Hdi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt mo qudc ti 2010 Cong nghiep mo tien tiin vi su phdt triin bin vung N H U r V G T H A C H T H L T C T O L C f N D O I V O I K Y T H U A T K H A I T H A C M O T R O N G T H E[.]
Trang 1Hdi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt mo qudc ti - 2010 Cong nghiep mo tien tiin vi su phdt triin bin vung
N H U r V G T H A C H T H L T C T O L C f N D O I V O I K Y T H U A T
K H A I T H A C M O T R O N G T H E K Y 2 1
Ajoy K Ghose ,IOC WMC,
R P R o t o l i a Tata Steel, A n u j i t B a g c h i
A n D o
Torn tat: Khai khoang dd, dang va se tiep tuc Id nen tdng cua nen vdn minh toan cau dap img
nhu cdu vdt chat cua mot xa hoi dang bung nd dan sd Hoc vien Ky thudt Qudc gia Hoa Ky gdn day
dd cdng bd 14 "thach thirc ldn" ddi vai ky thudt, tap trung vao hire xuc ldn nhat cua xa hdi Id thach thirc ve mdi trudng vd ddi hdi xd hdi phdi cd cdc gidi phap ky thuat Trong cung mdt mach dd, bdo cdo nay xac dinh mdt mang cua 14 "thach thirc lan" ddi vai tinh ben vimg ciia nganh cdng nghiep khai khoang toan cdu trong the ky 21, trong dd bao gdm nhung thach thirc ddi vdi tham dd khoang sdn bang cdng nghe cao de md rdng ca sd dir lieu ve tdi nguyen khoang sdn, nhirng thach thirc ve tir ddng hda, cdng nghe khai thdc sach, khai thdc md an toan hon, sang tao trong khai thdc bao gdm cd cdng nghe sinh hoc vd dp dung CNTT de dam bdo tinh ben vimg va sire canh tranh cua cdng nghe Bdo cdo nay cung xac dinh nhiing thach thirc ldn khi khai thdc md ngoai dai duong va ngoai trai ddt
de dap irng nhu cdu khoang sdn toan cdu Ddi mat vdi nhirng thach thirc ldn la sir can thiet phdi ddu
tu vao nghien ciru trien khai R&D, mdt don bay cho phdt trien cdng nghe tien tien
Tir khoa: Thach thirc to ldn; phdt trien ben vimg, cdng nghe sang tao, khai thdc ngoai troi
I Gioi thieu
K h a i thac m o la m o t k h u vuc quan trong cua nen van m i n h toan cau Cac dong gop ciia khai thac m o cho nen k i n h te toan cau la v o cung quan t r o n g Gan 26 t y tan khoang san nguyen lieu duoc san xuat hang nam, trong so do co 6 t y tan la khoang san nang luong (than da va than nau), 2 ty tan quang de san xuat thep va cac k i m loai mau, 0,4 ty tan quang cho cac k i m loai mau, 1,6 t y tan khoang chat cong nghiep, 5 t y tan da h i n h va da v o i , ciing
v o i 11 ty tan da, cat va soi T r o n g b o i canh gia tang dan so toan cau va su " d o i " khoang san ngay cang gia tang, nganh cong nghiep khoang san phai phan dau va tiep tuc cung cap nguyen lieu thiet yeu de duy t r i xa h o i loai n g u o i , dap u n g ngay cang cao cac nhu cau ve chat l u o n g ciia cuoc song tot h o n , trir k h i co n h u n g de doa m o i va h i e u qua tai nguyen khoang san kho khan de tiep can khai thac N g a n h khoang san can bat dau suy nghi ra ngoai pham v i ciia m i n h de den v o i n h u n g sang tao m o i t r o n g n g h i e n ciru va cong nghe Bao cao nay t i m each xac d i n h nhung thach thiic I o n m a nganh cong nghiep khai thac mo phai v u g t qua de co the dap u n g nhu cau gia tang dan so toan cau va su thieu hut khoang san tram trgng
II Nhan dien nhirng thach thirc to ldn
N a m 2008, Hgc v i e n K y thuat Qu6c gia H o a K y cong b6 m o t loat cac thach thiic Ion d6i v o i k y thuat trong the k y 2 1 H g da xac d i n h 14 thach thirc dua ra d u o i day:
1 Sir dung hieu qua nang l u o n g mat t r o i
2 Cung cap nang l u g n g nhiet hach
3 Phat trien cac p h u o n g phap thu h o i carbon
