Nghiên cứu đề xuất công thức tính toán mô đen cản tác dụng lên gầu khoan của máy khoan cọc nhồi lắp trên các cần trục bánh xích

NGHIEN CUtJ DE XUAT CONG THlTC TINH TOAN MOMEN CAN TAC DUNG LEN c A u KHOAN CUA MAY KHOAN COC NHOI LAP TREN C A N TRUC BANH XICH PGS.. DOAN VAN TU Bg m6n Mdy x&y dirng - Xep Id Tnrdng

NGHIEN CUtJ DE XUAT CONG THlTC TINH TOAN MOMEN CAN TAC DUNG LEN c A u KHOAN CUA MAY KHOAN COC NHOI

LAP TREN C A N TRUC BANH XICH

PGS TS NGUYEN VAN V|NH PGS TS V C I T H E L O C ThS DOAN VAN TU

Bg m6n Mdy x&y dirng - Xep (Id Tnrdng Dgi hpc Giao thdng Vtin liu

Tom tdt: Bdi bdo trinh bdy nhirng kit qua thu duac khi nghien cihi, de xudt cong thuc linh todn momen cdn tdc dung lin gdu khoan ciia mdy khoan cpc nhdi Idp tren cdn true hdnh xich

Summary: The report presents research results on the proposing a formula lo calculate

drag torque of rotary drill when this equipment working

I D A T V A N D E

Hi?n nay d nudc ta, trong cdng tac thi cdng nen mdng cdng trinh, dac biet li cic cdng trinh giao thdng, ngudi ta chii yeu sii dyng cac loai may khoan cpc nhdi de khoan tao cpc Vdi nhu cau sii dung may Idn va gii thanh cac loai miy nhap la kha cao nen viec ehe tao eac loai may nay la rat can thiet

Mpt trong nhiing khd khan khi tinh toan, thiet ke la cdng thirc de tinh mdmen cin ciia gau cdn thieu trong cac tai lieu chuyen nginh de phuc vu qua trinh che tao bd cdng tac ciia may khoan cpc nhdi lap tren can tryc binh xich d trong nudc Vi vay, de tai khoa hpc va cdng nghe

d p Bp MS: B2011-04-01 da nghien cuu, dh xuit cdng thiic tinh toan mdmen can tac dung len

giu va npi dung chi tiet dupc trinh biy d phan tiep theo trong bii bio nay

II NOI DUNG NGHIEN CL U

1 Gidi thieu may khoan cpc nhoi lap tren can true IHI DCH800

Chiing tdi lira chpn mdt loai may khoan cpc nhoi phd bi8n la may khoan cpc nhoi IHI DCH800 dl nghien ciiu Hinh I th6 hi?n cau tao tdng th6 ciia miy Bp cdng tac eiia nd gdm: Gia khoan, thanh kelly, mam khoan, khdp ndi thanh kelly, mam khoan vi cac xi lanh ChiSu sau khoan H = 85 m, dudng kinh gau khoan D = 2 m, mdmen khoan M = 15 Tm

Nguyen Iy boat ddng ciia may nhu sau: Ngudn ddng lire chinh tir ddng ca diesel se din dpng cho he bcmi thuy luc lam viec Tir day, dau thiiy luc cd ap sudt cao dupc e^p cho cac ddng

CO vi xi lanh thiiy Iuc ciia may Trong qua trinh khoan, ngudi lai miy digu khiSn cac xi lanh (5, 6) h? bp cdng tac khoan, dinh tam gau (1) vao vj tri khoan, liic nay gau quay, ddt dugc cit va tfch vao g4u Khi da dii lugng dit, ngudi lai may dieu khi8n tdi ciia he thanh Kelly (3) nang giu

2 0 Tap chi KHOA HOC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S6 43 - 09/2013

