Một số dạng bài tập điền từ tiếng Anh: Phần 2

Cuốn sách Một số dạng bài tập điền từ tiếng Anh được dùng cho giáo viên, sinh viên, học sinh THPT ôn thi tú tài và đại học, luyện thi chứng chỉ quốc gia A, B. Sách được chia thành 2 phần, mời các bạn cùng tham khảo nội dung phần 2 cuốn sách.

In most parts of the United States, Friday night is the bigsupermarket night, probably (1) _ Friday is pay day inmany factories and busenesses (2) _ housewives(3) do their weekend shopping (4) _(5) Friday (6) _ Saturday, althoughsupermarkets in many sections are now open on Sunday as well.

In (7) _ all supermarkets there are shopping cartswith a special space to set the baby In the early days, beforethere were carts it was noticed that as (8) _ as thewoman shopper had her arms ftill of goods she stopped buying Thus, carts were introduced Later a space for the baby wasprovided in the (9) _ because while the baby wassitting comfortably in the cart the mother didn’t have to hurry through the store and consequently (10) _ more

Statistics show (11) _ the average Americanhousewife (12) to the supermarket twice a week Onthe (13) she spends from on how to two hours thereeach week Psychologists say that women don’t go to the(14) _just to buy the food Visiting the supermarket isthe housewife’s chance to get (15) from home for awhile

TEST 19

Delaware (1) _ considered the first (2)

of the United States because it was the (3) _ to accept118

the constitution in December, 1787 It is a (4) smallstate, second only to Rhode Island Another important fact about Delaware is that nylon, that light-weight, yet strong fiber of thetwentieth century, was (5) there In colonial days,Delaware was (6) of the “bread basket” area,growing wheat, com, and other grains (7) _ nationalconsumption.

(8) 1638, a group of Swedish settlers set(9) a colony (10) the Delaware riverand lived (11) _ peacefully (12) 1655when (13) _ Dutch, who disliked the Swedes, settledthere Later, it was taken (14) by the English.(15) _ finally became independent in 1776

TEST 20

Later, an officer telephoned (1) _ additionaldetails He said the pair’s methods (2) _ they might bethe same men who had (3) a number of robberies isthe area (4) _ the past few months He asked me tocome the (5) _ and look through mug shots

So, last Monday I looked through album-sized books of(6) _ mostly of young men-an (7) number

of them actually children

(8) _ those pages and studying their photographs islike flowing on a sad (9) _ that, like Blake’s Thames,seems to “mark in every human face, marks of (10)

, marks of woe”.

Together, these young men are kind of river-one that is out of

(11) _ , eating at the foundations of things we hold

dear: our (12) to move about; the fruits of labor; our

own lives and those of people we (13) _ , Some day,

we will have to face this river and (14) _ the depths of

its discontent

TEST 21

The bride and groom had walked to the back of the church

and stood at the door as their guests (1) _ past From

colleagues and old schoolmates came (2) _ good

wishes (3) _ in fnendly jokes Some relatives,

however, were not pleased One sat in a car, crying,

(4 ) _ stood surrounded by sympathizers offering

(5 ) Both these women - mothers of the bride and

groom - would have insisted they wanted only the best

(6 ) their children but they (7) “the best”

as staying home to help support the family

The last person to approach the (8) was a short,

elderly woman who smiled as she (9) them - not by

name but as “wife” and “husband”

Then quickly, for such a short, portly, elderly person, she

(1 0)

Soon they (11) _ , in a borrowed car With money

loaned by the groom’s brother, they could (12) _ a

honeymoon at a state-park lodge Sitting before a great oak fire,

120

they (13) the events of the day, especially thestrange message (14) by Aunt Esther Gubbins.

TEST 22

Be honest and open about who you really are People wholack genuine core values rely on (1) _ factors - theirlooks or status - in order to feel good about (2) _ Inevitably they will do everything they can to (3) _this false mask, but they will do very little to (4) their inner value and personal (5) _

So be yourself Don’t (6) _ in a personal cover-up

of areas that are (7) in your life “Tough times neverlast but tough people do,’ as Robert Schuller says In otherwords, (8) reality and be mature in your(9) _ to life’s challengers

Self-respect and a clear (10) _ are powerfulcomponents of integrity and are the basis for (11) _your relationships with others (12) _ means you dowhat you do because it’s right and not just (13) _ orpolitically correct A life of principle, of not yielding to thetempting (14) of an easy morality, will always winthe day It will take you (15) _ into the twenty-firstcentury without having to check your tracks in a rear-view mirror My grandparents taught me that

