Do vEiy, neu triu dugc dlt ldm nguon cung cap nang lugng sg giai quyet dugc khong nhijng ve sy thieu hut nguon nhien lieu hien nay ma con giai quyet dugc vdn de ve moi truang nong nghiep
Trang 1KET QUA NGHIEN CUU THIET KE CHE TAO VA THlf NGHIEM
C\ LO DOT TRAU THEO NGUYEN LY XOAY LY TAM
' %^ Chu Van Thien' Nguyin Xuan Thuy ^
TOM TAT
Bdi bdo gidi lhi§u kit qud nghien cthi thiit ke vd chi tgo Id ddt trau lheo nguyen ly xody ly tdm quy md
50 - 80 kg Irdu /h Trdu ducrc dfnh hrang bdng vit ldi vdi so vdng quay dieu chinh duuc lir 20 - 40 v/ph, vd dirac ngp vdo budng ddt bdng khi dgng vdi liru luang khi thdp nhdt 839 m^/h Luu hrang khi sa cdp 900 m^/h duac cdp bdi qugt ly tam ddng ca 2,2 kW vdi toe do khi 21,5 m/s Khi ihu cdp dirac cdp nha qugt gid cd lm luang 500-600 m^/h; 0,75 klV duac lach ihanh 2 ddng: 410 m^/h ten budng ddt phti vdi toe dg 19.6 m/s, vd
120 m^/h vdi tdc dg 13 m/s vao budng ihu h-o di ldm mdt ghi vd ngugi tro Budng ddl duac ldm bdng vgt liiu chju lira vdi vd thep, kich thu&c budng ddl chinh DxH = 1.1 x 1,7 mvd budng ddt phy DpXHp = 0,56x 1,35 m Ghi Id bdng gang chiu nhiel du&ng kinh 0870 be ddy 30 mm vdi h? so thodt 8,6 % Tro duac xd bdng cdnh ggt quay v&i tdc do 5-30 v/ph sau dd duac thdo ra nhd vil ldi vdi toe do 30 v/ph Nhi^t dg tdm Id dgt cao nhdt (845 - 87(fC) khi khi sa cdp dgi 750 m^/h vd khi thu cdp lif 290 - 360 ni^/h, cho hiiu sudt Id dgi 82,7 - 82,9% Ld cd thi ddl tdl khi iuang Irdu cdp ien den 120 kg/h
Tir khoa: Ld ddl, ly tdm, khi sa cdp, khi ihu cdp, chdi bde
DESIGN, MANUFACTURE A CYCLONIC HUSK FURNACE AND RESEARCH ON
CYCLONIC HUSK BURNING TECHNOLOGY
Chu Van Thien ', Nguyen Xuan Thuy' SUMMARY
This paper shows the research results of design, manufacture a cyclonic husk furnace with husk consumption of 50-80 kgs per hour, and research on cyclonic burning technology An auger with regulable rotation from 20 - 40 rpm is used to supply husk After auger, husk is blown to the burning chamber by minimum air volume of 839 m'/h Primary air of 900 m^/h is supplied by a centrifugal fan with in-tube air velocity of 21.5 m/s using electric motor 2.2 kW Secondary air of 500-600 mVli is provided by a centrifiigal fan using electric motor 0.75 kW This secondary air volume is divided into 2 ways: one of 410 m'/h with velocity 19.6 m/s to supplementaiy burning chamber, and other of 120 m^/h with velocity 13 m/s to ash chamber for cooling grate and ash Burning chambers are fabricated with refractory and steel in outer layer Dimension of main burning chamber is D x H = 1.1 x 1.7 m, and of supplementary burning chamber is Dp xHp
= 0.56 x 1.35 m Grate with an opening ratio of 8.6 % is made of cast iron with diameter of 870 mm, and 30
mm thick Ash is forced to fall to collecting chamber by rotating a bar above the grate, then is discharged by using an auger with rotation of 30 v/ph Burning area temperature gains maximum of 845 - 870°C when primary air volume of 750 m^/h, and secondary air of 290 - 360 m^/li, then furnace efficiency is 82.7 - 82.9% This fiimace works well with husk consumption up to 120 kgs per hour
