Phiitfng p h a p n g h i e n cufu Ap dung phifdng phap nghien ciiu thuc nghiem ddn ye'u td de nghien ciiu anh hifdng rieng cua mpt sd' thong so': nhiet dp ddng khi say T "C, td'c do chuy
Trang 1www.hua.edu.vn
MOT SO KET QUA NGHIEN CQU T H I I T KE HE THONG THIET Bj SAY VAI QUA THEO PHUf0NG PHAP PHOI HOP DOI LUU VA BlTC XA NHIET
Iran Nhir Khuygn*, Ph^m Dire Nghia, Ho^ng Xuan Anh, Ng6 Thi Hi^n,
Le Huy Thirffng, Trirong Thi Toin
Khoa CoDi§n, Truong Dai hQC Nong nghiep Hd Ngi
Email: trannhukhuyen@yahoo.com Ngay giri bai: 04.04.2012 Ngay chip nhan: 14.06.2012
TOM TAT
Hp thong thiet bi say vai qua theo phuong phap phoi hpp doi luu va buc xg nhipt SV-1,0 dup'c thiet
ke va che tgo tgi Bp mon Thiet bj bao quan vS che bien ndng san khoa Cff Dipn trudng Dpi hpc Ndng phuang phap phdi hp^p doi luu va buc xg nen da nang cao hipu qua truyen nhipt cho vpt lipu say Ket qua thi nghipm da xac djnh dupc mi>c dO anh hu'dng cua nhipt dp vS toe dp ddng khi sly mgt dp vgt lipu trong
nhien lipu rieng So vdi mpt so hp thdng say thdng dpng trong san xuat he thong say SV-1,0 cd uu di\em:
thdi gian say 70.5h chi bing 55,7% so vdi Id say thu cong, bang 94% so vdi thiet bj say cai tien; dg khfl khdng deu cua san phim say la 2.1% giam 2,2% so vdi Id say thu cong va 1,6% so vdi thiet bj say cai thiet bi say cai tien vai qua khd chat lu'p'ng tot, hinh dang va mau sac dpp
Tu khda: Buc xa nhipt, chi phi nhien lipu rieng, doi luu, say vai qua
Research Results on Designing Drying System for Litchi
Using Combined Thermal Convection and Radiation Method
ABSTRACT Equipment system SV-1.0 for drying litchi by combining convection and radiation method has been designed and manufactured at Department of Agricultural products Processing and Storage, Faculty of Engineering, Hanoi University of Agriculture, This drying system has simple structure and the heat are supplied by combining thermal convection and radiation method As a result, heat transfer effect was material heterogeneity of dried product and specific fuel consumption was identified In comparison with common drying systems being used, the drying system SV-1.0 has several advantages: drying time was reduced (70.5 hours), equal to 55.7% of manual drying ovens and 94% of improved drying equipmen The heterogeneity of dned product is 2.1%, reduced by 2 2% in companson with manual drying oven and by 1.6% with the improved drying equipment Specific fuel consumption is 0.45kg of coal for 1kg of dried product, equal lo 46.1% of manual drying oven and 74% of the improved drying equipment The dried litchi product has good quality with nice shape and colour
Keywords: Drying system for litchi, specific fuel consumption, radiation methed, thermal convection
Trang 21 DAT VAN DE
Vai thieu la loai cay an qua quy c6 gia
tri kinh te va dinh dudng cao, dUdc coi la
vua trai cay d cac nUdc nhiet ddi 6 nudc ta
cay vai ditdc coi la cay chu IiJc trong vudn,
dien tich va san lUdng vai qua khdng ngiing
tang len Dac diem ciia vai qua la thdi gian
thu hoach rat ngSn (35 - 40 ngay), lai rat
de h\I hdng bdi thdi tiet ning ndng, mUa
nhieu trong vu thu hoach do tieu thu khdng
kip nen vai qua thiJdng dUdc sd'y khd de keo
dai thdi han bao quan Mat khac, vai qua
khd hien nay dang diidc coi nhiJ la san pham
thay the' cho vai qua tifdi khi trai vu do c6
hifdng vi thdm ngon dac trKng, do vdy nhu
cau tieu thu loai vai qua kho lien tuc tang
tren thi tritdng qu6'c te' (Nguyen Manh Dung,
2001; Hoang Quang Sang, 2010) De nang
cao chd't lUdng vai qua kh6 xuat khau, mpt s6'
cd sd san xuat, cac vien, tnidng dai hpc da