When I at last (1) _ the town, I left (2)

tired to go in (3) _ of a room at once so I went into

the (4) _ restaurant to where I had parked my car and

sat down (5) _ a table A waitress was clearing

(6) the (7) of a meal which must have

(8) _ eaten by at (9) forty people She

gave me a menu which I examined for a minute and I then

(10) _ from her fried chicken and salad and a glass of

wine The waitress (11) _ the wine at once but I had

to wait a long time (12) _ the (13) of the

meal When it came, there was so much on the plate

(14) _ it must have (15) a whole bird I

(16) _ a little first and it was (17) _

delicious that I ate all of it I was now neither hungry

(18) _ thirsty and as a (19) _ of fact, I was

no (20) _ tired out

TEST 24

The second biggest Olympic (1) _ is swimming

although there was no swimming in the ancient Olympics The

first 50-(2) _ pool was used in 1924 ard the first pool

inside was used in 1948 now the pools are always veiy modem,

and the race can be timed (3) _ 0.00! seconds The

USA’s Mark Spitz is the most successful Olympic

(4) of all time In Munich in 1972, he

122

(5) _ seven gold medals - a record number in oneGames Together with swimming is (6) _ polo, which

is hard, fast and exciting And (7) _ is diving, which

is very beautiful to (8) _ One of the events is from 10meters (9) _ the pool, the same (10) _diving from top of a house

TEST 25

The 22"'* Southeast Asian Games were (1) in

Hanoi, Vietnam from 5 December - 13 December 2003 The games were opened by Vietnamese prime minister Phan VanKhai in the newly constructed My Dinh National (2)

in Hanoi The games (3 ) was lit by Nguyen ThuyHien of Wushu It was the firtst time in SEAG history that thegame venues were assigned into two (4) _ namelyHanoi and Ho Chi Minh city

(5) the Vietnamese Government and people’sefforts and international support, the 22"^* SEA Games hadbecome a (6) that impressed people with the (7)

of “solidarity, cooperation for peace and development” The 22"^' SEA Games is not only a song of honesty and nobility(8) _ competition and organizing competition but also asign of a bright future for the development of regional (9) The organizing committee presented 444 golds, 441 silvers and

555 bronzes to winners at the Games where 26 (10) _were broken

Where are you going for your next holiday? (1) _people go on holiday fairly regularly, and maybe some of themhave a good time But holidays aren’t (2) _ pleasant

an experience (3) _ the advertisers would like us tobelieve In fact, a holiday is probably the (4) _stressfiil thing you’ll experience this year Besides the bother of choosing and organizing it, there’s the worry about whether itwill be worth it (5) _ more money you spend,

(6) _ more you’ll feel bound to pretend that you’re

enjoying yourself Anyone who has been on a holiday flight will

know that airports are getting more (7) _ more

crowed, and that long delays are common Holidays may be a good thing, but you can be sure that staying at home is even(8) _ for you It’s certainly (9) dangerous.You’ll be mud safer at home (10) _ wanderingaround a strange place with a pocket full of moiey under the eyes of the local criminals Accidents and disasters are much(11) likely to happen on holiday If you want peaceand quiet, you don’t need to go any (12) _ than yourown balcony or back garden Have a nice time!

TEST 27

(1) in 1992 by Prof Fred Hollow: im Australia,the Fred Hollows Foundation has helped almcst 1,000,000people worldwidL; (2) _ of cataract blindie:ss, a major124

(3) _ problem for the poor and the rural population.The organization has also cooperated (4) _ localblindness prevention agencies in more than 29 countries such asViet Nam, Thailand, China, and India to (5) _ andprevent avoidable blindness with new technologies.

Viet Nam became the Fred Hollows Foundation’s thirdintemational project (6) _ Eritrea and Nepal.(7) _ to official statistics, more than 60, 000 cataractblindness operations are (8) _ each year in Viet Nam.Many local surgeons have been trained in order to(9) _ the new techniques nationwide, and help reducethe number of people (10) _ from cataract blindness

TEST 28

Computers are helpful in many ways First, they are fast.They c£in work with information (1) _ more quicklythan a person (2) _ , computers can work with a lot ofinformation, at (3) _ same time Third, they can keepinformation (4) _ a long time They do not forgetthings the common people do Also, computers are(5 ) _ always correct They are not perfect,(6 ) _ course, but they usually do not make mistakes.These days, it is important to know about computers Thereare a number of (7) to leam Some companies haveclasses (8) _ work Also, most universities offer dayand night courses in computer science Another way to(9) is from a book, or from a fnend After a

125

destructive powers (2) _ late Nobel preferred not to(3) remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so inawarding (5) _ to people who had made worthwhilecontributions (6) _ mankind Originally there were(7) awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicineand peace Economics was (8) _ in 1968, just sixl;^-

seven years after the first awards ceremony

Nobel’s original legacy of nine millions (9) _ wasinvested, and the interest of this sum is used for the awardswhich vary (10) 30,000 dollars to 125,000 dollars.Every year on December 10, the (11) _ of Nobel’sdeath, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma and money)are presented to the (12) Sometimes politics plays

an important (13) in the judges’s decisions.Americans have (14) _ numerous science awards, butrelatively few literature prizes

No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II Some people have vom two prizes, but this is rare; other have (15) their priizes

TEST 32

In a modem dairy, the milking of cows is oairried out by(1 ) _ Cows are usually milbd twice a(2 ) by a milking machine The warn nniik from thecows is (3) in a large vat where it is cooled Themilk is then taken to another part of the dairy for woocessing.Fresh milk is converted to pasteurized milk and128