4 Quan l y chu t r i n h n i t a
Trang 2Hdi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt md qudc te - 2010 Cdng nghiep md tien tiin vi sir phdt trien bin virng
5 Cung cap nuac sach
6 K h o i phuc va cai thien ca sa ha tang do t h i
7 T i e n bo trong y hoc
8 Quan l y chua benh tot han
9 M a y t i n h l a m dao Ion k y thuat
10 N g a n chan k h u n g bo hat nhan
11 D i e u k h i e n an toan khoang khong v u t r u
12 T i e n bo trong the g i a i do
13 N a n g cao nang lire ca nhan
14 K y su - cong cu k h a m pha khoa hoc
Nhirng thach thuc I o n d o i v a i k y thudt tiep tuc duac ban cai t r o n g g i a i khoa hoc k y thuat a M y va ciing theo mach nay chung t o i m u o n nhan dien va u u tien n h u n g thach thirc lan doi v a i k y thuat khai thac mo
I I I N h a n d i e n n h u n g t h a c h t h u c I o n t r o n g n g a n h k h a i t h a c k h o a n g san
N h u n g thach thuc I o n de cap den a day la nhirng thach thuc gan n h u k h o n g the giai
quyet duac va neu k h o n g co nhung buac dot phd ca ban hoac d o i m a i cong nghe t h i viec dat dugc cac muc t i e u se chi la mgt giac m a xa x o i Chung t o i xac d i n h nhirng thach thirc lan ciia nganh khai thac khoang san n h u sau:
1 C a hgc da va k y thuat khai thac
C a hgc da trong khai thac m o m a ra nhung ca h o i t h u v i N o se l a m cho qua trinh san xuat it ton nhan luc, l a m cho san xuat gia tang, vat lieu no dugc thay the, giam thieu nhung hau qua k h o n g m o n g m u o n nhung ben canh do hieu qua trong san xuat lai tang len Cac k y su can phai m a rong kha nang sir dung cac may khoan dao 16 T B M (Tunnel B o r i n g Machines) de co the dao dugc cac duong 16 trong dat da co c u o n g do khang nen cao hon
2 Phat trien cac k y thuat tham do m o i phuc v u cho viec m o rong co so d u lieu tai nguyen khoang san, de nen van m i n h ciia con n g u o i co the phat trien ben v u n g
Trai dat la m o t harm t i n h co nguon tai nguyen h u u han D a n so ngay cang gia tang hien dang tieu t h u tai nguyen v o i m o t toe do ma khong the dugc duy t r i Theo thong t i n hien nay, cac k y su da phat trien cac k y thuat tham do de xac d i n h t r u l u g n g khoang san co tiem nang den do sau khoang 1 k m m o t each nhanh chong va hieu qua Qua t r i n h t i m k i e m tai nguyen trong l o n g trai dat da trai qua mot quang d u o n g dai ciia cong nghe k y thuat, hy vgng ve su phat trien cho rang co the se dat dugc cac muc tieu K y thuat k h o n g phai khoan dao trong tham do n h u X - q u a n g , Radar, va m o h i n h 3-D can dugc sir dung de "nhin" qua lap vo ciia trai dat va dieu nay se la m o t buoc tien dai trong t i m k i e m nguon tai nguyen de
d u t r u va khai thac k i n h te Cong nghe sang tao day hua hen bao g o m he thong song chep hinh thong m i n h tren be mat ( S W I P S ) va k y thuat tham do sau trai dat bang h i n h anh giua nhirng cong nghe tham do khac se giup hien thuc hoa quan d i e m x e m trai dat la "Qua cau thuy t i n h " (y n o i co the n h i n thay het trong long trai dat) ciia C S I R O , Australia
3 Phat trien cong nghe t u dong hoa trong khai thac m o , dan den k h a i thac it n g u a i Tiep theo can cong bo cong khai m o i quan tam lien quan den viec t u dong hoa cac qua trinh khai thac m o Cac k y su phai phat trien cac giai phap cong nghe de g i a m bat su
Trang 3Hdi nghi khoa hoc kT thuat md qudc ti - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi sir phdt triin bin virng
