So sdnh v&i ddc tinh ma sdt hQc cua mpt so vat lipu hgp kim dong chfu mon luypn kim bgt tuang tu cua Lien bang Nga sdn xudt & quy mo cong nghiep cho thay, vdt lipu bimetal thir nghipm dg
Trang 1[ D^C TINH MA SAT HOC VAT LIEU BIMETAL THEP - HOfP
M KIM DONG CHIU MON LUYEN KIM BOT iTNG DUNG LAM BAC TRiTgrr D O N G C O XE 6 T 6 VA M A Y D O N G LITC
TRIBOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS OF HARDWEARING BIMETAL
STEEL -COPPER ALLOY MATERIAL TO MAKE POWDER METALLURGY
IN APPLICATION OF CREATING SILVER SLIDING OF CAR
AND MACHINE ENGINE
TS Le Dire Bao', TS Hoang Minh Tliuan\ PGS.TS Ha Minh Hiiog^
'NCV Vifin Pfadt triln Ky tfaugt, Cdng ngfa? Tien tiln (IDAT)
^Vien Ngfaifin curu Co khi T6MTAT
Bdi bdo gi&i thieu ket qud nghien dm xdc dinh hp so ma sdt vd cu&ng dp mdn nhanh
& quy mo phong thi nghipm cua vgt lipu bimetal thep 08Kn - hgp kim dong BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC ^ (BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC) luyen kim bQt & mgt so che dp thd: nghipm ma sdt kho vd co boi tran v&i dQ nh&t quy u&c khdc nhau So sdnh v&i ddc tinh ma sdt hQc cua mpt so vat lipu hgp kim dong chfu mon luypn kim bgt tuang tu cua Lien bang Nga sdn xudt & quy mo cong nghiep cho thay, vdt lipu bimetal thir nghipm dgt yeu cdu ky thudt cdn thiet de img dung ldm bac trugt dgng caxe 6 to vd mdy dgng lyre CO cong sudt trung binh
Tir khoa: Dgc tinh ma sdt hgc - hp so ma sdt vd cu&ng dp mon; Bimetal ~ hgp kim hai l&p;
NCV - Nghien cuu vien; IDAT - Vipn Phdt trien Ky thugt, Cong nghe tien tien; LKB - Luyen kim bpt
ABSTRACT
This article presents the research results to determine the fiction coefficient and rapid wear intensity at the lab scale ofOSKn bimetal steel-BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC^copper alloy (BCu6Sn6Zn3PbCJ materials to make powder metallurgy in some testing mode with dry fiction and lubricated with various conventional viscosity In comparison with the tribology characteristics of some copper alloys with similar corrosion resistant upon powder metallurgy made in Russian under an industrial scale, bimetal materials satisfy the necessary technical requirements for the application of creating silver sliding of car and machine engine with average capacity
Keywords: Tribology characteristics -friction coefficient and wear intensity; Bimetal
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Trang 2NGHIEN CCrU-TRAO eOi
L D ^ T VAN DE
Bac tnrgl Id cdc chi tiet mdy thupc nfadm
ph\i tung mau mdn, cfadng hdng, dugc thay the
djnh ky vd cd pfaam vi sii dung rat rdng rai trong
cdc d do kilu trugt Vat lieu bimetal, trimetal
ldm bgc truot tuy thupc vdo cfae do ldm viec
quy dpih tfaeo dieu kien tdi trong p.v < [p.v])
Cd thfi quy udc phan logi bgc tnrgt theo nhdm
ldm vi$c d tdi trpng nfad (dpng co dudi 30 ma
Ivc - CV); tdi trpng frung binfa - tur 30 CV din
350 CV, tdi trpng ngng - hi 350 CV din 1000
CV vd sieu ngng - tren 1000 CV [1] Qua cdc
tdi li$u tham khdo ve mdt sd ngfaien cuu ca bdn
d Vi?t Nam [l]-^[3] vd ngodi nudc [4] vfi vat
li?u bimetal thep - hpp kim chiu ddng chiu mdn
\\iy^n kim bpt tdm bac trupt cho thdy, tfadnfa
phdn hda hpc ciia ldp vat li?u hop kiin cfaiu mdn