(4 ) in the processing section of the dairy A number

of machines are used to process the milk Three of the most

(5 ) _ machines used to process milk are the separator,

the pasteurizer and the homogenizer

The separator (6) _ the cream fi-om the milk Milk

without cream is known as skimmed milk Skimmed milk is

drunk by people who want to (7) _ the fat content in

their diet The pasteurizer serves to heat the milk to a certain

contain It is not safe to drink milk that has not been pasteurized

Cream and milk are blended in the homogenizer to produce

full-cream milk The milk is then cooled and (10) The

bottles are stored in a cool place before they are delivered to

shops and homes

TEST 33

My town, Santo Tomas is about 180 kilometers north of

Manila When I was a (1) _ , we used to say how

(2) in minutes or hours to a place, but life is

changing If you (3) _ along the main road going

north you pass endless miles of rice (4) _ before you

enter Santo Tomas The first thing you (5) of the

town is the cemetery (6) _ my ancestors are

(7) It’s on the left next to a church The next place

of (8) _ as you go towards the town centre is Santo

Tomas High School (9) _ comes the junction at the

Mola road, and on the left comer is Pinipig Transport where you

129

can (10) _ a bus The junction (11) theBevely road is on the right (12) _ , >LDT on thecomer If you go over the river bridge and (\?) _again you’re out to the open country But this time you’re(14 ) _ up between two steep mourtains to the(15 ) _ province.

TEST 34

After school many British students go to uni/ersity They(1 ) _ to several universities tkcugh UCAS(Universities and Colleges Admission Service) and receive(2 ) _of a place on condition that they achieve certain(3 ) _in their A levels

A first (4) _ , which is usually an lo.iours degree,generally takes three years Most courses end which(5) _ called finals Results are givei as classes (=grades): a first is the highest class, seconds are often split between upper second and lower second, and below that is athird (6)_may add the letters BA (Bichelor of Arts)

or BS (Bachelor of Science) after their name, sone graduates go

on to study for a (7) _ degree, often a master’s degree

or a (8) _

Students in Britain formerly had their tuiton (9) paid by the state and recived a goverment (10» tohelp pay their living expenses Now they receve only a loantowards their expenses, and have to (11) _ $1000 a yeartowards tuitions The new arrangements have caused a great130

deal of concern both among students and among members of the public who believe that education should be (12)

TEST 35

In most parts of the world, environmental (1) _does not exist The (2) _ majority of nations concern(3 ) _ with economic development, regardless of its(4 ) _ on the global ecology But in recent years, asenvironment, regardless of its (4) _ on the globalecology But in recent years, as envirorunental (5) _has increased, signs of change have sprung up in (6) _pockets around the world The (7) _ are few example

of countries undertaking new environmental initiatives

Canada has taken some measures to protect the(8)i of some fish species while Costa Rica andBrazil tries to (9) _ the ecological diversity of its(10) _ rain forests The nations of Eastern Europemade (11) _ to improve the region’s power plants.Ghana is solving the problems of (12) use ofexisting farmland And Indonesia has succeeded(13) _ increasing use of birth control to providecntough food, (14) _ and employment

(15) _ its people

The U.S is (1) _ a telephone country.(2) everyone uses the telephone to conductbusiness, to chat with fnends, to make or (3) _socialappointment, to say “Thank you,” to shop and to obtain all kind

of information Telephones save the feet and endless amounts oftime This is due partly (4) _ the fact (5)

telephone service is superb here, (6) _ the postal service is (7) _ efficient.

Some new (8) will come from culture(9) it is considered impolite to work too quickly.Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems intheir eyes as if the task (10) _ considered wereinsignificant, not (11) of proper respect.Assignments are, consequently, felt to be given (12) _weight by the passage of time In the U.S., however, it is taken(13) a sign of skillfiilness or being competent tosolve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, (14) _speed Usually, the more important a task is, the(15) _ capital, energy, and attention will be pouredinto it in order to “get it moving.’

more than (4) _ a corporation, a government agency,

or whatever

Most of us finally have the (5) that quality of life

is not entirely (6) _ by a balance sheet Sure,everyone wants to be (7) _ comfortable, but we alsowant to feel we have a ( 8 ) _ on the world(9) the confines of our occupation; we want to beable to render service to our fellow man and to our God

If it is a fact that the (10) _ of life does not dawnuntil middle age, is it then not the (11) _ ofeducational institutions to (12) the way for therevelation? Most people, in their (13) _ , recent theSocial Security deductions from their (1 4 ) , yet aseemingly few short years later find (1 5 ) _standinganxiously by the mailbox

The best-known parks are, of course, the central(3 ) _where one can get the impression of being deep

in the country (4) _ the central parks of London arenecessarily the most popular Every district of London has

133

(5) parks, great or small Here, in fine weather, can

be seen hundreds of lucky people who have escaped for a while(6 ) _ the noise and bustle of the city; some sitting onchairs, some lying full length (7) _ the ground, somestrolling aimlessly around Almost every kind of tree and plant(8) carefiilly tended in large green houses or in theopen (9)

Even for a Londoner it is difficult to know and enjoy all

London’s parks The visitor to the (10) _ may beconfident that wherever he is, he is not far away from a park which waits to offer him the same pleasures and relaxations that

it does to Londoners ^

TEST 39

The state of California in the United States is famous for its traffic problems We’ve all seen television picture of LosAngeles during evening rush hour Too (1) _ carswant to use the roads and motorways at the same time Scientists, who have been trying to solve these problems(2) several years now, have suggested varioussolutions, such as two-storey motorways Not surprisingly,people rejected this idea (3) _ of the damage it wouldcause to the environment

Now the scientists have (4) _ of another solution:they w'ant cars on motorways to be controlled by computersinstead (5) _ human beings If their plan goes ahead,cars (6) _ travel on special lanes at 100 kilometres an134

hour, just one metre from each other Because the cars are under

the control of a computer, drivers will be able to take (7) _

hands off the steering wheel and sit back to read the newspaper

They won’t even need to look (8) _ they are going.

