ứng dụng lý thuyết dòng công suất kín thiết kế, chế tạo bệ thử hiệu suất cụm cầu sau chủ động ôtô tải nhẹ

Bdi bdo trinh bdy viic Ung dung ly thuyit ddng cdng sudt kin de thiet ke, che tqo be thU cdu sau • chii dgng tren xe tdi 3 tdn che tqo trong nUdc.. Trln thflc te, khd ndng ndi dja hda p

LPNG DUNG LY THUYET DONG CONG S U A T KJN THI^T K^, CH^ TAO BE THU' HIEU S U A T C U M C A U SAU CHU DONG OTO T A I NHE '

APPLICATION OF CLOSED POWER FLOW IN DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURING THE EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE TESTING PLATFORM FOR REAR AXLE ASSEMBLY

IN LIGHT TRUCKS

Ths Do Giao Tiln' KS Nguyin HGu Sim^ ThS Le Hong Ky^, ThS Nguyen Manh Trfldng^

TS Nguyen Thanh Quang^, TS Duong Ngoc Khanh^

'Bd Khoa hpc vd Cdng nghe, ^TrUdng Dai hpc SU pham Ky thuat HUng Yin

'TrUdng Cao ding SU pham Vinh Long, ''Tdng Cdng ty VEAM

^TrUdng Dai hpc Bach khoa Ha Ndi

TOM TAT

Hieu sudt truyen lUc Id chi tieu quan trgng deddnh gid chdt lUdng ciia cum cdu sau chii dgng Cdu sau xe dtd sau khi dUdc thiet ke, che tqo thUdngdUdcdo thit hiiu sudt Vdn dekiem tra hiiu sudt cum cdu sau tren thi'gidi dUdc tiin hdnh theo mgt qui trinh chdt che, riing biet O Viet Nam, thi nghiem do, kiem

• tra hieu sudt cum cdu sau dtd Id linh vUc hodn todn mdi Do vdy, vdn deddt ra la cdn phdi thie't kedUdc loqi be thiC hiiu sudt phii hdp vdi cum cdu sau dUdc chi tqo trong nUdc

Bdi bdo trinh bdy viic Ung dung ly thuyit ddng cdng sudt kin de thiet ke, che tqo be thU cdu sau

• chii dgng tren xe tdi 3 tdn che tqo trong nUdc

ABSTRACT

Force transmission efficiency is among the most important criteria to assess the quality of the

^t rear axle assembly in automobiles In reality, it is a common practice to measure the efficiency of this fundamental component after the designing and manufacturing stages have been finished In many advanced countries well-known for automobile industry, the testing of the rear axle assembly's efficiency is

•'• conducted following a strict and exclusive technological procedure However, this practice is still at its inception in Vietnam Therefore, it is of great practical importance to find out the answer to the question ^ofhow to design and fabricate an efficiency testing platform for domestically-manufactured rear axle

•.assemblies

Ill

'•• This study presents the application of closed power flow in designing and fabricating efficiency

\itesting platform for the rear axle assembly in domestically-manufactured 3-ton light trucks

Keywords: Cdu sau dtd, hieu sudt, be thit, ddng cdng sudt kin

Hi

-4

1 MO DAU

Cdng nghiip phy trp ddng vai trd rdt quan

trpng trong chiln lUpc phdt trien ngdnh Cdng

nghiip 0 td Trln thflc te, khd ndng ndi dja hda

phy tung dtd ciing da dUpc thi hi|n trong mdt s6

Iinh vflc: h | thdng truyin Ii^c (cym edu chu ddng),

nhip, thung, cabin xe tdi, cdc chi tilt nhfla,

Hilu suat cym cdu chu ddng Id mdt trong

nhi3ng chl tieu ddnh gid chat lUpng cua cym cdu

chu ddng Bdi bdo trinh bdy kit qud nghiin cflu

trong vi|e flng dyng ddng cdng sudt kin dc thilt

kl, che tao b | thfl cdu sau dflpc sdn xudt vd Idp rdp

tai Viet Nam

2 CO s d Lt THUYET THIET K£, C H ^ TAO

B$ THU" CAU SAU CHU D O N G

2.1 Yeu cau ky thudt cua cum cau sau

De ddnh gid chat Iflpng cua cau sau xe dtd,

ta ddnh gia theo cdc chi tieu: hi|u sudt, dp dn, dp

rung, nhiet dp, dp ben Idu, dp tin cdy khi ldm viec

Vdi moi chi tieu se sfl dyng cdc phuong phdp thi

nghiem thich hpp de ddnh gid Hilu suat Id thdng

sd danh gid hilu qua truyen cdng sudt cua cau xe

Neu gpi cdng suat dan vdo cau xe trln trye vdo

(dau bdnh rang qud dfla) va edng sudt trln tryc ra

cua nd (cdc bdn true) Id d trang thai lam vi|c dn

dinh Ian lUpt Id N, vd N^ thi hi|u suat rj dUpc xde

dinh theo cdng thflc (1.1)