Ien, quay may vi do dat ra ngoii Qua trinh lam viec dupc lap lai cho den khi khoan tdi dp sau

thiet ke Trong qui trinh khoan cd the sis dung dung djch vira set hoic dng vach de dn dinh

thanh Id khoan Cau tao ciia gau khoan the hien tren hinh 2

2 Tinh momen can tie dung len gau

Chiing tdi tinh mdmen cin tic dung len gau vdi gau cd dudng kinh ^ = 1580 mm vi dudng

kinh md rpng (j) = 1700 mm (ke ea ludi eat md rdng) Day la loai gau dang thi cdng tai cau Cii Ldn - Kien Giang va eung la loai gau ma nhdm tic gii da lira chpn khi tinh toan thiet ke cac bp phan khac

Gau dugc dimg de thi cdng cic loai dat cip III IV V (dugc phan loai theo bang 1-6, TL[1]), vdi cic luc cin rieng: K = 1,3 (kG/em"); 2,5 (kG/cm"): 3,2 (kG/cm") Dd la cac loai dit gdm: A set chat, set am hoac rdi than da mem, a set nang pha sdi, set bao hda lan di vun, than

da Cling vira

Sau khi phan tich dieu kien lim viec

ciia gau, nhdm tic gii de xuit cdng thiic

tinh mdmen cin tic dung Ien gau trong qui

trinh lam viec nhu sau:

Y,M^My+M^_+M.+M^+M^+M^ (1)

Trong dd:

V M - Tdng mdmen cin len giu;

Ml - Md men can thuin tuy: Md men

nay la do he ludi cat d day gau sinh ra; Mi

= const (neu tang dat ddng nhat);

Ml - Md men can trong qua trinh tich

dat day gau M2 = 0 - max ;

M.1 - Md men cin do giu khoan quay

trong dung djch bim, set M_i = const;

Mi - Md men can do cic ludi cat ben

thanh gau khoan (ludi cat md rdng 16

khoan); M4 = const;

Ms - Md men can sinh ra do ma sit

eiia diy gau va Idp dat d day hd khoan ;

M5 = 0 - max ;

M(, - Md men can do ma sit trong 6 bi

quay mam khoan M(, = min -^ max ;

Hiidi I Cdu tgo Mdy khoan coc nhoi IHI DCH800

1 - Gdu khoan 2 - Mdm khoam; 3 - Thanh Kelly

4 - Gid khoan: 5 6- Xi lanh diiu chinh gid khoan:

7 - Cdn true ca 'ia

Sa dd tinh cic mdmen cin thinh phan tac dung len gau nhu hinh 2

2.1 Tinh cac momen can thanh phan tac dung len gau

2.1.1 Tntdng hap 1 Khi bit diu dao xong giu diu tien, khi do trong bieu thiic (1) khdng

cd thanh phin cin M3

a) Tinh momen cdn cdt ddt M,

Dua theo cdng thdc cua N.G.Dombrovski - TL [I], sau khi bien ddi, chiing tdi de xuit cdng thiic xic dinh md men can dao thuin tiiy cddang nhusau: M, = R".K.C (2) Trong do: K - He sd cin dao thuin tiiy, K = 1,3 -^ 2,5 (kG/cm^); C - Chieu diy phoi dat tdi

da vdi a = 30° thi C = 15 cm; R - Ban kinh

gau •r-'-iF ~^'

b) Tinh momen cdn tich ddt M}

Tinh cdng nang khoi dit trong gau khi

day bang phuong phap nang lugng ta cd:

Trong dd:

H - Chieu cao giu; p - Ty trpng dit

c) Tinh momen cdn khoet day 16 M4

De tinh M4 chiing tdi sir dung cdng

thirc ciia N.G.Dombrovski ap dung cho

trudng hpp nay nhu sau:

Luc cit Po,: pQi =2.K.B.C

Mdmen can khoet diy Id:

Hinh 2 Cdc thdnh phdn luc vd mo men tdc dung ten gdu

Trong do:

C - Dp day phoi dit md rpng, C = D,-D„ , mdi phan ludi cit md rdng la R =

Dy - Dudng kinh gau khoan; D| - Dudng kinh Id khoan;

