NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI NGHIEN CLFU T H l i t Kt VA CHi TAO MAY IN 3D P H 6 I MAU STUDY ON THE DESIGN AND IVIANUFACTURE A MDCED COLOR 3D PRINTER Tran Nggc Hien', Nguyen Ngoc H a \ Nguyen Van
Trang 1NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI
NGHIEN CLFU T H l i t Kt VA CHi TAO MAY IN 3D P H 6 I MAU
STUDY ON THE DESIGN AND IVIANUFACTURE A MDCED COLOR 3D
PRINTER
Tran Nggc Hien', Nguyen Ngoc H a \ Nguyen Van Cuong*, Nguyln Van Nghia^
'Khoa Co khi, Trudng Dai hpc Giao thdng Van tai
-Khoa Dien - Di6n tir, Trudng Dai hgc Giao thong Van tii
TOM TAT
Cdng nghe in 3D la mdt cong nghe tgo mdu tien tien, hiin dang Id mot trong nhitng xu huang phdt trien mai cda khoa hpc vd ky thugt hien dpi Hien nay trin the giai, cong nghi in 3D
dd duac img dung trong viec tao sdn phdm cho cdc ung dung cong nghiep cdng nhu phuc vu dai sdng - xd hpi Bdi bdo trinh bdy cdc kit qud vi tinh todn thiit ki, che tgo mdy in 3D phoi mdu Cdc kit qud in thu nghiim da chimg minh duac cdc tinh ndng cua mdy duac thiit ki
Tvr khoa: Mdy in 3D, FDM; Phdi mdu
ABSTRACT
3D printing is an advanced prototyping technology It is one ofthe new trends in modern science and technology Currently, in the world, 3D printing technology has been applied in creating products for the industrial applications as well as for social life This paper presents the results of design and fabricating a mixed color 3D printer The printing test results have demonstrated the functionalities ofthe designed machine
Keywords: 3D printer, FDM, Mixed color
1 DAT VAN BE
Trong ITnh vuc sin xuat hien dai,
cac he thdng thilt k l CAD (Computer aided
design), lap trinh gia cdng CAM (Computer
aided manufacturing), gia cdng tren may CNC
(Computer numerical control) dugc iing dung
rgng rai
Hinh 1 Tir md hinh CAD t&i sdn phdm theo phuang phdp tgo mdu
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Hinh 1, thl hien mdt vdng kin tir thiet
k l tdi che tao ra san phim Theo trinh tu thdng
thudng tir thilt k l tdi chl tao, chi tiet dugc thilt
kl, lip frinh gia cdng, sau dd gia cdng tren cic
miy gia cdng de tao san phim Khic vdi trinh
tu do la cdng nghe tao mau nhanh (RP - Rapid
prototyping) [1]
In 3D li mdt cdng nghe tao miu nhanh
trong dd sin phim dupe tao thanh theo cac
Idp in In 3D hien tai ed nhieu phuang phap
in khic nhau, mgt sd phuang phip in phd bien
nhu: SLA, SLD, SLM, LOM, FDM, DMLS
Hau het cac loai vat lieu cd the dugc diing de
tao san pham theo cdng nghe in 3D Vat lieu
cd the d dang ldng, bpt hoac ran [2,3] Cdng
nghe nay hien dang phit trien, ddi mdi va hoin
thien, cd the tao cic sin phim tir nhua den kim
loai
Bii bio trinh biy phuang phap thiet ke,
che tao miy in 3D phdi mau theo cdng nghe in
FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) Cic kit
qua thir nghiem qua trinh in tren miy in 3D vdi
cac vat lieu ABS, PLA dat dugc cac chi tieu ve
dp chinh xie hinh hpc cua sin pham in
Hinh 2 Phuang phdp in FDM
(Fused Deposition Modelling)
Hinh 2, the hien nguyen Iy cua qui
hinh in FDM voi hai vat lieu in co man khic
nhau Su dung phuang phap diin cac vit Ueu
nhua nhiet deo dua fren nguyen tic Iam ndng
chay sgi nhua dugc ling Iai thdng qua mdt
diu phun nhiet fren mdt be mat Diu phun se chuyen ddng theo quy dao phiic tap de tao nen cac ldp nhua Quy dao dugc cung cip den may
