Nghiên cứu và thiết kế hệ thống truyền động điện bằng khí nén sử dụng họ vi điều khiển

DAT V A N D E He thdng truyin ddng dien bing klii nen dugc sii dung rit rpng rSi tiong cdng nghiep, vi du trong linh vuc lap rap san phim, phan loai san phim, chi bien, dac bigt d nhii

NGHllN CUU VA THIET KE HE THONG TRUYEN DONG DIEN

BANG KHi NEN SUT DUNG HO VI DIEU K H I I N

RESEARCH AND DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS WITH PNEUMATIC

ACTUATOR USING MICROCONTROLLER FAMILY

Dinh Thi Hing

Khoa Dien - Dien tir, Trudng Dqi hgc Kinh te - Ky thudt Cong nghiep

Oen Toa so?n ngay 21/04/2014, chap nhan dang ngay 29/04/2014

Tom tat: B^i bao trinh bay nghien ciiu va thiit k i he thdng truyin ddng d\en b i n g khi nen si>

dung ho vi d i i u khiin AVR d i dieu khiin cho he thdng day chuyin ddng n i p chai bia

da du'oc mmh hpa va mo phdng bang phan mem Proteus, cho t h i y he thdng dap i^ng

v i dp chinh xac d i i u khiin cao, d i i u khiin linh hoat vdi sai sd nhd cho phep ddng thdi

md rong kha nang ucng dyng trong cac day chuyen cdng nghiep

TCr khda: He truyin dong dien khi nen, vi d i i u khiin AVR

Abstract: This paper presents the research and design of electrical systems with pneumatic actuator using their AVR microcontroller to control the chain's beer bottle caps have been illustrated and Proteus simulation software, for see the system meets the high precision controls, flexible control with small errors while alloiAiing the ability to extend applications in the industrial chain

Keywords: Pneumatic electric povuertrain, AVR microcontroller

1 DAT V A N D E

He thdng truyin ddng dien bing klii nen

dugc sii dung rit rpng rSi tiong cdng nghiep,

vi du trong linh vuc lap rap san phim, phan

loai san phim, chi bien, dac bigt d nhiing

linh vuc can phai dam bao ve sinh, chdng

chay nd hogc d mdi truong dpc hai

Mdt he thong huyin dpng dien bing khi nen

cin dap img dugc cac yeu cau sau: dieu

khiin link hoat vca do chinh xac cao vdi sai

sd cho phep, dam bao tinli klia thi, gia thanh

thap thi he truyin ddng dien bing khi nen

thuong kit hop vdi bo dieu khien nao dd

Noi dung trong bai bao trinh bay mpt giai

phap nang cao chit lugng dieu khien cho he

tiuyin dpng dien bing khi nen sii dung hp vi

diiu khiin A\^R Doi tugng bai bao chpn

nghien ciiu la "He thong day chuyen dong nap chai bia" nhu hinh 1

Hinh 1 He thong day chuyen dong nap chai bia

2 D O I T U ' O N G NGHIEN CLPU

He tiidng day chuyen dong nap chai bia la day chuyen ddng nap chai duoc dieu khiin bang he tniyen dpng dien bang khi nen sii

dung chip Ataiega 128 ciia hp vi diiu khien

AVR duoc thiit k i giao dien h-en phan m i m

md phdng Proteus

Cac cong nghe ciis he thong day chuyin

ddng nip chai bia bao gdm:

• Cdng doan ddng nip chai: Bang tai dua

cac chai da dung bia nay tdi vi tri cd the thuc

hien dugc qua trinh dap ddng nap chai, cam

biin xac dinh duoc vat sau do giii tin hieu tdi

bd vi xii ly se tac ddng toi xylanh tac dung

kep thuc hien qua trinh ddng nap Sau khi

chai da thuc luen xong qua trinh dong nap se

hip tuc duoc chuyen tdi cdng doan hep theo,

• Cdng doan phuc hdi xylanh: Khi xylanh

tac dung kep thuc hien xong qua trinh dong

nap chai, pitong tu dpng hdi ve vi tri ban

dau,

• San pham Chai dung bia dugc van

chuyin bang bang tai tdi vi tri cd the ddng

nap

3 THI^T K^ HE THONG TRUYEN DONG

DIEN BANG KHI NEN SCf DUNG HO VI

D i i u KHI^N

3.1 He thong truyin dong dien b^ng khi

Cau tnic mach dieu khien khi nen duoc md

ta nhu hinh 2

^ • > s - |

^«,^.,.|

ns"i

\ "£s™ 1

| - r » - |

Hinh 2 c l u true ciia mach d i l u khien khi nen

Trong dd:

• Phin bi dua tm hieu: nhan nhiing gia tn

cua dai luong vat ly nhu dai lugng vao, la

phan tli dau tien ciia mach diiu khiin vi du; van dao chieu, van ap suit

• Phin hi xii ly tin hieu: Xii ly tin hieu nhan vao theo mdt quy tac logic xac dinh, lam thay ddi trang thai cac phan tii diiu khien vi du nhu: van dao chieu, van tiit luu, van logic AND, van OR, ,

• Phan tli dieu khien: dieu khien ddng nang luong theo yeu cau, thay ddi trang thai ciia

CO cau chap haiih, vi du: van dao chieu ;

• Co cau chip hanh: thay ddi trang thai cila ddi tugng dieu khiin, la dai lugng ra cua mach diiu khiin, nhu xylanh, ddng co Tuy nhien, nhugc diem d he thdng di§u khiin khi nen don gian la cac thiet bi cdng kinh, phiic tap Vi vay se cd nhiiu han chi trong van de dieu khien he thdng hoat dpng hnh hoat Chinh vi vay cd su ra ddi cila he thdng dieu khien dien - khi nen

l-:-Ki» i ^

T

.se

Cic phin Id' «lu min

Tram ngutn

-e< diiu ntit phuc w

t * mij^i fc!

>-Hinh 3 He thdng dISu khien di^n - khi nen Viec sii dung he thdng dieu khiin dien - khi nen cd rat nhieu ling dung va cd nhiiu mi diem hon so voi he thdng dieu khiin bang khi nen don gian

Tuy nhien, de tdi uu them he thing ngudi ta

da ket hop sii dung vi dieu khien vao trong

he thdng Tin hieu vao bi mit bam, cam bien, cdng tac hanh trinh se duoc dua tdi vi dieu khien Vi dieu khiin se phan tich, xii ly cac tin hieu vao va xuat tin hieu ra dieu khien cac CO cau chap hanh Vi dieu khien la trung tam cua he thdng, vi vay viec lua chon vi dieu khien la rat quan trpng

3.2 Vi di€u k h i l n Voi ddi tuong nghien cuu la "He thdng day

14

chuyen ddng nap chai bia", bai bao chpn

chip ATMEGA 128 ho vi diiu khien AVR

do hang Atmel (Hoa K.y) san xuit duoc gdi

thieu lan dau nam 1996 nhu hinh 4

Hinh4 ChipAtmega128

ATmegaI28 v6i bd nhd SRAM 4 Kbytes,

EEPROM 4 Kbytes, cdng giao tiip I/O

phong phu voi 64 thanli ghi I/O, 160 thanh

ghi md rOng va 32 thanh ghi da muc dich

dugc tich hgp tren chip, ngoai ra cung cd

tich hgp ca bd LCD tren chip Ciu tnic tap

lenh don gian hda RISC (Reduced

Instruction Set Computer), tdc dp xii ly cd

thi len tdi 16 trieu lenh/giay bd nhd Flash

cho phep nap lai chuong trinh nliieu lan, dac

biet bp nhd EEPROM cd thi luu lai tiang

thai hoat ddng ngay ca khi he thdng bi mit

dien , cac modul chiic nang PWM 8bits, 16

bits cho phep diiu khiin cac thiet bi analog

nhu dpng CO, bd chuyen ddi Analog-digital

10 bits cho phep nhan va phan tich tin hieu

tuong tu tir cam bi§n, bd truyen thdng ndi

tiip USART, I2C, SPI cho phep kit ndi

nhiiu he thdng vdi nhau Mdt kiiu ciu tnic

dang t h i hien uu t h i trong cac bd xii li Dieu

khiin he truyen dpng khi nen sii dung chip

Atmega 128 chi la mdt iing dung nhd cua vi

dieu khiin

A\"R-3.3 D'ng dung cho h? truyln dong di?n

3.3.1 ciu true h$ thdng g6m 2 phkn

• Kit ciu CO khi

- He thdng bang tai,

- He thdng dap n i p chai sii dung xy lanh khi

nen,

- He thong cam biin

• Phan dieu khien:

- Chip ATMEGA 128 ho AVR diiu khiin day chuyen san xuat;

- Man hinh LCD hiin thi qua trinh lam viec;

- Ddng CO DC sevor keo bang tai,

- He thoi^ cam bien kit ndi true hep vdi vi xii ly di nhan tin hieu sau do xii ly tin hieu dieu khien cho ddng co chgy he thong bang tai va he thdng dap nap chai

3.3.2 Xay dmig giao di$n giao tiip gid-a he truyin dong khi nen voi vi diiu khiin

He thdng dieu khien cd nhiem vu nhan va phan tich cac tin hieu tir he thdng cam bien, sai do dua ra tin hieu dieu khien cac van khi nen cua 2 xy lanh theo chuong trinh da dmh san, hiin thi cac thdng tm ve he thdng len thiit bi hien thi nhu den bao, man hinh LCD