cd dnh hudng quyet dinh dfin tudi bin ciia bgc
trupt Nfiu hpp kim cd cdng nfailu nguyfin td
fapp kim hda vd cdc chat bdi tron rdn tfai dp bin
mdn cdng cao, nfaung cdng nghe che tgo cdng
phiic tgp Bdi bdo gidi thi?u vl kit qud th\rc
nghiem khdo sdt dgc tinh ma sat hpc doi vdi hai mac vat li^u l\ra chpn (BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC va BCu6Sn6Zn3PbCp luy^n kim bpt ung dyng cfao bac bifin vd bgc palie ddn^ ca xe d td tai h-png din 7,5 tdn, vdi cdng sudt den 350 CV, * nfadm muc tieu danfa gia kfad nang ldm vi^c cua bac trupt bimetal d guy md phdng thi n g h i ^
trudc khi xay d\rag de An tfauc hien sdn xuat thilr nghifim trong dilu kien Vifit Nam dh hodn thi^
cdng nghp de xuat
2 PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN CtfV
a) Vdt li^u thi nghifm: Mau vat li^u bimetal thep bsKn - Hpp kiin ddng BCu6n6Zn3PbC
vd BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC chl tgo bdng cdng nghf luypn kim b$t dupc do h? sd ma sdt dong thdi vdi xdc dinfa lupng mdn nfaanh chi ddi vdi ldp hpp kim ddng tren thiet bi thi nghipm chuyfin dyng TRIBOTESTER hien cd trong nudc d difiu kipn ma sat khd trong mdi tnidng khdng khi vdi ma sdt cd bdi tran hgn chl
Bdng L Thdnhphdn hoa hpc l&p vpt lipu thieu ket tren l&p thep nen [3]
Kj hi^u mic v%t lifu LKB
VLl:BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC
VL2: Bcu6Sn6Zn3PbC
I- : gt 1
Him liryng cic nguySn t6, % kh6i lirgng
Sn 4,0 6,0
Zn 4,0 6,0
Pb 2,0 3,0
c„
1,0 1,0
Cu Con Iji Conidi
Phu gia 1,0-5-2,0 1,0 + 2,0 b) Phirorng phip xic dinh hf s6 ma sit cua
I6p hgp kim ddng chiu mon:
Slj AifDg thidt bj ma sat hpc
TRIBOTESTER co tich hgp cac phin mim
tinh toin xtr ly s6 ligu do ciia hang TTO-TRIBO
technic de thir tren cac miu bimetal 6 trang
thai sau thieu kSt va sau biSn dang can dl xic
djnh hg so ma sat cua vat lieu cr diSu kign ma
sat kho va khi c6 boi tron han ch6 trong diSu
kign phdng thi nghi$m vdi dg im, nhigt dg moi
trudng thijp, tii trgng {hfc dat tai trong khoing 6
-'•12), so v6ng quay true chinh va quang duong
thil cho trucrc TrSn hinh 1 la hinh anh mo ta
so do nguyen 1^ do va giao dien man hinh may
tinh khai bio dieu Men thii nghigm
Hinh I.Sado thir vai giao dien mdn hinh mdy tinh khi nhgp cdc so lieu dohesd ma sdt vgi li?u thu nghiem do he s6 ma sdt tren mdy TRIBOTESTER
ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHJ CO KHl V I £ T NAM, S6 10 nam 2016
Trang 3NGHieN CCrU - TRAO OOl
Hinh 2 Anh chup mdu mdy thu mon nhanh bpc
trugt v&i hp thong boi trcm tudn hodn (b):
1) Bpng ccr dipn trite chinh; 2) Bp truyen ddy dai;
3)<^da tnic chinh; 4) Trifc chinh mang ddu gd lap
bpc; 5) Thung chua ddu boi trcm bpc thu;
6) Co cdu gdy tdi len bac tru0;
7) Bpphdn lpc ddu; 8) Van dieu chinh luu lugng
cdp ddu bdi tran; 9) Thdn mdy;
10) Tu dipn dieu khien
c) Phirong phdp thur mdn nhanh ldp hgp ldm
d6ng chiu mdn trfin bac trugt
Six dyng bdng tfau mdn nhanh bac tnrpt
dfi thi nghipm d quy md phdng thi nghipm vdi
md hmfa thiet ke 3D (hinh 2) vd dnh chyp thiet
hi nay (hinh 2 b) Ddc tinh ky thuat chinh cua
bdng thir mdn nfaanh bgc tnrpt theo tfaifit kfi ciia
nfadm nghien cuu nhu sau: I) Kicfa tfaude bao
fainh cua mdy: 2500 x 1355 x 405 mm; 2) Tdi