The cars will travel along the motorways in groups of twenty

and (9) _ will be a gap of 100 metres between these

groups It might sound dangerous, (10) apparently,

if there is a crash or if the computer fails, it will actually be safer

the cars to be close together

TEST 40

There is really no such thing as “London is such a huge

(1) “, and so many people live there that the life of

the city is made (2) _ of many different elements

There are small village communities, working (3) _

communities, “trendy’ areas such as Chelsea and Fulham, quiet

residential districts-all (4) of ways of live are

encompassed by the great metropolis Let’s start (5) _

life in the city Just (6) _ half a million people

commute into the city of London each (7) to work

in this great financial centre This is famous “rush

(8) _.”

On the 07.25 train from Warlinghani or Bromley, or perhaps

(9 )_Brighton on the south coast is the familiar sight

(10 ) _ the “citygent” on his (11) to work,regular as clockwork Dressed in bowler hat, white-collar shirt

and dark, sometimes pinstriped suit, he silently (11) _the pink Financial Time, occasionally nodding (1!) _some regular fellow traveller Some older members of bowler-hat brigade even (14) _ on their speciai seats, on thetrain, perhaps occupied (15) _ twenty fi^ years.

TEST 41

Health is something we tend to ignore when we 'iave it when

our body is rather well, we are hardly even (1) _of it.

but illness can come, even (2) _ we are yjung In fact,childhood has been a very vulnerable ime Many(3 ) _ attacked children in particular and people knewvery little about how to prevent such illness or how to(4 ) _ them once they struck The result vas that manychildren died About a century ago, however, sciintists foundout about germs, and then everything (5) _ The cause

of many diseases was known, and cures were devebped As thismedical knowledge spread, the world became (6] _safer for children The result is that whereas a hufldied years ago the average man lived for 35 years Nowadays, in many(7 ) _ of the world, people can expect to(8 ) _ for years And what do we except by the year2005? Undoubtedly, (9) _ science w.ll continue to

advance Some people will be able to (10) _ _ medical

problems that are unavoidable today

British parents are always complaining that their children spend too much time gluing to the telly not enough time onother activities (1) _ sports and reading A surveyrecently carried out on people’s viewing habits (2) _not disapprove it it shows that young people in Britain spend

on average 23 hours a week in front of the television,(3) _ works out at over three hours every day

(4) is surprising, however, is the fact that theaverage adults watch (5) _ more: an incredible 28hours a week We seem to have become a nation of addicts Just about every household in the coimtry has a television and overhalf have two or more (6) _ to the survey, peoplenowadays don’t only watch television sitting in their living rooms, they watch it is the kitchen and in bed as (7) The Education Minister said a (8) _ weeks ago thatBritain’s , apils should spend more time reading Unfortunately, parents are not setting a good example: adults do(9 ) _ reading than young In fact, reading is at thebottom of their list of favourite pastimes They would(10 ) _listen to the radio, go to the cinema or hire avideo to watch on their television at home

TEST 43

Let us suppose that you are in the position of a parent Would you allow your children to read any books they wanted to

137

without first checking its contents? Woud you take(1) _ to see any film without first readiig out whether

it is suitable for them? If the (2) _ to hese questions

is ‘yes’, then you are either extremely permssive, or justirresponsible If your answer is (3) _ then you areexercising your right as a parent to protect /our children(4) _ what you consider to be undesira»le influences

In other (5) _ , by acting as a censor ycirself, you areadmitting that there is a strong case for censorship

Children need protection and it is the parents’responsibility

to provide it but what about adults? Aren’t they )ld enough todecide (6) _ is good for them? The nswer is thatmany adults are, but (7) make tb mistake ofthinking that all adults are like yourself Censorhip is for the good of society as a whole Highly civilized peotle might find(8) _ possible to live together withou laws of anykind: they would just reply on good sense to (') _their problem But imagine what chaos there wuld be if welived in a society (10) laws! Lke the law,censorship contributes to the common good

TEST 44

From a close study of history you would nver gain the

impression that human behaviour is dictated b) intelligence,

(1 ) _ less by responsible morality An <bserver fi"om(2 ) _ planet, devoid (3) _ i n l e t s himselfand unaware of the way in (4) _ nstincts, the138

aggressive instinct in (5) _ , operate among us, would

be at a complete (6)_ to explain history at

(7) The phenomena of history do (8) have reasonable causes It is a mere commonplace(9) say that they are caused by (10) _common parlance so aptly (11) _ “human nature’.Unreasoning and unreasonable human nature (12) _two nations compete, even though (13) _ economicnecessity compels them to (14) _ so It induces twopolitical parties with amazingly similar programmes(15) _ salvation, to fight (16) _ otherbitterly It impels an Alexander (17) a Napoleon tosacrifice (18) _ of lives (19) an attempt toimpose unity (20) _ the world he knows

to achieve For example, do not (9) _ to study five

139

chapters of Geography in one sitting (10) _ you knowthat you take more than an hour to read one chapter Furthermore, remember not to push yourself too(11) When you have studied for a (12) _

of time, reward (13) _ by talking a short break Youcould perhaps take a short walk or listen to some music for a(14) .

