NGHIEN ClJU-TRAO DOI J NGHIEN CO'U ANH HU'6'NG COACHe 0 0 TlfQI NGUOI TOI DO NHAM B^ MAT GIA CONG TRONG MAI L 6 THEP 9XC QUA TOI A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF COOLANT REGIMES TO SURFACE RO
Trang 1NGHIEN ClJU-TRAO DOI
J NGHIEN CO'U ANH HU'6'NG COACHe 0 0 TlfQI NGUOI TOI DO NHAM B^ MAT GIA CONG TRONG MAI
L 6 THEP 9XC QUA TOI
A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF COOLANT REGIMES TO SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN INTERNAL GRINDING OF STEEL 9XC
Banh Tien Long', Vu Ngoc VP, Le Xuan Hl(ng^ Ta Viet Ciidng*
'Tnicfng Dai hoc Bach Khoa Ha Ngi
^TrUdng Dai hpc Ky thuat Cong nghiep, Dai hoc Thai Nguyen
•'TnfcJng Cao dang Kinh te - Ky thuat Vinh Phiic
TOM TAT
Bdi bdo trinh bdy mgt nghien ciiu thUc nghiem ve dnh hudngcua che do tUdi nguoi tdi do nhdm
he mat gia cong khi mdi 16 nho thep 9XC qua toi Cdc thi nghiem dUdc thiet ke theo phUdng phdp be mat chi tieu dang hdn hdp tdm xoay Bdng viec dng dung phdn memMinitab 16, phUdng trinh hoi quy bieu diin moi quan he giUa do nhdm be mat vdi lUu lUdng vd nong do ddu boi trdn dd dUOc tim ra Them vdo do, che do tiidi nguoi hop ly khi diing ddu Emulsion cdng dUdc de xudt
TU khoa: Che do tUdi nguoi, mdi 16, do nhdm be mat
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an experimental study on ihe effects of coolant regimes to surface roughness when internal grinding of steel 9XC The experiments were designed by the response surface method with Central Composite Design By using Minitab 16 software, model regression relationship between the surface roughness with the flow rate and the concentration of coolant oil was found Also, the best coolant regimes for Oil Emulsion were proposed
Keywords: Coolant regimes, internal grinding surface roughness
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l G l O l THIEU
Mii noi chung v i m i i 16 noi rieng, l i
phUPng phdp gia cong tinh v i ban tinh dupc sfl
dung rpng rai trong gia cong co khi Sd di nbu
vay l i VI mai cho dp chinh xic gia cong cao, dp
n h i m be mat nho Tuy nhien, trong qui trinh
m i i nhiet do phit sinh IcSn Tai vung tiep xuc
gifla d i v i vit mii, nhiet dp co the len tdi 1090
* 1650°C [1] Nhiet cat khi m i i lim i n h hudng
den chat lupng chi tiet mai nhu lim thay doi ciu
true cila Idp be mM, giim dp cflng, giy chiy nflt,
bien dang [2] Do dd, can thiet phii sfl dung
dung dich tudi nguoi, sfl dung khi mai vi nd c6
chiJc ning cP b i n la chong lai sU ting nhiet dp
cua chi tiet [1] Them vio do, dung dung dich
tudi nguoi se lim giim lUc cat khi m i l va ting
chat lupng chi tiet gia cong [1] Vi cic ly do neu
tren nen cho den nay da cd k h i nhieu cic nghien
cflu ve viec tUdi nguoi khi mii
Cho den nay d i cd k h i nhieu nghien cflu
trong v i ngoii nUdc ve tudi nguoi khi mai Cu
the nbu nghien cflu ve i n h hudng cua nong dp
dung dich tron ngudi den mflc dp bien cflng [3]