trpng thu Idn nhdt: P ^ = 4000 N; 3) Cdng suit
dpng CO chinh va dpng ca bcrm ddu tuong ung:
N, = 5 kW va N^ = 1,5 kW; 4) Kicfa tfaude bac
tnrpt thOr nghi$m: D,,,^^^ = 75 - 125, d,,,^,^ =
70-i-120, B ^ = 5 0 - 1 0 0 mm [3]
Chl dg djt tii thu ap dung tren bac bien
cua dgng ca xe 6 to co tii trgng 3,5 tan theo quy
hoach thuc nghigm tnre giao kilu 3 miic 3 yeu t6 (N = 3') vori ap luc trong bg ddi ma sit
p =1,0; 1,5; 2,0 MPa, so vong quay c6 true
n " 1000; 1500; 2000 vong/phut va dg nhdrt diu boi trcm quy iroc TI= 10; 25; 40 est [3]
3 KET QUA THV'C NGHIf M VA BAN LU^N
a) Hg s6 ma sit vit ligu hg'p kim d6ng chiu mon: Kit qua thi nghigm xae dinh hg s6 ma sit
cho tren eic hinh 2 a-H; Tix do eho thiy:
- He s6 ma sat cua lop hgp kim ddng chiu mon BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^ (VL2: miu No 1
- hinh 2 a) d dilu kign ma sat khd phy thugc vio thdi gian thu mdn vi cd gia tri thay doi
trong khoang tu f,^ 0,165 (khi khdi dpng) din f,^ 0,195 (khi dat thdi gian thi 800 s) Sif
thay ddi cua h^ sd ma sit trong tnrdng hgp nay khdng dang ke va ed xu hudng tang nhg den khi dilt thdi gian thii khoang 480 s, sau dd trd nen dn djnh d mure f=:0,175-i-0,195saukhidat thdi gian thii t = 560 s vi dd thi bilu dien (f) khdng ed dao dgng quanh gii trj do mgt cich ding ke
- He sd ma sat cui ldp hgp kim ddng chju mdn BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC^ (VLl: Miu No 2 -Hinh 2 b) cd xu hudng tang manh tii thdi diem khdi ddng ^ j= 0,22 din gii trj gin tdi mire dn djnh f J = 0,3 (khi dat thdi gian thir t = 240 s)
va cd gii tri dn djnh f ^ = 0,3 -*- 0,35 trong thdi gian thu t = 400 H- 800 s, ldn gip = 2 lin so vdi trudng hgp d mau sd 1 vi do d ehe dp ma sit khd Dd thi bieu dien (f) khdng cd dao dgng quanh gii trj do mdt each dang ke, hg so ma sat tang rat ding ke va sau thdi gian ngan bona da dat gii tri dn djnh
ISSN 0866-7056
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Trang 4N G H I E N CCfU - TRAO D 6 |
-r^^
"t !TT.-r:
^ I
!-:^ — 1
-a) b) - "' , Hinh 2 Bd thi he sd ma sdt phu thuQC vdo thai gian thd mon va lite ma sdt mdu vat lipu hap kim dong ldm
bgc trusrt khi thir vai v = 127,7 mm/s: S= lOOm; R = 6 mm: moi tntang thd khong khi
I = 20''C: dg dm 90 %: a)p = 6N, ma sdt khd; (No 1 - VL2); b)p = 12 N; ma sal kho (No 2 - VLl);
c) Co ddu boi tran hgn che (No.3 - VL2)
- Hg so ma sit eua ldp hgp ldm ddng
chju mdn BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC|j, (VL2: Mau sd 3
- hinh 5.10) d dilu kign ma s i t bdi tron h ^
chl ed ffli trj trong khoing ^ = 0,14 (khi khdi
ddng) den f ^ = 0,125 (khi dat thdi gian thu mai
mdn d m t e 800 s) vi do thii m i u cd dau bdi tron
v i cd d$c diem k h i dn djnh ngay tu thdi diem
khdi ddng ^ = 0,12, trong suot khoang thdi
gian thu t = 800 s Syr thay ddi cua hg sd ma s i t
trong trudng hgp nay k h i rd n6t, cd xu hudng
giim tit luc khdi dgng d i n khi dat thdi gian thii
khoing 80 s thi trd nen dn dinh d muc f = 0,125
* 0,13 Tuy nhi8n, tai thdi dilm thdi gian thir
d?t trong khoang 480 * 800 s, cd hien tugng
dudng cong bieu dien hg so ma sit cd dao dgng
quanh gii tri do tuong ddi rd net, nguyen nhan
cd thi do higu qui cua lugng d i u tham udt bdi
