Xây dựng phần mềm thiết kế máy tầng sôi liên tục ứng dụng sấy muối tinh

Nhirng nam gan day, cic phuong tien truyen thong da cong bd nhieu cong trinh irng dung nguyen ly say tang soi de thiet ke say nhieu loai san pham dat ket qua khich le, trong dd cd lanh -

NGHIEN cuu - TRAO DOI

X^y dung phan nndm thiet k^ may t^ng sOi lign tuc Ung dung sdy mudi tinh

() BUI TRUNG THANH NGUYEN PHAM DlTC QUYNH

1 Gioi thieu

Cong nghe saj' tang sdi duoc xem la mot trong so cac cdng nghe hien dai dang dugc khuyen khich nghien cim img dung say cac loai vat lieu rdi trong nganh che bien thuc pham, dugc lieu vl hda chat d Viet Nam [7] Nhirng nam gan day, cic phuong tien truyen thong da cong bd nhieu cong trinh irng dung nguyen ly say tang soi de thiet ke say nhieu loai san pham dat ket qua khich le, trong dd cd lanh -vuc say mudi tinh tang sdi lien tuc thay the cho cong nghe say bang may say thung quay hoac say tren may say rung tang soi [7]

Thuc te cho thay, de thuc hien thiet ke hoin chinh mgt he thdng say, ngudi thiet ke phai giai quyet mot khoi lugng Idn cong viec de giai bai toan say tang sdi Toan bg cac noi dung cua bai toan thiet ke nay phai giai tren may tinh bam, trong do, cd nhieu phep tinh phai sir dung phuong phap tinh lap, tinh di, tinh lai nen khd tranh khdi cic sai sdt dan den san pham thiet ke sai nhieu ldi, ml ngudi thiet ke kho, tham chi 11 khdng the nhan ra dugc cho den khi may say dugc che tao xong mdi hay biet Ket qua tiep theo la phai tien hanh hieu chinh lai cic thong so, hieu chinh kich thude che tao, tham chi phai che tao lai

Cic sai sdt trong tinh toan va trong thiet ke da gdp phan lam tang chi phi che tao, keo dii thdi gian hieu chuan thiet bi, gay trd ngai cho cdng tac phit trien cdng nghe say tang soi

Xuat phat tir cic ly do thuc te tren, yeu can can phai cd mgt phan mem de hd trg viec tinh toin thiet ke may say tang soi Phan mem dugc xay dung phii bao dam dugc cac yeu can ciia cong nghe say tang sdi, trg giup dac luc cho ngudi sir dung thuc hien tinh toan thiet ke may say tang soi nhanh, sd lieu chinh xac hon, day nhanh tien do tinh toan thiet ke Tir y nghia vl muc dich dd, chung tdi gidi thieu tdi ban dgc "Phan mem sir dung thiet ke may

say tang soi lien tuc" Cic phan tinh toan cua phan mpm gdm: tinh toin qui trinh say ly thuyet, tinh toan qua trinh

say thuc, xac dinh khong gian say, tinh toin thiet bi phu (Ghi phan phoi khi Cyclone, budng dot cap nhiet gian tiep, calorifer khi - khdi Trong khuon khd bai bao, chimg tdi xin khdng trinh bay phan tinh toin thiet hi phu

2 Dir lieu va phuong phap

2.1 Cac van de chung

De cd the xay dung dugc mgt phan mem thiet ke ml}', van de trudc tien la ngudi thiet ke phii nam virng ciing nhu phai thuc hien dugc cac noi dung co ban ciia cong tac thiet ke mly^ cu the nhu sau:

- Nam •virng dugc cac van de ly thuyet co bin cua cdng nghe say tang sdi, su khac biet co ban ciia nguyen

ly say tang sdi so vdi cac nguyen ly say tinh va say khi dong

- Biet thuc hien tuan tu cac budc de giai bai toin say ly thuyet, bai toin say thuc

