Hpi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt mo quoc te 2010 Cong nghiep mo tien tiin vi su phat trien ben viing D I T A N S A T T H A C H K H E T H A C H T H L f C L ( J N V E C O N G N G H E V A M O I T R l T C T N G[.]
Trang 1Hpi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt mo quoc te - 2010 Cong nghiep mo tien tiin vi su phat trien ben viing
D I T A N S A T T H A C H K H E - T H A C H T H L f C L ( J N V E C O N G N G H E
V A M O I T R l T C T N G D O I V 6 l N G A N H M O V I E T N A M
ThS Luu Van Thuc
V i e n K h o a hoc C o n g nghe M 6 - T K V
PGS.TS H d Sy Giao
H o i K h o a hoc C o n g nghe M o V i e t N a m
Tom tat: Bai bdo de cap den nhirng ddc diem dja chat, dia chat cong trinh vd dia chat thuy
van dnh huong den viec lira chon cong nghe hop li khai thdc mo sat Thach Khe cung nhu nhung tiem dn ve co moi truong cd the xdy ra trong qua trinh khai khdc Bdi bdo ciing trinh bay nhung ket qua thu nghiem ban ddu ve cdng nghe xuc, van tdi, dd thdi, thoat nuoc nham rut kinh nghiem trudc khi dua md vao sdn xudt, neu ra cdc dinh hudng can tiep tuc nghien ciiv vd xir nham gdp phan hoan thien cdng nghe khai thdc phu hop vdi dieu kien md sat Thach Khe
1 Dac diem, dieu kien tu nhien khu mo
Sat Thach K h e la m o t khoang sang co t r u l u o n g I o n n a m trong dia phan 3 xa: Thach Khe, Thach H a i , Thach D i n h thuoc huyen Thach Ha, tinh H a TTnh N a m tren cac bai cat, dia hinh k h u m o t u o n g d o i bang phang, do cao trung binh tir m u c +5 + + 7 m T r o n g pham
v i k h u mo khong co cac suoi Ion Phia Tay each trung tam k h u m o 3 k m co song Thach Dong chay theo h u o n g tir N a m len Bac va do ra Cira Sot, phia D o n g each trung tam k h u
md 1,6km la B i e n D o n g K h u m o nam trong v i i n g k h i hau nhiet d o i ven bien, m o t nam co
2 miia ro ret: M i i a m u a bat dau tir thang 5+11, miia kho tir thang 12 den thang 5 nam sau
L u o n g mua hang nam thay d o i tir 1285,1^-3701,4 m m
K h u m o co cau tao dia chat phirc tap v o i cau true chinh la 3 tang nham thach co do ben khac nhau va nhieu nuoc ngam:
- Tang De tir va Neogen co chieu day tir 26+ 227m, gom: Cat, set va set pha tron co
nguon goc song, bien D o kien cd theo thang Protodiaconov f = 1
- Tang da cd dd cung trung binh, ldp vd bi phong hoa day tir 50-e-130m, la sudn tich
tan tich luon sau, tram tich, set pha cat, manh v u n da gdc va quang sat
- Tang d u d i cirng la da gdc cirng chac, t h u o n g la granit, da carbonat n h u da v d i , da
sung, da cam thach, cd hien t u o n g karst D o kien cd f = 4+\1
N h a m thach cd thanh phan, do ben cung n h u chieu day k h o n g ddng deu Cac l d p da tre va yeu phan bd nhieu h o n d phia Bac va D o n g D a gdc nhieu chd b i chia cat b d i pha huy kien tao D i e u kien dia chat thuy van ciia m d sat Thach K h e rat phuc tap gay k h d khan cho qua trinh hoat ddng kliai thac: K h i day m d x u d n g t d i do sau - 1 9 5 m t h i bien g i d i khai trudng phia D d n g Bac each mep nude bien 5 0 0 m ; Song Thach D d n g chay qua phia T a y mo; Cac v i i n g da v o v u n rdng l d n cd he so tham nude cao, v a i tang chua nude va to hop chua nude cd lien ket thuy lire v d i nhau; Cac hang dong kasto trong da cam thach co kha nang tao thanh n h u n g b d n nude cd m 6 i lien he giua nude ngam va nude bien v v N h u n g dac diem ve t u nhien n d i tren khong chi la n h u n g yeu td gay anh h u d n g den cdng nghe,