Keywords: Burner, centrifiigal, primary air, secondary air, volatile matter
I DAT VAN DE
Trong cac loai phe thai nong nghiep, triu la Hien nay triu chua duoc dimg hit, phin lon loai phe thai ddng quan tam nhat do co trG lugng ^ang lam 6 nhilm moi truang mgt each nghiem nhieu, va tinh dac thii rieng Trau la phe lieu cua trong
mgt qud trinh chl biln quy mo lon nen CO tinh tap So sanh triu vai hai dang nhien lieu hoa trung eao Hipn nay, san Iugng thoc ciia ca nuac thach dang duge sir dung nhilu trong san xuat gan 42 trieu tan/nam Voi ty le 20%, lugng trdu thiy rdng: khi su dyng 1 kg than da hit 4.000 d tuong duong khoang tren 8 trieu tan/nam thi chi phi d l eo dugc ciing mgt lugng nhiet
nang nhu vay (25 MJ), chi mit 342 d nlu su
TS Vi^nca dien nong nghiep va cons nghe STH j - u- i 1 1 - ^ ^ ^ L- i,-' ThS Vis„ ca dien n6„g nghifp va cong nghe STH i,-'i,-'^ng trau, thap hon 11,7 lan Tticmg tu, ch, phi
8 TAP CHi CONG NGHIEP NONG THON - SO 10 • 2013 '^
Trang 2khi Sli dung triu re hon dimg diu diesel 43 lin
Do vEiy, neu triu dugc dlt ldm nguon cung cap
nang lugng sg giai quyet dugc khong nhijng ve sy
thieu hut nguon nhien lieu hien nay ma con giai
quyet dugc vdn de ve moi truang nong nghiep
Da CO nhieu nghien cuu de tim ra cde
nguySn ly d6t eiing nhu kieu dang 16 dk dlt triu
mgt each hieu qua Ciing da co nhung thilt bi
de ep trau thanh cui a nhieu nuac va hien eiing
dang dugc sir dung 6 dong bdng song Ciiu
Long Tuy nhien, viec ep triu doi hoi ehi phi
mgt nang lugng kha lon Viec sii dung triu roi
se kinh te hon rat nhieu va dde biet tien lgi khi
sir dung ngay tai co so xay xat liia gao
Co nhieu nguyen ly dot trau rai duge gioi
thieu, song nguyen ly dot hieu qua thi gap tro
ngai ve chi phi diu tu va van hanh, nguyen ly dot
don gian vai chi phi thap thi hieu suat dot khong
cao Lo dot kieu xoay ly tam dd dugc nghien ciiu
va phat trien kha hieu qua a Thdi Lan, do vay de
tai "Nghien ciiu thiet ke, che tao va thir nghiem 16
dot trau theo nguyen ly xody Iy tam quy mo
50 - 80 kg trau/gio" dugc dat ra de co the nam
bat va lam chu dugc nguyen ly dot nay
n NQl DUNG VA PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ
2.1 Vat lieu
Triu dugc mua tir nha may xay xdt co
thdnh phin ghi 6 bangl, dugc phan tich tai
Phong thi nghiem cua Vien Hoa hoc - Truong
Dai hgc Bach Khoa
Bdng 1 Thdnh phdn cua trdu nguyen lieu
Thanh p h k
Cacbon Co dinh, %
Chatb6c,%
Do im %
Tro, %
C tone s6, %
Nhilt tri, KJ/kg
T* trong, kg/m^
Gia tri 12,65 62,1 11,87 13,38 34,17 14.383 (3.436 KCal/kg)
116
2.2 Thiet bi
- D6ng hi do nhiet do 16 STYB, dai do tir
0 - 1200''C dimg de do nhiet do viing ehay Can
nhiet ciia dong ho duge dat vao vi tri viing ehay
(vimg tam 16) Tin hieu dugc truyen qua day dan