De thuc hien tinh toan thiet ke mo hinh may, ngudi thiet ke phai thuc hien hai ndi dung co ban 11: tinh toan qua trinh say thdng thudng vl tinh toan xlc dinh cac thong sd van tdc tac nhan say de tao ra che do say ldp hat sdi on dinh trong khong gian say

Cu the: De thuc hien dugc hai noi dung tinh toan ndi tren, phai tien hanh thuc hien cac budc nhu sau: -Xac dinh cac tinh chat vat ly ciia vat lieu am c ^ say (do am vat lieu dau vio, dau ra, dang lien ket am, nhiet dung rieng, do dan nhiet, kich thude hat vat lieu [5] [6]

(*) Khoa Cong nghe Nhiet lanh - Dai hoc Cong nghiep TP HCM

TAP C H i c a KHi VIET NAM < • So 07-Thang 7 nam 2010

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

- Xac dinh van toe khi hda soi ldp hat toi thieu, van toe khi soi toi uu va van toe khi lam loi cuon hat vat lieu say [9]

- Giai quyet bii toin say ly thuyet, xac dinh cac thdng sd ciia tie nhan say, luong tac nhan tieu thu rieng, nhiet lugng tieu hao rieng, tmh toan trao ddi nhiet ddi luu giira tac nhan say vl vat lieu am trong say tang sdi [8]

-Thuc hien giii quyet bai toin say thuc tren co sd thiet ke dugc khdng gian say (xac dinh dugc ket can ciia buong say hat, budng phan ly hat say ra khdi ludng khi thai, ghi do vat lieu say va phan phoi tie nhan say [2] Diem khlc biet Idn trong thiet ke may say tang sdi 11 phai lira chgn vl xac dinh dugc quan he giira chieu dai vl chieu rgng ciia ghi [1] Neu quan he giira hai kich thude nay khdng dung, se lam cho vat lieu say luu lai trong khdng gian say lau hon muc can thiet, do am trong san pham say se giam den do am can bang, lam tang chi phi tieu hao nang lugng, hoac ngugc lai, thdi gian luu ciia vat lieu qui ngan se khong dii thdi gian tholt am, ket qua 11 chat lugng say khdng dat yeu can

2.2 Thyc hien

Phan mem thiet ke miy say tang soi dugc xay dung tu phan mem Visual Basic[4] LTU diem cua phan mem nay 11 tiet kiem thdi gian vl cdng sire hon so vdi mot so ngdn ngir lap trinh cd can tnic khlc Nd mang tinh true quan cao, cd kha nang hen ket cic thu vien lien ket dgng DLL [3]

Tuan tu cic budc thuc hien kien tao nhu sau:

Xay dung mgt thuat toan tim kiem vl ngi suy cic thdng sd vat ly cua tic nhan say tir mot bang cho trudc Trong ngi dung niy, ta sir dung ky thuat lien ket co sd giir lieu ADO (Active X Data object) De llm dugc viec nay, ta tuan tu giii quyet 3 budc:

Budc 1: Tao ca sd dir lieu la bang thong so vat ly cua khong khi kho bang chuong trinh Microsoft Access

(file data.mdb)

Budc 2: Khdi tao ket noi tir chuong trinh den co sd dir lieu [3][4]

Budc 3: Thuat toan tim kiem vl ngi suy cac thong so vat ly cua khong khi khd theo nhiet do x Ta lay thuat

toan tim kiem vl ngi suy gia tri lam luu do dien hinh (Doc gia tham khao ngi dung nay trong [12])

Sau khi thuc hien xong him tim kiem va ngi suy thong sd vat ly cua khong khi kho cung nhu xay dung dugc luu do, ta tien hinh xay dung thuat toin qui trinh say ly thuyet Thuat toin xac dinh van toe khi soi toi thieu, van tdc tdi han va van tdc sdi toi uu (Xem cac luu do ben dudi) [12]

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Thuat todn (2): Xdc dinh vdn ^.j ^ ^ /^i v ^- i i-^u Thudt todn (1): Say ly thuyet tdc hoa soi idi thieu 'van tdc " ' " ^ '°"'\ ^p' ^"^ * " • ^'^

