Nghiên cứu, thiết kế, chế tạo máy cấp xúc xích bán tự động cho máy đóng gói

Rieng ddi vdi san pham xiie xich, viec ddng da dupe t u ddng hda d phan Idn eae cdng ty, tuy nhien, viec cap xuc xich vao may ddng gdi van thuc hien chu yeu bSng tay do gia thanh trang b

NGHIEN CIIU-TRAO001

NGHIEN c a u , THIET KE, CHE TAO MAY CAP XUC Xl'CH BAN

TLf DONG CHO MAY DONG GOI

RESEARCH, DESIGN, MANUFACTURE SEMI-AUTOMATIC SAUSAGE FEEDER MACHINE FOR PACKING SYSTEM

PGS,TS Nguyen Hdng Ngan, ThS Vu Nhu- Phan ThiSn, Hoang Minh Tri, T6 Van Giap

Bd mdn Co gidi hda Xi nghiep va Xay dung, Khoa Co khi, Trudng Dai hpc Bach Khoa,

Dai hpc Qudc gia TR Hd Chi Minh

TOM TAT

Viec tit ddng hda todn hd he thdng ddng gdi xuc xich la mdt nhu cdu tie thuc te Bdi bdo nay, trinh bdy kit qud nghien ami lua chon: Kit cdu, nguyen ly hogt ddng cung nhu cdc ca sd ly thuyet cua viec cdp lieu theo chu ky ddng gdi bdng phuang phdp lac rung da duac nghien cuu vd dp dung vdo mdy cap \ cho mdy ddng gdi theo yeu cdu Mdy da duac che tgo vd thu nghiem cho phep gidm lao ddng thu con^ cho he thdng day chuyen ddng gdi xuc xich

Tu- khoa: Mdy ddng gdi xuc xich; Hi thong ddng gdi xuc xich; Mdy cdp xuc xich tu dgng; Mm

cdp rung

ABSTRACT

The automation of a packaging-sausage system is a real demand This paper presents res results, selects: Structure and working principles as well as the theoretical basis of feeding i based on shaking vibration have been studied and utilized for the packaging machine according to the desired production rate The machine has been successfully fabricated and tested to guarantee the automatic-synchronization requirements of the packaging system

Keywords: Sausise packaging machine; Sausage packaging system; Sausise automation feeder, Vibration feeder

TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

l D A T V A N D E

Cac doanh nghiep hoat ddng trong linh

vuc cdng nghe giet md gia sue, cung eSp thit

tuai sdng, thit ddng lanh va cac mat hang thuc

pham che bien tir thit phai trai qua rat nhieu

cdng doan Rieng ddi vdi san pham xiie xich,

viec ddng da dupe t u ddng hda d phan Idn eae

cdng ty, tuy nhien, viec cap xuc xich vao may

ddng gdi van thuc hien chu yeu bSng tay do gia

thanh trang bi tu ddng toan bd he thdng day

chuyen ciia nude ngoai rat cao, vi du nhu tai

Cdng ty TNHH MTV Viet Nam Ky nghe Sue

san (VISSAN) v i n phai thue hien cap xiic xich

cho day chuyen bang tay vdi 7 cdng nhan dirng

may, lam tang chi phi san xuat Dua tren nhu

c4u tir san xuit, nhdm nghien cuu da nghien

cuu he thdng sSp xep va cap xuc xich tu ddng

cho may ddng gdi vdi chi phi thap hon nhieu so

vdi nhap ngoai

2 NGHIEN CUtJ CAC PHl/ONG AN THIET K £

Muc dich: Tim hieu cae day ehuyen tu dpng

da su dung tren t h i gidi trong viec ckp xiie xich

vao may ddng gdi va tir dd nghien cim phuang an

thilt k l phii hpp vdi yeu eiiu cua Cdng ty

2.1 Day ehuyen ddng goi ciia Diic (Theo http://

w w w d r a k e I o a d e r c o r a / P r o d u c t s / c o l I a t o r _

home.html)