va hien thi tren dong ho
- Thilt bi do tic do gio TESTO 445, dai do 0,6 - 40 m/s diing de do toe do gio so c%> vd thii c^
- Dong ho hien thi OMRON dugc lap tren mdt til dien dieu khien voi can nhiet lap o vi tri ong ra nhiet sau klii da dugc hoa khi de xac dinh nhiet do khi nong sau h6a trgn, phyc vu cho viec tinh loan xae dinh hieu suat cua 16 2.3 Noi dung nghien cihi
Tim hieu tong quan cac nghien euu va img dung cua cac loai 16 dot trau/ sinh khoi hien nay tren the giai va trong nuac, phan tieh nguyen ly va uu nhugc diem cua timg loai 16, lua chgn nguyen Iy dot kieu xoay ly tam
- Thiet ke, che tao, lap rap va van hanh thir
16 dot mau 16 dot trau theo cong nghe xoay ly tam quy mo 50-80 kg trau/h
- Nghien cuu thuc nghiem anh huong ctia luu Iugng dong khi so cap va thii cap den hieu suat ciia 16
2.4 Phuong phap nghien ciru
a) Phuang phdp linh todn ihiet ke mdy vd chi tiet mdy
Dya tren Iugng nhien lieu can dot qua nhiet tri va cac thanh phan hoa, eo ly tinh cua nhien lieu (trau) va tro trau, tinh todn dugc the tich buing dot Tir yeu cau cap va dot theo nguyen
ly xoay ly tam, sir dung cac cong thtie tinh toan xielon va cac gia trj yeu cau ve toe do gio cira vao, cira ra de tinh toan ducmg kinh buong dot, duong kinh ong cap trau Dya vao lugng tro thu dugc, tinh toan thiet ke bg phan xa va thao tro cho hgp Iy de duy tri qua trinh chay on dinh
- Bo tri thi nghiem:
+ Vai muc tieu xac dinh cong nghe dot theo nguyen Iy xoay Iy tam, nen trong tat ea cde thi nghiem duy tri mgt lugng cap trau nhat dinh, va duge cap a mirc nang suat toi da theo thilt ke la 80 kg/h, va Iuu Iugng khi sau h6a trgn ciing dugc duy tri 6 muc 14.112 m% nha
cl dinh van gio ctia dieu chinh h6a khi
Trang 3+ Cac thi nghiem dot dugc tien hanh theo
phuong phap thyc nghiem don yeu to de tim
chl do dlt hgp ly Moi thi nghiem se xac dinh
nhiet do tam 16, nhiet do khi ra, tir do xac dinh
hieu suit dlt voi timg chl do khi cdp vao 16 Vi
vay, cac thi nghiem se tifin hanh v6i sy thay doi
cua 4 tic dg dong khi so cip khac nhau tuong
ling vai timg tic dg d6ng khi thii eip 6 4 miie
khac nhau Cac tic do d6ng khi nay dugc xae
dinh truoc tuang ung vai vi tri canh van khi
Sau m6i thi nghiem, vi tri cac van khi cua
duong cdp khi sg duge thiet lap lai tuong ling
voi tic do d6ng khi cho thi nghiem tiep theo
Viec thay dli vi tri van bang each quay tay,
quay dua canh van ve vi tri so tuong img ghi
tren vanh chia
+ B I day lap tro tren ghi trong cac thi nghiem
dugc duy tri 300 - 500 mm bdng cdch dat toe do
quay ciia thanh gat a 12 v/ph Dong khi duoi ghi
dugc chgn va dat eo dinh bang 120 m /h
b) Phuangphdp thu thdp so lieu:
Timg luu lugng gio cira quat do dugc
tuong img o timg vi tri cua van duge tinh toan
quy doi ra toe do gi6 trong 6ng dan thong qua
tiet dien ong Nhiet do moi truang va nhiet do
khi nong dau ra dugc xdc dinh va ghi lai thong
qua dong ho nhiet dien tir
c) Phuang ph^ phdn tich tiidng kexutyso lieu