If you begin to (15) _ sleepy when studying, donot force yourself to go on as you may (16) _ yourpower of concentration Instead, you may want to(17) a short nap to refresh yourself Studying mayalso be strenuous (18) _ the eyes When you study, itmay be a good idea to (19) _ your eyes away fromyour books occasionally Looking at objects at a distance or at greenery can help (20) _ tired help

TEST 46

Dicky was bom in Shoreditch, London, in 1890 His familywere poor and Dicky (1) _ had enough to eat.(2) _ many other boys in this area, he became askilful thief He took the things he (3) _ to a Mr.Welch, who bought them and then re-sold them Dicky brought

something to Mr Welch nearly (4) _ day and

(5 ) _ the money he received to his mother

In Shoreditch there was a priest, Father Sturt, who did(6 ) _ best to help poor people When Dicky(7 ) _ thirteen Father Sturt had a long talk with him140

and persuaded him to lead an honest life He (8) him a job with Mr Grinder, a local shopkeeper, and Dickybegan to serve (9) , deliver goods and collectmoney Dicky was (10) happier leading an honestlife and dreamed of the day when he would have his(11) shop His mother was also pleased about hisnew job.

(12) person, however, was not happy, and thatwas , Mr Welch He was sorry to lose the business Dicky(13) brought (14) He went to see Mr.Grinder and told him (15) _ Dicky’s dishonest pastand said, quite untruthfully that Dicky intended to(16) _ him Mr Grinder believed the (17) and told Dicky never to come near the shop again In this wayDicky lost hid chance of an honest life and (18) to alife of (19) _ .A year later he was arrested(20) _ theft and sent to prison

TEST 47

Bob Geldof was bom in 1953 in Dublin, where he went toschool (1) _ he was an intelligent student, he leftschool with few qualifications He had (2) variety

of jobs in England, Spain and Canada (3) eventuallybecoming a successftil pop star

However,, he is now best known for the work he had done(4) help starving people in Ethiopia Like manyother people he (5) _ shocked by television

141

(6) of people dying of hunger there in 1984 Hetherefore decided that he (7) persuade famou: British pop(8) _ to make a record together, and (*) the profits from (10) _to send money aid food Therecord, called ‘Do They Know It’s Christmas? was a greatsuccess and (11) _ a lot of mmey, all of(12) _ was used in Ethiopia.

It soon became clear that much (13) _ money wasstill needed, and so in 1985 Geldof organised twoiiuge concerts

on the same day, one in England and the (14) _ in theUnited States Many of the world’s best known po stars playedand sang, all of them performing without (15) _ paid.The concerts were (16) _ on television tiroughout theworld, and it has (17) estimated that narly a billionpeople saw some (18) _ all of the bradcast Whilethey were (19) _ the live performance <n TV, peoplewere asked to send money and many (20) _ so InBritain alone, over forty million pounds was given

TEST 48

The great ship Titanic, sailed (1) _ New York(2 ) _ Southampton on April lO'*’, 1S12 She was(3 ) _ 1,316 passengers and a crew of 591 Even bymodem standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship

At that time, (4) _ , she was not (5) _ thelargest ship that had ever been built, but vas regarded(6) _ unsinkable, for these were floodd, she would142

still be (7) _ to float The tragic sinking of this greatliner will always be remembered for she went down(8) _ her first voyage with heavy loss of life.

Four days after setting (9) _ , while the Titanic wassailing (10) _ the icy waters of the North Atlantic, ahuge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look-out After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid adirect collision The Titanic turned (11) _ in time,narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside ner Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went(12 ) _ to see what had happened The noise had been

so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged Below, the captain realized to his horror that Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen water-tight compartments had(13 ) _ been flooded! The ui'der to abandon ship wasgiven and hundreds of people plunged (14) _ the icywater As there were not enough (15) _ foreverybody, 1,500 lives were lost

TEST 49

Watching TV and going for a walk (1) _ the mostpopular leisure activities in (2) _ But although longerholidays and shorter(3) _ hours have given peoplemore free (4) _ women generally have less free time(5) _ men, because ihey spend time (6) domestic work, shopping and cliildcare

(7) showed that more men (8)

newspapers than women, and (9) _ slightly higherproportion of adults read (10) _ newspapers than readdaily morning national (11) _

More people are taking holidays abroad (12) _

1971 only 36 per cent of (13) _ in Britain had beenabroad on (14) _ but, by 1983 this proportion had(15) _ to 62 per cent, nearly fifteen million people

TEST 50

Australia is a big country, but nearly all (1) _ livenear the sea On hot summer days you can see thousands of people at the beach Many beaches have waves that are very(2) _ These large waves are known as surf and thepeople who ride them are called surfers Surfing is a skill andneeds learning Don’t (3) _ to be able to surf properlythe (4) _ time you try However, by practising a fewtimes you will leam (5) _ to do it

Surfing is (6) _a new sport Perhaps its originsneed explaining It started hundreds (7) _ years ago inHawanii Men swam (8) _ to sea to catch fish andfound they could come back to land very quickly by riding thewaves These first surfers did not (9) _ a board They(10) _ “body surfers’ Many people (11)

do this type of surfing today

After a while people started to use boards and role the waves

by lying, kneeling or standing (12) them These first144

surfboards were made (13) _ wood and the watermade them rot af^er a (14) _ Today surfboards are(15) _of plastic or fiberglass instead.