tron miu thir ban d i u giim m^nh
- Tdng hgp cac ket qua th\rc nghiem eua
cic mau No I, No.2 v i No.3 khi giam djnh vdi
dieu kign thu ma sat khd va cd bdi tron h ^ c h l
trong mdi trudng khdng khi cho thiy vat li$u
hgp kim ddng BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC sau thieu kit
d dieu kign chit tai khac nhau cS hg sd ma sit
khi ldn khi khdng cd chit bdi trom (£ yf =
0,175/0,22 va f^^^f ^ = 0,2/0,3) Tu 3 dd Aj tten
v i hinh 2 a+c thiy rd quy luat: Khi lue ma sit
cang tang thi hg sd ma sat tang, dieu dd dan d i n
lugng m^dn do ma sit tang, my nhien, khi thir
ttong dieu kign ed d i u bdi ttcm (mau No 3) thi
hg sd ma sit giim t i t ding k l va cd g i i tti h i u
nhu chi gan bang 1/2 so vdi khi thir d dilu kign
ma s i t khd (mau No.l va No.2) So sinh doi chilu vdi tinh nang ma s i t hge cua m^t sd mic hgp kim d i n g chju mdn luygn kim bdt tuong duong cua Lien bang Nga sin xuit cdng nghi$p,
ta cd k i t lu$n ring: Hgp kim ddng chju mdn h$ B,Cu4Sn4Zn2PbC^ v i BC6Sn6Zn3PbC do
de tai ehe thii hoin toan dat yeu eau chit lugng theo tieu ehi hg s6 ma sit can dat Co sd khoa hgc cua vigc so sinh lugng mdn nhanh khi thii ttong quy md phdng thi nghi$m d6i vdi vjt ligu hgp kim d6ng chju mdn hg BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC •
v i hg BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC vdi v | t li^u tucmg tv dugc chl tao d ngoii nude, ta ed so ligu tiich dan dudi d i y [4]:
-I- Lugng mdn nhanh k h i o s i t d dilu ki$n
ma sat khd trong quy md phdng thi nghigm cOa mgt sd hgp kim dong chju mdn mac BpOX5-10 ling vdi m i t dO tucmg doi 98 * 100 % l i I^, = 0,064 * 0,06 |jm/km, cdn khi mat dg tuong dli
90 -i- 95 % l i 1^3 = 0,05 + 0,07 (unflon;
^ -i- H^ sd ma sit d dilu ki$n ma sit khd ciia mgt sd hgp kim d i n g chiu mdn EpOXMc
5102 ung vdi mat dO tuong doi 98^100 % l i \^
-0,004 -!- 0,014 jun/km, cdn khi mat dg Mong d6i
90 * 95 % l i I^j = 0,005 + 0,02 | W k m ;
-t-H$ so ma sit d dieu kign ma sit khd ciia mgt sd hgp kim d i n g chju mdn BpOXMc5-10-4 ling vdi mat dg ttiong ddi 98 -i- 100 % l i I^, =
0,003 * 0,01 pm/km, cdn khi miit dg tucmg dli
90 - 95 % li'lj^ = 0,004 + 0,015 pm/km;
ISSN 0866-7056
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Trang 5NGHieNCCrU-TRAODOl
+ Hp so ma sdt d dieu kien ma sdt
khd cua mpt sd hpp kim ddng cfaiu mdn
BpOXMcrp5-10-l-l ung vdi mat dp tuong ddi
98 - 100 % Id I^, = 0,0045 - O.oie ^un/km, cdn
khi mat dp tuong doi 90 ^ 95 % la I^ = 0,004 ^
0,02 jrni/km;
+ He sd ma sat d dieu kien ma sdt
khd cua mpt sd hpp kim ddng chiu mdn
EpOXMcFpS-10-2-2 ung vdi mat dp tuang ddi
98 - 100 % la I,, = 0,004 - 0.oi3 pm/km, cdn
khi mat dp tuong ddi 90 95 % Id 1^ = 0,005
-0,016 tun/km
b) Xdc djnh lirpng mdn nhanh ciia Idp vjit
ti^u hgrp kim ddng chiu mon tren bac tnrgt
bimetal, trimetal che thu*
Tu cdc sd li$u thuc nghifim cfao
trong cdng trinh [3], kfai tfai ngfaiem kfado sdt
lupfng mdn nhanh ddi vdi hpp kim ddng hp
BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^ (BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC^ vai
dieu kien quy hoach thyc nghipm vdi p , n vd
Tl da nfiu trfin ddy cho thdy:
- Lupng mdn tdng cdng cua fapp kim
