Một số kết quả nghiên cứu tính toán, thiết kế hệ khung ép của máy ép cọc thủy lực di chuyển kiểu bước lực ép 800 tấn

Viec nghiSn cuu h6 khung ep cua may ep cgc thiiy lire di chuyen kieu budc de lam ca sd cho viec thiet ke va che tao loai may nay trong nude la cin thiet.. Cdng trinh nghien ciru nay bao

M O T SO K E T QUA NGHIEN ClTU TINH TOAN, T H I E T KE HE KHUNG EP CUA MAY E P C Q C THUY LlTC DI CHUYEN KIEU BU"6'C LLTC EP 800 TAN

ThS NGUYEN N C Q C TRUNG

Bp mon Mdy xdy d^rng - Xep dd" Khoa Ca khi

Trudng Dgi hoc Giao tliong Van tai Tdm tdt: Bdi bdo gidi thieu mdt phdn kit qud nghien cuu thu duac cua lugn vdn Thac sy

hodn ihdnh nam 2012 tai trudng Dgi hoc Ky thuat vd Kinh te Budapest nhdm xdy dung ca sa khoa hpc cho viec chi Igo trong nude bp cdng tdc cua loai thiet bi nay

Summary: The report introduces some re.iearch results of the Master thesis, which was

defended in 2012 at Budapest University of Technology and Economics, to build the scientific bases for locally manufacturing the pressing platform of hydraulic pile pressing machine

1 D A T V A N D E

Hien nay d Viet Nam, vdi tdc dd dd thi hda

cao keo theo nhu cau phat trien nha cao tang

ngay cang tang tai cac dd thi Idn Do do, sd

lugng trang thiet bj va may moc phiic vu c6ng

tac thi cdng nen mdng cho cac cdng trinh nay

cung ngay cang nhieu Mdt trong nhung loai may

dang dugc su dung phd biSn d Vi?t Nam la may

ep cgc thiiy luc di chuy6n kieu budc Tuy nhien

hau het cac loai may nay deu dugc nhap ngoai va

cac don vj san xuat trong nude cung chua cd cac

ca sd khoa hgc de thiet ke, che tao lo^i may nay

Viec nghiSn cuu h6 khung ep cua may ep cgc

thiiy lire di chuyen kieu budc de lam ca sd cho

viec thiet ke va che tao loai may nay trong nude

la cin thiet

Cdng trinh nghien ciru nay bao gdm cac ndi

dung chinh la xac dinh ket cau khung ep bang

phan tir hii'u han, md phdng cac phan tir thiiy luc

cua he khung ep, nghien cuu dgng luc hgc

xylanh ep cgc

Trong pham vi bai bao nay chi xin trinh bay

cac ket qua nghien ciru tinh toan, thiet ke h8

khung ^p bang phuong phap phan tir hii'u han vdi

sir trg giiip cua phin mem Algor vl9 SPl (FEM PRO)

Hinh 1 Mdy ep coc thuy luc di chuyin budc f3f

I - Cabin 2 - Khung ep: 3 - Xylanh ep cpc;

4 - Cpc; 5 - Cdn; 6 - Hop kep coc;

7 - Cdn true: 8 - Thdn may;

y - Chdn di chuyen; 10 - Doi trpng

Tap chi KHOA H O C GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 44 - 12/2013

u NOI DUNG

I Khai niem may ep coc thuy lyc di chuyen budc

May ep cgc thuy luc di chuyen budc dugc sir dung phii hgp de ep cac loai cgc be tdng trdn, vudng, cgc chir H va cac coc be tong diic sin khac vdi cac mat nSn dit cdng, cat hoac nen sdi, tai cac khu vuc dugc quy djnh ve do dn va do rung cho phep nhu cac toa nha cu, cac khu dd thj ddng diic, may cdn cd kha nang nho cgc Ngoai ra, loai may nay cdn dugc trang bj them mdt can true thuy lire phuc vu cdng tac nang ha [1]

Nguyen ly boat dgng ciia may ep cgc thiiy luc di chuyen budc [4] (hinh 1 the hien cau tao tdng the ciia thiet bj)