can thiep ciia con n g u d i trong hoat dong n h u khoan, van c h u y l n khoang san tir m d den nha may tuyen che bien khoang san G i d i thieu sir dung cac xe t u lat ( k h o n g cd n g u d i lai) d cac rao 16 thien l d n se k h o n g chi loai bo t h u o n g t i c h do tai nan n g u d i d i l u k h i l n met m o i do lam viec keo dai, chi p h i nhan luc, ma con gia tang nang suat tir cac xe van hanh m a k h o n g
co bat k y su gian doan nao He thong g i a m sat dua tren C A N (mang g i a m sat k h u virc) dugc goi la C A N - b u s cong nghe se dugc thuc hien b d i cac nha san xuat trang thiet b i m d Cac he t h i n g nay cd the de dang thich n g h i va cau h i n h ciia nd co cac cap do khac nhau ciia t u ddng hoa, cung co the dugc thay d o i va nang cap bang each thay d o i phan m e m ma khong can phai che tao lai cac bd phan chii y e u ciia may D i e u nay se tang nang suat b d i don dat hang dap u n g dugc ngay cang nhieu h o n so v d i m i i c nang suat hien hanh
4 Phat trien va khai thac ben v u n g tap trung vao k h a i thac m d v d i cdng nghe xanh va sach hon
T h d i gian da thay d d i Quan n i e m quan l y m d i da dugc phat t r i e n dd theo k i p v d i thdi gian thay doi Y t u d n g m d i va cac cdng cu quan Ly phai dugc thuc hien de mang lai nhung budc di thay d d i , hieu qua hoat ddng khai thac m d , l a m tang sire canh tranh ciia khai thac
md Theo W S S D , phat trien ben virng la phai "phat t h e n dap i m g n h u cau ciia hien tai ma khong anh h u d n g den kha nang dap u n g n h u cau ciia cac the he t r o n g t u o n g l a i " Theo quan diem ciia chiing t d i t h i ngudn tai nguyen hien cd co the k h a i thac het va the he tucmg lai co the buoc phai chap nhan m o t tieu chuan cuoc song thap h o n D e phat t h e n ben virng, cac k y su phai h u d n g t d i muc tieu dp dung cong nghe k y thuat san xuat sach hon Cac yeu
to chinh ciia san xuat sach hon, ap dung cho nganh cong nghiep k h a i thac m o va khoang san bao g d m
i) sir dung ngudn tai nguyen mdt each t d i u u ; \
ii) t i m k i e m ngudn thay the;
i i i ) hien dai hda cdng nghe;
iv) bao quan tot va
v) tai che tai hien t r u d n g
Cac budc nay se giup mang lai mot sir thay d o i m o h i n h t r o n g cac no lire ciia nganh cong nghiep mo de dat dugc muc tieu phat t h e n ben v u n g
5 Co su thay doi ldn trong vide sir dung cdng nghe thdng tin va truyen thdng (ICT)
trong khai thac m d
N e u khong sir dung m d t each rdng rai cdng nghe thdng t i n va truyen thdng trong hoat ddng khai thac m d t h i nganh m d k h o n g the phat trien D i e u nay se cho phep cac k y su cd the theo ddi hoat ddng ciia m d tir xa m a k h o n g can phai den hien t r u d n g m o N g a n h cong nghiep khai thac m o phai tien t d i muc tieu ap dung va t h i c h n g h i tot nhat v d i I C T K h a i niem nay cd nghia la tir H a N d i cac k y su cd the dieu hanh m d t m d d Iceland thdng qua cac ngudi may dieu k h i e n tir xa (telerobotics) va GPS M g i thdng t i n , d u lieu t h u thap, l u u lugng va phan t i c h phai dugc thuc hien trong s u i t t h d i gian dieu hanh de cd the ra quyet dinh trong cac d i l u k i e n nang ddng n h i t , d l t l i u u hda qua t r i n h san xuat He thdng thdng tin giam sat n h u vay cho may va qua t r i n h san x u i t la nhung dieu k i e n tien quyet de dat
Trang 4r r Hoi nghi khoa hoc kT thuat md quoc te - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phdt trien ben virng