nghien ciiu thiet ke che tao thie't bi say vai
qua va da gop phan nang cao chat lUdng
san pham nhif: thiet bi sa'y vai qua cai tien
SVQ-1 cua Trifdng Dai hpc Ndng nghiep Ha
Npi, diing tac nhan sS'y la khdi 16 (cd ldp
them bd phan lpc bui va xb ly khdi), thie't bi
say SRQ-12 cua Vien Cd Dien nong nghiep
va Cong nghe sau thu hoach dung tac nhan
say la khdng khi difdc dd't ndng qua calorife
kie'u khi- khoi, (Pham Thi Minh Hue,
Tran Nhif Khuyen, 2010) Tuy nhien, do
con nhieu ban che' nhif: chat lUdng san
pham khdng on dinh, chi phi nhien lieu, chi
phi dau tif mua sSm thie't bi, chi phi cho
viec bao tri va siia chiia Idn nen cac cd sd
san xuat khd chap nhan Thuc te hien nay,
phan Idn vai qua v i n difdc lam khd trong
hang tram Id say thii cdng diing triic tie'p
khdi 16 lam tac nhan say nen nhieu me say
cd chat liidng rat k6m, khong tieu thu dddc
va nhieu Id hang xuat khau do khong dat
tieu chu^n chat liidng phai tra ve hoac chiu
cho ngifdi san xua't Vi vay viec nghien ciiu thie't ke' cai tie'n thie't bi say vai qua nh&m tao ra san pham say cd chat lifdng cao, cau tao
dOn gian gia thanh ha, giam chi phi cho qua
trinh say de cd the trien khai ap dung rpng rai trong san xuat la van de rat cap thie't Dudi day trinh bay mpt so' ke't qua cdu thiet ke' he tho'ng thie't bi say vai qua theo phupng phap phdi hdp doi lilu va bdc xa nhiet
2 VAT LIEU VA PHUONG P H A P 2.1 Vat lieu nghiSn ciJfu Vai qua trong d Luc Ngan tinh Bac Giang c6 difdng kinh trung binh 1,8 -2,5cm, chieu dai trung binh 3,2-3,8 cm, khdi lifdng trung binh 22 -25g Thanh phdn hoa hpc ciia vai qua tUdi difdc Vien Nghien ciiu Rau qua phan tich nam 2011 gom: ham lifdng nudc 81,65%, ham lifdng difdng tdng s6' 75,96%, ham lifdng acid 1,54%, ham lifdng vitamin C 68,99mg/100g Mat dp vai qua xe'p trong budng say 120-200kg/m^, tifdng difdng vdi khoi lUdng 0,723 - l,205ta'n Vai qua difdc budc thanh tifng chum tii cd khoi lUdng trung binh 2,5 kg, dUdng kinh trung binh 18 - 2Gcm va difdc treo tren cac thanh treo thanh tiing hang, khoang cac giu!a cac hang c6 the thay doi difdc tuy theo tiing me say
2.2 Phiitfng p h a p n g h i e n cufu
Ap dung phifdng phap nghien ciiu thuc nghiem ddn ye'u td de nghien ciiu anh hifdng rieng cua mpt sd' thong so': nhiet dp ddng khi say T ("C), td'c do chuyen dpng ciia dong khi say v (m/s) va mat dp vat li^u trong budng say M (kg/m^ de'n dp kho khdng deu cua san pham say K (%), diem tong hdp chat liidng san ph&m say Q (d) va chi phi nhien lieu rieng N, (kg than/kg SPK)
Cac thong so' nghien cdu cua thie't hi say difdc xac dinh nhif sau:
Trang 3- Nhiet dp ddng khi say dupc xac dinh
bang thiet bi do dien tb hien sd ma hieu
SGK-MF-904 (Hong Kong), khoang do am
40''Cden200''C, saisd±0,5''C
- Td'c dp chuyen dong cua ddng khi say
difdc xac dinh b i n g may do td'c dp gio dien
tii hien so', ma hieu AR 863 (hang SMART
SENSOR Hong K6ng), khoang do 0-25m/s,
sai so'3%
- Mat dp v&t lieu trong buong SEty diidc
xac dinh bang ty so' giO khoi lUdng vai qua
xe'p trong budng say vdi the tich budng say
- Dp am cua san pham say difdc xac
dinh bang may do Data Holp MC-7805
(Trung Qud'c), khoang do tif 0 - 50 %, sai so'
i 0,1 % Day la loai thie't bi do hien dai, cd
dau cam bien nhiet dp va dp dm difdc cam
sau vao trong khdi vat lieu cin do va nhiet
dp va dp am ciia vat lieu trong budng say
dupc hien thi s6' len man hinh ciia thie't bi
do dat b ngoai buong say
- Dp kho khong deu cua san pham say
difdc xac dinh theo hd sd' bie'n dgng ciia cac
mau san pham say d cac vi tri khac nhau
trong budng say va dupc tinh theo cong
thiic:
o- do lech chuan difdc xac dinh:
Z(w,-w.)