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TAP CHI c a KHI VIET NAM V So 07 - Thang 7 nam 2010

NGHIEN Ciru - TRAO DOi

3 Ket qua va thao luan

Phan mem dugc xay dung vl bd tri theo dang tab quen thugc cua mdi trudng Windows, gdm cic tab tinh say ly thuyet, tab tinh van toe tac nhan, tab say thuc, tab tinh thiet bi phu va ket qua Trinh tu sir dung phan mem theo thir tu bo tri cac tab

Trinh tu tinh toan tir trai sang phii, nhap sd lieu vio cac 6 ben trai, nhirng 6 nao khong rd se cd chi dan Phan mem cho ngudi dimg tuy chgn nhiet dp khi thai t, (neu tinh t, theo dieu kien lay nhiet do bau udt (tJ lam chuan tinh hoac lay do am tuong doi ciia khi thii trong pham vi 80% [2] thi khong can dinh dau len d t, (hinh 1) Neu ngudi dimg chgn nhiet dp khi thii t, theo thuc nghiem tir mo hinh thi nghiem trudc do thi phan mem se cho phep ngudi sir dung nhap nhiet do t, vao mot each tu nhien (hinh 1)

Sau khi nhap xong sd lieu, ngudi sir dung nhan phim tinh ben phii, giao dien se cho ket qua ciia qui trinh tinh toan ben phii (hinh 2, hinh 3 vl hinh 4) Neu ngudi dimg nhap so lieu ml khdng bam mit tinh, se cd mgt thong bao yen can ngudi sir dung thuc hien dung quy trinh tinh toan [4]

Sau day, chiing tdi trinh bay irng dung phan mem vao tinh toan, thiet ke cho may say mudi tinh cd cd nang suat 3000kg/gid, sir dung gas LPG [11] de dot cap nhiet say Tuan tu cac budc thuc hien va ket qui tinh toin dugc hien thi tren mln hinh duo'c md ta trong cic hinh thu tu ben dudi

3.1 Thyc hien Tab say Iy thuyet

(Hinh 1) trinh biy giao dien cua phan Tab say ly thuyet Giao dien tren hinh 1, yen can phii nhap dugc cic gia tri ve nang suat thiet ke dau vao (Gj), cic thong so ve do am cua muoi tinh dua vao may say (Wj), do

am san pham say va do am can bang (w^J (Do am can bang dugc lay tir ket qua thuc nghiem trudc dd), cdn

do am san pham say dugc lay tir yeu cau chat lugng (w,), do am tuong doi, nhiet do khdng khi vl nhiet do tie nhan say dua vao miy say Sau khi nhap dugc cac so lieu ben trai (hinh 2), tien hinh thuc hien bam vao nut tinh tren giao dien, sau 2 giay se cho ra ket qui cac thong so ben phii (hinh 2), bao gdm dung am cua tac nhan say vao va ra khdi may say (Kgnudc /kgkkk), nhiet lugng rieng (Kj/Kg kk, lugng nudc bay hoi tir vat lieu am W=120,24 kg vdi cong suat nhiet tieu hao Q = 14395 KWh, vdi yeu can cap tic nhan say la 3579,97kg/gid cho sin pham say ly thuyet dat dp am 0,2%, cd khoi luong G,= 2879.76 kg)

Say ly thuyet

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Hinh 1: Hien thi tren man hinh cua tab say ly thuyet, yeu cau can

nhap so heu dau vao ben trai tab

Hinh 2: Ket qua hiln thi tab tinh toan sfiy ly thuySt sau khi

nhap dii s6 heu ben trai cho kk qua tinh ben phai tab

3.2 Tab tinh van toe tac nhan, thoi gian say va Tab say thirc

Thuc hien thao tac cho hai noi dung tinh van toe tac nhan say thdi vao khoi hat va Tab say thuc nay ciing giong nhu phan tich d tren Ngudi sir dung nhap dir lieu vao cic 6 ben trii tuong tu nhu Tab tinh say ly thuyet, nhung 6 nao can tra do thi thi nhan nut nhd ben canh 6 dd, do thi se xuat hien Doi vdi Tab tinh van

