ANH Hl/ONG CUA CHE DO CAT DEN CAC THANH PHAN LlTC CAT TRONG TIEN ClTNG TRlTC GIAO THEP 9XC BANG DUNG CU CBN Phan Quang Thg, Nguyin Thj Qu6c Dung , Hoang Minh Phuc Truang Dgi hoc Ky thud
Trang 1ANH Hl/ONG CUA CHE DO CAT DEN CAC THANH PHAN LlTC CAT TRONG TIEN ClTNG TRlTC GIAO THEP 9XC BANG DUNG CU CBN
Phan Quang Thg, Nguyin Thj Qu6c Dung , Hoang Minh Phuc
Truang Dgi hoc Ky thudl Cong nghiep - DH Thdi Nguyen
TOM TAT
Bai bao nay trinh bay mot nghien cuu thuc nghiem ve anh huong cua van toe cat va lugng chay dao den cac lhanh phan luc cat trong tien cdng true giao thep 9XC Manh dao CBN dang dac vdi thanh phan CBN cao dugc sd dung trong qua trinh tien cung phoi ong thep 9XC Hai nhan to van toe cat va lugng chay dao dugc tien hanh thi nghiem d hai mdc yeu to Trong qua trinh tien cung, cac thanh phan luc cat da dugc do dac Phan tich phuong sai ket qua thi nghiem cho thay ca ba yeu
to van toe cat, lugng chay dao va tuong tac giira chung deu co anh huong dang ke den cac gia tri cda lire cat Trong do, lugng chay dao co anh huong Ion nhat va van toe cat co anh hubng it han so vdi anh huong cua tuang tac giua van toe cat va lugng chay dao
Tu- khoa: Tiin cirng, luc cdt, dung cu cat, phdn tich phuong sal, lien citng true giao
DAT VAN DE
Vdi nhieu uu the ndi bat, lien cdng dang Id
mgl phuong phdp gia cdng tinb dugc ung
dung ngay cdng rdng rai Irong cdc nganh cdng
nghiep[l] Cd rdt nhieu nghien cuu lien quan
den qud trinh lien cirng da dugc cdng bd
Xem xel cac ket qud nghien cuu cho thdy,
thudc linh cda dung cu cdt vd vdt lieu phdi,
thdng sd hinh hgc cua dung cu, dieu kien gia
cdng vd cdc linh chdt cua be thdng cdng nghe
dugc coi nhu la cdc thdng sd dau vdo cua qud
trinh lien cung vd chdng cd the dugc lira chgn
khi bat ddu gia cdng Cdc thdng sd nhu luc
cdt, nhiet cat, chdt lugng be mat vd tudi thg
dung cu dugc coi nhu Id cdc lieu chudn ve
hieu qud cua qua Irinh hoac Id cdc thdng sd
ddu ra Viec xdc djnh chinh xdc lire cat trong
qua trinh gia cdng ludn ddng vai trd quan
trgng trong nghien cuu ldi uu hda qud trinh,
thiet ke tdi uu cac thdng sd cda dung cu vd he
thdng cdng nghe Luc cdt ddc trung cho cdng
sual can thiet vd Id chi lieu chd yeu de thiet ke
cdc phdn tu cda mdy cat kim loai, cdc co- cdu
kep vd cd djnh dung cu cung nhu cdc yeu cdu
ve do cung vung de ddm bdo loai Iru rung
ddng trong gia cdng Do lap kim loai dugc cdt
di rdt mdng nen cdc thdnh phdn luc do dugc
trong cat kim loai thudng khdng vugt qud vdi
' Tel: 0915308818; Email; quocdung@tnut.edu.vn
chuc den vdi trdm kilogram Mac du lire tuong ddi nhd so vdi cdc qud trinh gia cdng kim loai khde nhu ren, ep nhung do ldc dung tren mdt dien tich rdi be da khien cho ung suat sinh ra Irong qud trinh cdt kim loai thudc loai cao nhdt Irong cdc qud trinh gia cdng Nhiet do cao vd ung sudt Idn la nguyen nhdn cda mdt loai cdc qud trinh bda ly phdc tap xay ra trong qua trinh cdt ddng thai dien tich tiep xuc nho Id trd ngai Idn trong viec tiep can nghien cuu vdng cat Trong qud trinh lien cung do cung cao cua phdi cung vdi cac thdng sd hinh hgc ddc Iruiig cda dung cu ldc