ding BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC do diroc sau khi kit
tfaiic cfau trinfa tfaii vdi quang dudng tfai cd gid tri
trong kfaodng tiJr U^'^^jj^^^^ = 0,53 -^ 0,55 \an, cdn
cudng dp mdn tuang umg cd gid tri bdng I =
0,0054 ^un/km (mdu sd 1) din Ut»> , =0,67
-i- 0,685 pm va Im(9) = 0,006775 pra/km (miu
sd 9), d^t ttong khoang gii trj cudng dg mdn
cua hgp kim ddng ehiu mdn BpOXMe5-10-2
ciia Lien bang Nga ehe tao
- Lugng mdn tdng cgng ciia hgp kim
ddng BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^ do dugc sau khi kit
thiie ehu trinh thir vdi quing dudng thu cd gii
ttj tt^ng khoing tir M™^,^= 0,32 - 0,33
pm, cdn cudng dg mdn tuong img cd gii trj
bing I = 0,00325 pm/km (miu sd 10) din
U < ' \ , ^ ^ = 0,53 + 0,54 pm va I , = 0,00535
pm/km"(mlu sd 18), dgt ttong Bioing gii tri
cudng dg mdn cua cic hgp kim ddng chiu
nhu BpOXMc5-10-4; BpOXMc5-10-l-l;
BpOXMc5-10-2-2 ciia Lien bang Nga chl tao
- Luong mdn tdng edng ciia hgrp kim ddng BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^ do dugc sau khi ket thiic chu ttinh thu vdi quang dudng thu cd gia
ttj ttong khoang tir Vl^„,^ = 0,355 j 0,365
pm, cdn eudng dp mdn tuong iing cd gii tti bing I = 0,0027 pm/km (miu so 19) den Ui™_,_ = 0,53 * 0,54 pm vi !„,„,, = 0,0036 pm/km (mau sd 27), dat trong kfaoang gia tri cudng dd mdn cua cdc hpp kim ddng chiu nhu BpOXMcS-10-4; BpOXMc5-10-1-1; EpOXMc5-IO-2-2 cda Lien bang Nga chl tao c) Danh gid t6ng hgp ve d$c tinfa ma sat hgc cua vdt li^u BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^ sau tfaiSu kit
va bien dang can Kit qud thyc ngfaipm cho phdp dua ra ddnfa gid vl quy ludt mdn cua ldp v$t lipu hpp kim dong chiu mdn (ldp lam viec chong ma sdt chu ylu Id BCu6Sn6Zn3PbCg^) nhu sau: Trong logt 09 thi nghifim dau tien (mdu No.01-H)9) ddi vdi fapp kim ddng cfaiu mdn d trang thdi sau khi thifiu kit vd bifin dang cdn cd dp xdp the tich trung binfa khd ldn (y* = 16,05 ^ 10,73 %), cdn mgt dp tucmg iing cd xu hudng tang vd gid tri trong khodng p* = 7,5387 -s- 8,0164 g/cm^ Vdi dac dilm co - ly difin hinh ciia nhdm mdu thi ngfaiem nay Id dp xdp ldn, nfin cd dnh hudng manh tdi d0 bin mdn Idii ma sdt, dgc bipt Id trong tnidng h^fp thi nghipm bdi tron hgn chfi Ngodi ra, cdc yeu to thii nghipm nfau dp luc ma sdt va dp nhdt quy udc trong bpi ddi ma sat cimg cd dnh fairdng tdi cudng dp mdn cua cdc mdu vgt Hpu tuong iing cd dp xdp khdc nhau
- Trong logt 09 thi nghifim tifip theo (mdu No.10-^18) doi vdi fapp kim ddng chiu mdn d trang thdi sau kfai thifiu kit vd bien dang can cd^ dp xdp the ticfa trung binfa da
gidm dang ke (y* = 11,62 ^ 6,35 %), cdn mgt
dp tuong ling tang manh vd cd gid tri trong khoang p* = 7,9365 - 8,4097 g/cm^ Vdi dac tinh dd cua nhdm mau thi nghipm nay Id dp xdp khdng qua ldn, nfin cd dnh faudng ldm gidm manfa cudng dp mdn xudi^ mpt cdcfa ddng kl, dilu dd ddn tdi tang dp bin mdn khi ma sat ddc bi^ Id trong •"
ISSN 0866 - 7056
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Trang 6NGHieN CU'U-TRAOD6I
trudng hgp thi nghiem bdi tron h^n che tuong t\r
nhu vit Ugu do Lien bang Nga che t?o
- Trong loat 09 thi nghiem tilp theo
(miu No 19+27) ddi vdi hgp kim ddng chiu
mdn d trang thii ngay sau khi thieu ket va bien