TAP CHf c a KHI VIET NAM •> S6 07 - Thang 7 nam 2010

NGHIEN CIIU-TRAO001

toe tie nhan thi dudng kinh hat muoi d m= 9,953 mm, p,^= 2138 kg/m^ ,p = 982kg/m^; C= 0,87Kj/ Kg dp, dupc lay tir ket qui [5] [6] Cac thdng so Biot, he so Fourier (Fo) dupc tham khao vatinh theo [2] Trong do,

6 dudng kinh hat vat lieu nhd nhat dupc chpn d= 0,2mm Kich thude nay cho phep phai duoc tich ra va giir lai d buong phan ly tren budng say Sau khi nhap dii cic thdng sd vio ben trai Tab, ta cd ket qua gia tri cua cac loai van toe tac nhan khi dac trung cua say tang sdi Ngoai ra, cdn cho ket qua v§ cudng do trao doi am U= 799,9028%/gid vdi he so trao doi nhiet khi den hat a = 105,61 W/m- do, ciing vdi thdi gian luu ciia vat lieu am trong miy say la 5,5 phut nam ben phii cua Tab (hinh 3)

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Hinh 3: Ket qua hien tiu tinh toan cac gia tri van toe tac nhan

khi thoi vao khoi hat hoa soi

Hinh 4: Ket qua hien thi cac thong so khi tinh toan say thirc va

kich thuoc khong gian say

Doi vdi Tab say thuc (hinh 4), chieu cao ldp hat trp soi (HJ dupc lay tir ket qui nghien cuu theo [13] Mudi tinh cd dac tinh ket khdi dinh thinh binh khi cd tic dpng nhiet Bang ket qua thuc nghiem chi ra trong [13], yen can phai sir dung ldp mudi khd lam ldp dem de trp soi ngay tir qua trinh gia nhiet Chieu cao ldp dem H^ trong trudng hpp nay dupc chon 200mm Ciing vdi ty le chieu dii vl chieu rpng cua buong say, chpn bang 5 [13] Ket qua xir ly cac thong so nhap vio ben trii ciia Tab cho ket qua tinh d ben phii cua Tab (hinh 4), vdi cac gii tri nhiet lupng rieng cd ich q^^j^ = 2522,17 kJ/kg am, tong nhiet lupng tieu hao rieng q=5454,04 Kg/ Kg am, cimg vdi cong suit cap nhiet Q=182,16KWh, cimg vdi khoi luong muoi tinh am thudng xuyen cd mat tren ghi tren ldp hat trp sdi G'= 32 Kg Dac biet cua ket qui xir ly da xuat ra kich thude budng say (4,22m dai x 0,84mrdng x 0,88m cao) va kich thude budng phan ly phia tren(4,22m dai X 1,6m rpng)

3.3 Tab tinh bo phan phoi khi

Hmli 5: Tab hiln thi tinh toan cac kich thuoc cua bo phan ph6i khi bo tri tren ghi sSy hat

So 0 7 - T h a n g 7 nam2010

NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI

Sau khi tinh toan xong noi dung say thuc mdi tinh den phan tinh toan ghi say va dac biet 11 bd phan phoi khi Theo [] phan mem hudng den chi xay dung tinh toin cho bp phan phoi khi cd ket cau vl hinh dang nhu hinh 5 Ngudi sir dung bam chpn vao 6 mac dinh thi phan mem se lay cac thdng sd theo kinh nghiem va thuc nghiem de tinh, neu khdng chon thi ngudi dimg sif dung theo trinh tu giong nhu thuc hien cac tab d tren Ket qua phan xir ly se cho ra cac kich thuoc d,D,Y,h (hinh 5)

4 Ket luan:

- Da xay dung hoan tat dupc mot phan mem thiet ke miy say tang sdi say vat lieu rdi cong suit nhd vl tmng binh

