Tính toán thiết kế mâm quay 2 động cơ máy khoan cọc nhồi dùng trong xây dựng

NGHIEN CIJU-TRAO DOI TINH TOAN THIET KE MAM QUAY 2 DONG Cd - MAY KHOAN COC NHOI DUNG TRONG XAY DLfNG THE DESIGN - CALCULATION FOR 2 ENGINES - SWIVELING WHEELS OF FILER - DRILLING MACHI

NGHIEN CIJU-TRAO DOI

TINH TOAN THIET KE MAM QUAY 2 DONG Cd - MAY KHOAN

COC NHOI DUNG TRONG XAY DLfNG

THE DESIGN - CALCULATION FOR 2 ENGINES - SWIVELING WHEELS OF FILER - DRILLING MACHINES USED IN THE

CONSTRUCTION FIELDS

TS Dao Duy Trung

Vien Nghien ciiu Ca khi

TOM TAT

Bdi bdo gidi thieu torn tdt cdc ket qud tinh toan chon thdng sd thiet ke mam quay 2 dong ca lap tren cdc mdy khoan coc nhdi trong nganh Xdy dung, thay the loai 1 ddng ca Loai ndy co nhieu tinh ndng

ky thuat ini viet, ddp img tdi nhu cdu thuc te trong ntrac Day la sdn phdm duac sti- dung vd nhap khau hien nay khd nhieu, cdn thiet nghien cuu tinh todn, thiet ke dong bo, cd tinh khoa hoc, coy nghia kinh

te vd ky thuat tdt

Tit khoa: Tinh todn; Thiet ke, Mam quay 2 dong ca; Mdy khoan coc nhdi; Nganh xdy dung

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces briefly the caculation rerults to collec the parameters of design for 2 engines -swinvening wheels fitted on the piler - drilling machines in the construction industry to replace Type

I engine This type has many superior technical features, meet the actual needs of the Vietnam country This product is used and imported quite a lot today, the necessary for calculation research, uniform designs, scientific, economic sense and good engineering

Keywords: Calculation; Design; 2 engines - swinvening wheels; Piler - drilling machines,

Construction fiedls

TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

1 DAT VAN DE

Phuang phap coc khoan nhdi su dung phd

bien cho viec tao mdng xay chen giiia cac khu

dan cu ma it lam anh hudng tdi cac cdng trinh va

tranh dugc d nhiem mdi trudng xung quanh Vi

vay, viec ap dung ky thuat tao cpc cho nen mdng

cdng trinh bang phuang phap cgc khoan nhdi dam

bao ve mat chat lugng, tinh kinh te, dieu kien mdi

trudng la mot yeu td ma dang dugc nhieu cdng ty,

ciing nhu cac don vi thi cdng dac biet quan tam

trong viec sii dung cac thiet hi khoan cpc nhdi

Trong qua trinh lam viec, mam quay cua may

khoan cpc nhdi la c a cau tao mdmen ddng luc cho

can khoan Tap trung nghien ciiu cac loai mam

quay va anh hudng cua lire tac ddng tir cum dau

khoan dat da den qua trinh gay mdn hong ciia

mam quay dugc cac don vi quan tam Do khudn

khd bai bao ngan ggn, chi tap trung tinh chgn md

ta thiiy luc va tinh bd truyen ddng banh rang tru

1 cdp, la hai cum chinh va quan trong ciia mam

quay

1.1 Thdng s6 ky thu^t mot s6 mam quay truy8n

dgng hai dong co" [1|

a) Mam quay R15G mdy khoan coc nhdi

gdn cdu Hitachi KH230 (xem hinh 1)

+ Chilu sau khoan tdi da ly thuylt: 96m; Chilu

sau khoan tdi da: ~ 82m; Dudng kinh khoan tdi

da: 2.500mm; truyin ddng: thiiy luc, dieu chinh

cdng sudt tu ddng; momen xoan: 150.000 N.m;

hanh frinh xi lanh ep: 580mm

b) Mam quay RD 260 mdy khoan coc nhdi

gdn cdu Soilmec SR-60 (xem hinh 2)

