Nghiên cứu và xác định kết cấu chống giữ tối ưu khi xây dựng các đường hầm tiết diện lớn bằng sơ đồ hạ bậc

Tuy nhign, trgn thgc t l hinh dgng cua d c dudng him khflng phai id dgng trfln md cfl nhilu logi hinh dgng khde nhau.. Phdn bo chuyen vj tong the tren bien ham theo cdc bui5'c khai dao v

^ ^ _ KHOA HOC VA CfiNG NGHl M O

(NGHIEN CUU VA XAC DjNH KET CAU CHONG GlffTOI UU KHI X^V DlTNG CRC D U d N G HnM TICT DI€N L 6 N

BANG S 0 DO HA BAC

TS T R A N T U A N MINH - Tnrdng D^i hfc Kld-DIa ehit ThS NGUYEN H O U S A - Trwimg D^i Ape Ba Ria-VBng Tau

Ngdy nay vi$c xdy dung d c dudng him d

ehilu rflng 6+10 m vd chllu cao 8+10 m

thudng sir dgng so d i khai ddo hg b$c d l

ndng cao t i c dfl khai ddo cOng nhu ldm giam tdc

thuylt phdn tich trude ddy thudng dupe glal quyet

trgn ca sd dudng him dgng trfln vd su dgng 2

budc khai ddo trong mfli trudng ddn hll, ddn hii

dit dd mim y i u [3], [4], [5], [7] Tuy nhign, trgn

thgc t l hinh dgng cua d c dudng him khflng phai

id dgng trfln md cfl nhilu logi hinh dgng khde nhau

Chlnh vl v5y md vl$c nghidn edu ddnh gid trgng

thdi ung suit biln dgng vd iga chpn cdc ket clu

ching gifl' phii hpp xung quanh d c dudng ham cfl

tilt dign Idn khai ddo bang sa d i chia guang hg

b^c phgc vu cflng tdc phdn tich vd thilt k l i n djnii ede dudng him Id v i n d l c i n thilt vd cfl tinh thiit thgc Trong bdi bdo ndy chi ra vi$c nghign cirl trgng thdi dng suit biln dgng xung quanh dudnl him chia guang trong mfli trudng d i t dd d 6 ^ phuang phdp s i

1 Cac thdng s i ddu vao cho phdn tich Gia thilt mflt dudng ham cfl ehilu rflng khai ddfl 10 m, ehilu cao dudng him khai ddo 8 m dupe xdy dgng trong khii d i t dd liln khii, lidn tvc

vdi hd s l kign c i d i t dd f=3 vd cdo d^c tinh nhu

trong Bang 1 Chiiu sdu ddt dudng him SO m So^

d l 1;^ thuygt cOa bdi todn dupe the hlfln nhu tronj hinh H.1

•

n

10

'

H 1 Sa dd bdi todn /y thuyit cho phdn tich

KHOA HOC VA CtfNG NGHE MO _ ^ ^

Bdng 1 Cdc tham so <^u vdo khdi Od ddi vdi phan tich

Ten tham s i

'Jmmfviam thi tfch'

'a&da

Sfl M o kdo khii dd

Lvs dinh k i t

Gflc ma sdt trong

khii dd

-.-.,.-Mfldun ddn hll

Hg s i Poisson

Qflcjjgn nd

CliiiutSngdudng him

C S I u d o dudng him

Ldgii^tllgu

TJ s i dng suit

nguygn sinh (nim

nganqAhIng dCrng)

.Kjhilu

7

Ok

c

<l>

E

n

V|/

B

- h

dSo

K=a3/ai

Gid tri 0,026 0,01 0,05

25

1200 0.25

0

10

'&t-• > " - : - : *

0,5

Danvj MN/m' MPa MPa

dfl

MPa

-dfl

m

m

-Bdi toan cd xem xdt vd chO <^ d i n tg trpng dit dd

vd.#gng thdi dng suit nguydn sinh ban diu

i t r o n i k h i i a ^ t d d , , , :