dugc m u c do cao ve h i e u s u i t va hieu qua chi p h i D a y la van de can x e m xet trang thai hien tai cua nghe thuat cong nghe
6 Cai thien an toan dan din ZAP (tai nan bang khong)
K h a i thac m o la m o t nghe nghiep nguy h i e m va t h a m hga k h o n g ngirng gia tang trong nhung nam gan day (cac v u no 6 T r u n g Quoc, M y , N g a , A n D o trong thang t u / thang 5, 2010) tiep tuc la m o t thach thuc kho khan va k h o n g co g i a i han Q u y trinh cong nghe dugc t u dgng hoa co the dan den so k h o n g ve tai nan V a i sy thanh cong cua cong nghe, trong do co ca cong nghe phong ngira tai hga, chac chan rang tai nan se k h o n g ton tai trong hoat dong san xuat m o va cac giai phap de dan den Z A P can dugc k h o n g ngirng t i m kiem
7 Phat trien sang tao quan diem khai thac khoang san bang each sir dung cong nghe sinh hgc
Cong nghe sinh hgc trong khai thac m o la m o t cong nghe than thien v a i m o i truang
de khai thac/ che bien khoang san N o lien quan den viec sir dung acidophilic oxit sulfua
k i m loai ciia v i sinh vat va thuoc chiing A c i d i m i c r o b i u m , A c i d i t h i o b a c i l l u s , L e p t o s p i r i l l u m
va Sulfobacillus va bao g o m hai qua trinh - qua trinh o x y hoa sinh hgc va lgc sinh hgc Lgc sinh hgc dugc sir dung hieu qua trong viec thu h o i cac dong, k e m , c h i , n i k e n va m o l y p d e n tir quang sulfua N g o a i viec khai thac sinh hgc quang, k i m loai quy co the con dugc chiet xuat tir dat da thai ciia m o bang viec ap dung cong nghe lgc sinh hgc hoac o x y hoa sinh hgc
va cung cap mot giai phap xir l y sinh hgc cho he thong nuac thai m o co t i n h axit cao V i e c
ap dung cac k y thuat sinh hgc ngay tai m o se g i a m so l u g n g quang dugc chuyen giao cho cac nha may che bien va h o n the nua se it gay ra tac dong xau den m o i t r u a n g
8 Phdt trien cac m d "ky thuat so"
M o t quan d i e m dang pho bien la so hoa cac hoat dong cua m o De dat dugc dieu do
mo can dugc trang b i cac cam bien thong m i n h va bo v i xir l y de theo d o i hang ngan thong
so trong thai gian hoat dong de dua ra cac chan doan true tuyen va d u bao de dat dugc mo hinh " d u bao va ngan chan" thay cho "su co va xac d i n h " de dat dugc m u c do cao ve hieu suat M g i hoat dgng phai dugc phan m e m d i n h hudng D i e u nay se each mang hda hoat dong ciia m d Cdng cu va phan m e m n h u ER_P ( K e hoach tai nguyen t r u l u g n g ) He thdng dieu hanh van tai d-td tren m d ( T D S ) Cac m d se dugc t d i u u hda cac hoat ddng ciia minh H a n nua, cdng nghe m d i g i a m sat v j t r i lam viec ciia cdng nhan trong m d bang each cay chip va phat hien thdng qua GPS (he thdng d i n h v i toan cau), sir dung R F I D (Sir dung tan sd radio de phat hien va nhan dien) se tang cudng kha nang theo d d i chuyen ddng ciia ngudi va trang thiet b i hieu qua D o dd, cd m d t chien luge tap t r u n g trong nganh cdng nghiep khai thac m d trong t u o n g lai se d d i mat dugc v d i cac thach thirc bang vide phat trien cac phuang phap va cdng cu de tao dieu k i e n quyet d i n h c h i n h xac va nhanh chdng,
de cat giam chi p h i san xuat va tang l g i nhuan
9 K h a i thac m d it chat thai
M d t thach thuc l d n can dugc giai quyet la quan l y chat thai rah trong m d N g a n h cdng nghiep khai thac m d hang nam tao ra khoang 8,5 t y tan c h i t thai thdng qua viec loai