(2)
W, - dp am cua mau vai qua phan tich, %,
W„ - dp am qui dinh doi vdi vai qua sau
khi s^'y, %
n- so' lifdng mau phan tich
Diem tong hdp chat lUdng san
phara difdc xac dinh bang phifdng phap cam
- Chi phi nhien lieu difdc xac dinh bang
ty sd' giiia lifdng nhien lieu tieu thu cho mpt
me say vdi lifdng san ph&m khd thu difdc sau khi say
- Thdi gian sd'y la khoang thdi gian thiic hien mot me difdc tinh tit thdi diem khi bat d i u say cho de'n khi vai qua dat dp
am 20% va difdc xac dinh bang ddng hd do thdi gian thdng dung
- Ham lifdng dUdng tong s6' va ham lifdng vitamin C difdc xac dinh bang phifdng phap sac ky tai Vien Nghien cdu Rau qua
De tie'n hanh nghien cifu thuc nghiem ddn ye'u to", cac thi nghiem difdc bd tri nhU sau: 5 thi nghiem xac dinh anh hudng cua nhiet dp say vdi cac mile: 60; 65; 70; 75; SO^C, 5 thi nghiem xac dinh anh hifdng cua tac nhan say vdi cac mdc: 0,4; 0,6; 0,8; 1,0; l,2m/s va 5 thi nghiem xac dinh anh hudng cua mdt dp vat lieu sa'y vdi cac miic: 120; 140; 160; 180; 20Dkg/m^
Mau phan tich chat lifdng san pham sa'y (dp khd khong deu ciia san ph^m say, ham lifdng difdng, vitamin C) co kho'i lifdng 190-200g (khoang 30-32 qua vai kho) dUdc la'y ra tii mdu h6n hdp cd kh6i lifdng khoang 3kg (tdp hdp ciia 15 mSu diem cl 3 tang, mdi tang 5 diem), sau do tien hanh giam khdi lifdng bang phifdng phap chia cheo, ham lifdng difdng tong so' va ham lUdng vitamin C difdc xac dinh bang sdc ky tren thie't hi chuyen dung
3 KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1 K^t qua nghien ciifu thiet ke hg thong thiet bi say
He tho'ng sa'y vai qua (ky hieu SV-1,0) difdc thie't ke' va che' tao tai Bp mon Thiet bi bao quan va ehd' bie'n ndng san khoa Cd
Trang 41
\
"N
4
6 6
reY~
i
s ;
\ 1
H i n h 1 Sc* do h e tho'ng t h i e t b; say vai q u a SV-1,0
1- Buong eay; 2- Thanh treo vait heu say; 3- Khung il6 thanh treo vat heu say,
4- Ong phan phoi khf, 5- Quat; 6- Buong hoa tron khi; 7- Bp ph|in trao nhi^t ki^u onf
8- Buong dot; 9- Bp phSn trao doi nhiet hitc xa dang tam; 10- Lo dot than;
11-Bp phan dieu khien nhiet do say; 12- Bo phan lpc khoi; 13- Ong dan khoi
Day la he thd'ng sd'y sii dung phifdng
thiic cap nhiet phoi hpp dd'i Iifu va bdc xa
nhi§t, c6 nang sua't 1,0 tan/me Sd do
nguyen ly cau tao ciia he thd'ng sa'y difdc
the hien tren hinh 1
Thie't bi sdy SV-1,0 gdm 4 phan chinh:
budng say Id dd't than, thie't hi trao ddi
nhiet (calorifer) va bd phdn dieu khien
nhiet dp tii dpng:
- Budng sa'y c6 dang hinh hop chii nhat,
ben trong c6 gia lap gian d'ng de dd cac
thanh treo vat lieu say Trong budng sd'y co
6 tang va m6i t i n g c6 lap 4 thanh treo,
khoang each giiia cac tang va khoang each
gifla cac thanh treo co the dieu chinh dUdc,
- Ld do't than cd dang hinh tru, difdc dat
b trong buong, cd quat Id de diin khien qua
trinh chay
Thie't bitrao doi nhiet gom cd: bp
phan trao dd'i nhiet biic xa dang ta'm va bp
