0.0068/1 (2)
Xgpt 7.6 10 12.5
Hinh 2: Mdi quan hi giira C vdi
Nhu ta da bidt ty sd tdc do dau canh tuabin gio
va tdc dd la:
Z Ro)
trong do CO tdc do quay ciia tuabin, R ban kinh cua tuabin, v van tdc ciia gio Mdmen ciia tuabin gid duCTc tinh nhu sau:
0.035
A, A + 0.08 /? 1 + /3^
Dudng cong bidu didn mdi quan he giira C '
A, nhu Hinh 2
(3) T^ = —TtpR^C G)
2 "2}
(4)
Mat khac, tuabin gio cd the van hanh theo cac quy tac didu khien khac nhau tiiy thudc vao toc do cua gio Dudng cong bieu didn mdi quan he giiJa
P va van tdc gio (v), nhu Hinh 3
Trang 3E l _
Theo Lei Yazhou, Mullane Alan, Lightbody
Gordon (et al 2006), phucmg trinh di?n dp tren
stator va rotor trong he tga dd dq dugc tinh nhu sau:
dt
Hinh 3 Moi quan lie giua P^ vd van tdc
2.2 Mo hinh may phat dien Dfig
Mo hinh may phat dien khdng dong bd ngudn
kep (Dfig) c6 hai loai he tga do dugc su dyng: He
tga do a^ gin cd dinh vdi stator va he tga do dq
cdn ggi la he tga do tua theo didn ap stator, dugc
lya chgn dd phat Uidn md hinh ciing nhu phat trien
cac thuat toan didu khidn cho may phat didn khdng
ddng bd ngudn kep
Rs ^Jjoj— Lj-^jLin L[5^_Li-Lm^
(Psd
RJ, du/^
" r = RrK+^T^"" J^rWr (6)
at
Trong do, co : la tdc do goc cua stator, co^: la tdc
do gdc m?ich dien rotor {fsi= m- co^), co^: la tdc dp
gdc ca ciia rotor Mat khac, tii thdng ciia stator va rotor d bidu thdc (5) vd (6) dugc tinh nhu sau:
¥s = h^s + 'V-^m 0)
vdi L^: la hd cam gifla hai cugn day stator v^
rotor va L , L : la cac dien cam ciia stator va rotor
Tu cac bidu thuc (5), (6), (7) va (8) da phan tich a
tren, ta vidt lai nhu sau:
Hmh 4: Md Mnh (DFIG) tren hi tpa dp dq
dt ciX L\ J <^A <*A 4 4
-r='',-yV,+^'r-mK (10)
dt L, L
_M^^+±„^ (9)
d,, di,
C T 1
-LX,
(11)
la he so tan toan phin Cac bieu thiic (9), (10) viet theo cac thanh phin d va q cho ddng didn va tu thdng
stator nhu sau:
e/^rf (ci + 1 a \ , X a
— T ^ ^ ^ H " : ; ; — ' " T ^ T F^^^-"-V*^ — « ? „ ) J 4 V<.^- A
a>,_ — ^ X.^ ^ + 1 a 1
J J
dt
^v^ A., - 1
z
rV,j + '>},Vf„+u,^
-u,a (12)
(13) (14) (15)
Trang 4Vcri:
1 - C T
EM
Mat khac, viec hidu chinh cong suit phdn khang cung co thd thyc hien hidu chinh he sd cong suat
Theo B.Chitti Babu, K.B.Mohanty (2010),
mdmen ciia may phat dien (DFIG) trong he tga do
dq tua theo didn dp stator (\|/^ = 0) dugc tinh nhu
sau:
2 ' L, (16)
vdi P^: sd ddi eye Cdng suit phan khang
VS
(18)
Tu cac bidu thuc (16), (17) va (18) ta thiy momen didn tu va cdng suit phang khang dugc didu chinh thdng qua ddng didn d rotor (i , i ), Hinh 5 la sa do he thdng dieu khidn ndi ludi sd dyng may phat dien khdng ddng bd ngudn kep (Dfig)
^ ^ d m e n C'I^MJ
Hinh 5: Sa dd Ap thong diiu khiin ndi lu&i cho tuabin gid su diing mdy phdt di$n Dfig
3.1 Xay dimg mo hinh tren Plecs khidn md hinh nay Dieu nay cho phep md hinh