dgng can cd do xdp the tich trung binh da giim
m?nh (Y* = 8385 -!- 5,85 %), cdn mat dg tuong
ung tang manh vi ed gii hi frong khoing p*
= 8,2301 -1- 8,4546 g/em' Vdi diu cd do nhdt
quy udc d miic eao nhat {x\ = 40 est), cudng dg
mdn ldp hgp kim ddng dat gii trj trong pham vi
tuong tu nhu vgt hgu do Lien bang Nga chd tao
vi dat yeu eiu dl ra cua de tii du kien de che
tao b^e trugt dgng co xe d td cd tii ttgng tii 3,5
tan den 7,5 tin
- Quy luit dl nhan thay d 03 Id thi
nghigm tten day li cudng dg mdn trung binh
(Im) cua ldp vjt ligu BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC d
trgng thii sau khi thieu ket cd xu hudng tang
nhg vi ty lg thu^ theo chieu tang cua ip l\rc
ma sit (p^^) va tdc dg trugt thdng qua sd vdng
quay tr^c chtnh mang dia mai doi img vdi mau
vit ligu khio sit (n) va giim ty 1? thuin d miic
dg m ^ vdi chifiu tang cua dg^ nhdt quy udc
cua dau bdi from sir d\mg (r\) Dieu do de chung
minh bdi khi ip Ivrc ma sat cing ldn thi hign
tugng trugt giira hai be mgt ma sit (idp hgp
kim ddng chju mdn vi chi tiet tiep xiic ma sit
doi ling) giim, tir dd din din eudng dg cg xit
cua hai be mgt tiep xiic vdi nhau tang, lim cho
lugng mdn tang
- Boi vdi he hgp kun ddng hg chju
mdn BCu4Sn4Zn2PbC^ do ed him lugng ciia
nguyen to thilc (Sn) va eic ehit bdi tton rin
(Pb; Zn, Cgr) thip hon hjip kun khio sit da neu
ttSn day thi vl nguySn tie se cd cudng dg mdn
cao hon khi thu d eic ehe dg tuong ling fren
mau vjt ligu BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC (xem cae dd
thj ttve quan d mtie 5.4 dudi dij^)
- Tir bing sd ligu thong ke toin hgc thgc
nghigm theo quy hogch N = 3' da xiy dtmg
dugc md hinh toin hjc bic hai sau khi thay
bien thvc vi nlu kl den eic sd hang bilu diln
sv inh hudng cap ddi va cgp ba dong thdi giira
3 tiidng sd diu vao khio sit (p, n va ii) cd dgng nhu sau:
U „ * 2 = f(p,n,ii) = 0,65ii
0,06l.p-0,0000274.n - 0,0163.T) + 0,000067.p.n + 0,00189.p.Ti + 0,00000177.n.ri + 0,0278.p^ -)•
- 4,85.10-'.rf-I-0,000106.11^ (1)
Su dung phin mem tin hgc ehuyen dyng Martab ta cd cio dd thj d dang 2D vi 3D md phdng lugng mdn ldp hgp kim chju mdn liy vi d\i tren bgc bifin dgng ea xe d td tii trgng 3,5 tin thur nghiem trfin bang thii mdn nhanh bgc trugt vdi mifin l\ra ehgn cua 3 thdng so khio sit (p), (n) va (TI) cho tten eie hmh 3 + 5 dudi day Phin tieh eic dd thj d dgng 3D bilu diln quan he tic dgng ding thdi eua 3 thdng sd khio
sit (p), (n) va (y\) tdi him myc tidu lugmg mdn trung binh (U.„) vi cudng dg mdn dj cia ldp
hgp kim ddng BCu6Sn6Zii3PbC^ frfin cie hinh nay cho thiy:
-^ Khi sd vdng quay ol tryc ting thi tic
d^ trugt tuong doi giira bfi mgt ldp hgp kjm
chju mdn ttfin bgc trugt vdi bfi mgt co tivc ting, dieu dd mgt mat cd thi lim giim h$ s6 ma sit giiia chdng (ttong eiing mgtdilu kign bdi ttcm)
d m$t mic dg nio dd vi din tdi giim cudng
dg mdn trung binh (I J Tuy nhien, dudi tic dvmg ding thdi ciia ea 3 thdng s6 khio sit dlu vio (p), (n) va (ri) ttong gidi hgn miln khio sit
d cic chl dg flii nghifim theo quy hogeh ttivrc nghigm cho thiy ket qui tong hgp li (1J ed xu hudng tang nhg theo chilu tang cua (p) vi (n)
-t- Dg nhdt eda dau bdi tton (t]) vl nguyfin
ly cd inh hudng mgnh tdi eudng dg mdn (I J ,