hay ve flng suit dU [4] cua Idp be mat chi tiet
mil Nghien cflu ve anh hudng c i a luu lupng
dung dich tudi ngudi tdi nhiet dp m i i [5], hay tdi
tdc dp bdc tach vit lieu v i ning lupng gidi ban
rieng [6] Anh hUdng cua viec tfldi nguoi den
dp n h i m be mat khi m i i phang [7] va khi m i i
trdn ngoii [8] cung d i dUpc de cap den Viec
p h i n loai cic loai dung dich tudi nguoi va cac
chflc ning cfla chflng cung da dupe thUc hien
trong [9]
Tfl cac p h i n tich tren cd the ndi, m i c du
da cd k h i nhieu nghien cflu ve tUdi ngupi khi
mil nhung cic nghien cflu vS tUdi ngupi cho m i l
16, die biet l i ve mii 16 nhd van con ban che
Tren thUc te, viec tudi ngupi trong m i i 18 nhd
gap nhieu khd k h i n hon cic q u i trinh m i i khac
Nguyen nhan l i do dien tich ti^p xuc gifla d i mai
va chi tift ldn, han cU vi khong gian bd tri diu
vdi phun dung dich trdn ngupi, nen vdi phun khd ti^p cin vflng gia cdng nen chit lupng bS
m i t chi tie't gia cdng thudng chUa cao
Bii bio n i y trinh biy ket qua nghien cflu
i n h hfldng cfla che' dp tUdi ngupi khi sfl dung dung dich Emulsion tdi dp nham b l mat gia cong khi m i i 16 nhd thep 9XC qua toi se dUpc
khao sit v i d i n h gia Them vio dd, cU dp tudi
ngudi hpp ly trpng trUdng hpp n i y cung dflfle chi ra
2.M6TATH1NGHIEM
Hinh l.Sddo thi nghiem
Thi nghiem dupc tien h i n h vdi so do mo
ta tren hinh 1 C i c thong so thi nghiem eu the nhu sau:
Mdy: Miy m i i 16 N h i t Bin ky hieu
MT-4501, cd cic thong so nhU sau: Cdng suit ddng
CO true chinh: 2,2 KW; So vdng quay true d i mil: 24.000v/p
Di mii: Da m i i Hai Duong, chat dinh
ket Bakelit, bat m i i corin dong tring, dudng kinh d =8mm
Dung cu siia dd: But chi kim cflong 1 hat
cua hing Vertex Dii Loan, so hieu VDRIOIO, cd hat 0,2, kich thfldc dUdng kinh (|)10, chiSu dii 80
Dung cu do: Miy do dp nham SRT-200
(Hang China coal)
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Trang 3NGHIEN CLfU-TRAO D 6 I
Chi tiet gia cdng Can m i l 16 c|)9 cua coi dang hon hpp t i m xoay (CCD) nhu trong hmh 3
d i p thude vien vdi vat Ueu thep 9XC toi dat 58
-60 HRC (hmh 2)
2 y "
Him muc tieu:
Htnh 2 Chi tiet gia cong
Vcfi Xj va x^ la lilu liidng va nong do dung dich tu6i nguoi
Mo hinh cua hdm hoi quy: Sii dung dang
ham khao sat la ham hoi quy dang m6 hinh thong ke bac hai dang day du 2 nhan to x, va x^ nen ham hoi quy bac hai co dang [10]:
Chi do cdt: Van toe da: V^ = 10 (m/s);
Van toe phoi: n^ = 200 (v/p); LUdng chay dao >'=*o+^i^i+M2+^2^i-'f2+*ii-^f+^22^2 (2) doc; Sj = 0,1 (m/p); LUdng chay dao ngang: S^ =
O.Olmm/htk " 3 KET QUA VA THAO L U A N
Dwn^dic/ifrtfMM^oi: Dung dich Emulsion Ket qua do do nham be mat 16 mai vdi pha v6i niicrc dat nong do 3% - 6% cac lUu lilcing va nong do dung dich tudi nguoi
khac nhau dUtfc cho trong bang 1 Sif dung phan
V6i dung dich tiidi nguoi da neu, ta tien mem Minitab 16 tien hanh phan tich ket qua thi