B Be rpng phan ludi md rdng; R Canh tay ddn ciia mdi ludi cit, R

-d) Tinh mdmen cdn ma sal ddy gdu Mj

Luc ty day gau xudng hd khoan cd the xiy ra trong 2 trudng hpp:

- Trudng hgp 1: Cip treo long

Luc ty day gau trong trudng hgp khi chi treo 4 thanh kelly tacd:F3 = G^ +G^ +Gf

Vay mdmen cin ma sat diy gau: Mj = R-F^f (5) Trong do:

Go - Trgng lupng giu; Gd - Trpng lupng dit; GK - Trpng lupng cic thanh Kelly ; R - Ban

kinh gau khoan; f- He sd ma s i t

- Trudng hpp 2: Cap treo du thing lire PQT

Theo cdng thiic tinh Iuc can dao thing gdc vdi quy dao dao ciia Dombrovski thi lire ty diy

giu trong tnrdng hpp 2 la: F|j = PQ^ = ii/.P(,|

Vay mdmen can ma sat day gau: Mj = R.F^.f (5') Trong do:

y - He so ty le thuc nghiem giiia Poi va PQI: \\I = 0,3;

Poi - Luc can dio tiep tuyin ldn nhit, /J,, = —^^^SL ;

Trong 2 trudng hgp nay, theo tinh toin thi trudng hpp I khi cap treo long thi mdmen cin se

ldn han

e) Tinh mo men cdn ma sdt trong 6 bt Mf,

Theo cdng thiic 5-74, TL[3], mdmen can quay cua he thanh Kelly khi mang gau khoan day

dit la: M^ = H.^L.-^ + H.^i.^- + V ^ ^ (6) Trong dd:

H - Luc ngang tic dung len d bi;

V - Luc thing dung tac dung Ien d bi Idn nhit ldn nhit (luc V nhd nhit khi Gd = 0), gdm:

V = GQ + Gj, + G^ + Gj Vdi: GG - Trpng lupng giu (kG); GK - Trpng lupng cic thanh Kelly

(kG)GT - Trpng lugng true chinh va vanh rang (kG); Gd - Trpng lupng dat trong gau (kG)

d| = d2=dv-Dudng kinh trung binh ciia vanh d; | i - He sd ma sit trong d

2.1.2 Tru-dng hgp 2: Gin kk thiic qua trinh dio (dp sau H « 85 m), khi dd trong cong thirc

(1) cd diy du 6 thinh phin can

Mdmen can khuay bim Mi duac xic dinh theo Cdng thii'c Newton: P = —.v F

g Trong dd: Y - Ty trpng biin bentonit; v - Tdc dp tiep tuySn vat cin khuiy?t const; F - Dien

tich cin khuay; g - Gia tdc trpng trudng

Luc can khuiy bim ti6p tuy§n vdi vd giu khoan cd th6 khdng xet vi qua nhd vdi ly do: Bun khoan cd tinh nhdt, vd gau khoan nhin tron Luc can khuay phu thudc nhieu vao v mi v 7^ const nen phii vi phan timg phin dien tich chiu khuay F dan den vi phan ci luc can khuay theo

R gau khoan Sau do, ti'ch phan lai de khai trien

Vi phan dien tich cin khuiy: dF = C.dx

X - khoang each tir tim quay, 0 - dF

C - Chigu rdng quy k6t ban khuiy theo thiet ke giu khoan C = 30 (cm) x 3 (canh khuiy)

Tdc dp tiep tuyen diem khuay dang xet: Vj^ = (O.K

Viy: dP = ^.cD-.x-.C.dx t> P = f dP = -.Cor.—

g i g 3

Lyc P dupc dat tren hin khuiy each tam quay giu 1 doan Xn va lay tich phin eiia chiing se la:

R

Mj - Md men can khuiy biin: Mj ^ \^^^ ~ ^0^

Qua thay the ta dupc:

Suy ra:

3 3

1 ^—R ->a)Xn = Vn =—toR ' 4 " " 4

M, - ^.C.o)' f xMx = ^.C.co' —

g ;^ g 4

2.2 Tdng hop ket qua momen can quay gau

Vdi cac sd lieu cu the, ddi vdi giu khoan cd kich thudc nhu da trinh biy d phan tren nhdm tac gii di tinh toin va cd ket qua nhu sau:

* Vdi k = 2,5 kG/cm^ ta cd bang ket qua:

CAc trird'ng htfp

Tnrimg hop 1:

(VcSricipdItlll)

Tru6ng hop 2:

(VAi cip dit IV)

Truimg hgp 3:

(V6i cap dit V)

M, (Tm)

1,2168

1,7787

2,34

M,(Tm)

0,3719

0.3719

0,3719

MjCTm) 0,000396

0,000396

0,000396

M, (Tm) 0,1326

0,1938

0,255

Ms (Tm) 1.781

1,781

1,781

M (Tm)

0.0604

0.0604

0.0604

XM(Tm) 3.5633

4,1862

4,8087

* Vcri k = 3,2 kG/cm^ ta co b a n g ket qua:

Cac t r u i n g hg'p

Truimg hgp 1:

(Voi cip dit 111)

Truong hgp 2:

(Vcri cip dit IV)

Trif&ng hgp 3;

(Voi cip dit V)

M, (Tm)

1,2168

2,106

2,9957

M; (Tm) 0,3719

0,3719

0,3719

Mi(Tm) 0,000396

0,000396

0.000396

M4 (Tm) 0,1326

0,2295

0,3264

Ms (Tm) 1,583

1,583

1,583

M, (Tm) 0,0604

0,0604

0,0604

I M ( T m ) 3,3987

4,3848

5,3714

HL KET LUAN

Viec xay dung cong thuc tinh mdmen can tic dung len giu khoan d6 phuc vu qua trinh tinh toan, thiet ke, che tao trong nudc bp cdng tic cua thiet bj la rat cin thiet

Tir ket qua nghien ciiu nghien ciiu thu dupc nhdm tac gia cd ket luan nhu sau:

- Gii tri mdmen cin do giu khoan quay trong dung djch biin, set (M^ = 0,000396) qua nhd nen ed thi bd qua Cdng thire Newton trong su dung thuc te can cd them he so di6u ehinh p Cu the, theo Borodanhep: P = p.—.v^.F He sd p cang ldn neu v cing nhd, vdi n = 10 v/ph din 80

g v/ph thi p = 12 d8n 8 Tuy nhien, nSu ta liy p vi gia thiet p = 10 thi tri sd M3 vira tinh tren cung khdng cd y nghTa gi dang ke

- Khi tinh mdmen can ma sat day gau M5 thi trudng hgp cap treo ldng cd gia tri cin Idn hem

so vdi trudng hpp cap treo dii thang luc can dao phap tuyen PQI

- Cic gia trj tdng mdmen cin khi tinh toan Iy thuyet vdi cic cap dat khac nhau so vdi cac gii tri thuc nghiem do dat tren may khoan IHIDCH800 cd kit qua tuang ddi phii hgp da dugc trinh biy trong bai bao [4]

- Cdng thiic dupc de xuit cd the lam co sd ban diu cho viec nghien ciru ve luc can ciia dat trong qua trinh thi cdng ciia may khoan cpc nhdi loai khac

Tlii lieu tham khao

[1] VuThfiLoc, Maylimdit, NXB Giao thSng Van tai, nam 1998

[2] Nguyin Binh, May thi cong chuyen diing, NXB Giao thong Van lai, nam 2005

[3] Nguyin Van Hgp May true - van chuyln, NXB Giao thong Van lai nam 1998

[4] PGS TS Nguyen Van Vmh, ThS Nguyin Van Thuyen "Nghien ciru thuc nghiem xac djnh cac thdng s6 CO bin ciia bo c6ng tic khoan cpc nhoi lip irin cin true banh xich" Tap chi GTVT, so 3/2013 •

Phan bign: PGS TS Thai Ha Phi