bd cac ldp dat bao phu (trong khai thac m d Id thien) va d i t da m a k h o n g dap i m g yeu c i u
Trang 5Hoi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt md qudc ti - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phdt triin bin vung
cap quang cho che bien Neu tich tu lai, khoi lugng chit thai se chilm tucrng ducmg vai dat
do ciia mot h i n h n o n co chieu cao 1 k m va d u o n g k i n h 9 k m Phat dien ngay t r o n g l o n g dat
ma khong van chuyen than len be mat va cung co the sir dung cac cong nghe co lien quan
d i n cac san pham n h u tro bay, n h u sir dung dat da thai chen 16 se m a n g lai n h u n g buoc thay d l i trong quan l y chat thai Cac giai phap n h u vay la kha t h i k h o n g c h i ve mat cong nghe, ma con ca v l mat k i n h te k h i so sanh v o i cac giai phap h i e n hanh, v i d u n h u cong nghe phat dien hien nay Dat da thai cung phai dugc quan l y m g t each h i e u qua de no co
t h i chira c h i t thai va ngan ngira 6 n h i e m nuac mat va n u a c n g a m D i e u nay se giup lam giam dau i n ciia khai thac m o den m o i t r u a n g
10 C h u y l n d o i sang khai thac ham 16 - m o t nhu cau cap bach
Cac m o ciia t h i k y 21 se phai dugc khai thac trong l o n g dat v i hai l y do chinh T h i i
n h i t , la do phai khai thac tai nguyen khoang san nam sau d u a i l o n g dat, m o t k h i nguon tai nguyen nong da can kiet T h i i hai, de g i a m thieu cac v a n de l i e n quan den m o i t r u a n g khi kliai thac cac m o 16 thien, hien dien true tiep truoc mat n g u o i V i vay, v a n de k i e m soat ciia cac t i n g lop x a h o i va p h u a n g phap khai thac lira chgn phai bao dam l g i nhuan la nhirng thach thiic l a n k h i khai thac cac m o nam sau trong l o n g dat bang cac m o ham 16 Cac mo d i n g Chuquicamata ciia C O D E L C O dang dugc k h a i thac thong qua p h u a n g phap pha hoa toan phan trong 7 nam qua, sau k h i ket thuc khai thac bang p h u a n g phap 16 thien 6 the ky qua H g uoc t i n h m o con chiia khoang 3 ty tan tai nguyen M o t so m o khac dang trai qua qua trinh chuyen d o i p h u a n g phap khai thac n h u B i n g h a m C a n y o n M i n e ( R i o Tinto, Hoa K y ) , Deep Ore Zone ( D O Z ) , m o (PT Freeport, Indonesia) Cac k y su ciia the k y 21 dang phai lua chgn cong nghe khai thac khoang san trong l o n g dat bang p h u a n g phap ham
16 hoac co su ket hop 16 thien va khai thac ham 16 de k h a i thac n g u o n tai nguyen to l a n va gia tang san l u g n g
11 G i a m tieu t h u nuoc va giai phap sir dung nang l u g n g h i e u qua
Nganh cong nghiep khai thac m o tieu thu khoang 1-2 trieu t y K J u n hang nam, hoac khoang 3,2% nang l u g n g tieu thu ciia tat ca cac nganh cong nghiep tai M y C h i p h i nang lugng la mot thanh phan quan trgng trong chi p h i k h a i thac m o Cac hoat dong khai thac
mo can dugc t o i u u hoa, v i du n h u nuoc can tieu thu, sir dung co h i e u qua va co the tai sir dung den miic t o i da Cac k y su phai ket hgp chat che v o i bg m a y quan l y m o de cung cap cac thiet b i m o sir dung nang l u g n g hieu qua va ca trong qua t r i n h thay the cac thiet b i cu
va l o i thai D i e u nay se giai quyet dugc cac m o i quan tain ngay cang tang ciia nuac va su thieu hut nang l u g n g K h a i thac ben v u n g phai la trgng t a m c h i n h ciia nganh cong nghiep khai thac m o Co the la tieu t h u nguyen lieu khoang san h i e n nay se l a m cho the he tuong lai phai chap nhan m o t tieu chuan cuoc song thap hon