Trang 2Hdi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt md qudc ti - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi sir phat triin bin vung
van hanh thiet bi may moc cua hoat dong khai thac mo ma con tiem dn nhilu rui ro, sir co
v i m o i t r u a n g va b a m o
2 L j c h sir t h a m do, t h i e t ke m o :
M o s i t Thach K h e dugc n g u a i Phap (Deprat, Colani ) phat hien tir truac nam 1954 Cong tac tham do t i m k i l m b i t dau tir 1963 t a i 1966 V i e c t h a m do sa bo ket thuc vao nam
1978, nam 1985 D o a n 402 thuoc L i e n doan dia chat 4 da lap x o n g bao cao tham do ty m i
N a m 2007, Cong t y V I T E da lap bao cao chuyen d o i trir l u g n g N h i n chung cong tac tham
do cua m o dam bao d i i ca sd va do t i n cay de lap thiet ke k h a i thac
T i n g t r u l u g n g va tai nguyen ciia m d la: 534,45 trieu tan, t r o n g dd cap trir l u g n g la 273,96 trieu t i n , tai nguyen la 260,49 trieu t i n Quang s i t d day thuoc loai deluvi, quang
g l e va cac than quang pha tap khac Than quang goc chay theo h u d n g B a c - N a m , dai
khoang 3 k m , rong 2 0 0 ^ 6 0 0 m , c h i l u day than quang tir 22 + 4 0 0 m , chieu sau phan bo tir
mire -42 -750 H a m l u g n g trung b i n h cac nguyen td n h u sau: Fe = 58,3%; M n = 0 , 2 1 % ;
Z n = 0,07%; S = 0,112%; P = 0,05%
D i n nay da cd nhieu td chuc t u van lap dir an khai thac: N a m 1984-1985, td chuc t u
v i n ciia L i e n X d (cu) da lap L u a n chiing k i n h te-ky thuat; giai doan tir 1991-1997 Cdng ty
K r u p p - L o h r h o Pacific (CHLB Due) da lap Bao cao tien k h a t h i , k h a i thac den do sau
-400m, cdng s u i t m d 10 trieu tan/nam, trir l u g n g quang kliai thac 304 trieu tan; nam 1991 Cong ty N i p o n Steel ciing v d i Cong ty M i t s u i , Cong ty N i c h i m e n va cdng t y Nissho Iwai (Nhat Ban) da lap Bao cao t i l n kha t h i v d i cdng suat m d 5,0 trieu tan/nam; nam 1994 Cong
ty Dr.Otto G o l d da lap "Bao cao danh gia d j a chat va chat l u g n g m d quang sat Thach K h e "
va Cong ty Rheinbraun Engineeri (CHLB Due) da lap "Bao cao thao k h d m d " ; giai doan 1995-1997 Consortium g l m K r u p p (CHLB Dire), Genrco (CH Nam Phi) va M i t s u b i s h i (Nhat Bdn) da p h d i hgp lap Bao cao kha t h i chi tiet m d sat Thach K h e v d i cdng suat 10
trieu tan/nam N h u n g v i nhieu nguyen nhan khac nhau cac dir an do cac t d chirc tren deu khong the trien khai dugc
N a m 2004, V i e n Giproruda ( C H L B N g a ) da lap bao cao tien k h a t h i , sau dd nam
2007 da phoi hop v d i cac td chuc t u van V i e t N a m lap D i r an dau t u xay d u n g va da dugc cac co quan chirc nang phe duyet
3 C o n g nghe k h a i thac - thoat n u o c theo d u an do V i e n G i p r o r u p d a lap n a m 2007