Bdng phin mim so PHASE 2 chung ta cfl the

mfl hinh bdi todn phdn tieh vdi cdc budc khai ddo

khdc nhau nhu trong hinh H.2

a)

a

b)

O

H.3 Phdn bo ung suit thing dirng va nam ngang theo budc khai dao: a - Phan bd Ong suit thing dirng trong gidl phdp bdc trdn; b - Phdn bd img suit thing dirng trong glal phdp ha bdc; c -Phdn bd irng suit nim ngang trong giai phap bdc trdn; d - Phan bd irng suit nam ngang trong glal phip ha bac

H.2 Sa dd cdc budc khai ddo tmng PHASE 2: a

- Budng him; b - Bio budc 1; e - Bio budc 2

Sau khi phdn tich bing phin mim s l chiing ta

thu dupe phdn b i vd d c gid tri cua dng suit vd

chuyin vj xung quanh dudng him cimg vdi ode

budc khai ddo nhu trong hinh H.3 vd H.4, edc gid

trj s l dng suit vd chuyen vj dupe t|lp hpp lgi nhu

trong Bang 2 vd 3

H.4 Phdn bd chuyin vj t6n^ thi xung quanh dudng him: a - Phdn bd chuyin vj trong glil phip phin bdc trdn; b - Phdn bd chuyin vj tmng glil phdp sau khi ha bic

^ ^ KHOA HOC VA C O N G NGHE MO

Bdng 2 Bdc tinh cua vdt lidu neo

Tin tham s i

Logi neo

Mfldun ddn hll

Dudng kinh d t thep

Kha ndng chju kdo neo

Kha ndng mang tai neo du

Chllu ddi thanh neo

Khodng cdch giO'a d e neo

Kyhi^u

E

d

P

-L (axa)

Danvj Dinh kit todn phin

250000

22

0,1 0,01 2,5 1,5x1,5

Gidtii

MPa

mm

mN

mN

m

m

Trong tru'dng hp'p SLT dyng ket c^u eh6ng tgn bang neo va bd tong phun de chong giu' du'dnj ham, tren co so phan tich du-dng hSm chya chonj chung ta xac dmh duoc cac tham s6 kdt clu chonj

neo nhu trong Bang 2 va si> dung dac tinh vo U

tong phun (Bang 3)

Bdng 3 Cac dac finh vd chdng be tong phun

Ten c^c tham s6 Loai vat li^u Mddun dan hoi Chieu day

Hd s6 Poisson

Ky hidu Tinh chit

E

d

\^

Bon vi

Dan hdi

32000 Thay ddi 0,2

GiS trj' MPa

m

IS

H.5 Kit qua phan bd ung suit thing dung xung

quanh du^ng him dwac chdng giO-bang neo 2,5

m (axa=1,5x1,5 m) be tdng phun 5 cm: a - Bum:

1; b - Bt«5c 2

H.6 Phdn bo chuyen vj tong the tren bien ham theo cdc bui5'c khai dao vdi chieu day be tong phun khdc nhau: a B€ tong phun d=5 cm; b

-Bd tdng phun d=25 cm

Sau khi phSn tich b^ng phin mem so chiing ta nhgn dyoc phan b6 va gi^ trj cua i^ng suit vS

chuyen vj xung quanh Swimg him cung vdi c^c

bu'oc khai dao khi du'ong him c6 sip dyng ket c^u chong la neo va be tong phun, k^t qua du'g'c th^ hJ0n nhu'trong hinh H.11 va 12 v^ Bang 4 Bing phan tich cung e6 the quan sat duoc sy bi§n do! ciia vung pha huy xung quanh du'ong h^m

6 c^c byoc khai dao khac nhau cung voi sy thay doi cac dac tinh ket ciu chong giO' khac nhau (quan sat hinh H.7)

Sau khi phan tich co the thiet lap dy^c m6i quan he quy luat glQ-a icng suit va chuyin vi trfin n6c cua duong him voi sy thay d6i cac tham so ket cau chong giCf du'ong ham, ket qua du'oc the hi^n nhu-trong hinh H.8,

Bdng 4 Gii tri img suit a,, 05 vi ehuyin vl ting thi tai cic diim khdc nhau trdn bidn cua audng him khi thay ail chiiu ddy bd tdng phun