- Phan mem dupc xay dung hoan toin bang tieng Viet, giao dien de su dung

- Phan mem cd tinh tu dpng hda cao khi cac thong sd vat ly ciia khdng khi kho vl khdi deu dupc tra vl tinh toan tu dong

- Cac thong sd nhap vio khi tinh toan don giin, cic thdng sd xuat ra cd the ap dung cho bai toan thiet ke thuc te

- Cac thong sd trong chuong trinh deu dupc khai bio kieu Double, dang so thuc, cd dp chinh xac kep, ket qua chi dupc lam trdn khi xuat ra tab ket qua, nen phan tinh toan cd dp chinh xlc cao

- Phan mem da dupc chay thir nghiem, doi chieu va so sinh ket qui tren mo hinh thiet ke may say tang sdi lien tuc cong suit 3000 kg/ gid cua chuong trinh KC07 cho ket qui cd dp chinh xlc cao

Pham vi ung dung ciia phan mem:

- Phan mem khong sir dung de tinh toan thiet ke cac kieu say tang sdi khac, nhu say tang sdi rung

- Phan mem chi tinh toan vdi tac nhan say la khong khi dupc gia nhiet qua calorifer, vdi nhien lieu sir dung trong buong dot de gia nhiet khdng khi la than da •

Tai lieu tham khao:

[I] Martin Rhodes, Fluidization of Particles by Fluids, Department of Chemical Engmeering Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, 2001

[2] Tran Van Phii, Ky thuat say, Nha xuat ban Giao due, 2008

[3] Tran van Phu - Dang Iran Thp, Phan mem tinh loan qua trinh say, Tap chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Nhiet, so thang 5.2000 [4] Ngpc Anh Thu, Bi quyet lap trinh Visua basic 6.0, Nha xuat ban Giao due, 1999

[5] Biii Trung Thanh, Xac dinh mpt so thong so vat ly ca ban ciia hat muoi tinh de iing dung trong tinh toan thiet ke say bang may say tang soi hen tuc Tap chi Co khi Viet Nam, so thang 9.2009

[6] Biii Trung Thanh, Nghien ciiu xac dinh kich thuac hinh hpc hat muoi tinh iing dung say bang lop soi Tap chi Khoa hpc Cong nghe Nhiet, s6 3/2009

[7] Bin Trung Thanh, Nghien cim say muoi tinh bang may say muoi tmh tang soi hen tuc Tap chi Khoa hpc Cpng nghe Nhiet, s6 67 tiiang 7/2009

[8] Biii Trung Thanh, Truyen nhiet tii tac nhan khi den hat ran img dimg trong tinh tpan say muoi tinh bang may say tang soi

lien tuc,Tap chi Ca khi Viet Nam, so 146, thang 9.2009

[9] Bui Trung Thanh, Xac dinh van toe khi hoa soi toi thieu tren mo hinh may say muoi tinh tang soi lien tuc Tap chi Ca khi Viet Nam, s6 148, tiiang 11.2009

[10] Bui Trung Thanh,Thiet ke ghi phan phoi tac nhan khi cho may say muoi tinh tang spi lien tuc, Tap chi Nang lupng, s6 72 thang 5.2010

[11] Nguyen Hay-Bui Trung Thanh, "Nghien ciru thiet ke va che tao may ly tam va may say muoi tinh lien tuc trang bi cho day ehuyen san xuat muoi tinh nang suat 3 tan/gio", thuyet minh de tai cap Nha nuac, thang 1/2006

[ 12] Pham Nguyen Dire Quynh, Thiet ke phan mem say tang soi", do an tot nghiep, Dai hpc Cpng nghiep TP Ho Chi Mmh [13] Biii Trung Thanh, Ket qua nghien cim thuc nghiem say muoi tinh bang phuang phap s4y ting soi hen tuc, ehuyen d6 3, luan an nghien cim sinh, 2010

TAP C H i c a KHi VIET NAM • > So 07-Tiiang 7 nam 2010