phan trao doi nhiet kieu d'ng xoan, cd
nhiem vu ca'p nhiet (gian tie'p) cho vat lieu
- Bd phan dieu khien nhiet dp say gom
cd thie't bi dieu khien lien he vdi cac cam
bie'n nhiet dildc dat b trong budng sa'y va
trong budng dd't de dieu khien to'c dp cua quat Id, dieu khien van la cua buong hoa tron khi, nhd dd c6 the dieu khien dtfdc nhiet dp trong budng sa'y difdc nhiet dp ta'm gia nhiet bifc xa va nhi^t dp buong sa'y
He tho'ng sa'y SV-1,0 vdi ke't ca'u nhu tren nham dat difdc cac ifu diem: Sfl dung khdng khi difdc do't ndng gian tie'p lam tac nhan sa'y nen da tao ra san pham sa'y "sach" khdng bi nhiem ban bdi muoi than hay cac khi dpc do san pham chay tao ra
- Thie't bi sa'y c6 ket cd'u ddn gian nhifng hieu qua truyen nhiet ra't cao, do phdi hdp difdc 2 phUdng thiic truyen nhiet
la d6l lifu va biic xa nhiet, trong dd nhiet biic xa tfl thie't bi trao dd'i nhiet dang ta'm
da gop phan lam cho nhiet do trong budng sa'y luon ddng deu theo tiet dien ngang cua
Trang 5- Lo dd't va thiet bi trao ddi nhiet dupe
dat d ben trong budng sa'y nen giam difdc
tdn that nhiet ra moi trUdng, nhd dd da tiet
kiem difdc nhien lieu Hdn niia cac thie't hi
trao do'i nhiet khdng bi do't ndng tnic tie'p
bang ngpn Ida cua 16 dot than nen dp ben se
keo dai hdn nhieu so vdi thie't bi trao ddi
nhiet dang 6'ng chum
- Do ke't ca'u budng sa'y vai qua treo nen
cd Uu diem hdn han so vdi buong sa'y vai qua
bet la: sd IiJdng vai difa vao budng sa'y c6
the Idn hpn tfl 3-4 lln; kha nang thdng
thoang khi trong budng sa'y t6't hdn nen dp
khdng deu ciia vai qua tha'p hdn; vai qua
khdng bi de nen, chen ep Ian nhau nen
khong hi bep, meo, niit nhd dd lam tang gia
tri cam quan cho san pham sd'y; khdng to'n
nhan cdng de dao qua trong qua trinh sa'y
nen giam dUdc ap lute ve ngudn lao ddng
trong thdi vu thu hoach cang thang
3.2 Khao sat anh hufcfng cua mot so'
thong so' den qua trinh say
3.2.1 Anh hudng nhift dg dong khi say T fC)
Die'u kien thi nghiem: To'c dp dong khi say v = 0,8 m/s, mat dp vat lidu trong budng sa'y M = 160kg/m^ Ke't qua thi nghiera dUdc the hien tren dd thi hinh 2
Tren do thi hinh 2 ta tha'y, khi nhiet dp ddng khi sa'y tang, td'c dp b6'c hdi am tang, thdi gian say giam do do chi phi nhien lieu rieng giam, dp khd kh6ng deu va diem tdng hdp cha't lifdng san pha'm sd'y cd xu hudng tang len Tuy nhien, ne'u tiep tuc tang nhiet
dp dong kbi sa'y, do tac dung cua nhiet lam cho be mat vo qua bi rdn va sit lai, ngan can qua trinh thoat am, do vay thdi gian sa'y tang va chi phi nhien lieu tang len Dong thdi cung do tac dung ciia nhiet dp cao, td'c dp caramon hda dUdng trong ciii vai xay ra nhanh hdn khien cho cui vai co mau nau den, vi dang, hdn niia hlen tifdng "soi"
cui gay "viia" ciii cung de xay ra b nhiet dp
cao lam cho vd qua de bi nflt, cui vai ma't do deo dai, vi vay diem to'ng hdp chat lifdng cua san pham sa'y giam xu6'ng O nhiet dp 60-70"C, diem to'ng hdp chat lifdng san pham sa'y cao nha't va chi phi nhien lieu rieng tha'p nha't