- Xuc xich dupe phan loai tho;

- Xuc xich dupe dinh hudng tten bang tai ed

ranh;

- Xuc xich dugc phan vao hjng khoang va ed

tay gat;

- Xuc xich loi va thieu se dupe canh tay robot xit ly;

- Xiic xich dupe ddng gdi hoan ehmh Nhan xet:

-Day la day chuyen san xuat, ddng gdi rat hien dai, nang suat Idn

-Tat ea cac cdng doan dupe thue hien tu dpng, con ngudi chi ddng vai trd giam sat

- De y tdi bd phan cap xiic xich cho thiet bi ddng gdi ta thay rang xiie xieh dupe xep doc theo chieu bang tai

2.2 Day chuyen dong gdi cua Dai Loan (day chuyen thirc te da dirffc lap dat d Vissan)

- Xiie xich duoc sap xep bang tay vao rd;

- Xiie xich duoc cong nhan bd vao may cap xiie xich va tu ddng dua xudng bang tai theo diing

sd lupng va vao may ddng gdi tu dpng

2.3 Cac phat minh da cd tren the gidi (nguon tif Internet)

a) Patent EP0655041B1 (hinh 1)

Xiie xieh dupe sap xep theo ehieu doc vao pheu chua

Pheu chua dupe dat nghieng de tu cap xiic xich vao gau tai

b) Patent EP0456155B1 (hinh 2)

Xiic xich dupe diin va cat duac xep tren bang tai doc

Khi xuc xich dupe bang tai van chuyen den cudi bang tai va cap vao khudn cho may ddng gdi dudi sir giam sat ciia bp dem

TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM, S 6 3 n a m 2 0 I 4

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

'«*->

Hinh I: Patent EP(I65S(]41B1

v\

^%^i

- P h l u (2): Xiic xich da duac sap xep trudc do

de du trii' va cap xudng khudn

- Khudn (3): Nhiem vu phan deu sd lupng xiic xieh theo yeu eau ddng gdi cho mdi lan cap vao bang chuyen

- C o cdu rung (4): Gay ra rung dpng d6 xiic xich khi bd vao pheu cd the rdt deu vao khuon tranh tinh trang ket giira cac eay xiic xieh

- Co ciu day (1): Nhiem vu cua co eau nay la

d l y xiic xieh sau khi da rdt deu vao khudn ra bang chuyen de dua den may ddng gdi

- Khung (5); Mang toan bp he thdng may va

bp phan truyen ddng dam bao dp cimg viing, an toan va tinh tham my

Hinh 2: Patent EP0456155B1

Qua tham khao va phan tich cac qui trinh ddnj

gdi tu ddng hien cd tren the gidi, nhdm nghien

cii'u da chpn Ipc va lam md hinh nhiing phuong

an kha thi va cudi cimg da thdng nhat lira chpn

phuang an may cap xiic xich vao may ddng gdi

nhu hinh 3, bdi cac uu diem: Kha nang tu dpng

hda, gia dau tu thiet bi thap va cai thien nang suit

3 MAY CAP XUC XICH BAN TlT DONG

3.1 Ket cau, nguyen li hoat dong may cdp xiic

xich tu' dong

May cap xiie xich ban tu dpng (hinli 3) gdm

CO bd phan nhu sau:

TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2

Hinh 3: Kit cdu mdy cdp xuc xich xudng bdng

chuyin ddng gdi:

1) Ca cdu day; 2) Pheu; 3 Khudn; 4) Ca cdu rung; 5) Khung

Nguyen ly boat dpng eiia may cap xiic xich

tu dpng:

Xiie xich dupe eho vao may theo mdt trat tir nhat dinh, dudi tae dpng rung cua ca cau rung, xiic xich dupe sap xep cd trat tu va roi deu xuong khudn, xiie xieh sau khi da roi xudng khudn, ducrc

eo cau day day tdi bang ehuyen Bien dp rung ciia

NGHIEN ciiu-TRAO 001

CO eau rung dupe lay tir thue nghiem (phu thudc vao van tdc dong gdi), van tdc cua co cau day dupe dieu khien bang ddng co servo thdng qua tin hieu thu dupe, dam bao su ddng bd vdi van tde bang dua xuc xich tdi may ddng gdi

u Md hinh kit cdu rung (tham khdo ca sa ky thuat rung trong mdy sdn xudt vdt lieu vd cdu kien xdy dung)

Muc dich CO cau rung nham tang cudng kha nang rung lae xiie xich de sap xep ddng thdi dua deu va

du sd lupng xiic xich xudng khudn Ket cau va so dd nguyen ly ciia eo eau rung dupe trinh bay tren hinh

4 va 5 Cac thdng sd ket eau va lam viec ciia bd rung dupe xae dinh dua tren co sd ty thuyet ve rung dpng

va eac ket qua tir thuc nghiem

Hinh 4: Kit cdu ca cdu rung:

1) Ddng ca; 2) Khdp ndi; 3) Tdm i-ung;

4) Thanh chdng; 5) Cum truat;

6) Khudn rung; 7) Gdi da; 8) Lo xo;

9) True; 10) Bdnh lech tdm; 11) O bi

Hinh 5: Sa dd nguyen li ca cdu rung: 1) Dong ca, 2) Kh&p ndi; 3) True, 4) Tdm da; 5) Khudn rung; 6) Cum truat 7) Mat ti; 8) Ld xo; 9) Bdnh lech tdm; 10)Gdidd; Il)6bi

b Md hinh kit cau ca cdu cdp xiic xich

Muc dich cua co c4u d p xuc xieh la dam bao dua diu va du sd lupng xuc xich nam trong khudn tdi bang ehuyin cua may ddng gdi hr ddng, van tdc d p dupe dieu chinh bang ddng ca servo ddng bp vdi

van tdc ddng gdi Ket c4u va so dd nguyen ly cua co eSu ckp dupe h-inh bay tren hinh 6 va 7 Cac thdng

sd kit c4u va lam vice eua co c4u d i y dupe xac dinh dua h-en co sd ly thuyet ve rung dpng va cae kit qua tir thuc nghiem

TAP C H i C O K H i VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN ciiu-TRAODOI

2 3 4 5

12 11 Td~-^—a~^

Hinh 6: Kit ciu tdng the ca cdu day:

1) Bo truyin dai; 2) Goi da; 3) True;

4) Tay quay: 5) Chdt; 6) Tay bien;

7) Chit: 8) Can ddy; 9) Tam da truat;

10) Con truat; 11) Ray; 12) Bo khung

10 9 8 7

Hinh 7; Sa do nguyen li ca cdu day

1) Dong ca; 2) Bo truyen dai; 3) Goi da;

4) True; 5) Tay quay: 6) Chdt; 7) Cdn dif;

8) Tdm do' truat; 9) Cum goi truat;

10) Tay bien

//////////////////////// J,

—fl#|—(

y/J///,

SA ''^^^^^ b

a) b) Hinh 8- Md hinh he Idc rung, vd ca cdu cdp

3.2 Co" sd \i thuyet qua trinh cap xiic

xich (tham khao ABTOMaTHHecKaa sarpysKa

lexHOJiorHMeCKHX MauiHH: enpaeoHUHK)

Cae CO cau cap va ban cap xiie xieh deu ed

the dupe md hinh hda bang he ddng luc hpc mdt

khoi lupng kich thich bang dan ddng true khiiy

thanh truyen (hinh 8a) Co eau cap lieu khdi

lupng m lien ket vdi phan vat lieu duoc cap cd

dp dan hdi va dp nhdt qui ddi la c va b, neu thanh

truyen chuyen ddng vdi van tdc gdc diu la o), cdn

chieu dai true khuyu r nhd hon nhilu so vdi thanh

truyen, khi dd cin diy se h^yen cho khii quan

tinh m mpt dao dpng hinh sin la

x = rcosciit

Dk xac djnh luc F ma thanh fruyln tac dung

len khdi luong m, theo nguyen tac Dalamber tii dieu kien can bang ddng cua thanh phan m ta co

mx + bx + cx = F:

Lay gia tri cx = 0 khi

F = F^cos((sit+(s?)