M o sat Thach K h e co trir l u g n g l d n , co the dap irng n h u cau nguyen lieu phuc v u cho cong nghiep gang thep ciia dat nude trong nhieu nam K h a i thac sat Thach K h e la mot dir
an co y nghTa chien luge rat l d n khong chi ve k i n h te- xa h d i m a con ve mat c h i n h t r i , dac biet trong giai doan V i e t N a m m d i budc vao t h d i k y h d i nhap va dang budc dau ciia giai doan cong nghiep hoa va hien dai hoa Dat nude V i e c k h a i thac quang sat m d Thach khe trudc het nham cung cap nguyen lieu cho N h a may thep l i e n hop duoc xay d u n g tai k h u Cong nghiep V u n g A n g - H a TTnh, m o t phan cung cap nguyen lieu cho C d n g ty gang thep Thai Nguyen N g o a i ra, m o t phan quang ciia M d dir k i e n se duoc xuat khau nham d d i than
m d hoac than cdc diing cho luyen k i m trong nude
Theo dir an d i u t u do V i e n Giprorupda lap nam 2007, san l u g n g giai doan I la 4,5 trieu t i n quang nguyen khai/nam, giai doan I I la 10 trieu tan quang nguyen khai/nam, k h l i
Trang 3Hpi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt mo quoc te - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phat trien ben viing
l u o n g dat boc I o n nhat 20 trieu m3/ n a m , bien g i o i ket thuc m o mure - 5 5 0 m , trir l u o n g quang khai thac 375 trieu tan, k h d i l u o n g ddt boc 661,7 trieu m3 (dat yeu 353,5 trieu m3, da cung 308,2 trieu m3) T u y nhien, dk khai thac m o Thach K h e kho khan I o n nhat la thao kho va
thoat nuoc m o Theo t i n h toan ciia cac chuyen gia dia chat thuy van l u u l u o n g nuoc chay vao khai t r u o n g t o i 3.171.804 m3/ngay.dem (bao g o m 1.759.555 m3n u o c mat va 1.412.249
m3 nuoc ngam), day se la m d co l u u l u o n g nuoc chay vao l d n nhat d V i e t N a m Giai phap thao kho va thoat nude m d d u k i e n ap dung la he thdng cac gieng khoan de ha thap mire nude ket hop v d i thoat nude cudng birc bang cac tram b o m dat d day m d va tren b d m o Cac gieng khoan duoc bd t r i thanh tirng v o n g khep k i n , bat dau bao quanh k h u vuc m d via, sau dd m d rdng dan theo su phat trien ciia cdng t r i n h m d cho t d i bien g i d i cudi ciing, chia thanh 4 dot: L a n l u o t la 44; 52; 69 va 195 gieng khoan Theo thiet ke cac Id khoan nay se duoc ton tai va hoat ddng den het d d i m d , n h u n g trong dieu k i e n quang va tang da cung phai khoan nd m i n , t h i chi cho phep duy t r i duoc cac 16 khoan d hang ngoai cung D o vay,
d giai doan cudi thao k h d day m o se gap nhieu kho khan, nen phai nghien c u u cac giai phap bo sung khac
Dong bo thiet b i khai thac gom: M a y khoan loai xoay cau CBUJ-250MH ( d u o n g k i n h
d =250mm), sir dung may xuc 3KI~-10 (E = 10 m3) trong l u o n g 395 tan de xuc dat da cung
va quang, sir dung may xuc gau treo ES-6,5/45 (dung tich gau E = 5+7 m ) de xuc dat da mem, thiet bi van tai dat da va quang la 6 to Beflar-71135 tai trong 130 tan De dam bao cho cac thiet b i tren hoat dong d u o n g van tai d o i v d i cac tang dat yeu (tren nen cat, set, set pha c a t ) phai gia cd bang rai l d p da dam cd chieu day 1,0m
