A REVISION OF THE METHODS AND a REVISION OF THE METHODS AND PROCEDURES OF PROCEDURES OF TRANSLATION IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY AT THORESEN VINAMA CO , LTD

Group: CQ56/51.01 GRADUATION THESIS Topic : A REVISION OF THE METHODS AND PROCEDURES OF TRANSLATION IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY AT THORESEN -VINAMA CO., LTD Major: English for Finance and

Group: CQ56/51.01 GRADUATION THESIS

Topic :

A REVISION OF THE METHODS AND PROCEDURES OF TRANSLATION IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY AT THORESEN

-VINAMA CO., LTD

Major: English for Finance and Accounting

Student code: 17522202010135

Suuppeerrvviissoor : Buui Thhi Tuuyyeet Maai (MMs.)

Hanoi – 2022

Academy of Finance Graduation Thesis

MINISTRY OF FINANCE ACADEMY OF FINANCE

Group: CQ56/51.01 GRADUATION THESIS

Topic :

A REVISION OF THE METHODS AND PROCEDURES OF TRANSLATION IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY AT THORESEN

-VINAMA CO., LTD

Major: English for Finance and Accounting Student code: 1872202010005

Suuppeerrvviissoor : Buui Thhi Tuuyyeet Maai (MMs.)

Hanoi – 2022

Letter of Declaration

I hereby declare that the Graduation Project A REVISION OF THE METHODS

AND PROCEDURES OF TRANSLATION IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY is

the result of my research and has never been published in any work of others

During the implementation process of this project, I have seriously taken research

ethics; all findings of this project are results of my research and surveys; all

references in this project are cited according to regulations I bear full

responsibility for the fidelity of the number and data and other contents of

my graduation project.

Hanoi,(day) 14th (month) March (year) 2022

Student (Signature and Full name)

Dai Hoang Ngoc Dai

ABSTRACTS

This study investigated the factual state of working capital management efficiency

at Thorasen-Vinama Ltd from the viewpoint of a fourth-year student of the Faculty

Academy of Finance Graduation Thesis

of Foreign Language, Academy of Finance The paper focuses on finding out

the deficiencies in the company's translation department and more importantly

suggesting the main methods to improve the efficiency of translating in the

company In achieving these goals, the graduation paper surveys the current

situation of translation and assesses whether it is effective or not using

different methods From the received results, the study argues the most

practical implications for Thorasen-Vinama Ltd to improve the efficiency of the

translation process of the company in the upcoming future.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to express my deep gratitude to all those who have given me the

possibility to complete this graduation thesis In preparing this graduation

thesis, I have had generous help and advice from my adviser, colleagues,

family, and friends I would like to express my great thanks to all of them.

First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor,

Ms Bui Thi Tuyet Mai, lecturer at the Academy of Finance, who has given

immense help and constant guidance with many careful instructions and

comments and valuable advice to me whenever I need Without her

support, I am not able to have a complete thesis.

Second, I wish to show my sincere thanks to all my teachers at the Academy

of Finance, who have provided me with a great education throughout my 4

years of study Moreover, I have furthermore to thank the staff of

Thorasen-Vinama Ltd for their valuable support during the internship period Without

their help, it would be impossible for me to finish this work.

Last but not least, I would like to send my loving thanks to my family whose love

and care in both spirit and health encouraged me to complete the thesis.

LISTS OF ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Academy of Finance Graduation Thesis

Liisst Chart 1: General hierarchy of THORESEN - VINAMA CO.,

LTD

Chart 2: Assessment of the translation quality of documents at

Thorasen-Vinama Ltd Chart 3: Criteria used to assess translation quality

Chart 4: Level of each criterion assessed

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paagge 11

16 17 17

1 Raattiioonnaalle of thhe sttuuddy

2 Aiimms of thhe sttuuddy

3 Scope of the study

4 Meetthhoodds of thhe sttuuddy

5 Orrggaanniizzaattiioon of thhe sttuuddy

1.1 Overview of the theory of translation

1 1 1 Deeffiinniittiioon of trraannssllaattiioon

CHAPTER 2: THE STUDY

2.1 Overview of VINAMA Ltd2.1.1 Introduction of

2.1.2 History of formation and development

2.1.3 Company organization

2.2 The current situation of translation of documents at THORASEN-VINAMA

2.2.1 Overview of service of THORASEN-VINAMA Ltd

2.2.2 The current translation quality of documents at THORASEN-VINAMA Ltd

12

2.2.2.1 Factors influencing the translation quality

Academy of Finance Graduation Thesis

2.2.2.2 Assessment of current translation quality of documents at Thorasen-Vinama

CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF

3.1 Strengths and weaknesses of translation at THORASEN-VINAMA Ltd 19

1 RATIONALE OF THE STUDY

In the maritime industry, translation plays an essential role to maintain the smooth