TT

Budc

1

Budc

2

Budc

1

Budc

2

Budc

1

Budc

2

Budc

1

Budc

2

US-BD

O l

az

u,

''^

<I3

u,

Cdc m$t d t khdc nhau Khi bd tflng phun d=5 em vd khoanq d c h cdc neo 1;5x1

1

3,0

1,40

1,6.10-'

2,55

0,86

2,2.10-'

11 1,05

0,14

4.10"'

2,25

0,41

2,2.10"'

111 0,60 0,14 5,6.10"

1,05 0,23

L 4 , 5 1 0 " '

IV 1,05 0,14 4.10"

0,75 0,18 5,8.10"

V 3,0 1,40 1,6.10""

1,05 0,18 4,5.10"'

VI 3,0 1,40 1,6.10"' 2,40 0,45 2,2.10"

VII-0,00 0,00 9,6.10"' 2,70 0,95 2,2 W"'

5 m

vm

3,0 1,40 1,8.10-"

0,00 0,00 1,4.10-^

IX

-2,55 0,86 2,2.10" Khi bfltflnq phun d=10cm vd khoana cdch edc neo 1,5x1,5 m

0 ,

as

U,

0 1

0 3

u,

3,0

1,40

2.10'

2,55

0,90

1,8.10"'

1,05

0,21

4.10"'

2,26

0,50

2,7.10"'

0,60 0,21 6,2.10-"

1,05 0,27 4,5.10"

1,05 0,21 4.10"

0,60 0,27 5,4.10"

3,0 1,54 2.10"' 1,05 0,27 4,5.10"

3,0 1,54 2.10"' 2,40 0,50 2,2.10"'

0,00 0,00 9,6.10"' 2,70 0,95 1,8.10"'

3,0 1,54 2.10-"

0,00 0,00 1,4.10-'

-2,55 0,90 1,8.10-" Khi betflnq phun d=15 cm vd khoanq edeh cdc neo 1,5x1,5 m

O l

0 3

U,

O l

0 3

U,

3,0

1,54

2.40""

2,70

0,95

1,8.10"'

1,05 0,21

3,6.10"'

2,70

0,54

2,7.10-"

0,60 0,28 4,8.10"

1,05 0,32 4.10"

1,05 0,21 3,6.10"

0,60 0,32 5.10"

3,0 1,54 2,4 10"

1,05 0,54 4.10"

^'t

1,5^-2,4.10"

2,70 0,99 2,7.10"

0,00 0,00 9,2.10"*

2,70 0,99 1,8.10"

3,0 1,64 2,4.10"

0,00 0,00 9,9.10-"

-2,70 0,99 1,8.10"' Khi be tong phun d=25 cm vd khoang cdch cde neo 1,5x1,5 m

O l

0 3

U,

O l

0 3

U,

3,0

1,61

2.80"'

2,70

0,99

1,8.10""

1,00 0,28

3,6.10-"

2,85

0,63

2,7.10"

0,40 0,28 4,8.10"

0,90 0,41 4.10"

1,00 0,28 3,6.10"

0,60 0,36 5.10"

3,0 1,61 2,8.10-"

0,90 0,41 4.10"

3,0 1,61 2,8.10-"

2,70 0,63 2,7.10"

0,00 0,00 9,2.10"

2,70 1,04 1,4.10"*

3,0 1,61 2,8.10-"

0,00 0,00 9,9.10"

-2,70 0,99 1,4.10"'

Budc 1 Budc 2 Budc 1 Budc 2

-Khld=5emvdcaeneoL=2,5mmgngneo(1,5x1,6)m b-Khid=10cmvacacneoL=2,5mmgngneo(1,5x1,5)m

Budc 1 BuflK; 2 BUOT; 1 Budc 2

c-Khi<*=15cmvdcdcneoL=2,5mmgngneo(1,5x1,5)m d-Khid=25cm\^caeneoL=2,5mmgt^neo(1,5x1,5)m