Plecs la mgt toolbox Iam viec tuong thich vdi hoa gin vdi thyc td He thdng didu khien ndi ludi mdi tnrdng Simulink trong Matlab Toolbox nay cho tuabin gid su dung may phat dien Dfig dugc cung cip cho ngudi sii dung thu vien vd didn tu "lo phdng bdng phin mdm Matlab/simulink/PIecs, cdng suat va he Uuydn ddng rit phong phii, dl dang dya vao sa dd Hinh 5, da phan tich d tren Sa dd he
mo hinh vdt ly ddi tugng, sau do ap dung thuat thdng dieu khidn ndi ludi cho tuabin gio su dung toan da xay dung cho tuabin gid loai Dfig dd didu "i^y phat didn Dfig dugc xay dyng, nhu Hinh 6
Hinh 6: H^ thong diJu khien noi lu&i cito tuabin gid su dung mdy phdt dien Dfig ung dung phdn «
Trang 5E L
Hinh 11: Ddng diin ndi ludi labc (A)
Nhan xet: Thdi gian md phdng cua md hinh
[t = 0.2s], qua kdt qua md phdng su dung phan
mem Plecs, ta thay cac gia tri dong didn, didn ap va
cong suat tai thdi didm t = 0.03s dao dgng, nhung
khi t > 0.03s thi he thdng lam vide d Uang thai
6n dinh va liic nay thyc hien ddng bd ndi ludi
4 Ket luan
Lfng dyng phan mem Plecs md phdng he thdng
didu khien noi ludi cho tuabin gio sd' dung may
phat dien Dfig da phat huy doi da cdng suit phat
Hinh 12: Diin dp ndi lu&i Vabc (V)
ra ciia tuabin, d thdi diem t > 0.03s ddng bg noi ludi, he thdng ludn lam vide d Uang thai dn djnh
Su dyng cac bg bidn ddi dien tu cdng suat nhu AC/
DC, DC/AC va kdt hgp vdi mach lgc dd lo^i trii cac sdng hai bac cao, didu nay cd y nghTa het sue quan trgng trong viec cai thidn chit lugng diSn nang He thong didu khidn ndi ludi cho tuabin gid
su dung may phat didn Dfig nhdm hudng den vi?c phat trien ludi didn thdng minh va dieu khidn ndi ludi linh hoat cho cac ngudn nang lugng tai tao
Tai lidu tham khao
Ld, Danh Lidn 2008 Tiem ndng ndng lugng gid a Viet Nam vd khd ndng icng dung Trung tam
nghidn cuu nang lugng mdi, Trudng Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha Ngi
Kanalik, M., Lizak, F 2005 Possibilities of Distributed Generation Simulations Using by Matlab
51707-lC-L
Fadaeinedjad, R., Moschopoulost, G., Moallemt, M 2006 Simulation of a Wind Turbine with
Doubly-Fed Induction Machine Using E4ST and Simulink IEEE
Sun, Tao 2004 Power Quality of Grid-Connected Wind Turbines with DFIG and Their Interaction
with the Grid Institute of Energy Technology Aalborg University, Denmark May
Lei, Yazhou, Mullane, Alan, Lightbody, Gordon, et al 2006 Modeling of the Wind Turbine With a
Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Grid Integration Studies IEEE
Chitti Babu, B., Mohanty, K.B 2010 "Doubly-Fed Induction Generator for Variable Speed Wind
Energy Conversion Systems - Modeling & Simulation", International Journal of Computer and
Electrical Engineering, vol 2, No 1