N, N.-AN

7 = —2- = —! (1.1)

Vdi: AN Id cdng suat bi mat mat ben trong

cdu xe

2.2 Bl thut ddng cdng suat kin

Nguyen ly edu tao cua b | thfl ddng cdng

sudt kin dupc thi hi|n tren hinh 1 Be thfl gdm cd

dpng CO dien s61, hai cdu sau sd 5, cac hpp truyin

dpng sd 2 tryc cac dang sd 7 va co cau gay tdi s6

8 Co cdu gdy tdi se sinh ra nhiing md men xodn

khdc nhau trong ddng kin Khi bilt cdng suat m mdt d h0p truyin dpng sd 2 ta cd thi tinh dU(] hi|u sudt eda h | truyin lflc nhd do cdng sudt cij

dOng ca di|n vd do cdng sudt gay tdi

Hinh 1: So dd nguyin 1^ b | thfl hi|u suit cdu »

d6ng cdng suit kin l.D^ng CO

2 H^p truyfin d^ng

3 Thi^t b| do md men xoiln

4 Bfch nfii

5 C3u xe thCf nghidm

6 Truydn d^ng dai

7 Tryc cic dJng truyen dgng

8 Co clu gky tdi bing thuy \\fc

9 Thift bi do mft men xoin

Cdng suat ciia dpng ca di|n can dd de

thdng Iflc ma sat ben trong b | thfl nin dpi^ aJ di|n thudng nhd gpn va tieu tdn it ndng lu^ng trong qud trinh sfl dyng Cdng suat do dupc trSn dpng CO di|n sd 1 chinh Id ton hao tren toin W

h | thdng De xac dinh hi|u suat eua cau xe trenbj

thfl can tien hanh do theo 2 bflde: ^

- Budc 1: Xac djnh mflc ton hao cdi^soll trln cdc hpp truyen dpng so 2 vd cdc khdp no! bdng each thdo cdc cau xe ra khdi be thfl va thay

vdo dd mpt d o ^ tryc cdc dang Md men do A^

tren ddng cO di|n trong trfldng hpp ndy ed gia tri laM,

- Budc 2: Xdc dinh ton hao cdng sudttrin toan bp b | thit Cdc gid tri do dUpc Id md men Mj

vd md men M^

Cdng sudt tdn hao trln hai hdp truy& ddng AN dupc tinh theo cdng thflc (1.2)

NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO 961

AN = Mya)-M,Q} (1.2) 2.3.2 PhUdngdn 2

Cdng suat dan vdo cdc hop truyen ddng

dupc tinh theo cdng thflc (1.3)

N = M, a> (1.3)

Gid thilt rang ton that tren hai cum edu Id

nhu nhau ta ed (1.4)

N, -AN

n'= - ^ (1.4)

Hilu suat cua mdi cum cau dUpc tinh theo

cong thflc (1.5)

A / , - ( A / , - W , )

M,

Vdi cdc Uu diem ndi bat nhu dd neu, ta sfl

dung phflong dn be thfl theo ddng cdng sudt kin

dexdc dinh hilu suat cua cau xe

2.3 Cac phuong an thiet ke be thfl hieu suat

cum cau chu dong

2.3.1 PhUdng dnl

Phuong dn 1 thilt k l be thfl ddng edng

suat kin dflpc trinh bdy t r l n hinh 2 Truyen ddng

tfl ddng CO dien sd 1 trflc tilp vdo hop sd 2 C o cau

gay tai sd 8 nam ngoai hop ddo chiiu n i n de ddng

thao tac nhUng phdi qua bd truyin d i n hop sd Do

vdy, kit cau phUOng dn nay cdng k i n h va phflc tap

hon

Hinh 2: Be thfl dong c6ng suat ldn phflong an 1

I Bpng

> Hop so

1, 5, 6 Hop tmyen dpng binh ring

' True cac ding

i Co cSa gay tai thiiy lUc

' Cam bien do mo men

Phuong dn 2: Be thfl gdm hai cym cdu sau

sd 3 Id mau thfl, mdt hop truyen dpng sd 4, 2 tryc ede dang sd 7, hinh 3 He thong dflpc dan ddng bang ddng eo diln sd 1 Co cau gdy tai sd 8 dflpc tao ra bang each xoay tflOng ddi hai cap bich vdi nhau Md men cua dpng eo phdt ra de thang md men ma sat trong toan he thdng vd ldm quay he

thdng (dflpc gpi la md men ma sdt) M d\Sac do

thdng qua lUc k l sd 9

(1.5)