K
(%)
5.0
-4 0
3.0
2.0 •
1.0 •
(d)
• 20.0
•18.0 -16.0
• 14.0
10.0
Nr (kg than/
1.2
1.0
• 0.8
• 0.6
0 2
60 65 70 75
Trang 63.2.2 Anh hifdng cua toe do dong khi
say V (m/s)
Dieu kien thi nghiem: Nhiet dp sa'y T ~
70"C, mat dp vat heu trong budng say M =
160kg/m^ Khi tang tdc do dong khi say
thi td'c dp thoat ^m tif vat lieu sa'y vao
budng sa'y va tfl hudng sa'y ra ngoai difdc
thiic hien nhanh hdn, do d6 dp khd kh6ng
ddng deu cua san pham sa'y giam xuo'ng,
dong thdi diem tdng hdp cha't lUdng cua san
pbim say tang len va dat tri sd' Idn nha't
flng vdi t6'c dp dong kbi 0,6m/s Ne'u td'c dp
ddng khi sa'y tie'p tuc tang, diem td'ng hdp
cha't Iitdng san pham sa'y giam xud'ng
Nguyen nhan la do td'c dp thoat am ciia vat
lieu d be" mat ngoai cua vd qua nhanh
nhiing am ben trong chua kip khuyech tan
ra be raat vo qua de bo'c hdi, tao nen sU
chenh lech ap sud't gifla vd qua va ciii qua
lam cho vo qua de bi ran niit, meo mo Mat
khac do td'c do khdng khi sa'y qua nhanh,
chifa kip truyen nhiet cho vat heu sa'y da bi
d^y ra ngoai nen hieu sua't sii dung nhiet
tha'p, chi phi nhien lieu tang nhanh (Hinh 3)
3.2.3 Anh hiidng cua mat do vat lieu
trong buong say M(kg/m^)
Dieu kien thi nghiem: Nhiet do dong khi sa'y t = 70''C, to'c dp dong khi sa'y v= 0,8m/s Khi tang mat dp vat lieu trong budng sa'y thi kha nang lUu thong dong khi sd'y trong khd'i vai qua giam, t6'c dp thoat am cua vat lieu sa'y cham nen dp khd khong deu ciia vat lieu say tang, ddng thdi mau sac va miii
vi ciia vai qua kem dong nha't, vi the' diem tdng hop cha't lifdng san pham sd'y giam Tuy nhien khi tang mat do vdt lieu trong budng say thi nang sua't thie't bi sa'y tang nhifng chi phi nhien lieu cho qua trinh sa'y cung tang do thdi gian say keo dai (Hinh 4) NgUdc lai, khi giam mat dp vat lieu trong buong sa'y, dp rdng cua khd'i qua Idn, td'c dp Iifu thdng dong khi sa'y qua khd'i vai qua va thoat ra ngoai tang, khi dd khi thai ra ngoai budng sa'y cd nhiet dp cao, gay hao to'n nhiet va tang chi phi nhien lieu CM phi nhien lieu rieng dat gia tri tha'p nhat flng vdi mat dp vdt lieu say M= 160kg/m^,
Tren dd thi cac hinh 2, 3, 4, ta cd the chpn dupc gia tri thicb hdp ciia cac ye'u td
va flng vdi nbflng gia tri nay, cac chi tieu ve
dp kho khong deu cua san pham say K, diem tdng hdp cha't lifdng san pham say Q
K
(%)
5.0
4 0
3.0
l U
(d) 20.0
18-0
16.0
14.0
1 2 0
(kg than/
1 2
0.8
0 6
0 4
0.6 0,8 1.0 1 2
Trang 7K
%)
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
\
y"
^
J
\
X
<d) 20.0
18-0
16.0
14.0
10.0
(kg than/K 1.2
1.0
O.B
0.6
0 2
100 120 140 161
Hinh 4 Anh hiidng cua m a t do vat lieu trong buong say M (kg/m^)
va chi phi nhien liSu rieng N^ dat gia tri
tifdng doi t6t: nhiet dp ddng khi sa'y
65-70"C ling vdi K = 1,75-2,13%, Q=
19,48-18,08d, N, = 0,293-0,316kg than/kg SPK;