running of a business No business can run successfully without mutual understanding between companies because it is considered the bridge beyond the borders of an

enterprise Companies that have paid a lot of attention to translation and use them

efficiently gain a lot of benefits to generate much more working efficiency internally,

thereby lowering costs, and improving their performance This affects the fluidity and

smoothness of communication between enterprises and adversely affects the whole

working process Therefore, to get rid of miscommunication and errors, businesses should ask themselves “How to improve the efficiency of translation” This is not a simple

question, but a hard question that enterprises aren't solving immediately They should

have appropriate, proper, and reasonable methods that can draw different ways to improve the efficiency of the translation process simultaneously focusing on the quality of the

translation results to be on time and keep clear communication To be aware of the

importance of translating and be inspired by the necessity of an effective translation

process during my intern time at Thorasen-Vinama Ltd, as well as based on the knowledge and practical experiences I got during the internship, I’m going to choose the

topic: “ A REVISION OF THE METHODS AND PROCEDURES OF

TRANSLATION IN THE MARITIME INDUSTRY AT THORESEN - VINAMA

CO., LTD ” as my graduate thesis title.

2 AIM OF THE STUDY

- To provide the knowledge and information on translation activities at Thorasen-Vinama Ltd

- To understand the situation of translation activities at Thorasen-Vinama Ltd

- To identify and assess the causes of the deficiencies of Thorasen-Vinama Ltd ‘s translation department.

- To suggest main methods to improve and strengthen the efficiency of translation during work.

3 METHODS OF THE STUDY

Based on knowledge at the academy, books, and self-accumulation and to achieve these above objectives, several methods of studying the thesis are used as follows:

- Figure collection: from websites of Thorasen-Vinama Ltd, books, the internet, and internal information of the corporation.

- Translation assessment methods – Document evaluation, judgment, and conclusion.

- Method of analyzing, summarizing, and synthesizing materials and books from the theoretical background.

4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The research focuses on the efficiency of the translation department in Thorasen-Vinama Ltd from 2021 to 2022 and suggestions to improve this task.

5 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

Besides the Contents, Introduction, Conclusion, and References, the thesis

consists of 3 chapters.

Chapter 1: This chapter provides a general overview of translation theory and the importance of improving the quality of translation.

Chapter 2: The main part of the thesis It gives an overview of the translating

process of Thorasen-Vinama Ltd and uses different methods to assess it.

Chapter 3: This chapter gives the directions for the future development of

Thorasen-Vinama Ltd and provides some practical resolutions to

enhance the efficiency of translating in this company.

CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS OF TRANSLATION 1.1 Overview of the theory of translation

1.1.1 Definition of translation

What is the most basic definition of translation? It is the act of converting the meaning of a text from one language into another in the way that the author intended the text to be It sounds like a fairly simple task If one writes well in one language, then it would be fair to assume they can do it in another As the

great novelist, Günter Grass once said: “Translation is that which transforms everything so that nothing changes.” The translation is finding the proper equilibrium between conveying the sense and beauty of the initial text and making the target conversion more efficient and effective.

replaced by the form of the target language during translation (the language

of the translated text) Translation's goal is to convey the meaning of the source language (SL) to the target language (TL) (TL) This is accomplished

by using semantic structure to transition from the first language's form to the second language's form It's meaning that's being transmitted, and it has

to stay the same Only the appearance changes Furthermore, translation necessitates not only a comprehension of the communication's broad meaning but also the ability to comprehend the communication's culture.

1.2 Overview of translation methods

1.2.1 Principles of translating

a Meaning The meaning of the original text should be faithfully reflected in the translation Nothing should be added or removed at random Consider the following questions:

- is the meaning of the original text clear? If not, where does the uncertainty lie?

- are any wordrds “loaded”, that is, are therere any undederlrlying

implicicatatioionsns? (“Correct me if I’m wrong ” suggests “I know I’m right”)

- is the dictionary meaning of a particular word the most suitable one?

- does anything in the translation sound unnatural or forced?

b Form The sequence of words and ideas in the translation should be as near as feasible to the originals.

c Register In a given setting, languages often differ greatly in terms of formality (say, the business letter) To reconcile these disparities, the translator must differentiate between formal or fixed expressions and personal expressions, in which the tone is defined by the writer or speaker Also, consider :

- If translated liteterarally, woululd any exprpresession in the origiginal

sound too formal/informal, cold/warm, personal/impersonal ?