V d i dieu k i e n dia chat thuy van, dia chat cdng trinh phuc tap va quy m d san l u o n g nhu mo Thach K h e , dong bo thiet b i do Dir an lira chon chua hop l y b o i : Thiet b i khoan va xiic sir dung nang l u o n g dien, co trong l u o n g l d n , cdng kenh k e m co ddng, toe do d i chuyen cham, de gay lay l u n k h i hoat dong 6 tang dat yeu M a t khac, dieu k i e n t h o i tiet viing Thach K h e hang nam t h u o n g xay ra m u a bao vao t h o i gian tir thang 9 den thang 12, gay ngap lut m o va xay ra mat dien, v d i cac thiet b i chay dien se k h o n g an toan k h i hoat dong 6 cac tang d u d i day m d H o n nira, thiet b i khoan quang sir dung d u d n g k i n h d = 250mm la l d n so v d i k i c h co yeu cau k h i dua quang vao nghien tuyen Thiet b i van chuyen
co trong tai qua l d n so v d i yeu cau cdng suat m d va k h o n g phu hop v d i dieu kien dia chat phiic tap ciia m d dac biet la tang dat yeu D u d n g van tai trong khai t r u d n g d i chuyen lien tuc theo trinh tir phat trien cdng trinh m o phai rai ldp da day 1,0m, sau dd xiic chuyen l a m tang chi p h i va td chiic san xuat phirc tap
4 N h u n g k h o k h a n can l u o n g t r u d c
K h a i thac m o sat Thach K h e co the se gap phai n h u n g kho khan n h u m u a l d n keo dai nhieu ngay, tram b o m d day m d va cac gieng khoan hut nude k h o n g hoat dong duoc hoac hoat dong khong co hieu qua l a m ngap lut day m o Sir co mat dien l u d i cung co the xay ra tinh trang t u o n g t u Sir ngap lut day m o se dan den nhirng tac hai pha huy toan bo trang thiet b i , may moc va cong t r i n h khai thac ma viec phuc h 6 i lai rdt kho khan va t o n kem Sir xuat h i f n cua cac m o i lien ket thuy lire giua cac tang nude n g a m v d i cac bon chiia, cac viing dat da t o i v u n ngam nude, cac hang dong kasto v.v lam t i e m an cac nguy co buc nude, cd the gay ngap lut cue bd hoac toan dien dan den cac thiet hai ve k i n h te
Trang 4Hpi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt mo qudc ti - 2010 Cong nghiep mo tien tien vi su phat triin bin vung
Sir cong huong cua 3 yeu to la nuoc ngam, nuoc bien va lop dk da phii de tir ylu
day 26+227 m phia tren se tao co h o i t r u o t no, troi rua ddt da b d m d , thani thau m a c h nude ngam, nude bien, dan den sat l d cue bo, tham chi sat l d ca doan b o m d , dac biet b o m d phia Dong khai t r u d n g Cac ket qua t i n h toan d n d i n h b o m d , n i u k h o n g cd cac bien phap phong
c h l n g , b d m d Thach K h e se t i e m an nguy co bien dang N g o a i ra, hien t u o n g nude bien dang cao do bao cung can duoc nghien c u u de cd giai phap phong tranh
M o t van de m d i t r u d n g quan trong khac cung can duoc de cap t d i k h i dir an dua vao hoat dong T r o n g khoang sang sat Thach K h e t o n tai 4 tang nude n g a m cd m d i lien he thuy lire v d i nude mat thdng qua ldp phii neogen va de t u t o i x o p cd he sd t h a m cao D o vay, trong qua trinh b o m thoat nude ngam ciia m d se anh h u d n g t d i n g u d n tai nguyen nude mat
5 N h u n g k e t q u a t h u n g h i e m b a n d a u