d) Phucmg phdp xdc dinh hieu sudt:
Sir dung phuang phdp gian tiep de xdc dinh
hieu suat 16 dot thong qua eong thiie tinh toan
can bang nhiet dya tren cac so lieu phan tieh,
thu thap va do dac Cong thiie tinh hieu suat
nhu sau [5]:
:^x(7;-r|)
ni KET QUA vA THAO LU^N 3.1 Thiet k^ mlu 16 dot trau theo cong nghf xoay ly tam
m, xc,
Trong do:
mk - Lugng khi ra (da h6a trgn), kg/h
Ck - Nhiet dung rieng eiia khong khi, kJ/kg.''C
mi - Lugng trau cap, kg/h
C[ - Nhiet tri ciia trau, kj/kg
Tl - Nhiet do khi vao (moi truong), "C
T2 - Nhiet do khi ra (da h6a trgn), °C
Hinh 1 Sa dd nguyen ly thiit ke Id ddt xody ly tdm
1 Phlu chiia tr^u; 2 Do ph§n dinh lugng trdu; 3 H? thdng cSp
triu vk d p Ichi so c4p: 4 H^ thdng d p kh! thii c ^ ; 5 Bu&ng d6t; 6 Ghi 16, 7 Ca d u xa tro; 8 H? thfing thdo tro; 9 BO
phan di£u chinh h6a khi; 10 H? thing htit khJ nfeig; 11 Vi tri
do nhi9t dfi t&n 16; 12 Vi tri do nhi^Id$ khi ra sau hoa trgn
•
Hinh 2 Ld ddl xody ly ldm quy md 50- 80 kg trdu/giaduac ihiet ke
a) He thong cap nhien lieu:
Trau trong thung chira se qua bg phan dinh lugng theo nang suat dot yeu cau, sau do dugc cap vao buong dot
+ Bg phan dinh lugng:
Dya vao dac tinh tho rap cua vo triu va hinh dang, kich thuac manh ciia triu rai, lua chgn nguyen ly dinh Iugng bdng vit tai dl tranh ket, tranh tao vom trong thiing chira, va dl dai^ dieu chinh nang suat nho viec dieu chinh tie do ciia vit Vit tai dugc thiSt kl tren co so nang suat cap trau yeu cau co thl thay dli tir 50 - 80 kg/h Cong thiic tinh toan nang suit (Q) vit tai nhu sau:
Q=4^"-^").s-p.n-(,DcJ
4 Tir nang suat (Q) y^u cau, ty trgng trau p, ehgnD= 120 mm va d = 42 mm, liy s = 96 mm,
Trang 4xac dinh dugc s6 vong quay cua vit tai nhu sau:
n = 24,3 va 38,9 v/ph tucmg tag vcri luong cap
50 va 80 kg/h
Cong suit dgng ca din dpng dugc tinh:
., Q(L.Kc + H)Kz =n,4SVW
367 j ;
Chgn dgng eg hop s6 vo cap co cong suat
0,5 IcW, t6c do diSu chinh tir 20 - 40 v/ph
+ Bg phan cap trau:
Dua tren dac diem cua nguyen lieu trau va
dac tinh ca ly cua vo trau cting nhu nguyen ly
d6t xgay ly tam, lua chgn phuang phap cap khi
dgng theo phuang tiep tuyen vol thanh trong
buong dot
Bk triu dugc cip vao a dang xoay ly tam
trong bu6ng d6t va lang xuong duai khi chay
h^t, ap dung nguyen tic ling bang xielon thi
van t6c khi t6i thi6u khi ra khoi ong cap phai
dat t6i thiSu 15-20 m/s Chgn duong kinh ong
nap triu la 121,8 mm thi luu lugng khi cap toi
thiSu tinh dugc: Q = 839 m'/h
b) He th5ng cip khi so cip, khi thu cap:
Dua tren dac tinh cua nhien Ueu va kl thira
cac s6 lieu nghien ciru cua nhieu tac gia trong
va ngoai nuoc, chgn ty le kh! du la 350% [3]
TCt lugng triu t6i da 80 kg/h tinh dugc lugng
khi t6ng cin cip la: Q = 1410 m-'/h
+ He thdng cip khi so cip
La lugng khi chinh cho qua trinh chay va
thucmg liy bjng 63-64% tflng lugng khi cap [3,
5] Tinh dugc Qs > 888,3 m^/h, thoa man diSu
kien dam bao lugng khi cho he thfing cap nhien