= 0 ta nhan duoc

Trong dd: r^((Ml-&'f+4h'(M' Trong qua trinh dao ddng, giiia cac cay xuc xich cd su tuong tac lan nhau xuat hien su dan hoi

c va nhdt b

TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

6 tan sd cdng hudng (o^;, =ycO(,^-2A^

bien dp luc eiia can day dat gia tri cue tieu:

F^^,^2mrhyloi,'-h'

Khi khdng cd luc can nhdt ed nghia la

b = h = 0,Gi,,^Gio,F^^,=0

Gia tri lire kich ung vdi lue can thay ddi dupe

bieu dien tren hinh 8b vdi dudng tuong ung vdi

dudng l-h=0, dudng 2-h < Q}^ / v 2 , dudng 3 - h

> Q}gl^2 O trudng hpp cudi hien tupng cdng

hudng da khdng xay ra Nhu vay, eong hudng

trong he da cho la su giam luc tae ddng len bd

phan dan ddng Ciing nhu trong he ddng lire hpe,

d day khiO)-0)Q thi hien tucmg cdng hudng xay

ra va luc F^= 0 va trong bieu dd hinh 8b ta cung

thay khi van tdc gdc (o cd gia tri gan vdi co^ thi lye

F^secdgiatrinhd

Cdng suat cua co cau cap:

N = F„.x

N = mryjia^ -(o^f +4h^(o^ (-Ki} sinco 0

Trong do:

/,• Thdi gian roi xiic xich xuong khuon;

d: Dudng kinh xiic xich;

g: Gia t6e trpng trudng

Nhu vay, nang suat eua may cap xuc xich se khdng the vugt qua:

N = m./-^co^(a)o -(o^f +4h}ii'.cos^ t + —)

Nhan xet: Cdng suit cap la mpt ham thay ddi

theo hinh sin vdi tan sd bang tan sd lire kich

Dua tren ca sd ly thuyit tinh toan ta se xac

dinh duac eae thdng sd lam viec cho mang lac

ciing nhu co eau cap xiie xich

D I dam bao van tdc eip xuc xieh phii hpp vdi

may ddng gdi cin dilu chinh van tde day theo van

tde ddng gdi, phii hpp vdi may ddng gdi

D I xac dinh nang suit ly thuyit cua may, dua

tren nguyen tdc lam viec cua may cap, ta nhan

thiy mac dii nang sudt may eip xiic xich dupe cd

thi dupe dilu chinh bing ddng eo servo, tuy nhien

do xiic xich roi xudng khudn day theo nguyen tac

rai hr do, nen nang suit thuc tl se bi khdng che rtr

thdi gian roi eiia xuc xich it nhat phai la:

TAP

2/ 242d Trong dd k: He sd hieu chinh thdi gian roi thuc

Tir nhiing nhan xet tren ta nhan thay khi kich thudc dudng xiic xich cang Idn thi nang suat gidi ban cua may cang nhd

4 CAC KET QUA TINH TOAN MAY CAP CHO CAC LOAI XUC XICH KHAC NHAU

May ddng gdi xuc xieh thudng dupe thuc hien cho nhieu loai xiic xich khac nhau do dd khi tinh toan ket cau may cap can tinh den kha nang dieu chinh kich thudc ciia khudn chira xiie xieh ciing nhu hanh trinh day cua ca cau cap phii hpp vdi kich thudc xiic xich