Trong dieu k i e n dia chat phuc tap va n h u n g sir cd m d i t r u o n g cd the xay ra trong qua trinh khai thac n h u da n d i tren day D o vay, can phai t h i cdng thir n g h i e m cong nghe xiic, van tai, do thai, thoat nude v.v nham due rut k i n h n g h i e m trudc k h i dua m d vao khai thac v d i quy m d l d n D u o c sir ddng y ciia C h i n h phii va B d C d n g t h u o n g V i e t N a m , ngay 01/12/2007 Cdng t y Cd phan sat Thach K h e ciing v d i C d n g t y C d phan than Coc sau-TKV
da thi cdng thir n g h i e m tren nen cat va set tai k h u vuc phia Bac k h a i t r u d n g Theo phuong
an thir nghiem, giai doan I bdc 1,5 trieu m3 cat va set, g i d i han thir n g h i e m den muc -10 Thiet b i t h i cdng thir n g h i e m g d m : M a y xiic thuy lire gau nguoc cd dung tich gau tir 1,8+2,8m3
, 6 td cd tai trong tir 15+37 tan, thiet b i p h u t r o la m a y gat D 8 5 A , may xiic tai va may san d u d n g , thiet b i b o m nude cd cdng suat tir 280+320 m3/ h va m a y b o m 1250 m3/ h
N a m 2009, sau k h i thir n g h i e m thanh cdng giai doan I , C d n g t y C d phan sat Thach Khe da lap ke hoach bdc dat tang phii v d i k h d i l u o n g 11,5 trieu m3
a Thoat nude khai trudng
De han che nude mat x u n g quanh chay
vao khai t r u d n g , m d da xay d u n g he thdng de
bao xung quanh bang vat lieu cat tai cho D o
vat lieu la cat, nen theo t h o i gian d u d i tac ddng
ciia mua, g i d k i c h thudc ciia de b i bao m d n va
phai gia co
D o i v d i nude ngam l u u l u o n g chay vao
khai t r u d n g tang nhanh trong cac thang m i i a
mua K h i k i c h thudc khai t r u d n g d i n miic
-10m tren dien t i c h 0 , 3 5 5 k m2 ( 1 0 0 0 m x 355m),
luong nude chay vao m d len t d i 610.800
m3/thang (3/2009)
b Cong tdc dao ho bom:
M d da sir dung may xiic thuy lire gdu nguoc de dao hd b o m , chieu sau hd b o m trong tang cat chi dat 3 m D o l u o n g nude ngam chay vao lien tuc keo theo l u o n g b i i n cat chay xuong hd b o m , c h i l u sau h i b o m k h o n g dat yeu cau n h u thiet ke ( 6 m ) K h d i l u o n g biin cat nao vet tir 4083+35.940 m3/ t h a n g K h u vuc dao h i b o m luon lay l d i , may xiic phai xiic chuyen tai tir 2+3 ldn
Hinh 1 Nao vet ho bam tai md Thach Khe
Trang 5Hpi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt md qudc ti - 2010 Cdng nghiep md tien tiin vi su- phat trien ben viing
Bdng 1: Luang mua va nu&c ngam chay vao khai truong bdc ddt thu nghiem giai doan I
Chi tieu
Lugng mua
thang (X), m 0,04 0,03 0,15 0,39 0,6 0,14 0,18 0,69 0,04 1,34 0,67 1,04 0,03 0,51 Dien tich
hung nuac
(F),103 m2
73,1 104,0 108,3 109,4 130,5 218,3 247,8 272,7 287,9 310,2 349,5 350,5 355,5 351,5
Lugng nuac
mua chay
vao moong
khai thac:103
m3/thang
3,2 3,0 16,7 42,2 78,4 30,3 43,4 187,1 10,7 415,3 233,5 363,8 11,0 178,9
Lugng nuac
ngam chay
vao moong
khai thac Qn,
103
m3
/thang
216,0 230,8 295,3 315,2 325,3 327,3 265,5 125,5 254,2 195,5 167,5 147,5 117,5 224,6
Tong lugng
nuoc chay
vao moong
khai thac,
103m3/thang
219,2 233,8 312,0 357,5 403,7 357,6 308,9 312,5 264,9 610,8 400,9 511,3 128,5 403,5