Hinh 3: Be thfl dong cdng suat kin phfldng an 2

1 Ddngcildi^n

2 Hop sfl

3 Ciu sau

4, 5,6 H4p truyfn d^ng banh rang

7 Tryc cic ding

8 Co eau gay Iii thiiy lUc

9 Cim bi«n do mo men

Toan bd eac cum chi tilt eua be thfl hieu suat cdu xe d phuong an 2 dUpc co dinh tren khung be thfl thdng qua eae gia dd va ede mdi ghep bang bu Idng Truyen ddng gidn tilp qua bdnh rdng trung gian Co edu gay tdi nam trong

he thdng nen bd tri gpn nhe hpn

2.3.3 PhUdng dn 3

Phuong an 3: Hai cau sau sd 3 ndi tilp nhau thdng qua tryc dan ddng sd 10 n i n phfle tap hon Hop gidm toe sd 4 kieh thfldc ldn n i n chi phi cao hon, hinh 4

^^

Hinh 4;

l.£);>ngcd(diin

2 Hpp s6

3 Ciu sau 4.5,6 H^p truyen dgng binh

7 Tryc cic dang

le thfl dong cong suat kin phflong an 3

8 Co cau giy tdi thiy lijc

9 Cimbifindomflmen

10 Tryc din d$ng

11 Co cau khdp nfii

12 G5i det

NGHIEN Cflu - TRAO D O I

2.3.4.PhiMngdn4

Phuong an 4: Hai ciiu sau s6 3 n6i ti^p

nhau thong qua true dan dpng so 10 nSn ket cau

cua bf tha philc tap hon Hpp giSm tfic s6 4 kich

thudc ldn nen chi phi cao hcfn, hinh 5

-CMHJB

Hinh 5: B| thfl d6ng c6ng suat kin phUOng dn 4

1 D(ngcadi«n

Z.H(>ps6

3 Cdu sau

4, S 6 H4p truyfn d^ng binh ring

7 Ibjc cic ding

8 Ctrdugiytiiihi^ylijc

9 Cim bif n do mfl men

10 Trvc din d^ng

tl.CocSukhdpndi

12.Gdidd

2.3.5 PhUdng an 5

Phuong dn 5: Kit cau cua be thfl rat phflc

tap nin loai be thfl ndy thfldng dung trong cdng

nghiep san xuat hang loat, tuy nhien kit qud kiem

tra ehinh xdc hon, hinh 6

dl thilt kl, che tao b | thfl sfl dung do hi|u suit cym cau sau dtd tdi nh? loai 3 tan sdn xuat, Idp rap trong nUdc Cdc thdng sd co ban cua b | thfl gfim:

sd vdng quay eua b | thfl (0 - 3000 vdng/phiit), iri| men tdi ldn nhdt trong h | thdng 320 Nm, tUOng dflong vdi cdng sudt thfle cua dpng cO Idp tren xe dtd

3 K £ T QUA C H E TAO B £ THir CAU SAU 0x0

Be thfl cdu sau dtd dd dflpc thilt ke va che tao hodn thi|n, bdn ve thilt kl dflpc trinh bdy trln hinh 7 vd hinh 8 Sdn pham b | thfl cdu sau dU(?c trinh bdy trln hinh 9

Hinh 6: So do nguyen Iy b^ thfl hi|u suat cdu sau dbng

cong suat kin sfl dyng ca cdu gdy t^ bang bich ndi

l,D«ngco

2 Hip truyfn d&ng

3 Cd ciu gdy t^ mat bich ndj

4 Khdp ndi

5 Ciu xe thil ngb^m

6 Truyf n dyng dai

7 TVvic cic ding tmyen dpng

8 Co clu gay tii bing thanh xoin

9 Thift bl do mo men xoSn

Vdi cdc flu, nhupe dilm cfla cdc phflong an

thiet kl be thfl d trln theo nguyen ly ddng cdng

sudt kin nhdm nghien cflu sfl dung phuong dn 2 trinh bdy tren bdng 1

Hinh 9: Be tiifl cdu sau da dflpc thilt ke, che tao ho^ thi^

4 KET QUA THf NGHIEM DO HI$U SUAT

CUM CAU SAU T R £ N B £ T H O

a) Do md men ma sat M^^^ cua be thii Kit qua do md men ma sat M^^^, dUi?c

TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM

Bangl

Tan so f (Hz)