td'c dp dong khi sa'y 0,6-0,8m/s flng vdi K =
2,68-2,17%, Q= 19,46-18,ld, N, =
0,27-0,312kg than/kg SPK va mat dp vat lieu
trong buong say 140-160kg/m^ flng vdi K =
1,77-2,11%, Q= 19,17-18,2d, N, =
0,345-0,311kg than/kg SPK,
3.3 Xac dinh mot so chi tieu kinh
te-ky thuat cua he thong say
De danh kha nang lam viec cua he
tho'ng sa'y da diidc che' tao, nhom nghien
cflu tie'n hanh khao nghiem xac dinh mot s6'
chi tieu kinh te ky thuat cua he tho'ng sa'y
SV-1,0 Cung thdi gian, ciing da tie'n hanh
khao nghiem, do dac xac dinh mdt s6' chi
tieu kinh te' ky thuat cua cac he thd'ng say
vai qua th6ng dung trong san xua't de so
sanh, bao gdm 16 sa'y thii cong, thiet hi sa'y
cai tie'n Day la nbflng he tho'ng sd'y vai
qua, ap dung cong nghe sa'y treo (vai qua
budc turn treo tren sao), dung triic tiep khoi
16 lam tac nhan sa'y, trong do 16 sd'y thu
sa'y va thie't bi sa'y cai tie'n sii dung quat hiit khdi Id qua bd phan lpc bui trifdc khi thd'i vao budng sa'y Ke't qua xac dinh mpt so' chi tieu kinh te - ky thuat ciia cac he tho'ng say vai qua difdc ghi trong bang 1 Qua so' lieu khao nghiem trong bang 1 cho thd'y, khi sa'y 964kg vai qua tifdi trong he tho'ng say SV-1,0 da xac dinh difdc: thdi gian thiic hign mpt me sa'y 70,5gicl, dp kho dong deu cua san pham say 2,1%, chi phi nhien lieu rieng 0,453kg than/kg SPK
Ke't qua phan tich hda hpc tai Vidn nghien cflu rau qua cho thd'y, vai qua tUdi trifdc khi sa'y cd do am 81,65 %, ham lUdng difdng tong so' 75,96 %, axit tdng so 1,54%, vitaminC 68,99mg/100g, sau khi sa'y den do
am 19,2% thi ham lifdng difdng tdng so' 69,58%, axit tong so 1,74%, vitamin C 49,02mg/100g (tinh theo VCK tuyet doi) nam trong gidi ban cho phep, san phara say dam bao tieu chuan ve sinh an toan thflc pham So vdi cac he thdng sa'y th6ng dung trong san xua't, he th6'ng sd'y SV-1,0 c6 ifu diem: thdi gian sa'y chi bang 55,7% so vdi Id sd'y thii cdng, bang 94% so v6i thie't bi say cai tie'n; do khd khdng deu la 2,1% giam
Trang 8Bang 1 Mot so chi tieu kinh tg" - ky thuat cua cac he tho'ng say vai qua
C i c chi tISu KT-KT
Kh6i lupng-vai t u o i
DQknaj\aim^/o)
Dj^CLivaMTDp'o)
Khoi lu'O'ng vi\ khfi (kg)
Tac nhan s^y
Dieu kien Iho^t am
Ch4 d$ say:
N h i 0 t d O k h l s l y ( ° C )
T 6 c i J $ k h [ s l y ( m / s )
Thai gian say (h)
Dd kh6 khong deu {%)
Chi ph( nhien lieu rieng
(kg Ihan/kg SPK)
Chi phi fli^n nang rieng
(kgWh/kg SPK)
Chat lu'p'ng cam quan
L6 say thu cong 948,6
8 1 , 1 % 19,6 243,2 Khoi 16 dot than
Doi luu t y nhien
75-.100 0,04 - 0 0 7 126,6 4.36 0.981
0
- Qua Iron, vo qua mau nau xam, bam nhieu bgi
- Cui mau nau sam,
hap thu S O j vi CO
- Vi ngcl, CO qua v[
h c i d i n g
Thi^l b| s^y cai 925,4 81.4 19,5 237,3 Khoi lo dot than
Doi lu'U cu&ng bi>c
7 5 ^ 9 5 0,4 f 0,5 75,0 3,76 0,612
0,071
- Qua tron, v6 qua r
CO bam bui
- Cui vai mau canh thg SOi vS CO
- Vi ngot
tien
T)^U 1
gian