do cat Idn va dieu kien gia cdng khd da cd dnh hudng Idn Idm cho ldc dung cua luc cdt
cd nhung thay ddi dang ke so vdi qua Irinh lien thdng thudng Vi vay, viec nghien cuu tim hieu ldc ddng cda cdc nhan td cdt den cdc thdnh phan luc cat Id dieu cdn thiet Dd cdn Id CO- sd de tinh loan ung sudt vd nhiel cdt, cdc nhan Id chinh anh hudng den tudi thg dung cu cung nhu chdt lugng be mat gia cdng
Trong pham vi tim hieu ve cdc hien tugng xdy
ra trong qud trinh tien cung, mdi loat cdc nghien ciru dd dugc lien hdnh cho nhieu loai vdt lieu Tuy nhien, cdc nghien cdu hien ihdi
ve vdn de ndy vdn chua cho phep khdi qual hda cdc kel qud dat dugc vd dir dodn trang thdi cua cdc vdt lieu khde Vi vdy, viec nghien cdu ddi vdi cdc vat lieu ndy ludn phdi tiep luc[2] Theo Nakayama vd cdng su-[3], lire cdt
Trang 2Phan Quang The vd dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 83(07): 67-71
trong gia cdng cac vat lieu cung khdng Idn
hon cdc vat lieu mem mem Gdc trugt Idn va
su hinh thdnh phoi rang cua do do deo kem da
Idm gidm luc cdt mac du do ben cao cda vat
lieu cung Hon nira, khi gia cdng cdc thep
cung, gdc trudc am cua dung cu cdng Idn thi
luc dgc true cang cao va lire cdt tiep luyen
cdng thdp Su bien thien cua cdc thdnh phdn
lire cat cung bj dnh hudng bdi su thay ddi cua
do cung cua vat lieu gia cdng Strafford va
Audy [4] da cho thay khi tien cung thep AISI
4340 cd do cung tu 29 ddn 57 HRC bdng
dung cu gdm da cd su tang tuong ung luc cat
lu 30-80% Trong mdt cdng bd khde[5] da
chung Id rang tdc do cdt cdng cao, luc dgc
true vd luc cat rieng cdng thdp, khdng phu
thudc vao mdn dung cu
Anh hudng cua dieu kien cat den qud trinh
tien trien cua luc cdt cung da dugc md hinh
trong nhieu nghien cuu Bang viec lien hanh
cdc thi nghiem khi gia cdng thep AISI D2 d
do cung 62HRC vdi dung cu cdt CBN,
Arsecularatne vd cdng su [6] da ket ludn cd
mdt mdi lien he chat che giua luc cdt vd dieu
kien cat Huang vd Liang [7] trinh bdy luc cdt
tdng cdng Id Idng cda cdc thdnh phan luc de
lao phoi vd lire do mdn mat sau Md hinh nay
dugc ddnh gid bang thuc nghiem qua trinh tien
cung chinh xdc thep AISI 52100 d do cung 62
HRC vdi dung cu CBN Chen [8] cung cdng bd
khi nghien cuu thuc nghiem tien cung thep
bang dung cu CBN, lire hudng kinh cd gid trj
Idn nhdt trong ba thdnh phdn lire cdt
De cdi thien hieu qua chung cua cdng nghe
tien cung, can thiet phdi cd mdt su hidu biet
hodn chinh ve qua trinh Vdi muc tieu nhu
vay, nghien cuu ndy tap trung vdo phdn ti'ch
dnh hudng cua cdc nhan td didu kien cdt cung
nhu dnh hudng cua su tuong tdc giua chung