Mo men ma sat (M^^J

: Bang do mo men ma sat M

6

14

NGHIEN Cflu

6 cac tan s6 khac nhau

7

15

- TRAO DO

8

15

b) Do kilm tra h i l u suat cdu sau xe tai 3 tan

Vile do hilu suat cau sau d td dUpc tiln hdnh d 3 c h l dp tdi khdc nhau

+ Che dp tai M^ = 100 N.m

Kit qua do dflpc trinh bay tren bang 2

Bang 2: Bang ket qui do hi|u suat cym cau sau d chl dd thfl nhat

T a n s 6 f ( H z )

Hi^u suat

Gia trj hieu suat trung binh

n ""'

Hiiu sudt do dUdc (rf)

Cau sau che tao

6

91

7

90

8

91 90,6

Cau sau mau Trun

6

92

7

93

BQUOC

8

93 92,6

+ Che dp tai M,= 150 N.m

Kit qua do dflpc trinh bay trln bdng 3

Bang 3: Bang kit qua do hieu suat cum cau sau d che dO thfl hai

Tan so f (Hz)

Hieu suat

Gia tri hieu suat trung binh

Hiiu sudt do dtWc (r\) (cdp nhanh/cdp chdm)

Cau sau che tao

6

91

7

90

8

90 90,3

Cau sau mau Trung Quoc

6

93

7

92

8

93 92,6

+ C h l dp tdi M, = 200 N.m

Kit qua do dflpc trinh bay tren bdng 4

Bang 4: Bang kit qua do hieu suat cum cau sau d chl dp thfl b

Tan so f (Hz)

Hieu suat

Gia tri hieu suSt trung binh

n '™

Hiiu sudt do dtidc (rjj (cdp nhanh/cdp chdm)

CSu sau che tao

6

90

7

91

8

91 90,6

Cau sau mau Trung Quoc

6

92

7

92

8

93 92,3

NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO D O I

Hilu sudt cua eau sau do dflpc se bdng gia tri trung binh cua 3 lan do, ey t h i Id:

- Hieu suat cau sau xe tai Trung Qudc

- Hieu suat cau sau xe tdi c h l tao trong nfldc

Vdi kit qud thi nghiim ta ed the thay rdng chdt lUpng cfla cym cau sau xe tdi dUpc c h l tao trong nUdc tuong dUOng vdi chat lUpng cum cau sau xe tdi Trung Qude

5 KET LUAN

Bdi bao da trinh bdy vile flng dyng Iy thuyet ddng cdng suat kin d l thilt kl, che tao b | thfl hieu suat cum edu sau ehu ddng 6 trong nflde ehfla ed don vi ndo thilt kl, che tao be thfl hilu sudt cym cau sau dtd Kit qua nghiin cflu cua nhdm tdc gia cd t h i Ung dung vdo thflc tien de tien hanh san xuat loat d qui md cdng nghiep, gdp phan ndng eao nang Iflc ndi dja hda phu tung dtd trong nfldc *>

NgUdi phdn bien: TS Hoang Thang Binh, PGS.TS Le Trung D u n g

Tai lieu tham khao:

[1] Asch, G (1991), Les capteurs en instrumentation industrielle Dunod, Paris

[2] Bohemia (2003), Auto Katalcg, Motor-presses

[3] Vlk, F Zkouseni a diagnostika motorvych vozidel, (2003), VLK, Brno

[4] LlHM6anHH, B.B.(1978), McnbiTaHHJi aBTOMo6Hneii MauiHHOCTpoHeHMe, MocKBa

[5] Nguyin Hflu Can, Phan Dinh Kien, (1987), Thilt klva tinh toan oto may keo Tap 1, NXB DH va THCN [6] Nguyin Hflu Can, Pham Hflu Nam, (2004), Thi nghiem d td, NXB Khoa hpc Ky thuat

[7] Trinh Chat, Le Van Uyen (2002), Thilt kl tinh toan h | dan dpng cO khi, NXB Giao due