lieu kieu khi dgng Chgn quat ly tam luu lugng
900 m'/h; 2,2 kW T6C do dong khi trong ong
cip triu dugc tinh lai la: v = 21,5 m/s
+ He th6ng cip khi thil cap
T6ng luu lugng dong khi thu cap nay bang:
1410 - 900 = 510 m'/h, chgn quat ly tam
500-600 m'/h; 0,75 kW Lugng khi thii cip dugc
tach lam hai dong: Mgt dong dugc dua vao
bufing dfit phu ik dfit chit hoc, va mfit dong
dua xuong ducri bufing tro (duai ghi) de lam
ngufii tro va mat ghi 16
Dong khi vao bufing dfit phu cung dugc cap
a dang tigp tuyfin vai thanh trong dfi ho trg
xgay dim cac tap chit nho hoac bui tro xufing,
do do ciing phai dam bao tfic do tfii thieu tit 15-20 m/s So bg liy tfic dfi dong thii cip bang van tfic dong so cip la 21,5 m/s, tinh dugc duomg kinh fing dan khi len bufing dfit phu la:
dp = 0,082 m Chgn fing thep O90 x 2 mm va tinh lai tfic dfi thuc ciia dong thir cap: Vp = 19,6 m/s
Dong khi dua vao bufing tro co luu lugng Q„=120 m'/h
c) Thiit ke bufing dot va ghi lo:
Dua tren dac tinh co ly ciia vo trau va ket qua phiin tich va thanh phan hoa ly cua mau
triu dk tinh toan thiet ke bufing dot
+ Bufing dot
Thfi tich bufing dfit dugc xac djnh dua tren tfic do nap nhien lieu, nhiet tri va nhiet the the tich bufing lira ciia nhien lieu:
F = e ^ , m ^
<?,
Voi lugng triu nap vao a mirc tfii da la
80 kg/h, q, cua triu chgn bang 660 MJ/h.m^
tinh dugc thfi tich bufing dfit chinh V = 1,612 m Bufing dfit dugc thifit ke theo each tinh toan xielon, va bufing dfit dang tru tron voi phan cfin thu o ducri Ong ra xielon phia tren bufing dfit dugc lam thanh bufing dfit phu de dfit chit bfic
Ban kinh fing ra (chinh la ban kinh trong bufing
dfit phu a phia tren) dugc xac dinh:
Tir luu lugng khi vao bufing dfit xac dinh a tren (Q = 900m'/li =0,25 m'/s), va van tfic khi ra (1), dugc liy thip = 4 ni/s de giam bui, xac dinh dugc ban kinh flng ra xielon n = 0,28 m Do do duong kinh trong buflng dfit phu Di = 0,56 m
Chgn chifiu cao bufing dot phu la: 1,35 m
Ban kinh trong phin tru xielon (hay ban kinh trong bufing dot chinh) dugc xac dinh nhu sau: TJ = r, -^ Ar, (m) Lay Ar = 0,25 m, xac djnh dugc r2 = 0,53 m Vay duong kinh trong bufing dflt chinh tinh dugc va lam tron: D2 = 1,1 m
Trang 5Tir thl tich buIng dlt, duang kinh duge xac
dinh a tren, xac dinh dugc chieu cao buong dot
H = V/S = 1,696 m, va liy H = 1,7 m
Buong dot chinh dugc lam bang gach chiu
Ilia day 115 mm vai v6 thep 2 mm bao ngoai
Tren dinh buong dot chinh dugc do mgt lop be
tong chiu nhiet day 100 mm va co 16 thoat o
tam thong len tren buong dot phy Buong dot
phu ciing dugc lam bang be tong ehiu liia day
60 mm, bao ben ngoai la v6 thep
+ Ghi 16
Buong ling hinh try co duong kinh 0,88 m,
cao 0,5 m de ehiia tro lang xuong Day cua
phan buong lang dat ghi 16 Xung quanh dugc
bao boi lop vat lieu chiu lira day 60 mm
Ghi dugc thiet ke 6 dang hinh tr6n, bang
gang chiu nhiet co duong kinh 0,87 m voi chilu
day 30 mm Ghi dugc ehia thanh 3 manh, moi