c Anh hu&ng cua nu&c ngam t&i sw&n tdng cdt
Do dac d i e m cua tang cat b a r a i , lien
ket yeu, k h i m a i xiic x o n g goc doc suon
tang co gia t r i tir a = 4 4 + 4 7 ° , sau do giam
dan va sau 9 thang a = 2 8 + 3 1 ° gan bang
gia t r i goc d i e t h i l t k i ( a = 2 5 + 3 0 ° ) K h i
chieu cao tang tang hoac k h i co m u a bo cap
cho nuac ngam t h i goc doc suon tang g i a m
nhanh, sir thay d o i goc doc suon tang theo
thai gian t h ! hien tren h i n h 2 m n h 2: Su thay ddi gdc ddc suon tdng cdt theo
thoi gian tqi vi tri quan trac so 4
De giam su x o i l o suon tang cat k h o n g de nuoc n g a m chay dgc theo ranh d u o i chan tang ma tao cac ho t h u trung gian, sau do dua nuoc ve cac ho tap trung tren mat V a i phuang phap nay se g i a m su x o i l a chan tang va va suon tdng
d Cdc thdng so he thong khai thdc
Cac thong so he thong khai thac trong qua t r i n h t h i cong thir n g h i e m ciia m o Thach Khe dugc xac d i n h n h u bang 2
Qua theo d o i cho thay v o i dong bo t h i l t b i la may xiic thuy luc gau ngugc co dung tich gau E = l , 8 + 4 , 0 m3
, p h i i hgp v o i oto co tai trgng q = 15+39 tan cac thong s i he t h i n g khai thac n h u bang 2 la p h i i hop
30
T.I T.2 T.3 T.4 T.5 T.6 T.7 T.8 T9
Th«n«
Trang 6Hpi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt mo quSc te - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phat triin bin vung
Bang 2 Cdc thdng so HTKT thi cdng thu nghiem tqi md quang sat Thach Khe
(Tinh din thdng 6/2010)
Gia tri
an dau
tu
Thiet ke thir nghiem
Thirc te thir nghiem
2 Chieu cao phan tang xiic (hp t) m 3 + 9 4 + 6
3 Chieu rong mat tang cong tac toi thieu
4 Goc doc suon tang trong cat (a) do 25 +
30 27 + 29 2 8 - 3 3
7 Chieu dai khu vuc xiic ( Lx) m 200+250 2 0 0 - 2 5 0
8 Chieu rong khai truong trung binh m 120 300 + 355
e So do cdng nghe xuc vd nang suat cua thiet bi
Hien tai, mo dang ap dung 3 so do cdng nghe xiic n h u sau:
- Trudng hop day mo lay loi: M a y xiic thuy lire gau ngugc dung tren v d i guong xiic phia
dudi va chat tai vao dtd dung ciing miic Chieu cao phan t i n g xiic tir hp t = 2,5+3,5m (hinh 2)
- Trudng hop day md thoat nude tot: A p dung cac sa dd xiic n h u sau:
+ Trudng hop 1: M a y xiic thuy lire gau ngugc d u n g tren v d i g u o n g xiic phia dudi va
chat tai vao oto d u d i m i i c may dung, chieu cao phan tang 2 , 5 + 3 , 5 m ( h i n h 3)
+ Trudng hop 2: M a y xiic thuy lire gau ngugc d u n g d m i i c t r u n g gian xiic ca guong
phia tren va guong phia d u d i , chat tai len d to dirng d u d i m i i c m a y d u n g Chieu cao phan tang dudi hp t d = 2-2,5m, chieu cao phan tang tren: hp t t = 3 + 3 , 5 m ( h i n h 4 )
K h i day m d thoat nude tot nang suat ciia may xiic tang tir 8,95+17,57% so v d i khi day mo lay l d i A p dung so do xiic n h u h i n h 4, td chiic san xuat thuan l g i , k h d i lugng dat
da rai dudng va di chuyen d u d n g it nhat D o dd, viec thao k h d day m d cd y nghTa quan trgng de hoan thanh ke hoach san xuat ciia m d T u y nhien, k h i day m d lay l d i ap dung so cong nghe xiic n h u h i n h 2 van dam bao t i n h kha t h i ve cong nghe va nang suat ciia dong bo thiet b i V d i cac tang dat yeu (cat, set va set pha cat v.v ) may xiic thuy luc gau ngugc khai thac p h i i hgp h o n so v d i cac loai may xiic gau cap chay dien