den cdc thdnh phdn luc trong lien cung true
giao bang phirong phdp phdn tich thong ke
THIET BI THi NGHIEM
Thi nghiem dugc lien hanh tren mdy tien van
nang Tuda (Nhat Ban) Phdi cd dang dng,
chieu ddi L=80mm, dudng kinh 0 1 0 0 , lam tir
thep hgp kim 9XC (Nga), tdi thd lich dat do
cung HRC 52-55 (hinhl) Thdnh phan hda
hgc cua vai lieu phdi cho Irong bdng 1 Dung
68
cu cat dung trong thi nghiem Id manh CBN ddc hinh tam giac, ky hieu TNGN110308E (SECO-Thuy Dien) Ban kinh mui dao r=0,l, chieu day s=3,I8 (hinh 2) Than dao cua SECO ky hieu CTFNR2525MI1 hgp vdi mdnh dao de tao thanh gdc trudc y = -60, gdc sau a = 60
Bang 1 Thdnh phdn hda hgc cda thep 9XC
c
0,823
V
Si 1,2351
Cu
P 0.0241
W
Mn 0.5862
Ti
Ni 0.0332
Al
Cr Mo 1,113 0.0192
Fe
90-1
•f
U 1
tlzt^
Hinh 1 Phoi va dao dung Irong thi nghiem Cdc thdnh phdn luc cat dugc do bang thiet bj
do luc ba chieu ky hieu PTT>JKD-DL (Vien Ten lua-Viet Nam) nhu hinh 2
Hinh 2 Thilt bj do luc PTNKD-DL TRINH T U T H l NGHIEM
Vdi muc lieu don gian hda qua trinh, thi nghiem xdc djnh dnh hudng cua cdc thdng so che do cat den cac thdnh phan luc cdt dugc thuc hien theo sa do cdt true giao Sa do thi nghiem nhu hinh 3;
Hinh 3 Sa dd thi nghiem lien cung true giao
Trang 3Cac nghien cuu da chung Id quan he phu
thudc giua luc cat vd cdc thdng so che dd cdt
la quan he ham sd mu cd dang: E= CvVs'' (1)
Trong Irudng hgp khdng xet den tuong tac
kep giua cdc bien thi C, r, p, q Id cdc hang sd
De luyen linh hda, logarit hai ve, ham bieu
dien quan he phu thudc giua luc cdt vdo che
do cdt se Id: lnF=lnC-t-rlnv-i-pInt-i-qIns (2)
Vdi SO' dd cat true giao nhu hinh 3, chieu sau
cat t khdng thay ddi vd thanh phan luc hudng
kinh Ey se dugc loai bd Cdc thi nghiem dugc
qui hoach theo ke hoach bac mdt hai nhdn td
d hai muc yeu td nhu trong bdng 2 Ngodi 4
diem thi nghiem can thuc hien theo qui hoach
cdn cd cac thi nghiem dugc Ihuc hien song
song tai tdm Mdi thi nghiem dugc thuc hien
tuong ung vdi chieu ddi cat L=15inm theo
phuang dgc true d chieu sdu cdt cd djnh Id
3mm Cdc du' lieu ghi dugc nhu trong hinh 4
cho thay luc cat tuang ddi dn djnh tren sudt
chieu ddi cat chung td rung ddng Id khdng
dang ke Ket qud thi nghiem dugc tdng hgp
trong bang 3
Bang 2 Cac
Mdc yeu to
-1
+ 1
0
thong so cat va cac mdc gia tri
Van loc cat
v (m/p)
75
245
160
Lugng chay dao
s (mm/v) 0.09 0.12 0.105
•^ v -v i-,-.^- • -—
.''.vV'- '.v>
1
r—^ ^
— 1 ,
/
t
1
I
1
• 1 ;
—
-7\,
Hinh 4 Bien thien cda cac thanh phan lire cat d a)
n=330vg/ph; s=0,l2 mm/vg; b) n=770vg/ph;
s=0.12mm/vg;
Bang 3 Ket qua Ihi nghiem xac dinh cac thanh
phan luc cat
Thi
nghiem
Nhan 16
V s
(m/p) (mm/vg)
75 0.09
245 0.09
Lire cat
Fz (N) F,(N) 1199.41
894.85
297.35 267.09
Thi nghiem
3
4
5
6
7
Nhan to
V
(m,/p)
75
245
160
160
160
s (mm/vg) 0.12 0.12 0.105 0.105 0.105
Luc cat F,(N) 1153.09 1432.56 1362.48 1287.28 1311.52