manh eo be rgng 290 mm dl thuan tien thao tac
va sua chua Ghi co dien tich 0,5945 m^, phan
bo deu tr6n be mat 400 16 eon duong kinh mat
tren 12,5 mm va mat duoi 13,5 mm voi he sl
thoat =8,6% [5]
d) Thilt ke ca cau xa tro vahe tiling thao tro:
Theo phan tieh, ham lugng tro la 13,38% Tuy
nhien, trong truang hgp ehay khong hoan toan,
van thuang dugc xac dinh la 18 - 20% Viec tinh
toan CO eau xa tro, he thing thao tro duge dya tren
lugng tro tli da Voi Iugng triu tieu thy 80 kg/h,
lugng tro thai ra tinh dugc la 16 kg/h
+ Co cau xa tro
De day lop tro da chay qua 16 ghi, tren mat
ghi CO thanh gat tro duge dan dgng quay tron
quanh tam ghi Thanh gat bang gang chiu nhiet
CO kich thuoe 40 x 40 x 830 mm dugc gin a diu
tren ciia true Toe do quay dilu chinh duge tir
5-30 v/ph nha dgng co vo eip cong suit 0,37 kW
+ Co cau thao tro
Do trong buong thu tro co cip mgt lugng
khi de lam ngugi tro, mat ghi va thong ghi, nen
de tranh byi va dam bao thao duge lien tyc, diu
dan theo thai gian, tranh li dgng tro trong
buong thu, gay nen dong bdnh va k?t, chpn sit dung nguyen ly vit tdi
Tir nang suit yeu cau Q = 16 kg/h, ty trgng tro p ^ 40 kg/m^, vit tai dat nim nghieng 20° Chpn D = 108 mm, d = 32 mm va s = 87 mm, xac dinh dugc so v6ng quay cua vit tai thao tro
n = 28,7 v/ph Chgn dgng co hgp sl co c6ng suat 0,37 kW, so v6ng quay 30 v/ph
32 Nghien cihi xay dung qi^ trinh cdng nghS
Ke thira tir ket qua nghien ciru cua mgt so tac gia nuoc ngoai, chgn be day lap tro tren ghi tir 300 - 500 mm [3, 4, 5] va duy tri dg eao nay trong cac thi nghiem bang each dat toe do quay ciia thanh gat 6 12 v/ph, va chgn ly le d6ng khi duoi ghi = 8 -10% cua tong lugng khi cip (= 120 m'/h)
va duy tri trong tat ca cac thi nghifm
a) Nghien cuu anh huong ciia luu lugng d6ng khi so cap den nhiet do tam 16
12
Hinh 3 Anh hir&ng cUa hru luang ddng khi sa cdp den nhiel do vung chdy
Kit qua thi nghiem thl hien tren hinh 3 cho thiy, khi Iugng khi sa cip qua thip a 460 m^/h, nhiet do virng chay a tam 16 thip (710 - 775*'C) Dieu nay co thl dugc giai thich bai vai luu Iugng khi thip thi tic do diy triu thip (do dong khi so cap ciing chinh la dong khi nap nhien lieu), do do trau se khong eo dii dp xoay cin thiet va roi nhanh do trgng lugng khi vira moi
ra khoi mieng ong dan, thai gian chay khong dii
va trau eo hien tugng chay lech a mgt cung trong long 16, khi rai xuong lop tro tren ghi vin tiep tuc ehay a dang lofp chat
Nhiet do tam 16 dat cao nhit (845 - 870°C) khi lugng khi so eip dat khoang 750 m^/h Day
CO le la lugng khi dii de tao dong xoay cho triu,
du khoang thai gian dl triu hoan toan dugc
Trang 6-»k
chay trong Itic di chuyen tir khi vao buong dot
toi khi roi xuong lop tro trSn ghi
Nhiet do vimg chay se giam xuong khi
lugng khi so cSp tiep tue tang do lugng khi eao
tao toe do d6ng khi xoay nhien lieu manh len,
triu di nhanh va rai nhanh khi chua kip chay
hit, khi rai x u l n g lop tro tren ghi lai tilp tuc