vi khi (ll) tang thi he sd ma sit giua cic chi iSt cgp ddima sit tiui nghifim giim ding kl, dilu
dd se din den (I ) giim mgnh Chinh vi s^r anh hudng ngugc chieu cua d0 nhdt diu bdi tton dfin cudng dg mdn so vdi hai thdng sl tii frgng thu (p) vi sd vdng quay cd trye doi ung vdi bgc trugt thir nghifim (n) nen eudng cudng d$ mdn (IJ ldp hgp kim chju mdn ttfin bae ttirgt chi tang nhg ttong khoang 2,587 -s- li,07 % tinh ttong toin mifin khio sit ciia (p), (n) vi (TI)
ISSN 0866-7056
TAPCHlcaKHlVl$TNAM,Sd 10nam2016
Trang 7l : ^
^ a; _ b) c)
Hinh 5.15 Bo thf 3B bieu diin su dnh hu&ng dong th&i cua dp nh&t dau boi trcm (if) vd so vong quay co true (n) den lugng mon trung binh (U^^ vd cu&ng dp mdn l&p hgp ldm chiu mon (IJ cda bac trugt trimetal
thep 08Kn - BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC - B16 a tdi trpng (p) khdc nhau
Hinh 5.16 Bo thi 3B biiu diin su dnh hu&ng dong th&i cua dp nh&t dau boi tram (TJ) vd tdi trpng (p) den lupng mdn trung binh (Uj^ vd cu&ng dp mon l&p hgp kim chiu mon (IJ cda bac trugt trimetal thep 08Kn
- BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC -B16&s6 vong quay co true (n) khdc nhau
5 : :
Hinh 5.17 Bd ihj 3D bieu dien su dnh hu&ng dong th&i cua tdi trpng (p) vd so vong quay co trpc (n) den cu&ng dp mon l&p hgp ldm chiu mon (IJ cua bpc trugt trimetal thep 08Kn - BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^- Bid &
dp nh&t quy u&c cua ddu bdi tran (ri) khdc nhau
+ Ddnh gid cdc sd lieu nfadn dupc ve
lupng mdn ldn nhat/nhd nhdt U^^^AJ.^^ ta xdc
djnh dupc cudng dp mdn tuong iing (I Jmax/(I^)
mm cua ldp vat lipu (BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC^ cd ldp
phli B16 vdi chilu day 0,08 - 0,11 ^un) khi thi
nghipm vdi s6 vdng quay cd tr\ic ldp ddi iing vdi
bgc bifin d§ng co xe 6 td tdi trpng 3,5 tdn thir
nghipm d cac cfai dp: p = 1,0 ^ 2,0 MPa; r| = 10
-^ 40 est cd gid h:i trong kfaodng I^ = 0,006025 -^
0,0027 pm/km (n = 1000 vg/ph); I^ = 0,00625
^ 0,002825 pm/km (n = 1500 vg/ph) vd I^ =
0,006775 - 0.0029 [un/km (n = 2000 vg/ph) + So sdnh cudng dp mdn trung binh (I ) khi thii ngfaiem d miic trung binh cua sd vdng quay true ddi iing trong bp ddi ma sdt vdi bac trupt thu nghipm (n = 1500 vg/ph) vdi miic dudi (n = 1000 vg/ph) trong miln khdo sdt cua tdi trpng thii p = 1,0 -^ 2,0 MPa vd dp nfadt ddu bdi tron TI = 10 -^ 40 est cfao tfady (I ) cd xu
faudng tang nfap trong kfaodng 3,6 ^ 4,42 % 's
ISSN 0866-7056
TJSP CHi CO KHl V I £ T NAM So 10 nam 2016
Trang 8-^ Cudng do mdn trung binh (Im) khi thii
nghiem vdi tii trgngp = 1,0 + 2,0 MPa; i] = 10 +
40 est vi d ehi do sd vdng quay ed tttie ddi ling
vdi bgc trugt thu nghigm n = 2000 vg/ph (muc
trfin) ed gii tri tang Ien so vdi che do n = 1500
vg/ph (mire trung binh) ttong khoing 7,749 +
2,587 %
-I- Cudng do mdn trung bmh ( I J khi thu
nghifim vdi tii trgng p = 1,0+ 2,0 MPa; ii=10 +
40 est vi d chfi dg sd vdng quay cd tryc ddi ling
vdi bgc trugt thir nghiem n = 2000 vg/ph (mirc
tten) cd gii trj tang len so vdi ehe dg n = 1000 vg/
ph (muc dudi) trong khoing 11,07+ 6,896%
Qua vific danh gia eudng dg mdn eua ldp
hgp kim ddng ed ldp phii babit B16 trfin diy da
khang djnh dugc khi nang lim vigc tdt, dim bio