- Dudng kinh khoan tdi da: 1,8 m; Do sau

khoan tdi da: 66m; Ddng ca CAT: 261 kW tai 1800

vdng/phiit; Md men xoan tdi da: 200.000 (Nm); Khdi lugng may khi van chuyen: 50 tan [1]

Hinh 1: Mdm quay R15G, su diing hai dong

ca mdy khoan coc nhdi Hitachi KH230

Hinh 2: Mdm quay RD260 sii- dung hai ddng camdy khoan coc nhdi gdn cdu Soilmec

TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

1.2 Cau tao cua mam quay 02 ddng ca (xem hmh 3) (chpn sa bd i - 68,75); q - Hieu suat ciia he ddn

J ddng (chpn so bd rj = 0.95)

Vay, tdng mdmen ddu ra cua mdta thuy lire thoa man:

My 7025

' iXT]

I M „ =2679,5 N.m

Hinh 3: Cdu tao mdm quay truyen dong

2 dong ca [3]

Trong do: 1) Ddng ca; 2) Hop sd hanh tinh;

3) Vd hop; 4) Banh rdng lien triic; 5) Vdnh rdng;

6) Phat lam kin; 7) True dng (ca cdu truyen

mdmen cdn khoan)

2.TiNH TOAN THONG SO THIET KE MAM

QUAY

2.1 Tinh toan

2.1.1 Chon mdta thuy lire [3]

Theo cdng thiic:

M,

Trong do: M^^

1X7]

Mdmen dau ra cua thilt bi

^,75x0.95

Tu day, chpn M^g=3000 N.m

Mat khac vdi dau ra ca cau quay la 10 vg/ph

do vay sd vdng quay ciia mdta thuy luc la: i^g = i x 10 = 68,75 X 10 -687,5 (v/ph) Tdng cdng suat cua mdta thuy luc thoa man:

9,55.10' Trong dd:

+ M^: Momen dau ra ciia thiet bi mdta thuy luc, N.cm; k = 1,25: He sd du trii mdmen xoan; ^g = 687,5 vg/ph: Sd vdng quay ciia ddng ca thiiy lire trong 1 phiit

Thay sd, dugc:

X-,, 1,25x300000x687,5 , , , , „ ,

> ^rn^- • 1 -=26.7kW

^ ^^ 9,55.10'

Vi ta chgn 2 mdta thuy lire vdi 2 hop giam tdc dan ddng cho ca cau quay can khoan, nen mdmen va hieu suat cua mdi ddng ca se dugc chia ddi

M^^ - YM^Jl - 3000/2 = 1500 N.m

Cdng suat ciia mdi mdtg la: N^.j,=^ i;N^g/2 ^ 26,7/2-13,35 kW

Vay, chpn mdta thuy luc nhan hieu PAVC-55

cd cac thdng sd sau:

- Sd vdng quay cua mdto thuy luc: n^.^ - 750

mdta thuy lire; i - Ty sd truyen cua he ddn ddng v/phut (cd the diay ddi dugc rtr 450 ^ 2600 v/phut);

TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI

Mdmen hric quay M ^ ^ - 150 N.m; Cdng sudt 15

kW (cd t h i thay ddi dugc hi 5 - 22 kW) [4]

2.1.2 Thiet ke bd truyen banh rdng try 1 cdp

2.1.2.1 Sa do ddn ddng (xem hinh 4)

Hinh 4: Sa do ddn ddng hd truyen bdnh rdng tru

I cdp

Trong do: 1,1'- Bdnh rdng lien true;

2 - Vdnh rdng

Ta chi tinh cho 1 bd truyen 2-1, cdn bd truyln

2 - 1 ' tuang tu

2.1.2.2 Tinh chgn vat lieu [4]

- Bd truyen banh rang tru 1 cap la thep 45 tdi

cai thien dat cac chi tieu ca tinh sau: Banh rang

be: Dp ciing HB = 241^285, gidi han b i n o^,

850 MPa, a^, - 580 MPa;

- Banh rang Idn cd dp ciing HB - 192^240,

gidi han b i n a^ = 750 MPa, o^= 450 MPa

2.1.2.3 Xdc dinh cdc kich thudc hinh hoc cua

bd truyen [2]