Khi kit ndi phan ciing thanh cdng va budc tiip theo la phan xay dung chuong trinh dieu khien cho vi dieu khien sii dung cdng cu don gian tren windows do la phan men lap trinh CodeVisionAVR

Budc 1: Khdi dpng phan mem codevision

AVR

Budc 2' Tao mdi mot du an, file > new

File Edit Seaich View Project Tools Settings Hdp

G & O ' H "B- I i d' @ ca 11 I mA

^ | 4 44 ^ | 4 ^ ^

°\ ''^ -a o ^ |i

B %, '^ 11 if^>ii^rsr^igi^mB!i

^^: Code Navigator V ? g T l ^ i g l [ ^ S

B J X CodeVisionAVR

0 1 NoPioiect [ 5 Create New File

> Proiect [ X Ca>cel~]

Hinh 5 Khai tao diFan

g- % % 11 nfeija^iyij^aBi'^jBjp 3

, 0 4 CodeVmonftVR

B - g i OlbBi Files

- n unnttcdi

File ^ogram

D & H t f i J ® i - ^ ^ ^ B ! _ : ? _

E.«einailRQ I TUP

IWiie I TWinaC] I AlphanLmaic L m

1=1 Ciyaai Oicjiator Dryiijei Enabled

Hinh 6 Khdi t^o cac phiptmg an cua duan

Budc 4: Luu lqi dudn da khdi tqo

Program >Generate, save and exit

«"-"rfflt! a-i-^soi-io ="- "-ISMS 9t\K ^fi<}^'B

'Ilia5 _

Mmh 7, Giao di^n lap trinh

Budc 5 Lap trinh cho chip Atmega 128

#mclude <megal 28 h>

#mclude <delay h>

misigned char sb;

#mclude <alcd h>

void main(void)

{

led imt(16);

lcd_gotoxy(0,0);lcdjutsf(" WELL COME

TO THE WORD ");

while (1)

{

}

if(PlNC.l==0)

lcd_cleai( ),lcd_gotoxy(0,0);ledjutsf(" DC Chay 75% ");PORTD-0x02,

lod_gotoxy(0,l);lcdjutsf(" Xi Lanh Di Vao ");sb=l;

}

Budc 6 Mo phdng

He thong duoc mo phdng tien may tinh bing phin mem proteus Khdi dong phan mim md phdng dien - dien tii Proteus

Hinh 8 Khd>i dong p h i n

Budc 7" Lay cac hnh kien c&n mo phdng tii

thu vien

S3^\Si^\<»

Pi Ll DEUICEt

I E I ' E ; : ! - * - • • • « ^ « » < » j v ^ - i J t '

^P.rtffcv,™

"•"*Vi-towa.T (

C««,o.v

ig;~ •

Hinh 9 Thir vi en linh kien

X a y d u n g s o do n g u y e n Iy md

Hinh 10 S c d o nguyen ly

16

Btcac 9: Nap chuong trinli di§u khi§n da vik Buac 11: Chuemg trmh sau khi duoc nap

6 Budc 5 (Lap trinh cho chip Atmega 128) thanh cong

:!!"yi

Hinh 11 N^p chipcng trinh lap trinh

cho chip ATMEGA 128

Budc 10: Chay md phdng

pJFr

Hinh 12 Khvi dpng he thdng

hinh 13 Hethdnghoanthanhquatrinhdapnut chai

4 K i T L U A N Bai bao da iing dung phan mem Proteus md phdng dugc he truyen ddng sii dung khi nen kit hgp vdi vi ffliu khiin AVR Atmega

128 Thay rang he thdng tinyen ddng dat do chinh xac cao, he thdng diiu khiin hnh hoat,

cd thi dap iing cdng ngh$ cao tiong cac day chuyen trong cdng nghiep

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

[I] Nguyin Ngoc Phuang (1999), "He thing &§u khien khi nen", Nxb Giao due

[2] Biii Qudc Khanh, Nguyen Van Lien, Nguyen Thi Hien (2009), "Truyen Ddng dien", Nxb Khoa hoc va Ky thuat

[3] Le Trung Thing (2009), "Vi diiu khiin AVR Atmega 128", Nxb Dai hpc Khoa hpc tu nhien TP H6 Chi Minh

Thdng Un hen M Dinh Thi Hang

Dien tiioai: 0983190683 - Email: dthang@uneti edu.vn

Khoa Dien - Dien tu, Tnrdng Dai hpc Kinh ti - Ky thuat Cong nghiep

S6 456 Minh Khai - Hai Ba Tnmg - thanh pho Ha Noi,