F,(N) 337.03 417.85 351.48 376.02 361.33
PHAN TICH KET QUA VA THAO L U A N
Hinh 5 Id dd thj dnh budng cua cdc nhdn td van tdc cat v, lugng chay dao s vd tuong tac giua chdng den cdc thdnh phdn lire cat F^ vd
Ex trong lien cdng true giao Phdn tich phuong sai cda cdc thdnh phdn luc cat nhu trong bdng 4
a ) c "
Interaction of Fi vi
v(-.p) Intaractton of Fx n
£ IMJ1
e) f ) :(^ o«s oiB -.:v oTw ' iiS <i
Hinh 5 Anh hudng cda cac nhan to v va s va tuang tac giua chung den cac lhanh phan luc cat
trong lien cdng true giao Bang 4 Phan tich phucmg sai cda cac thanh phan luc cat trong tien cdng true giao
A- AiAlys±3
Source
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T o t a l
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I n t e r a c t i o n
E r r o r
T o t a l
o f V a r i a n c e ;
DP 1
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6 0 9
202S87
234831
8 6 3
438894
o£ V<triance:
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2 4 3 1 1 S3881 4 946S 2
3146 6 68924.2
Fz vsrsus
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6 0 9
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£.61 202.587 1867.36
234831 2164.S7
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6 1 8 136.99
2 4 0 6
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0.04£ 0.000 0.000
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0 000 0.001
Trang 4Phan Quang The vd dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 83(07): 67-71
Md binh phdn lich hdi qui xdc djnh gid trj luc
cat trong he tga do logarit sau khi loai tru cdc
he sd khdng cd nghTa cd dang nhu sau:
LucE^: v = 7.0509-HO.I078.Y,+0.l275.v,.v, (3)
Luc Ex: y = 5,7844-H0,l078x;-H0,0806X,.Y, (4)
Md hinh hodn todn tuong hgp vdi he thdng
thuc nghiem khi thda man lieu chudn Eisher:
E<Ei,; vdi Fb Id gid trj chudn sd Eisher tra
bdng d mdc cd nghTa a=0,05 bac tu do du
fi=l vd bac lu do lap f2=2: Eb=18.5; E Id gid
Irj Ihdng ke Eisher cua cdc thdnh phdn luc cat:
E^= 1.7203 ; F,=3,4861 Gid trj xdc suat P cua
cac nhan Id v, s vd tuong tdc giua chung deu
Idn hon 0,05 chung td cdc he sd cua chung
trong phuong trinh hdi qui Id cd nghTa va
chung cd dnh budng den cdc thdnh phdn luc
cat Phuong trinh bdi qui vdi cdc bien thuc:
F = 3 719 10-^T;3-3903 l.49741m'-6.6020
F = 0 0837v""''^"^\^-^'^^^'"^~^-^^^''^
(5)
(6) Mai bdi qui cua hdm bieu dien luc cdt theo
cdc thdng sd van tdc cdt v vd lugng chay dao
s nhu trong hinh 6 Phdn tich mat hdi qui cho
thdy ro tdc dung tuo-ng ldc giua cdc bien dnh
hudng den cdc gid trj lire cat Tren cd hai do
thj lugng chay dao s cd anh birdng Idn nhdt
den lire cdt tiep theo Id dnh hudng cua tuo-ng
tdc giua lugng chay dao va van ldc cdt Van
tdc cat V cd dnh hudng it hon Phdn tich hinh
dnh mat hdi qui hodn todn phu hgp vdi phdn
lich phuong sai cua cdc thdnh phan luc cdt
bi
• ' 41!