- Xac dinh dudng kinh vdng lan

Vdi vanh rang 2, cd t h i xac djnh dugc theo

cdng thiic kinh nghiem khi ta chgn can khoan tir

2,2 - 2,5 idn dudng kinh cdn khoan, vdi dudng

TAP

kinh cua can khoan ta chgn sa bd la d^,^ = 300 mm thi dudng kinh ciia vanh rang 2 la d^ = 660 mm

Theo nhu phan phan bd ty sd truyln d phdn trudc cd i = 2,75, vay: i = d^/d,

•^ d, = d,/i - 660/2,75 = 240 mm

- Xac dinh khoang each true cua 2 banh rang ankhdp:

^wi.2" (d,-f d,)/2 - (660 + 240)/2 - 450 mm

- Xac dinh mddun m: Theo cdng thirc 6.17 trang 97 [5], cd

m = (0.01 - 0.02).a^^= (0.01 - 0.03).450 =

4,5-13,5 mm

Theo bang 6.8 trang 99 [5] ta chpn m = 12 mm

- Xac dinh sd rang tren mdi banh rang: Dua vao mddun rang va dudng kinh vdng chia ciia banh rang ta tinh dugc sd rang tuang ling vdi mdi banh rang nhu sau:

+ Sd rang cua banh rang lien true 1: Zj = d / m

= 240/12 = 20 rang;

+Sd rang ciia vanh rang 2: Z^ - d^/m = 660/12

= 55 rang

2.1.2.4 Kiem nghiem cap bdnh rdng a) Kiem nghiem rang ve do ben tiep xuc:

Theo cdng thiic:

^ ^ ^ \2T.KJi + \)^r 1

a, =Z„.Z^.Zj '^^^^ U[aJ Trong do;

- Z„ = 274 (MPa)"';

- Z^ : He so ke den hinh dang b6 mat tiSp xuc dugc xac dinh theo cong thiic:

2 cos/

H \| sin 2a„,

C H l CO KHI' VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

d day: (i^ - Goc nghieng cua rang tren hinh - b_: ChiSu rong vanh rang b^= ip " V

Voi 9 =0,32; Khoang each true a^ = 450 mm, tru CO so dugc xac dinh theo cong thiic:

WA = cos a,.tgS vay b_,= 0,32x450 =144 mm

voi a^ = a^^ = arctg(tga/cosP), Chpn b^= 145 mm

+ Vi ta chon la banh rang tru rang thang nen - Tj : Momen xoan tren true banh chii dong P^ ^ 0"; Goc profin cua cac rang tru rang th^ng a^ ciia dau ra la T = 175.280 (N.m)

= a = 20°; Goc an khgp a = a = a = 20", ™ ,- , • , , , , ,

^' ' Ihay tat ca cac so lieu da tinh vao ta tmh

Thay vao duac;

2cos/3j _ I 2cos0'

ysin2a:,„, Vsm2.20 \ 144x3x250" '

Ze: He so ke den sir trung khgp ciia rang »tT„ <[(T„] = 481,4(«Pa)

dugc xac dinh nhu sau: Vay cap banh rang thoa man dilu kien vl do

Zf,^ l4-£^ ben tiep xiic

i~^ , , ,

T f ' f i ' i " - ^ - , ! • • b) Kiem nghiem rang ve sue ben uon

Trong do; ^a la he so trung khdp ngang co £ a

the xac dinh bang cong thuc gan diing: - DJ dam bao do bSn udn cho rang, ung suSt

£„ = [l 88-3.2(1/Z| +l/Z,]cos;S uon sinh ra tai chan rang khong dugc vugt qua gia

tri cho phep, dugc xac dinh theo cong thiic sau:

£;„=[l.88-3.2(l/20 + l/55]cos0°=i,79

Thay vao ta tinh dugc: _2T^.K^Y£YpYp^ ^^ ,

" P I ~ r :; - I'^'f 1J

ht^.d,^.m

Z e = l i z i ^ 0,858

3

- Kj^: He so tai trgng khi tinh ve tiep xuc xac

dinh theo cong thiic: Trong do

K = K K K

H "Tip- H • H +m=12m6dunbanhrSng;b^ = 144mm;d^,= Trong do: K„p = 1.03; K„p= 1; K„,=1.05: He d = 240 mm; Y^ = l/e_: He s6 kS dSn su trung khdp

so ke den tai trong viing an khop phu thuoc vao

- ; t i - „ , ' Ta da tinh dugc 8 = 1.79 (he so trung khdp van toe banh rang Khi do: a = r

ngang) o phan tren

_;r.rf,.K| _a-.25Q.30

6000 ~ 6000 ~ ' Thay s6 vao, tinh dugc Y_.= l/e,= 1/1,79 = Tra theo phu luc 2.3 trang 250 [5], ta co: '^•55

"" ' • + K^: He so tai trgng khi tinh u6n dugc xac Thay so lieu vao cong thiic tren ta dugc: dinh theo cong thiic:

K„ = K„, K„_ K„^=l,03xlxl,05 = 1.08 K, = K^p.K^,.K„

TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, 83 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

Kpp - 1,03: Tra bang 6.7 trang 98 [5]; K^^

1 : he sd ke den su phan bd khdng dSu tai trgng

cho cac ddi rang ddng thdi an khdp khi tinh v§

uon; Kpy ^ 1,13: He sd ke den tai trgng dgng xudt

hien trong vung an khdp khi tmh vd udn,

Thay sd vao, cd: Kp - 1,03x1x1,13= 1,164;

- Yp ^ 1: He sd ke den dp nghieng cua rang;

- Yp,; Yp^: He sd dang rang ciia banh rang 1

va 2 dugc cho trong bang 6.18 trang 109 [9], theo

phuang phap ndi suy ta cd dugc: Y^,, ^ 3,65 ;

Yp^=3,58

Vay, thay vao dugc ling suat udn sinh ra tai

chan rang la:

_ 2x1528.10^x1,164x0.56x1x3,65

144x240x12

n <[af.i] = 252iMPa)

36,35x3,58 , , „ ,

35 66(MPfl)

3,65

-2 <[o"pJ^236,5(M/'a)

36,35(M/'fl)

Nhu vay, mam quay thoa man cac dieu kien

ben

2.2 Chon thong so ky thuat ciia mam quay 2 dgng Cff

Qua tinh toan, chgn mam quay vdi cac thdng

sd ca ban sau:

- Dudng kinh can khoan tieu chuan D=^300mm; Mdmen quay Idn nhat Mmax ^175.000Nm;

- Tdc do quay Idn nhat n^^^^lOv/ph

3 KET LUAN

Vdi ket qua tinh toan mam quay nay, cac thdng sd c a ban thiet ke cho mam quay nhu: Md

ta thuy luc gdm: Cdng suat, sd vdng quay, md men khdi dgng, hieu su4t; Cac thdng sd cho bd truyen banh rang tru 1 cap gdm vat lieu, ling suSt cho phep, cac kich thudc hinh hgc chinh, kiSm nghiem siic ben tiep xiic va siic ben udn,.v.v dam bao va thoa man dieu kien b6n, lam viec tdt

cd do tin cay Tren ca sd ket qua tinh toan nay, mam quay da dugc thiet ke, ch§ tao va lap dat thanh cdng trong thuc te, dugc c a sd ap dung danh gia tdt •

Ngay nhan bai: 05/02/2014

Ngay phan bien: 18/3/2014

Tai li§u tham khao:

[1] Nguyen Ba Kd: Thi cdng coc khoan nhdi, NXB Giao thong Van tai, Ha Noi ~ 1999

[2] Nguyen Trong Hiep, Nguyen Van Lam; Thiet ke chi tiet mdy - NXB Giao due, Ha Noi, 2001

[3] Truong Qudc Thanh, Pham Quang Dung: Mdy vd thiet bi ndng NXB Khoa hgc Ky thuat, Ha Noi - 2006 [4] Huynh Van Hoang, Dao Trong Thudng: Tinh todn mdy true, NXB Khoa hoc Ky thuat Ha Ndi - 2002

[5] Trinh Chdt, Le VanUyln: Tinh todn thiet ke he ddn ddng ca khi-'HXB Khoa hoc Ky thuat Ha Ndi - 1999

TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014