TEST 51

A priest who (1) _ walking through a small townsaw a blackboard outside the front door of a school It had(2) _ washed and put (3) to dry in theopen (4) _

(5) _ was a piece of chalk (6) the foot

of the (7) _ , so the priest (8) it and wrote

in large letters, “I’n a priest and I pray for you all.”

A lawyer happened to pass next and when he saw(9) _ the priest had (10)_, he added under

it, “I’m a (11) and I defend you all.’

Then a doctor tame by, took the piece of chalk and wrote(12) _ the llackboard, “I’m a doctor and I cure you all.”Finally an ordirary citizen stopped looked (13) _what the others lad written thought for a (14) _seconds and (15) _added “I’m an ordinary citizenand I pay for you a\.”

TEST 52

My mother and my father are very (1) _ Mum isalways very (2 )_ _ , not exactly (3) _ ,because she does ttke everything seriously sometimes, but she

145

doesn’t get excited When we were small she almost never(4 ) _ at us When we did something wrong, she(5 ) _ to us about it very firmly, but in a calm tone ofvoice If we shouted and (6) _ , she made us go andsit by (7) in her sewing room until we calmed down.

So when the news came, she acted in her (8) _ way,quietly seeing what she could do to prepare for the(9 ) _ that were coming

Dad, on the other hand, shouted, kicked a chair, and(10 ) _for a long walk to try and cool off During thenext few days he was (11) _ with us a lot of time,which (12) _ us, as nothing was our fault All of uskids were (13) _ about what was going to happen, and

a bit afi-aid, but we didn’t talk to our parents much Most of all

we were (14) _ about having to (15) all

of our school fiiends

TEST 53

A recent experiments has shown that the British postal service is less efficient (1) _ it was 150 years(2 ) A national newspaper sent a letter to Eristol(3 ) _ is in the south-west of England They posted theletter in London (4) _ Tuesday the 4*^ April, using afirst class stamp, (5) _ means that it should arrive the(6 )_day On the same day, they hired a horse andcarriage, and (7) _ another letter to the driver.(8) _ they sat back to see what would happen

146

(9) letter which was taken by horse and carriagearrived after three days It was impossible for the horse to(10 ) _Eristol in a single day, so both the horse and driverstayed overnight in a hotel - not in the same room, we hoped!

(11) the letter which went by Royal Mail didn’tarrive until six days later Naturally, the Post Office was veryembarrassed, and (12) _ that the vast majority of firstclass letters would arrive the next day; this one was(13) an unfortunate mistake, but so (14) people have had the same experience with the post that youbegin to wonder if we (15) be better off transportingall the post by horse again

TEST 54

ENGLISH UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES

All English universities (1) _ Oxford and

Cambridge are fairly new London university is the(2 ) of modem English Universities and(3 ) of a great variety of colleges and (4) institutions (5) _ medical schools

A university usually (6) _ faculties anddepartments The (7) _ common faculties aremedicine, law, arts, (8) _ science The departments(9) engineering, economics, etc (10) _talking examinations a university graduate is awarded(11 ) _ the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science,Engineering, etc

(12) _ faculty is headed (13) _one or(14) _ professors, who are helped ly a staff ofteachers called (15) _

TEST 55

After we had been marching for two weeks geting soaked bydaily rains and living entirely on the (1) _we carriedwith us, we found footprints Two people were (2)

of us and travelling fast We followed (3) _ Eachmorning, when we (4) _ off again ifter a night’s(5 ) _, we found their tracks in the fonst nearby and(6 ) _they had been watching us the (7) evening One night we (8)_gifts in the forest but

they (9) _ not touched We called out greetings(10) _ the language of the river people ?ut we did notknow (11) _ this unknovra tribe vere able tounderstand it In any case (12) _ was no reply Wecontinued day (13) _ day until eventudly we lost allsign of their movements After three weeks ve had almost(14) _ up hope (15) miking contact.Then early one morning, we (16) uj to find sevenmen standing within a (17) _ yards of our tent Theywere very small and wore nothing (18) _a wide belt

of green leaves (19) _ around their wast Two of themen had earrings and necklaces made of bone? and carried a woven (20) _ fiill of roots and fhiit

up to 80 minutes’ conversation Mobiles are fitted permanently

in a vehicle, so do not (8) on separate batteries Theyrequire an external aerial on the vehicle This can mean astronger signal v^th clearer (9 ) _ Transportables have ahigh power capability and can be used (10) _ anywhere.They come vsdth a powerftil battery pack for longer, continuous( I I ) _ and may also be put into a vehicle, using itselectrics They (12) to be bulkier than hand portables

TEST 57

INTELLIGENCE

Are some people bom clever and others bom (1) ?

Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our

149

experience? Strangely enough, the answer t> both these(2) _ is “Yes” To some extent, our ntelligence isgiven at birth, and no amount of special education can make agenius our of a (3) _ bom with low iiteEligence Onthe other hand, a child (4) _ lives un a boringsurrounding will develop his intelligence less thai tthe one who lives in rich and varied surrounding Thus the limits of aperson’s intelligence are fixed at birth but (5) _ or not

he reaches those limits will (6) _ on hi; environment.This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways It is easy to show that intelligence is something

we are bom with (7) we take two uirelated people

at random from the population It is likely that (8) _degrees of intelligence will be completely diffejent If, on the other hand, we take children - identical twins, they will verylikely be (9) _ intelligent as other This clearlysuggests that intelligence depends on (10) _

TEST 58

OXFORD UNIVERSITYOxford is a beautiful (1) _ on the River Thamesabout fifty-five miles (2) _ London (3)

of the colleges are built (4) grey stone: they have

(5) _ there for many centuries There has been auniversity in Oxford (6) _ the thirteenth century Itbegan when some teachers, each with a few (7) _ ,decided to live and work (8) _ in the same house.150

Other colleges followed, and little (9) _ little the greatuniversity we know today grew up The oldest college, Merton, began in 1264; the newest college opened its doors for the firsttime only a few years (10) So the university is stillgrowing.

TEST 59

Man probably could not live without the help of animals The(1) _ of animals in the balance of natvire ranks as theirmost important service to man

Animals also serve man by (2) _ him with manyfoods and other useful products Without animals, man(3) have no meat, milk, eggs, or honey, or wool, ftir,

or silk

For thousands of years, man has caused changes in the animals kingdom He has tamed many kinds of animals andused (4) for food and clothing He has killed ordriven away animals that once attacked him or interfered withhis use of land Today, he tries to (5) _ many kinds ofanimals that are in danger of dying

Like man, nost plants depend (6) _ animals formany of ther basic needs Without animals, many(7 ) _ :ould not easily reproduce For example, manyplants with flowers depend on bees and other insects to(8) ^ _ heir pollen from plant to plant Many oak treesgrow from acoms that squirrels bury and then forget, or(9) icoms that deer step on and push deep into the

151

soil Birds often fly one place to another with seds slinging to(10) _ feet.

TEST 60

TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

Since about the end of World War Two, tchnology has advanced rapidly These advances in agriculture, transportationand industry have (1) _ our vay of life.Unfortunately, these advances have also (2) _ ourenvironment

The most (3) _ example of a usefial technologicaladvance is, of course, the car Cars have change( the way live and added to our convenience and comfot They do,(4) _ , pollute the atmosphere Measues are finallybeing taken to (5) _ the pollutants prodiced by a car.Now lead is being (6) _ fi’om gasoline and catalyticconverters are (7) _ in modem cas to removepollutants produced by the engines

Another example of a common produci of modemtechnology that (8) _ to environment^ pollution isplastics Plastics cause pollution when they are manufactured because a great deal of electricity is needed in thdr production.They are also a problem to (9) _ becaus: they will notbiodegrade and they cannot be (10) _ inthe soil

Our century has seen great changes in the life and(1) _ conditions of people.

Less than a hundred years ago, many of the things we do nowseemed (2) No-one could imagine that people(3) _ fly, or that we could (4) to musicthousands of miles away Today, radio and television serve many purposes besides pleasure They help us find fish in thesea and land airplanes in bad (5) _ or at night

They control the work of large numbers (6) _machines in industry Never before in history have(7) _ been such rapid changes in our way of life as atthe present moment Scientists have been using what is called ‘a scientific method’ to make new discoveries Among the most important scientific discoveries are new medicines Many illnesses that people died (8) _ 50 years ago are no(9 ) dangerous

The study of science helps us widen our outlook and opens a whole new world for us

The progress of science is leading to a better and better(10 ) _ for man

TEST 62

Between 1820 £ind 1860 the United States underwent threesignificant changes: waves (1) _immigrants floodedthe port cities; the Angle Saxon population greatly

153

(2) _ , and cities grew (3) _ ^ _ a rapid

(4) Proud defenders of the old republic felt that

those changes, taken (5) _ a whole, constituted a

threat to American society The massive immigraiion was larger

and more rapid (6) _ that of the past No legal

restrictions inhibited the stream (7) _ those seeking a

new life (8) the Atlantic About 5,000,000

immigrants (9) _ to America between 1820 to 1860,

half of (10) _ arriving after 1850 A small nation

(11 ) _ 10,000,000 in 1820 was transformed

(12 ) _ a giant of 31,000,000 (13) 1860

Many of the newcomers brought (14) them a way of

life which (15) _ radically from that of America

TEST 63

At sixteen Henry Vincent was a separated from his family as

a result of the war He wandered aimlessly from(l) _

country to another (2) _ finally setting down in

Australia (3) _ he trained (4) _ anelectronics engineer He established (5) _ own

business but it called for so much work that marriage was out of

the (6) _

His retirement suddenly (7) him realise

(8) _ lonely he was and decided to (9) up

a hobby With his interest (10) _electonics, amateur

radio seemed a natural choice He installed his iwn equipment

and obtained a licence and his call sign, whici is the set of

154

letters and numbers used to (11) _ oneself whenmaking radio contact with uuier radio amateurs all(12) _ the world.