( I I
01
Hinh 6 Mat hoi qui va do thi duong muc cua cac
thanh phan luc cat F^ (a) va F^ (b)
KET L U A N
Trong nghien cdu ndy dnh budng cua cdc
thdng sd che do cdi den cdc thdnh phan luc
cat irong lien cung true giao dd dugc Irinh
bdy Nghien cuu dugc thuc hien tren phdi
thep 9XC vdi dung cu cat CBN Kel qud phdn
lich phuong sai vd phdn lich hdi qui chung td
70
rang md hinh md ta lire cat cd the du doan cac gid trj luc cat vdi do tin cay Id 95% Mdi lien
he giua cac thdng sd cat vd hieu qud qua trinh cdt thdng qua luc cat dugc dugc bieu dien bang md hinh hdm sd mu Phdn tich phuong sai cac ket qua thi nghiem cho thay anh hudng cua lugng chay dao den luc cdt chiem
uu the hon so vdi van tdc cat Ben canh dd tuong tdc giua van tdc cat vd lugng chay dao
cd dnh hudng dang ke den su bien thien cua cdc thdnh phdn luc cat Dieu ndy cho phep xdc djnh dugc vung gia cdng phu hgp cua vat lieu phdi vd dung cu Gia trj cua cac thanh phdn luc tang khi lang gid trj cdc thdng sd cda che do cat Trong nghien cuu nay, gid trj cua thdnh phdn luc cdt tiep tuyen ludn Idn ban nhieu so vdi lire an dao, khdng phu thudc vao dieu kien cat Nghien cuu nay cdn cd the Iam
ca sd de phan tich tinh todn nhiel vd ung suat trong qua trinh gia cdng Phuong phap phan tich nghien cuu de xudt cun^ cd the md rdng hieu qud cho cac qua trinh cat khde
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Huang Y, Chou Kevin Y, Liang SY CBN tool wear in hard turning: a survey on research progresses Int J Adv Manuf Technol 2006;35(5-6):443-53
[2] Lahiff C, Gordon S, Phelan P PCBN tool wear modes and mechanisms in finish hard turning Robot Comput Integr Manuf 2007;23(6):638-44
[3] Nakayama K, Aral M, Kanda T Machining characteristics of hard materials Ann CIRP 1988;37(l):89-92
[4] Strafford KN, Audy J Indirect monitoring of machinability in carbon steels by measurement of cutting forces J Mater Process Technol l997;67(l-3):l50-6
[5] Remadna M, Rigal JF Evolution during time
of tool wear and cutting force in the case of hard turning with CBN inserts J Mater Process Technol 2006;178:67-75
[6] Arsecularatne JA, Zhang LC Monlross C Mathew P On machining of hardened AISI D2 steel with PCBN tools J Mater Process Technol 2006;17l(2):244-52
[7] Huang Y Liang SY Modeling of cutting forces under hard turning conditions considering tool wear effect Trans ASME J Manuf Sci Eng 2005;l27(2):262-70
[8] Chen W Cutting forces and surface finish when machining medium hardness steel using CBN tools Int J Mach Tools Manuf 2000;40(3):455-66
Trang 5ABSTRACT
THE EFFECT OF CUTTING CONDITION ON CUTTING FORCES IN
ORTHOGONAL HARD TURNING 9XC STEEL WITH CBN TOOLS
Phan Quang The, Nguyen Thi Quoc Dung , Hoang Minh Phuc
Thainguyen University ofTechnology - TNU
This paper presents an experimently study of the effects of cutting speed and feed rate on the cutting force components in the orthogonal turning The solid CBN inserts with high containt of CBN were used in hard turning of the 9XC steel tube Two factors cutting speed and feed rate with two levels were performed In the cutting process, force components were measured Analysis of variances for results showed that three factors: cutting speed, feed rate and their interaction had influences on value offerees Among them, speed rate has the largest effect and cutting speed has the lower effect compared with the interaction between cutting speed and speed rate
Key words: Hard turning, cutting forces, cutting tool, analysis of variance, olhogornal hard
turning
Tel: 0915308818; Email: quocdung(d,lnut.edu.vn