- What is the speaker's or writer's intent? (in order to persuade/dissuade, apologize/criticize?) Is it reflected in the translation?

d Source language influence "It doesn't sound natural," says one of the most common objejectctions to trananslslatatioion This is becacaususe the source text greaeatltly inflflueuences the translator's views and word choices Setting the material aside and translating a few words from memory is an effective approach

to shake off the source language (SL) influence While the eye is fixed on the SL text, this will imply natural patterns of thought in the first language (L1) that may not occur to the mind when the eye is fixed on the SL text.

e Style and clarityy The original style should not be changed by the translation.

However, if the material is sloppily written or contains monotonous repetitions, the translator may correct the errors for the sake of the reader.

f Idiom Idiomatic expressions are notoriously untranslatable These include similes, metaphors, proverbs, sayings (as good as gold), jargon, slang, colloquialisms, and phrasal verbs If the expressions cannot be directly translated, try any of the following:

- keep the origiginal term inveverted commas: "yum cha" - keep the origiginal

expression in brackets with a literal explanation: Summer in India (dry, hazy weather in late autumn)

- Usse a closose subststitituute

- Use plain prose or non-idiomatic translation: a little too much = un peu excessif

The golden guideline is to not force an idiom into a translation if it does not work

in the L1.

1.2.2 Methods of translating

Word-for-word translation

The interlinear translation is a common example, with the TL right below the SL words Out of context, the SL word order is retained, and the words are translated singly by their most common.

Literal translation

The SL grammatical structures are converted to their closest TL equivalents, while the lexical words are translated separately and out of context once more This serves as a

pre-translation indicator of the issues that need to be addressed

Faithful translation

Within the restrictions of the TL grammatical structures, an accurate translation seeks to capture the original's precise contextual meaning It 'translates' cultural words while maintaining grammatical and lexical 'abnormality' (difference from

SL standards) in the translation.

Semantic translation

Semantic translation differs from 'faithful translation' primarily in that it must take into account the SL text's aeststhehetitic valulue (that is, its attrtracactive and naturaral sound),, sacrificing'meaning' when necessary so that no assonance, word-play, or repetition jars in the final form It may also translatate less important cultural terminology using culturally neutral third party or functional terms rather than cultural equivalents The difference between 'faithful' and ‘semantic’ translation is that the former is rigid and dogmatic, whilst the latter is more flexible, allows for a creative exception to 100% fidelity, and allows for the translator's instinctive empathy with the original.

Adaptation

This is the ‘freest’ form of translation It is primarily utilized for plays (comedies) and poetry, with the themes, characters, and storylines being kept, the SL culture being

translated to the TL culture, and the text being rewritten by a well-known dramatist or poet.

the form of the original Usually, it is a paraphrase much longer than the original,

a so-called ‘intralingual translation’.

Idiomatic translation

Idiomatic translation reproduces the original's message, but it tends to distort nuances of meaning by favoring colloquialisms and idioms in places where they don't exist in the original.

Communicative translation

The communicative translation aims to convey the original's accurate contextual meaning in a way that the readership will find both content and language

acceptable and understandable.

1.2.3 Difficulties in translating

1.2.3.1 Problems of equivalence Translator Anton Popovic distinguishes four types of equivalence:

(1) Linguistic equivalence, where there is homogeneity on the linguistic level

of both SL and TL texts, i.e word for word translation.

(2) Paradigmatic equivalence, where there is the equivalence of “the elements of

a paradigmatic expressive axis”, i.e elements of grammar, which Popovic sees as being a higher category than the lexical equivalence.

(3) Stylistic (translational) equivalence, where there is “functional equivalence

of elements in both original and translation aiming at an expressive identity with an invariant of identical meaning.”

(4) Textual (syntagmatic) equivalence, where form and shape are equivalent.

Equivalence in translation should not be viewed as a quest for similarrity, because

similarity cannot exist between two TL versions of the same text, much less between the

SL and the TL version Popovic's four types are a good place to start.

1.2.3.2 Loss and gain

As soon as the precept is familiar that sameness can not exist between two languages,

it becomes feasible to approach the query of loss and advantage inside the translation technique It's far again an illustration of the low reputation of translation that so much time needs to have been spent on discussing what's misplaced within the switch of a

text from SL to TL while ignoring what also can be won, for the translator can at times

improve or make clear the SL textual content as an instantaneous result of the

interpretation process Furthermore, what is often seen as “lost” from the SL

context may be replaced in the TL context?

The issues of loss and advantage in translation, specifically the problems encountered via the translator while confronted with phrases or concepts within the SL that don't

exist in the TL can be visible in vocabulary, grammar, rhythm, which means …