12 K h a i thac ngoai trai dat
De m a rong n g u o n tai nguyen, k y su khai thac m o phai giai quyet n h u n g thach thiic ciia khai thac m o tren cac dai d u o n g va khai thac ngoai trai dat n h u khai thac m o tren M a t Trang ciing n h u tren sao Hoa Quan d i e m ve khai thac m o ngoai trai dat la k h o n g the tranh
ne, bang nhieu each k h i ta x e m xet viec tham do trong khoang k h o n g v u t r i r M a t trang dugc cho la co n g u l n g l e tir l o p vo ciia trai d i t va co nhirng d i e m t u o n g dong ve thach hgc
va khoang vat v o i l a p vo ciia trai d i t M a t trang co m o i t r u a n g cue k y khac nghiet, k l hoach khai thac dang dugc vach ra va m g t trong nhung mat hang chii yeu dugc nham t a i la
Trang 6Hpi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt md quoc te - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi su phdt trien ben vung
muc tieu khai thac nguyen lieu la H e3 + cte co the dap u n g t i n h trang thieu nang l u g n g cho
dan so toan cdu Ve ban chdt, do la y t u o n g cho rang cac nguon tai nguyen t o n tai trong
khong gian ben ngoai trai ddt va co l g i the de dat dugc bang each k h a i thac chung N g u o n tai nguyen H y d r o g e n va H e l i u m ( H e3 +) co the thu dugc tren be mat cua M a t Trang V i e c thanh lap m o t tram can c u tren be mat M a t trang cung v o i cac hoat dong khai thac co the cung cap m o t be phong cho cac buoc tham do tiep theo trong he thong thien ha V i vay, nganh cong nghiep k h a i thac m o cua cac nuoc nen chi ra n h u n g thach thuc k h i khai thac
mo tren M a t trang de co the t i m hieu them Cac k y su phai n h i n vao bien g i o i menh m o n g ciia khoang k h o n g v u t r u la n o i ke tiep de co dugc nguon tai nguyen va phat trien dot pha cong nghe de k h a m pha va khai thac ben ngoai trai dat
13 Thiet ke dong cira m o
M o i mot m o deu co nguon tai nguyen t r u l u g n g g i o i han, k h o n g the duy t r i hoat dong cua mo vo t h o i han N o dugc sinh ra, co m g t cuoc song h u u han va phai chet D o n g cira
mo la mot thach thirc cho nganh cong nghiep khai thac m o C h u n g ta phai n h i n vao cac van
de theo chieu sau bao g o m ca viec phuc h o i hien t r u o n g m o va loai bo n h u n g tac dong lau dai den m o i truong
Phuc h o i cai tao co hieu qua m o i t r u o n g m o can tap trung vao 3 muc tieu chinh:
1 Phuc h o i lai dat khai thac den m o t m u c do l a m hai l o n g cho canh tac, dam bao cho
su on dinh va an toan cong cong;
2 Dat dugc muc tieu su dung dat sau khai thac da d i n h truoc ( P M L U )
3 Dat dugc muc tieu cuoi ciing ciia cai tao cang tham m y cang tot
M u c tieu ciia cong tac phuc h o i sau khai thac k h o n g phai chi la bang cong nghe kha thi, ma hg cung phai dat dugc ca ve mat k i n h te
M u c tieu cuoi ciing phai dat dugc la san xuat ngay cang sach h o n , van m i n h h o n va khai thac m o v o i m o t k h u o n mat m o i D i e u nay ngu y rang cac quan n i e m pho bien ve nganh cong nghiep khai thac m o la m o t nganh cong nghiep t r i tre va thieu sue song, chi dua vao co bap da thay d o i
14 Phat trien nguon nhan luc:
De dap ung n h u n g thach thuc Ion, nganh cong nghiep khai thac m o ngay cang phai dua tren mot doi ngu cac nha quan l y m o i va luc l u g n g lao dong lanh nghe N h u n g anh huong ciia t i n h trang thieu k y nang trong san xuat co m o t tac dong manh trong nhieu l i n h vuc, nhung dang ke nhat trong khai thac m o se la:
