EXERCISE 1 CHUYEÂN ÑEÀ REPORTED SPEECH Khi töôøng thuaät, ta löu yù caùc vaán ñeà sau Xaùc ñònh roõ ngöôøi noùi, ngöôøi nghe Thay ñoåi ñaïi töø nhaân xöng, tính töø sôû höõu, ñoäng töø vaø traïng töø[.]
Trang 1CHUYÊN ĐỀ : REPORTED SPEECH
Khi tường thuật, ta lưu ý các vấn đề sau:
- Xác định rõ người nói, người nghe
- Thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu, động từ và trạng từ cho phù hợp,
- Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép, dấu chấm hỏi (đối với câu hỏi)
Cách đổi
1 Đại từ, tính từ sở hữu: luôn thay đổi
Ngôi thứ nhất: đổi theo S (người nói)
Ngôi thứ 2: đổi theo O (người nghe)
I me my mine
He him his his She her her hers
We us our ours They them their theirs You you your yours
2 Động từ nếu động từ mở đầu ở thì quá
khứ (said/ told) : lùi 1 thì
-Động từ mở đầu ở thì hiện tại (say/
tell): không lùi thì, chỉ thay đổi cho phù
hợp
HTĐ-> QKĐ-> QKHT HTTD-> QKTD -> QKHTTD Will->would can->could
Must-> had to
3 Đổi trạng từ nếu động từ mở đầu ở thì
quá khứ (said/ told)
Now-> then here-> there This-> that these-> those Tonight->that night today->that day Ago-> before
Tomorrow->the day after/ the following day/ the next day Next+ N-> the +N+ after / the following +N/ the next+ N Yesterday-> the day before/ the previous day
Last + N->the + N before/ the +previous + N
Tường thuật câu hỏi:
- Xác định rõ người nói, người nghe
- Ghi lại từ để hỏi, không có từ để hỏi thì dùng If hoặc whether
- Chuyển phần còn lại về câu khẳng định rồi tường thuật,
Tường thuật câu ra lệnh: say to (said)phải đổi thành tell (told)
Khẳng định: Trực tiếp: S + say to + O, “ V1………” Phủ định: Trực tiếp: S + say to + O, “ don’t + V1…” Gián tiếp: S + tell + O + to V1… Gián tiếp: S + tell + O + not to + V1…
Tường thuật câu điều kiện :
Loại 1-> loại 2
Loại 2, 3: Giữ nguyên
Các dạng bài tập:
1 Điền động từ, trạng từ vào chỗ trống
2 Viết lại câu
3 Nhận biết lỗi sai: sai động từ, trạng từ, sai cách dùng của say (Không có O) và tell/ say to (có O), sai khi dùng say/ say to trong câu ra lệnh
Trang 2EXERCISE 1
1 “Don’t talk in class,” the teacher said
A The teacher told his student did not talk in class B The teacher told his student not to talk in class
C The teacher told his student do not talk in class D The teacher told his student not talking in class
2 “ _”, the doctor advised his patient
A You had better stop drinking B I would like you to drink
C You had better to drink D Please drink some more
3 “I’ll do it for you, Mary”, Peter said
A Peter advised Mary to do it.” B Peter advised Mary not to do it
C Peter promised to do it for Mary D Peter wanted Mary to do it
4 “I good at English, my son”, Mr Pike said
A would like you have been B had better have you to be
C would rather you to be C would like you to be
5 Before they left, they promised to come back the next year
A “ We will come back next year”, they said before leaving
B “We had better come back the next year”, they said before leaving
C “Let’s come back next year”, they said before leaving
D “Don’t come back next year”, they said before leaving
6 “Susan, can you remember to buy me some sugar”, said Billy
A Billy advised Susan to buy him some sugar B Billy reminded Susan to buy me some sugar
C Billy reminded Susan to buy him some sugar D Billy invited Susan to buy me some sugar
7 The secretary said, “Sorry, I’ll never work on Sunday”
A The secretary promised not to work on Sunday B The secretary refused not to work on Sunday
C The secretary refused to work on Sunday D The secretary reminded to work on Sunday
8 “Don’t stay up late You should go to bed early”, Peter told me
A Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early
B Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early
C Peter told me do not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early
D Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early
9 “ _”, John advised me
A You ought to work harder B I would rather work harder
C It is my duty to work harder D It is worth working harder
10 ‘ _”, the mother warned her son
A Boys, don’t go near the lake B Boys, you will not go near the lake
C Boys, let’s go near the lake D Boys, you would like to go near the lake
11 “Mary, please some to dinner tonight”, Henry said
A Henry invited Mary to come to dinner that night B Henry invited Mary to come to dinner tonight
C Henry warned Mary to come to dinner that night D Henry told Mary please to come to dinner tonight
12 “I will bring you some food”, he said to me
A He invited me to eat some food B He offered to bring me some food
C He told me to bring some food D He advised me to bring some food
EXERCISE 2
1 She reassured me that she ……… the card already
A had posted B, has posted C was posting D posts
2 When I was little, my father gave me some advice He said …… to the strangers
A I shouldn’t talk B, that shouldn’t talk C don’t talk D that I don’t talk
3 “Should we turn left or go straight?” “Hmm, I’m not sure which way ………”
A do we turn B to turn C should we turn D it turned
4 She …… her holiday in Finland
A said me about B told about C said about D told me about
5 I don’t know why Susan didn’t go to the meeting She said ………
Trang 3A she will definitely go B she was definitely going C she had definitely gone D she is definitely going
6 Somebody forgot this hat I wonder ………
A Whose is this hat B whose hat is C whose hat this is D is this whose hat
7 The librarian asked us … so much noise
A don’t make B not to make C not make D not making
8 Someone told us ……… on the stairs
A don’t sit B not sit C not to sit D to not sit
9 I asked him whose car ……… the previous day
A he had borrowed B had he borrowed C did he borrow D he would borrow
10 They asked me ……… in Paris then
A If my mother was working B if was my mother working
C if my mother had worked D was my mother working
EXERCISE 3
Turn these sentences into reported speech:
1 Peter said, “ I’m hungry now”
2 The workers said, “We never work on Sundays”
3 My father told me, “I have met your teacher”
4 Mary asked me, “will you come tomorrow?”
5 Tom asked his mother, “Where were you yesterday?”
6 John told his sister, “Please help me”
7 Peter said to the girl, “don’t forget to send me a postcard”
8 Mr Baker asked his daughter, “What are you doing, dear?’
9 “I’ll see you next week”, Mrs Pike talked to her friends
10 “Don’t put your legs on the table, Mary”, said the father