in dudi d^ng ma G code Mdi ldp sau khi ling lai se lien ket vdi ldp dugc in trudc dd vi ian hda
2 QUY TRINH CAC BU'OiC THIET KE, CHE TAO MAY IN 3D PHOI MAU
Quy trinh thiet ke, che tao may in 3D phdi mau theo cong nghe in FDM dugc th^ hien d hinh 3 Tir khao sat, danh gii tdng quan
ve cdng nghe in 3D, cic tie gia lua chpn diroc phuang an thiet kS v i thiet ke tdng the may in 3D fren co sd phan tich cic tiiiet ke hien cd nhir miy cua hang Reprap, 3DSystem, Sfratasys, ZCorp [4-7], Cic bg phan cua may in nhu bg phan in, he thdng dieu khien, ket cau thep duoc tinh toan tiiiet ke Trgn co sd do, thilt lap quy trinh cdng nghe gia cdng, che tao cac chi tiet, lap rip thinh tdng the miy Tien hanh in thii nghiem de dinh gia tmh nang ciia may duoc thiet ke
:!:*ss!!ca==:
Hmh 3 Quy trinh thiet ke, chi tgo may in 3D phdi)
3 HE THONG DAN DONG QUA TRINH
IN
Hinh 4, the hien he thdng dan ddng frinh m cua miy dugc thiet ke Dpng ca Iva
2 dan dpng dau in 11 tinh tien len xudng theo ISSN 0866 - 7056
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true Z thdng qua true vit v i true dan 8 va 9
Dau in dugc din dgng tinh tien theo true X bdi
ddng CO 5 thdng qua bd truyen dai 7 Bin in
10 chuyen ddng tinh tien theo true Y dpc true
din bdi ddng co 12 thdng qua bp truyen dai 6
Cac dpng CO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 va 12 la cac dpng co
NEMA 17 42H42HM-0504A-18 Ddng ca 3,
4 dugc su dung de dan dpng true cudn day vat
lieu nhira cho diu in
Miy dugc thilt k l cd diu m chuyen dpng tinh tiln theo cac true X, Z Ban dd cd gin ban gia nhiet chuyin dpng tinh tien theo true Y D I tinh toin cic bd phan tiep theo cua miy m, cic thdng sd dau vio cho qui frinh tiiilt k l bao gdm: Vit lieu in PLA, ABS; kich thudc m ldn nhit 310x310x250 mm; chilu day Idp in frong khoing tir 0.1 mm den 0.5 mm
Hinh 4 He thong dan dong qua tnnh in
^ ^ 1 ^ f f
Hinh 5 Cdu tgo bo phdn in
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Hinh 5, till hien ciu tao bd phan in bao
idm ddng ca dan ddng hue cudn vat lieu, dau
a, gia nhiet vat lieu m va bd phan Iam mat
tl dim bio nhiet dp diu in Bd phin in dugc
;in fren gia dd v i trugt fren true din d l thuc
lien chuyin ddng theo true X khi in Ddng ca
sIEMA 17 42H42HM-0504A-I8 dugc su dung
tl din dpng true cudn day
4 HE THONG DIEU KHIEN MAY IN
Hinh 6, thl hien he thdng dien difiu khiln may m Chuang trinh dieu khign tii may tinh dugc chuyen tcri board dieu khien N4KS Gen VI 4 thdng qua cdng USB hoac qua the nhd gin true tilp vdi board 06 ddng ca (true X,Y, 02 dpng ca cho chuyen dpng theo trye Z
v i 02 dpng CO dun nhua) Cic cim biln vi tri, nhiet dp, man hinh hien th; dupc ket ndi voi mach dilu khiln qua cic mach vio/ra tuong img
Cim bl(iiBhl^d.3 bin nhlft mr
C l B b t a nliifi 0,3 s i u In
• d^niir^c cn£i diy
Bo gb nhlec Slu to
Dong ttt Bong cff
irnc X trur V
Den chien i i n g
Hinh 6 Kit ndi board MKS GEN VI.4 t&i cdc thiit bi dieu khien
5 KET QUA
Hinh 7, the hien ket cau may in 3D
dugc thiet ke, che tao Phin mem Marlin dugc
nhdm nghien ciiu lira chgn su dung Iam phan
mem dieu khien miy in 3D Marlin li mdt
chuang trinh dugc viet tren nen Arduino cho
cac mach dieu khien may in 3D sii dung vi
dieu khien hp AVR cua hang Atmel Vdi mdi