- L a m suy g i a m an toan san xuat;
- K h o n g co kha nang de phat trien cac d u an mod va sang tao t r o n g khai thac m o , va
- G i a m nang suat, l g i nhuan va kha nang canh tranh
Hien nay, theo thong ke t h i so l u g n g sinh v i e n tren toan cau tot nghiep ra t r u o n g ve khai thac m o la 4.500 nguoi/nam, co nghia la khoang 1 k y su tot nghiep cho m o i 6.000.000 tan khoang san khai thac D o la mot chi so bdt l g i T h a m hut k y nang dugc phan anh la giong n h u v o i trong nghien c u u danh gia R & D trong nganh cong nghiep khai thac mo
IV Vien canh tuong lai
Trang 7Hoi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt mo qudc ti -2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi sic phdt triin bin viing
Chung ta can co su hop tac va trao d o i tren pham v i toan cdu ve n h u n g tac dong cua
kliai thac m o la rat sau rong Co m o t n h u cau l a m cho cac cong t y k h a i thac m o phai co nhung phan u n g t h i c h hop d o i v o i tac dong m o i t r u o n g , xa h o i va k i n h t l t r o n g hoat dong cua minh
Cac k y su phai ket hop v o i cac nha khoa hoc, cac co so dao tao v a nhirng n g u o i khac
d l k h u y l n k h i c h va thuc day cai tien khoa hoc, cong nghe, k y thuat, va toan hoc ( S T E M ) Giao due trong cac t r u o n g hoc nham tang c u o n g dong chay cua t h o n g t i n k y thuat, de cong chung khong chi duoc tiep t h u nhung thanh t u n ciia khoa hoc k y thuat, m a con danh gia cao nhung each l a m cua cac nha khoa hoc va k y su co t r i thuc - cong cu can thiet de dap ung nhu cdu ciia xa h o i N h u n g yeu to quyet d i n h cho su ben v i m g t r o n g t u o n g lai cua nganh cong nghiep khai thac m o toan cau se duoc ciing co bang cong nghe tien tien de hoa giai day d i i n h u n g thach thiic trong t u o n g l a i Chiing bao g o m r m u n g van de sau:
+ Tap trung vao cong nghe thong m i n h phuc v u cho t h a m do va xac d i n h tai nguyen; + N g h i e n c u u phat trien cong nghe khai thac sach, tiet k i e m nang l u o n g - h i e u qua; + Tap trung vao cong nghe co k h i hoa trong khai thac, de l a m cho cac he thong khai thac lien tuc t r o thanh m o t lira chon kha t h i trong khai thac m o ;
+ G i a m thieu chat thai trong khai thac va tai sir dung chat thai m o t each co trach nhiem v o i m o i t r u o n g ;
+ Phat trien cac k y thuat cong nghe che bien khoang san m o i , bao g o m ca cong nghe sinh hoc trong khai thac va xir l y chat thai;
+ Sir dung cac l o i i c h ciia C N T T de co m o t su thay d o i I o n t r o n g cong nghe khai thac
va de hien thuc hoa cac muc tieu cuoi ciing ciia cac he t h o n g t u d i e u k h i e n
V K e t l u a n
Cong nghiep k h a i khoang toan cau dang buoc vao m o t giai doan thay d o i cong nghe tang toe va nhieu thach thiic can phai duoc giai quyet N h i r n g thach thiic I o n se thiic day kha nang sang tao ciia con n g u o i chiing ta D a y la nhirng van de m a cac h o i v i e n H o i Cong nghe M o Quoc te phai thao luan de d i den cac giai phap t h i c h h o p N h i r n g thach thirc chi
co the giai quyet duoc thong qua cac cong cu d o n bay la cong nghe m o i dang duoc sir dung Cac nganh cong nghiep phai d o i mat v o i v o so cac thach thiic v a do la tam quan trong khien ho phai d o i mat trong t u o n g lai de giai quyet n h u n g thach thirc to I o n do
Tdi lieu tham khdo
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