hanh theo thiet ke thi nghiem theo scf do sau: nghiem, ta thu dncfc ket qua phan tich phifdng
sai cua mo hinh hoi quy (Analysis of Variance LUU tiAing for Ra) nhn tren hinh 4 Tif hinh 4, ta thay gia tri
P=0,965 (ling vcfi hang Lack of Fit) Icfn hcfn rat nhi^u so v6i mile y nghia a = 0,05 Dieu nay co nghia la mo hinh hoi quy la phu hcfp va ta co cac
he so cua phifcfng trinh hoi quy nhif sau:
Py^
Pul
j \
p
-1
6
P9J
l(l^P)
^ 1
1 ^
0
-1
P5
0,374; b;= 0.003;
=0,037; b, =0,009
0,05; b , 0,038;
Hinh 3 Sd do quy hoach thUc nghiem
Cac he so tren the hien miJc dp anh hifdng cua cac nhan to lau lilcing (b^, b^^), nong
do (b^, b^^), tich hop lUu lifdng va nong do (b^^) t6i ham muc tieu dp nham (Ra) Thay chiing vao bieu thiic (2) ta co phUPng trinh hoi quy: tTng dung phan mem Minitab 16 thiet Y= 0,374 +0,003x^+0,05x,-0,038x,Xj+0,037x,^
ke thi nghiem theo phUdng phap be mat chi tieu +0,009Xj^ (3) '^
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Trang 4NGHIEN C l i u - TRAO P 6 l 1
71 Ket qud do nhdm be mat 15 gia cdi
TT
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
Diem
TN
P2
P9
P9
P9
P3
P9
P5
Cac bifo
LUu lupng
(L/P)
4.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
0.38
Nong dp
(%)
6.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 6.6 4.5 4.5
Ra
(nm)
0.435 0.376 0.370 0.375 0.465 0.369 0.445
TT
8
9
10
11
12
13
Diem
TN
P4 P6 P7 P8
PI P9
Cac Men
LUulupng (L/P) 1.0 1.0 2.5 4.0 4.6 2.5
Nong dp
(%)
6.0 3.0 2.4 3.0 4.5 4.5
Ra
(nm)
0.505 0.331 0.321 0.411 0.454 0.381
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Hin/i 4 P/iflTi tich kit qud thi nghiem khi stl dung dung dich Emulsion
D6 thi be mat chi tieu cua gii tri dp nhim theo luu lupng va n6ng dp dUpc the hien tren btah
5 sa dung Minitab 16 t6i Uu hoa tim ra gii tri hpp ly cua luu lupng (1/p), nong dp cua dau (%) de co gia tri d6 nham nho nhat khi dung dung dich Emulsion Ket qui xU ly so lieu dupc trinh biy trong hinh 6
TCI hinh 5, ta thiy nong dp dau co anh hudng Wn nhat tcri dp nham be mat gia cong (hS so
bj = 0,05) Khi nong dp dung dich trPn ngupi ting thi dp nhim be mat gia cong ting Nguyen nhin
li do khi ting n6ng dp dung dich tudi ngupi se tao ra dp sinh nen lam cho phoi bi bet dinh vao da mil Dieu do lim giam khi ning tU mii sic cua da mai vi din den nhim be mat tang cao
TU hinh 5, ta ciing nhin thiy luu lupng c6 inh hudng khong nhieu tdi dp nhim be mat (he
sd b, = 0,003) Tuy nhien, neu xet den anh hudng bic 2 thi luu lupng cung cd anh hudng nhat dinh
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tdi dp nham (b^j= 0,037) Nguyen nhan, do han che ve khong gian, dung dich trdn ngupi kho ti^p
c ^ viing gia cong nen mac du Iifu lifdng tang thi lifpng dung dich trdn ngupi triic tiep vao vung gia
cong Cling kh6ng tang dang ke
Lactl SelBUoe
Fi*4ie»3 t*recant
Hinh 5 Do thi be mat chi tieu
Swfeoe Pkrtflf Ra VS UAi liMi^ HSng do
Hmh 6 Sd lieu kit qud tdi Uu