Trudc tien cgc dugc cung cip cho may ep nhd mdt can true (7) dat tren may, cgc dugc dua vao hop kep coc (6) va dugc cd dinh d day nhd cac xylanh thiiy lire, sau dd cac xylanh ep cgc (3) sS day hop kep cgc di xudng de thuc hien qua trinh ep cgc vao nen dat Ket thiic mgt hanh trinh ep hop kep cgc (6) se nha cgc ra va dugc cac xylanh ep (3) keo len de tiep tuc mgt hanh trinh ep mdi De cd the di chuyen cac chan di chuyen ciia may se dugc dieu khien phdi hgp bang cac xylanh thuy luc dat dgc chan di chuyen, nhd do may cd the tien, liii va quay vdi gdc quay nhd

2 FhSn tich va lua chon ket cau khung ep

2.1 Khung ep dgng dan

1 ^1

2

<

>i

-Cpc

• Khung phii

- Xylanh ep

- Khung chinh

Hinh 2 Kit cdu khung ep dgng dan [2]

2.2 Khung ep dgng tru tron

t - Cpc

z - Xylanh ep

3 - Hop kep cpc

Hinh 3 Kit cdu khung ep tru iron f3J

* Vu diem: ket ciu dan gian, de che tao va

san xuat

* Nhirgc diem: chieu dai cgc ngin, lire ep tac dung len dau cgc nen de gay vd diu coc,

ap suit dau thap, su dn dinh cua kk ciu

khdng cao, hanh trinh ciia xylanh ep ngin

* U'u diem: chieu dai va tiet dien cgc Idn,

hanh trinh ciia xylanh ep dai, kk ciu don

gian de che tao, lap rap nhanh va dl dang, van chuyen dan gian

* Nhugc diem: sir dn dinh ciia ket ciu khdng cao

2.3 Khung ep dgng chii- U

* Cu diem; hanh trinh xylanh ep Idn, do dn

dinh cao, lap rap nhanh va de dang, van chuyen dan gian

* Nhuoc diem: che tao phuc tap, gia thanh cao, bao dudng khd khan

Hinh 4 Kit cdu khung ep dgng chir U [3f

2.4 Khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam

1- Xylanh ep 2- Ddm chinh 3- Chdl lien kil 4- Chdn da

* l/u diem: ap suat dau cao, hanh trinh xylanh ep Idn, kk cau don gian, dg dn dinh

ciia ket cau cao, lap rap nhanh va de dang, v^n chuyen de dang

* Nhu-gc diem: che tao ddi hdi do chinh xac cao

Hinh 5 Kit cdu khung ep dgng ddm

vdi xylanh ep nam tren f3J

2.5 Khung ep dgng ddm vdi xylanh ep nam dudi

too

Hinh 6 Kel cdu khung ep dang ddm

vdi xylanh ep nam dudi [3f

- Ddm chinh; 2 - Xylanh ep, 3 - Chdn da

* l/u diem: ket cau don gian cd do

dn dinh cao, van chuyen de dang

* Nhugc diem: hanh trinh xylanh

ep ngan che tao ddi hdi do chfnh xac cao

Bang viec phan tich, danh gia cac uu, nhirgc diem cua khung ep, chiing ta lua chgn ket cau khung ep dang dam vdi xylanh ep nam tren de tinh toan, md phdng va phan tich phan tu hiru han

3 Phan tich phan tu huu han khung 6p

3.1 Md hinh hinh hoc cua h^ khung ep

- Ket ciu he khung ep bao gom cac chan dd (5) phia dudi dirge lien ket vdi phan than may bang lien ket han, phan tren lien ket vdi dam chinh (2) bang cac chdl lien ket (3), ben tren dam chinh la cac xylanh ep (1) dugc lien ket bang cac buldng Hop kep cgc (4) se dugc ep xudng nhd cac xylanh ep va dugc dan hudng bdi 4 chan dd Kich thudc bao hinh hgc ciia he khung ep:

HxLxW = 6275x2610x1760 [mm], cac dac trung

hinh hgc the hien mat cit ciia khung ep dugc Xhh

hien trong [3] Md hinh 3D kht cau khung ep (hinh

7) dugc md phdng bang phin mhm Pro

ENGINEER

- Do he khung ep gdm hai khung ep chir U

ddi xung nhau (hinh 7), nen trong qua trinh tinh

toan, md phdng va phan tich chung ta chi can xac

djnh cho mdt ben khung ep

3.2 Dgc diem vdt lieu

Vat li?u ma chung ta chgn cho cac phin tu

ciia khung epdSu la thep A1SI1005 cd cac dac tinh

nhu sau:

Bdng I Bang dgc tinh vgt lieu ciia cdc phdn tu

ctia khung ep

TT

I

2

3

4

5

Cac phan tir

ciia khung ^p

Dam chinh

Chan de ben phai

Chan da ben Irai

Chot lien ket phai

Ch6tlien kat trai

IMddun

aitn hSI

|IV1Pa|

200000

200000

200000

200000

200000

H^ s6 Poisson

0,29 0.29

0.29

0.29

0.29

Willi 7 Mi liinh lii Ithuns 'P Pi

I - Xylanh ep 2 - Dam chinh;

- Ciiol lien lih; 4 - Hgp kep cpc: 5 - Chan 3i

I'M

e^r*,

fi; i

i-4^

', 'i'

» i « ^

a

Hinh 8 Bdn ve ky ihudt he khung ep 3.3 Cdc trirang hop to hap tdi trong

- Trudng hgp I (hai xy lanh ep chinh hoat ddng): khi dd luc tac dung ciia xylanh len mo

ben khung ep la 2000 kN phan bd deu tren mat bich lap ghep xylanh

- Trudng hgp 2 (ca bdn xy lanh ep hoat ddng ddng thdi): khi do lire tac dung ciia ciiE xylanh len mdt ben khung ep la 4000 kN phan bd deu tren hai mat bich lip ghep xylanh

- Trudng hgp 3 (thuc hien nhd cgc): xylanh chinh se tac dung vao mgt ben khung ep vd luc nen 2000 kN

- Dieu kien bien ciia cac trudng hgp tren: He khung ep dugc lien ket ban vdi than may vd chieu dai dudng han la 1 in

3.4 Sa do hda ket cdu khung ep

Phin dudi chan khung ep lien kk han vdi than may vdi chieu dai 1000 [m], nen phan char

khung ep chii yeu chju tai tir vi tri han dSn chdt lien ket vdi dam chinh la 2010 [mm] Tir hinl^

dgng kht ciu khung ep d tren chirng ta cd duac cac so do tinh cho cac trudng hgp t^i trgng ung

vdi cac qua trinh lam viec ciia may nhu sau:

Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S 6 4 4 - 12/201

wMM

Hinli 9 Trudng hgp ep cpc

vdi hai xylanh ep chinh

Hinh 10 Trudng hap ep cpc vdi bdn xylanh ep Hinh 11 Trudng hap nho cpc 3.5 Phdn tich phdn tir hieu hgn

De xac dinh ndi lire ben trong khung ep trong cac qua trinh lam viec, tdi su dung chuang trinh phan tich phin tir hiJu han Algor vl9 SPl (FEM PRO) Qua trinh phan tich cy th^ nhu sau:

Sy tao ludi va s6 lugng cac phin tir dua tren md hinh md phdng 3D d tren

Kich cd phan tir: 24 mm

Loai phan tir: hinh lap phuang va kim tu thap

Tdng phin tir: 131088

Tdng nut: 133751

3.5 L Trudng hup ep cac vdi hai xylanh ep chinh

fl

3.5.2 Trudng hgp ep cgc vdi hai xylanh ep chinh

Hinh 12 Mo hinh sau khi dugc tao ludi, dgt lire

vd dieu kien bien ctia trudng hap 1

3.5.3, Trudng hgp nhd cgc

Hinh 13 Md hinh sau khi dugc Igo ludi, dgt lifc

vd dieu kien bien cua trudng hgp 2

Hinh 14 M6 hinh sau khi duac tao ludi dgt li.vc

vd dieu kiin bien cua trirang hap 3

3.6 Cdc kit qua thu dirge sau khi phdn tich phdn tir hiru hgn

3.6.1, Trudng hgp ep cgc vdi hai xylanh ep chinh

•

T^

Hinh 15 Ung sudl long

trong trudng hap diing 2 xylanh ep fMPa]