Soon Henry had (13) _ great many contacts in off places One in particular was a man in California with(14) _ he had much in common One night the man inCalifornia (15) _ to mention the village in Europe he(16) _ come from Sudden Henry realised that, thisman was in fact his younger brother, Peter At first, the twobrothers were at a (17) _ for words but then little bylittle they filled (18) the details of their past livesand not (19) _ afterwards Henry Vincent flew toCalifornia to (20) _ reunited with his brother

far-TEST 64

Victor Lustig was a man who made his living by making people believe things that were not true in order to get moneyfrom them He (1) _ his name twenty-four times in hiscareer to avoid identification and was arrested forty-seven times

He did many amazing things but perhaps the (2) _incredible was (3) _ he tried to sell the Eiffel Tower

He (4) to be a senior civil servant and invited offers(5) _ the Tower, based on the value of the metal when

it (6) _ been pulled down The man (7) offer was accepted was (8) _ embarrassed to make(9) _ fuss and Lustig, (10) had made alot of money from the deal, walked free

Next he went on to try (11) luck ii America InOklahoma, he met a sheriff and sold him a machiru supposed to

be (12) _ of making thousand dollir bills Theunfortunate sheriff was arrested for using illegal hlls, but onceagain, Lustig (13)_to get away Thei he went to

Chicago, (14) _ he tried to trick the gangster AICapone’s men soon showed him the door

The American Secret Service were the people who finallybrought him (17) _ justice They investgated Lustigwas (18) _ to prison and it was there tht he died in

1947 On his (19) _ certificate, his ocoipation wasdescribed (20) “Apprentice Salesman.”

TEST 65

Karate-is moie than just an (1) of sef-defence in(2 ) _ of trouble It builds chiracter and(3 ) _ its exponents in shape

In karate, individuals leam to (4) _ ther minds andbodies, replacing aggression (5) _ toleran«, and pridewith humility They also (6) _ that fightiig is alwaysthe (7) _ resort in solving a (8) _ Karateinstills (9) _ iron-clad discipline tutoring(10 ) _ to stretch their tolerance aid humility(11 ) _ levels beyond their nomal sphere(12 ) _ experience (13) _the dsciipline, anexponent (14) _ leams one cannot masteithie martialart

156

Unfortunately, there are (15) _ misconceptionsabout karate Most of this misunderstanding (16) _from the violent shows (17) _ television or on the bigscreen (18) to all these movies, karate has nowbecome misused (19) _ a lack of understanding of(20) basic principles.

TEST 66

A glacier is a mountain of ice that moves slowly over land or

in the sea To get an (1) _ of how it looks like,(2) a glass with water halfway and (3) acube of ice in it that is (4) _ a glacier looks like in thesea, with most of it submerged (5) _ water.Now imagine that the ice in the (6) of a pyramid,with only the triangular top peeping (7) _ of thewater Dip your (8) _ perpendicularly into the glassand move it (9) _ the ice slowly You will notice thatyour finger wall touch the (10) _ under the waterbefore you get near the position (11) _the water

In the past, many ships were (12) _ in the seabecause by the (13) the ships spotted a glacier, theywere already (14) _ near it to steer the ship away to(15) Probably, the (16) _ of the iceunder the water would already have (17) _ a hole inthe hull of the ship Now, (18) _ the help of radarsduring navigation, a glacier can be detected (19) _water, and as such, disasters can be (20) _

First Class or Business Class passengers will be allowed up

to thirty kilogrammes of baggage (1) _ otherpassengers will be allowed up to twenty kilogrammes

In addition, (2) _ passenger will be allowed tocarry (3) _ piece of hand baggage (4) isnot more than 115 cms in total dimension to carry.(5 ) _ articles which will be carried fi'ee of(6 ) _ are: a lady’s handbag, a blanket, books for(7 ) _ during the light, baby food, a baby’s carrybasket, an umbrella, and a camera Passengers (8) _travel First Class will also be allowed to take (9) _them another bag for clothes

All hand baggage (10) _ be placed under the seat(11) _ in the overhead locker

Name labels should be put on every (12) _ and allother labels should be removed Bags should be locked, and(13) _ important papers, medicines, cash andjewellery should be taken in (14) _ baggage

Every (15) _ must go through a security checkbefore boarding the plane and all knives and weapons (whether real or toys) will be removed

NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES

It is true that newspapers are an (1) _ source ofinformation Many people begin their (2) _ by readingthe paper In this way they leam (3) _ is(4) on in the world Sometimes, however, theydon’t have time to read the news (5) and must be(6) wdth a quick look at the front (7) Atother times they may be in such a (8) _ that they havetime only to glance (9) _ the headlines

Another type of publication which helps keep the population(10) is the (11) _ Some magazines arepublished weekly (12) _ are put out monthly Thereare news magazines for (13) _ special interest asphotography, sports, art, and music (14) _ areprimarily for men, others for women, and there is a selection(15) children’s magazines, too In the United States,there are publications for every taste and interest

In 1960, a committee of enquiry w'as (5) _ up,

159