Khi xet anh hifcfng cua da thong so (liiu lUpng x nong dp) ta thay, d lifu lUpng thap, nong dp
tang lam dp nham tang nhUng khi 6 lifu lUpng Icfn thi nong dp hau nhU khong anh hudng tcfi do
nham (hinh 5) Tifdng tii, d nong dp thap liiu lifpng co anh hiicfng tcfi dp nham va co xu hifcfng lam
tang dp nham Khi nong dp dung dich cao, lUu lUpng it anh hifdng tcfi dp nham
Stf dung chifc nang toi ifu hoa theo ky thuat be mat chi tieu (hinh 6), ta xac dinh difpc cac
thong so lUu lupng, nong dp tifcti ngupi toi Uu de dat nham be mat Ra nho nhat (Ra^^^ = 0,3|im) dng
v6i lifu lupng 1,36 1/p va nong dp dung dich tUcfi ngupi 2,38 % ^
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Trang 64 KET LUAN
Nghien cdu da khao sit duoc anh hUdng cua ndng dp v i luu lupng dung dich tu6i ngupi khi
m i i de-n do u b i m chi tie't mil Them v i o dd, cong thdc hdi quy k l de'n i n h hudng cua cac nhan to
ffl neu de'n do n h i m bi mat m i i cung dupc xac dinh D i e biet cic thdng sd c h i dp tUPr ngupt ( t o
luong v i ndng dd) tdi Uu cung da dUpe chi ra nhd viec sU dung chdc ning tm Uu hoa theo ky thuat
be mat chi tieu.*
Ngiy n h i n bii: 12/4/2016
Ngiy p h i n bien: 14/5/2016
Tai lieu tham khio:
[11 Jeffrey D SilHman Richard Perich, Cutting and grinding fluids: Selection and application, SME-Societyof
ManufactanngEngineers, 1992 „ , i t t , r-TuD , , „
[2] Snoeys, R., Maris, M and Peters,)., Thermally Induced Damage in Grinding, Annals ot the CIKP, 27/2, [3]' Koji Kato, Noritsugu Umehara, Minoru Suzuki, A study of hardness of the frozen magnetic fluid grinding
wheeUournalofMagnetismandMagneticMaterialsZOl, 1999, pp 376-379
[4) K.Q Xiao, L.C Zhang, The effect of compressed cold air and vegetable oil on the subsurface residual stress
of ground tool steel Journal of Materials Processmg Technology 178,2006, pp 9-13
[5] R P Upadhyaya, S Malkin, Thermal Aspect of Grinding With Electroplated CBN Wheels, ASME J Manul
Sd Eng,2004,pp 126
[6] A Cameron, R Bauer, A WarkenUn, An investigation of the effects of wheel-cleaning parameters m creep-Jeea
grinding hiternational Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacmre 50, 2010, ppl26-130
[7] Do Die Trung; Nghiin cdu anh hudng cua loai dung dich trdn nguoi den ehdt luang bi mdt chi tiet edngkk
mdi tinb thip SU12 hdng dd mai Alp, vd dd mai CBN tren may mai phang, Luin van Thae sy, TrUtag Dai hoc
Ky thuat Cong nghiep, Dai hoc Thai Nguyen, 2010
[8] Ngd CUdng, Nguyin Dinh Man; Nghiin cdu Ilia chon chi dd cat vd cde biin phdp cdng nghi de ndng cm
hieu qua kinh tl- ky thudt khi mdi thip khonggl 3X13 bdng da mdi Hdi DUdng Bao cio kit qui d l tii nghien
ciu Idioa hpc cap Bd, Thai Nguyen, 2009
[9] K Blenkowski, Coolants and lubricants: part 1—the truth Manufacturing Engineering March (1993) 90-96 [10) Nguyen Van DU, Nguyin Dang Binh; Quy hoach thUc nghiem trong ky thudt, NXB Khoa hpc va Ky
thuit, 2011
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