chay kieu lop chaX
b) Nghien ciiu anh huang ciia luu lugng
dong khi thii cap den nhiet do tam 16
Hinh 4 Anh hudng cita luru luong ddng khi thu cdp
den nhi?t do vimg chdy
Ket qua thi nghiem the hien tren hinh do thi
hinh 4 cho thay, a ca 3 miic eao eua Iuu lugng
khi so cap deu cho nhiet do tam 16 cao nhat khi
lugng khi thii cap 6 360 m^/h Dieu nay co the
do bo sung them du lugng khi de chay chat boc
Truong hgp khi lugng khi thir cap la 290 m^/h
chi cho nhiet do tam 16 cao (SSS^C) khi Iugng
khi so c i p dat 750 m'^/h, con 6 cac Iugng khi so
cap khac deu cho nhiet do thap Chi rieng
trucmg hgp d6ng khi so cap thap nhat 460 m^/h
thi cho nhiet do tam 16 giam lien tyc khi tang
lugng khi thii c i p Day la truang hgp ma dong
sa c i p thip qua khong dii xoay dong nhien lieu
nhu da phan tich o tren nen dii c6 bo sung
lugng khi thir c i p vao nhung dong khi nay
khong CO kha nang eai thien dugc dong xoay
ciia triu nen nhi6t do tam 16 van thap
e) Anh huong cua Iugng khi du den hieu suat 16
K i t qua ghi a bang 2 eho thay khong co
anh huong ro rang ciia ty le khi du CJ nhieu
truang hgp khi ty le khi du nam trong khoang
260 - 340%, 16 CO hieu suat cao > 80%, tuy
nhien co vai truang hgp Iai khong diing nhu
vay Dieu nay co the dugc giai thich la hieu suat 16 bi anh huang t i n g hgp cua sy phoi hgp lugng khi so cSp va thir cap, ma ehu yeu la lugng khi so c i p - y l u t l chinh tao toe do xoay (tao sy di chuyen nhieu hay it) ciia trau trong buong dot
Bdng 2 Anh Inr&ng cua itrong khi du den hiju sual Id
Liru l u ^ g khi thir c3p, m'/h
180
180
180
180
290
290
290
290
360
360
360
360
420
420
420
420
Liru lucmg khi sa cap,
m'lh
460
748
920
1070
460
748
920
1070
460
748
920
1070
460
748
920
1070
Tyle khidu,
%
138
228
281
328
172
262
316
363
194
284
338
384
213
303
356
403
Hieu sua! 16,
%
52,2 78,6 78,0 72,9 59,1 82,7 80,3 74,7 62,1 82,9 81,8 76,6 61,6 79,8 75,0 70,6
d) Tham do kha nang dot toi da cua 16 Tien hanh cap Iugng nhien lieu (trau) tir
80 - 150 kg/Ii theo nguong 10 kg mgt lan tang cho thay 16 dot da thiet ke hoat dgng tot khi lugng trau tang den 120 kg/h
3.3 Thiet ke mau 16 dot t r a u theo cong nghe xoay ly tam
Tien hanh do cac thong so ve dong dien tieu thu, xac dinh dugc cong suat tieu thy cua 16
d l t la 3-183 va 13,453 kW tuong ung voi khi chua gan va sau khi da gan vai thiet bi hut nhiet cho sir dung
So sanh chi phi khi van hanh 16 dot xoay ly tam voi 16 dot than da dang dugc dung pho bien hien nay Chi phi van hanh deu duge tinh khi cung cip nang lugng nhiet cho ciing mgt buong say Ilia nang suat 7 tan me Do nhan cong ciing tuong tu nhu klii van hanh 16 dot than da nen chi phi luong cong nhan khong dugc dua vao trong tinh toan so sanh
Trang 7Bans 3 Cdc chi phi van hanh Id dot
Miy sSy;
+ Ning suat: 7000 kg/me
+ Wi - 28%; W2 = 14%
+ Th&i gian say: 8 h
+ San phSm kho: 5860 kg
Di^n tieu thu, kWh
Gii dien san xuat, d/kWh
Nhi€n lieu tieu thu