thiet ke may in 3D, cin thiet lip cic thdng tin
sau: Thdng tin mach dieu khien; ten may in; sd
dau dim nhua; Ioai ngudn sir dung; cam bien
nhiet dp; thilt lap kilm fra dn dinh nhiet di diu dun; nhiet do tdi thilu cho phep; nhifit di tdi da cho phep; ddng dien cap cho bin nhiei thilt lap ngan chan su cd nhiet dp cho may in thilt lap kich thudc vimg in va tiiilt lip bp diei khiln LCD
Phin mim Repetier-Host VI.6.2 dug sir dung d l tao chuang trinh G-code cho ma
in 3D Cac thdng so fren phin mem Repetie Host phai dupc cai dat dimg vdi kit cau mayi 3D se sir dung
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Trang 5NGHIEN CLfU - TRAO DOI
Hinh 7 Mdy in 3D phdi mdu duac thiel ki, che tao
Cac thdng sd ky thuit cua miy in 3D
nhu sau:
- Cdng nghe in: FDM;
- Phuong i n dieu khien true: He true X, Y, Z;
- Vat lieu in: Nhua PLA, ABS;
- Nhiet do diu in: 80-250 do;
Kich thudc sin pham in ldn nhit:
310x310x250mm;
- Chilu diy ldp in: 0.1^0.5 mm;
- Sd lugng cudn nhua tdi da: 2 eugn
6 THU" NGHIEM MAY
V
Hinh 8 Cdc buac cita qud trinh in trin mdy in 3D
phoi mdu
Hinh 9: a) In coc dan mdu; b) In coc hai mdu
De danh gii cac tinh nang ciia may, qua trinh in thir nghi&m da dugc tien hanh vdi cac vit lieu in PLA, ABS Cic budc ciia qui trinh
in tren may in 3D nhu the hien fren hinh 8 [8] Thir nghiem miy vdi 2 che dp in: In don mau
v i in hai miu dugc the hien fren hinh 9
7 KET LUAN
Md hinh may 3D da dugc thiet ke, che tao Qua trinh in thir nghiem vdi vat lieu nhua PLA, ABS cho thiy kha nang boat ddng tdt ciia may, dat dugc muc tieu in phdi hai mau vdi nhau Mpt sd chi tiet dugc lap rap fren miy
in 3D da dugc che tao bang cdng nghe in 3D thay the cho viec sir dung cic cdng nghe gia cdng truyen thdng May in dan miu vdi mpt*^
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Trang 6NGHI§N CO'U-TRAO OOl
dau vio vit lieu da dugc nhdm nghien cuu che
tao thanh cdng [9], Bai bio trinh bay cac kit
qui ve thilt ke, che tao miy in 3D phdi miu
vdi hai dau vao vat lieu in theo phuong phap
in FDM thupc de tii cip bd ma sd
B2016-GHA-06 Miy in 3D phdi mau dat dugc cic
tinh nang ky thuat yeu cau
Nghien ciru nay dugc tai frg bdi Bd
Giao due va Dio tao thdng qua de tai ma sd
B2016-GHA-06.*:*
Ngiy nhin bii: 05/6/2017
Ngay phan bien: 20/6/2017
Tai liSu tham khao:
[1] Tran Nggc Hien, Tran Nggc Tu (2012); Tich
hop ky thual thiit ki nguac vd cong nghi
tgo mdu nhanh trong chi lao ca khi Tap chi
Khoa hpc va Cong nghe, Dai hpc Da Nang,
s6 10 (59)
[2]
[3]
[9]
Ali Kamrani, Emad Abouel Nar (2006),
Rapid prototyping: Theory and practice
Springer
Grzegorz Budzik (2011), The use ofthe rapid
prototyping method for the manufacture and examination of gear wheels, in Advanced applications of rapid prototyping technology
in modem engineering, InTech publisher
http://www.reprap.org
http://web.sfratasys.com
http ://www.3dsystems.com
http://www.zcorp.com
Hong Seok Park, Ngoc Hien Tran (2015),
Computer aided process planning for 3D printing, Joumal of the Korean Society of
Manufacturing Technology Engineers, 24 (2),pp.l48-154
Trin Ngpc Hiln, Bui Van Hung (2017);
Nghien ciru thiet ke vd chi tgo mdy in 3D-FDM, Tap chi Khoa hpc va Cong nghe Viet
Nam, sd 12 (1), frang 32-36
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