cic chi tieu ma sit hgc ciia vgt ligu ehiu mdn,
cimg nhu khi nang lip rap thay till cho dgng co
sua chira dat yfiu can ky thugt cin tiiilt
4 K E T L U J ^ N
1) Hg sd ma sit eua hgp kim ddng
BCu4Sn4Zn2PbCgr vi BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC d
cd gii tti bing: f = 0,16 + 0,23 (ma sit khdevi
f= 0,125 + 0,13 (cd bdi tton han chfi) vdi tii
ttgng thir (tdc dg mrgt, lyc dat tii) khie nhau,
dim bio yeu ciu lim vific cua bac tnrgt ttong
dgng CO xe d td cd tai ttgng ttimg binh (tir 3,5
tin din 7,5 tin) d gam edng suit din 350 CV
2) Lugng mdn nhanh tnmg binh ( U ^ vi
cudng dg mdn hrong triig (I J cua bgc bien d0ng
CO xe 6 td tai ttgng 3,5 tin, fliii nghigm phy fliugc
vio ap l\rc ma sit (p), so vdng quay ttve chmh (n)
vi dg nhdt quy udc eiia diu bdi tton (ri), dugc
bifiu diln bang md hinh toin hgc bae hai d cdng
tiiirc (1), md ti ra quy lugt chung vl s\r inh hudng
ciia 3 tiidng sd dd tdi him muc tieu cin tim doi
cua ldp vgt ligu BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC ttfin bgc ttugt
chfi thu So sinh dli chilu vdi so lieu cdng bd
cua bgc hnrgt luy^n kim bgt nrong duong do Lien
bang Nga sin xuit d quy md cdng nghigp da minh
chdng dugc khi nang lim vific tdt vi cho tiiiy kit
qui fliue nghigm phu hgp ly tiiuyfit bdi tran ma
sit vi mai mdn
3) Bing md hinh toin hgc tii^c nghiem (1) cd till dilu chinh chl dg bdi tton ma sit de phdng doin eudng dg mdn (Im) cua ldp hgp kim ddng chju mdn hfi BCu6Sn6Zn3PbC d dieu kien lam viec tuong duong vdi khi thu nghiem mdn nhanh ttong phdng thi nghiem, ding tiidi ehi djnh dugc chfi dg thifiu kfit vi cin tinh ehinh hgp ly ttong mifin eic gii tti Itra chgn khio sit,
dim bio tinh chit co \f vi tinh chit ma sit hgc
cua vat lieu hgp kim ddng chju mdn dgt yeu ciu chit lugng tdt dl sil d\mg lam bae ttirgt, lam vific
d chl dg tii frgng ldn vi cd thi ip dung cho viec chfi tgo thii bgc trugt dgng co xe d td ed tii ttgng
td 3,5 tin dfin 7,5 tin (cdng suit danh nghia tir 250C.Vdln350C.V).->
Ngiy nhan bii: lS/9/2016 Ngiy phin bign: 20/10/2016 Tai lifu tham khio:
[1], Hi Minh Himg; Nghien dm chd tgo vgt li^u hai tap chiu mon thep 08Kn ~ hop kim nhom he
Al-Sn-Cu ditng ldm bgc tru0 dgng ca 6 to cong sudt vira
vd nho, Bdo cao ting kit dfi tai NCKH cip Bp Cong
Thuong nam 2012 (ma so 43-12/RD/HD-KHCN, Vifin Nghien cim Co khi Hi Ndi, 2012
[2] Hi Minh Hiing; Nghien ciru cong nghe che tgo vgt lieu hap kim 3 lap (trimetal) ung dgng ldm dia
ma sdt cita bd ly hop dgng ca mdy dgng lite, may
cong trinh, Bdo cio tong kit dl tii NCKH cip Bg Cong Thuong nam 2013, raa sd 119.13/RD/HD-KHCN, Vifin Nghien cira Co khi Ha Ndi, 2013
[3] Ha Minh Hiing; Nghien dm img dgng cong ngh? phoi hgp luyen kim bgt vd xd ly bd mgt de che tgo vgt lieu trimetal thep - hgp kim ddng - lap phi dgc bigl ldm bgc trugt dgng ca d to tdi trgng lin thay Ihe hdng nhgp khdu" (ma so: 61 /HD-LHHVN), Bdo
cio tong kit dl tdi Lien hifip Hgi Vifit Nam, Vifin Phit trien Ky thuat Cong nghfi Tien tiln (IDAT), Ha Ngi, 2016
[4] H M cDeflopcHKo H flpyrae, (1978): "CaoiierBa
nopouiKOB MerajuioB, TyroroiaeKHX coctwHcmm
H cneHeHHbix MarepHajioa", KHCB, HMST-BO:
"HayKOBa llyMKa", 183 cxp
ISSN 0866.7056
TiM'CHJCOKHlVlETNAM.Sd 10nam2016