(triu/than), kg/h
Gid nhien ligu, d/kg
Tong chi phi me say, d
Chl phi s3v, d/kg san phim
L6 dot trdu
13,453 1.500
68
300 324.636 55,4
L6ddt than d i
10,45 1.500
28
4000 1.021.400 174,3 Chi phi say khi sii dung 16 dot trau xoay ly
tam ehi bang 1/3 so voi chi phi say khi dimg 16
dot than khi cimg eung cap nang lugng Nhu
vSy, kha nang 16 dot trau kieu xoay ly tam dugc
ling dyng vao thyc te san xuit la rat cao, dac
biet o cac co s6 che bi&n liia gao co san nguon
nhiSn li$u (trau) ma khong mat chi phi thu gom,
v|in chuyen de thay the cho 16 dot than da co
ehi phi van hanh Ion
IV KET LUAN
- L6 dot trau xoay ly tam voi lugng tieu thy
trau 50 - 80 kg/gi6 da dugc nghien cuu va tinh
toan thiSt kl
- Viec dinh lugng triu tiln hanh bang vit tai
va trau dugc nap vao buIng dlt bing phuong
phap khi dgng tao xoay
- Quat ly tam 900 m^/h; 2,2 kW diing dl
cip khi so cip, quat gio 500-600 m^/h; 0,75 kW
dung cap khi thii cap
- Buong dot dugc lam bing vat lieu chiu
lua vo thep vai kich thuoc huing dlt chinh
D X H 1,1 X 1,7 m va huing dlt phu
Dp X Hp = 0,56 X 1,35 m Ghi 16 dugc lam bing
gang chiu nhiet duong kinh O870, bl day 30 mm
voi he so thoat 8,6 % Tro dugc xa nha canh
gat kich thuoc 40 x 40 x 830 mm co tic do
quay 5-30 v/ph va thao ra ngoai bang vit tai co
toe dg quay 30 v/ph
- Viec dieu khien 16 dot theo nhi?t dg cung eap cho b6 phan diing nhiet bang each dong ngat dgng ea vit tai djnh lugng
- Nghien ciiu anh huong ciia luu lugng d6ng khi so cap va thii cap cho thiy nhi$t d^ tam 16 dat cao nhit (845 - 870*'C) khi khi so cap dat khoang 750 m^/h va khi thii cip tit
290 - 360 m^/h, cho hieu suit 16 cao nhit 82,7 - 82,9% L6 dlt dugc thilt kl co kha nang dot tot khi lugng trau cap den 120 kg/h
- Chi phi say khi su dung 16 dot triu xoay
Iy tam chi bang 1/3 so vai chi phi say khi diing
16 dot than da, cho thay kha nang ling dyng vao thyc te san xuat cua 16 dot trau kieu xoay ly tam
la rat eao
TAI LI$U THAM KHAO [1] Belonio, A.T 2005 Rice Husk Gasstove Handbook Department of Agricultural Engineering and Environmental Management Central Philippine University
[2] Elepano, A.R., Satairapan K.T and Damian C.E
2001 Development of a rice hull cyclonic furnace for drying applications University of the Philippines, Los Banos College
[3] Soponronnarit, S., Swasdisevi, T., Wetchacama, S., Shujinda, A., and Srisawat, B 2003 Cyclonic Rice Husk Furnace and Its Application on Paddy Drying, [4] Swasdisevi, T., Sopom-onnarit, S., Shujinda, A., Wetchacama, S., and Thepent, V 2000 Rice Husk Furnace for Fluidised Bed Paddy Dryer
[5] Swasdisevi, T., Soponronnarit, S., Thepent, V , Shujinda, A., and Srisawat, B 2004 Prototype of the Cyclonic Rice Husk Furnace In: Quality assurance in agricultural produce ACIAR Proceedings
N g a y n h a n bai: 5/10/2013 Ngay p h a n bi?n: 28/10/2013 NgirM p h a n bi^n: TS N g u y i n VSn Doan, Vi?n co dien N o n g nghiep & C o n g ngh^ sau thu hoach