Thiet bi say SV-1,0 964.0 81,6 19,2 247,2 Khong khi d u p c dot nong gian tiep qua calorife Doi lu'U cu'&ng bile
6 5 - 7 0
0 , 6 - 0 , 8 70,5 2,13 0,453
0.079
l a u , - Qua iron deu, vo qua mau vang nau, khong nCrt, khong bam bgi hap - Gill vai mau canh gian deo dai, khong dinh u 6 t , khong co SOj
v a C O
- V| ngpt sac
2,2% so vdi 16 say thu cdng va 1,6% so vdi
thie't bi sa'y cai tie'n; chi phi nhien lieu rieng
bang 46,2% so vdi 16 sa'y thu cdng va 74,%
so vdi thie't bi sa'y cai tien San pham vai
qua kho co hinh dang tron deu, khong bep
meo; vd qua m£u vang nau, khdng mit,
kh6ng bam bui than; ciii vai cd dp khd ddng
deu, raau canh gian, deo dai, khong dinh
udt; vi ngot sic, co miii thdm dac triing va
dac biet la khdng nhiSm cac cha't khi dpc
h^i tii khoi 16
Thiet bi sa'y SV-1,0 cd difdc nhang ifu
che do sa'y:
Viec phd'i hdp phifdng thiic ca'p nhiet dd'i lau va biic xa trong thie't bi sa'y SV-1,0
cd Ifu diem hdn so vdi phiidng thiic ca'p nhiet chi bang do'i luu trong 16 sa'y thu cdng
va thie't bi sa'y cai tie'n la do cac tia nhiet biic xa da gdp ph^n lam cho nhiet dp ludn ddng deu theo tie't dien cat ngang budng sa'y nen vai qua kh6 deu hdn, hdn niia cac tia nhiet biic xa c6 kha ndng tham nhap sau vao trong qua vai da thuc day nhanh qua trinh thoat am, vi the thdi gian say va chi phi nhien lieu rieng giam xuo'ng
Trang 9Viec n a n g cao td'c dp ddng k h i s a y t r o n g
h e thd'ng s a y S V - 1 , 0 c6 h i e u q u a h d n so vdi
viec n a n g cao n h i e t dp say, vi s a n p h a m i t
bi bie'n ddi c h a t lifdng do n h i e t , v a i q u a co
dp k h o dong d e u h d n k e ea nbflng q u a b
t a m c u a t i i m v a i , cho p h e p g i a m t h d i p a n
say v a n a n g cao m a t dp c u a v a i q u a t r o n g
b u o n g sa'y, n h d dd co t h e g i a m dUde c h i p h i
n h i e n lieu r i e n g v a n a n g cao n a n g sua't h e
tho'ng say
4 K E T L U A N
Viec thie't ke' che' t a o h i th6'ng sa'y v a i
q u a SV-1,0 t h e o phifdng p h a p ph6'i h d p d6l
l u u v a biic xa n h i e t d a gop p h d n n a n g cao
h i e u q u a t r u y e n n h i e t De sa'y v a i q u a , viec
n a n g cao tdc dp d o n g k h i sa'y cd h i e u q u a
h d n so vdi viec n a n g cao n h i e t dp sd'y
C a c ke't q u a n g h i e n eiiu t r e n l a cd sb
q u a n t r p n g de h o a n t h i e n q u y t r i n h cong
n g h e v a thie't kc' cai tie'n h e t h d n g sa'y vai
q u a t h e o p h U d n g p h a p pho'i h p p ddi lUu va biic x a n h i e t
TAI L I E U THAM KHAO
Nguyen Manh Ddng (2001) Bao quan che bien va nhirng giai phap dn dinh cay vai nhan, NXB Ndng nghiep
Pham Thi Minh Hue, Tran Nhu Khuyen (2010) Mpt s6 kel qua nghicn cuu, thiet ke thiet bj say vai qua sir dung nang lupng khi sinh hpc Tap chi ndng nghiep va phat tnen nong thon
sd 7/2010, trang 60-64.^
Hoang Quang Sang (2010) Nghien eihi thi^t ki thiet bj say vai qua kieu doi luu va hire xa DHNN- Ha Npi