3.6.2 Trudng hap ep cgc vdi bdn xylanh dp

Hinh 16 Chuyen vi theo phuang Y trong trudng hap diing 2 xylanh ep fmm]

Hmh 17 U'ng sudl tdng

trong trudng hop diing 4 xylanh ep fMPaf

3.6.3 Tnrong hgp nho cgc

Hinh 18 Chuyen v/ theo phuang Y-trong trudng hgp dimg 4 xylanh ep fmmf

n Hmh 19 U'ng sudl long

trong trudng hgp nhd cpc fMPaf Hinh 20 Chuyen vj theo phuang Y n

trong trudng hgp nhd cpc fmm]

I tdng hgp ung_suat va chuyen vj thu dugc trong cac trudng hgp may lam viec nhu sau:

Biuig 2 u'ng sudl Idn nhat xuat hien irong cdc phdn tu

Cng suat l™ nhat |MPa]

iTng suat cho phep: 350 llVIPaj

Chan da phai

Chan da trai

Diim chinh

Chot lien ket phai

Chot lien ket trai

Cac tru-ffna hoTJ kiem tra

Ep vol 2 xylanh 98,88 222,52 196,96 12,59 24,08

Ep voi 4 xvlanh 256,24 283,15 340,88 35,29 34,25

Nho coc

98,88 222,52 196,73 12,60 24,08

.—^ —_^;:^

Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 44 - 12/2013

Bang 3 Chuyen vi tan nhdl xudl hi^n irong cdc phdn lu ciia Idiung ep irong cdc Iruang hgp lam viec

Chuyen vi lo^n nhat

trong cac phan tir [mml

Chan da phai

Chan d5 trai

Dam chinh

Chot lien ket phai

Chot lien ket trai

Cac trirtyng htfp kiem tra

Ep vol 2 xylanh 0,46 0,79 1,04 0,15 0,24

Ep vol 4 xylanh 1,24 1,24 1,38 0,4 0,4

Nho coc 0,46 0,79 1,04 0,15 0,24 Nhan xet:

- Tir cac hinh va bang sd lieu tren chiing ta thay rang phan tu dam chinh cua hS khung ep

cd ung suat va chuyen vj Idn nhit (a,nax = 340,88 [MPa], 5y = 1,38 [mm]) tai mat cit giiJa dim irng vdi trudng hgp ep vdi ca 4 xylanh ep

- Nai tap trung ung suit chii ySu tai mat bich lien ket cac xylanh ep va cac vi tri lien kk

han giij-a cac chan d& va than may

III.KETLU^N

Phan tinh toan, thiet ke ket cau thep he khung ep ma tdi da tien hanh dat dugc mdt so ket qua sau day:

1 Da phan ti'ch dugc cac loai ket cau khung ep khac nhau tir dd dua ra ket cau khung ep phii hgp de tien hanh md phdng 3D k8t cau bang phan mem Pro ENGINEER

2 02 tien hanh xac djnh cac trudng hgp lam viec ciia may nham xac djnh cac dieu kien cho viec phan tich phan tir hiru ban ket cau khung ep Sau dd, sir dung phan mem Algor vl9 SPl (FEM PRO) de phan tich ket cau va da nhan dugc cac ket qua the hien cac diem lam viec bat Igi ciia khung ep, cung nhu thay dugc ket cau md hinh dua ra dam bao dugc kha nang chju luc va dap img dugc nhu cau cdng viec ciia may Cac ket qua nghien cdu d tren cd the sir dyng lam tai li?u CO ich cho viec chi tao may ep cgc tTnh di chuyfin budc tai Viet Nam

Tai li|u tham khao

[ I ] Arcelor Milial: Installation of steel sheet piles, Luxembourg Publisher, 2004

[2] MddliJozsef- Gemes Jdzsef: Epitogepek II (Melyepitoipari'gdpek) Tank6nyvkiad6, Budapest, 1986 [3] Nguyin Ngoc Trung: Luan yfln thac sj Thiit ki khung ep ciia mdy ep cgc thuy lye di chuyen ki^u

budc luc ^p 800 Tan, Budapest 2012

[4] SUNWARD Intelligent Equipment: ZYJ 800H Operator's manual*

Phan bien: PGS TS Dd Vi|t DQng

Tap chi KHOA H Q C GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 44 - 12/2013