Xiic xich dupe cap cho may ddng gdi Ur ddng chii yeu gdm bdn loai:

- Loai 1: Dudng kinh 17 mm; Chieu dai 140mm

- Loai2:EXrdngkinhl8mm; Chieu dai 100mm

- Loai 3 :E)udng kinh 20 mm; Chieu dai 140mm

- Loai 4: Dudngkmh25 mm; Chieu dai 180mm Khdi lupng mdi eay xiie xieh nang tir 40 - 50

g Xiie xich can dupe dua tdi day chuyen ddng

gdi theo diing sd lupng theo mdi lan nap (4-6 cay '^

CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014 ^

NGHIEN ciru-TRAODOI

xuc xich tuy loai) va di vdi van tdc dong gdi thay

ddi tir 100- 120 gdi trong mpt phut De dam bao

nang suit cho may ddng gdi, may cap co the chiia

lue diu nhilu nhit la 8 kg xiie xich, dua tten khdi

lugng xiic xich trong may ta se cd khdi lupng qui

ddi tac dung tdi mang lac va eo cau cap xiie xich

Sau qua trinh ehi tao va thu nghiem may cap

xiic xich da dupe dua vao su dung (hinh 9) Cac

thdng sd cua may da che tao cho loai xiie xich

dudng kinh 20 mm, chilu dai 140mm nhu sau:

+ Cae thdng sd lam viec cho mang lac rung:

- Van tdc lie: 250 lin/ phut (tuy thudc vao

kha nang sip xIp xiie xieh xudng khudn cap)

- Bien dp lie: 5 mm (phu thuoc vao kich

thudc dudng kinh xiic xich)

- Cdng suat rung: 1 HP

+ Cae thdng sd lam viec cho eo cau cap:

Van tdc lie: 120 lin/ phut (ddng bd vdi van

t i c may ddng goi)

- Hanh trinh day: 150 mm (tuy thudc vao

kich thudc chieu dai cay xuc xich)

- Cdng suat rung: 0,5 HP

Ngay nhan bai: 12/02/2014

Ngay phan bien: 14/3/2014

Hinh 9: Mdy cdp xiic xich da chi tgo

5 KET LUAN

Viec nghien cuu thiet ke che tao he thdng sap xIp va eip xiic xich tu ddng eho mdt may dong gdi xiie xich vdi gia thanh ha da phan nao dap ling dugc nhu ciu hi ddng hda toan bd day chuyen ddng gdi eho cac nha may che bien xiie xieh Cac thdng sd kit ciu va larii viec cua may eip xiie xich hoan toan phu hop va ddng bd vdi nang suit cua may ddng gdi ciia doanh nghiep Viec sap xep tu ddng xiie xieh vao may cap ciing da dupe nghien cii-u va se trinh bay d nhiing bai bao sau Cac ket qua nghien cuu hoan toan cd the md rdng pham

vi ap dung cho cac nha may cd nhu cau nham tang hieu qua eua eae day chuyen, tang nang suat che bien xuc xieh va tir dd giam dugc chi phi tren mpt dan vi san pham va tang cudng kha nang canh tranh cua cdng ty tren thi trudng.*!*

Tai li§u tham khao:

[1] "ABTOMaTiiMecKaa 3arpy3Ka TexHonoraqecKHx MEIUHH: cnpaeoiHUK", MaumnocTpoeHe, 1990 - 400 c

[2] Tran Van Tuan, Ca sd ky thudt rung trong mdy sdn xudt vat lieu vd cdu kien xdy dung NXB Xay dung Ha

Npi, (2005)

[3] KREWER (1995), Conveyor arrangement for a sausage packaging machine Bulletin 1998/18 [4] Righele, 1992, Machine for the separation of one continuous sausage into individual sausages Bulletin 92/38 [5] Miehaud, Pressean,DTo[et, (1994), Sausage link handling and packaging machine Bulletin 91/46

TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014