H 7 Sir thay ddi vung phd huy xung quanh dudng ham a cic budc khai ddo khdc nhau

0.75,

0.70

0.60

OSS

0.45

^ x a ^

"K ,

T \ ^ ¥

' T t

[ 1 1 — _

4

t

1 )——1

-*-lt6inAcl^liNdic

chiiu dy U IBBC pliuad (ciD)vl aco 1,SI1,SH

c)

00071

J 0OO6S

i.»,

i „,

- - - ^ - - - r r "1 I" I

vi Li.J Lj

- N5i -l [ -:

0 S 10 IS M M JD BK

drilidlyUtt,«|AwJta^Bcsl.Sil^M ^ ^ ^i,

H.8 Mdi quan hd glCra img suit vd biin dang vdi

cic tham sd kit ciu chdng giu' dudng him d cic

giai doan khai ddo khic nhau

3 K i t lugn

Phdn tich d c kit qua phdn tieh d tren d t h i chi

ra ring dfl Idn vCing phd huy vd vung biln dgng

khflng ddn hii se bj giam dl khi chllu ddy vo bd

tflng phun vd ehilu ddi neo tdng Ifln Do dfl, trong

khi thilt k l thi chiiu ddi neo phai vupt qua khoi

vung biln dgng khflng ddn hii Cdc kit qua phdn

tich cOng chi ra ring ede tham s i kit clu ching

giu hiflu qua thu dupe khi xung quanh dudng him

khflng bj xuit hign viing phd huy vd viing biln dgng

khflng ddn hii (quan sdt hinh H.7) Trong trudng

hpp ndy thi ehieu ddy bfl tflng phun d=15 cm vd

1,5x1,5 m dupe xem id k i t d u ching t i i uu Trong

trudng hpp dfl thi dng suit vd biln dgng trdn nfle

(trfln bidn dudng him) se d gid tri nhd nhit (quan sdt hinh H.8).a

TAI LI$U THAM KHAO

1 Nguyln Quang Phlch Ca hpc dd NXB Xdy dung Hd Nfli 2006

2 Nghidm Hdu Hgnh Ca hpc dd NXB Xdy dung Hd Nfli 2004

3 va Trgng HOng, Phting Mgnh Ddc Ca hge dd ung dgng trong xdy dung eflng trinh nglm vd khai thde mo NXBKHKT Hd Nfli, 2008

4 H.C BynbiHee MexaHma nofpeMHbix coopyjKeHHfl

He^pa MocKBa 1994

5 BaK/iauioB M.B, BA KapT03un MexaHHia noflaeMHWx coopyixeHHi! M KOHCTpyKi<«S xpeneli MocKsa 2002

6 A.H naHKpaTeHKO 06ocHOBaH«e M paspaSona napaMerpoB peeypcocfleperaioutHX TexHOJiorviiS crpoMTenbCTBa noAseMHwx BbipaSoroK 6onbUJoro nonepeqHoro ceneHMn, flwccepTauMfl MocKsa 2002

7 MaH Tyan MwHb OflocHOBaHMe CXOM pacKpbmw

aaflofl K Bbi&sp KpenM Bbipa60T0K flonbujom ceneHKn B

reonorH4ecKHx ycnoBHnx BbOTHaMa, fliiecepTaLtwfl Mrry MocKsa 2013.176 crp

Ngudi bien t$p: Vd Trgng HOng

Calculahon and selection of support in tunnels are very important problems in analysis process stability tunnels However, novi/adays determination and definition > support with consideration excavated stages | have disadvantages and Iii w ^„^„.- introduce analysis and optimal parameters of supports when ion tunnels by top advance and

n method in continuous rocks

1 Tranh cdi vdi mot ke ngic se chdng

minh rang d hai ke ngoc Doris M Smith

2 Ca hpi giong nhu binh minh, n l u bgn chd dpi qud lau, bgn d t h i bo Id nfl William Arihur

3 T h i gidi phdi chlm dam trong dau k h i khong phdi vl tgi dc cua nhO'ng ke x l u , md Id

vi su im iJng ciia nhO'ng ngudi tit

Napoleon

V VTHsmitAn A