/ Cdng tdc van tdi-dd thdi
T h a i gian thir n g h i e m vira qua cho thay k h i oto nhan tai d d u d i m i i c may xiic dung nang suat ciia td hop xiic bdc - van tai cao h o n so v d i k h i 6 to diing ciing m i i c may xiic Cac loai 6 to co c h i l u rong ldp va d u d n g k i n h banh xe l d n co ap lire len nen nhd hoat dong
Trang 7Hoi nghi khoa hoc ki thudt md quoc te - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tiin vi su phat trien ben vung
hieu qua h o n so v o i loai 6 to co co l i p nho T r o n g so cac xe dua vao t h i i nghiem t h i loai 6
to khung dong H M 4 0 0 - 2 R co ban k i n h vong nho, chieu rong lop xe I o n (d = 0,7m) ap luc nen nen nho, hoat dong hieu qua nhat, dac biet k h i day m o lay l o i va sung nuoc
Hinh 2: Khi day md lay loi may
xuc thuy luc gau nguqc chat tdi
len o to cung miic may dung
Hinh 3: Khi day mo thoat nu&c Hinh 4: Khi day md thoat nude tot may xuc thuy luc gau nguqc tot may xuc thuy luc gau ngugc dung tren chit tdi len d to dudi dirng mire trung gian chat tdi
muc may dirng len oto dudi mire may dirng
Cac tuyen d u o n g ngoai m o trong qua t r i n h thir n g h i e m da duoc gia co bang dat cap phoi v o i chieu day tir 0,2+0,3m V o i viec gia co n h u tren tuyen d u o n g van tai da dam bao cho cac xe thir nghiem van hanh tot, tuy nhien k h i co m u a d u o n g lay l o i sut l u n can phai duy tu bo sung k h o i l u o n g dat cap p h o i
M o dang do thai theo phan tang h i n h re quat, do dac thii ciia cat va set co goc n o i ma sat nho, nen tang thai chi do cao 12m, goc doc suon tang thai k h i m o i do dat tir 3 0 + 3 5 ° , sau
do se giam dan ve goc on d i n h t u nhien co gia t r i < 30° T r o n g ciing dieu k i e n v d i tang thai cat va set d td khung ddng cd the tien sat mep tang thai de d o tai; n h u n g d td khung cirng khong the tien sat mep tang thai de do, k h d i l u o n g phai san gat tir 70+75%, chi phia gat bai thai ldn hon so v d i cac m d dat da thai nd m i n T u y e n d u d n g van tai tren bai thai phai gia cd bang dat cap phoi
6 N h u n g d i n h h u d n g cho t h o t h o i g i a n t d i
Tir dac d i e m dieu kien tir nhien, dia chat cua m d va n h u n g ket qua t h i cdng thir nghiem trong t h d i gian qua, de khai thac m d sat Thach K h e an toan, dat hieu qua k i n h te va bao ve m d i trudng cung n h u phong tranh nhirng sir cd t i e m an n d i tren cd xay ra, trong t h o i gian t d i can thiet ap dung nhung giai phap sau day:
a De phong mat dien l u d i (do sir cd k y thuat, m u a bao ) bang each trang b i td may phat chay diezen cd cdng suat t d i thieu bang tong cdng suat ciia tat ca cac gieng khoan ha thap muc nude va cac tram b o m thoat nude d day m o (khoang 1 0 0 + 1 5 0 n g k V A )
b Sir dung he thdng khai thac cd day m d 2 cap ket hop v d i dao sau tang m d i bang may xuc thuy lire gau nguoc de khong phai dua t h i l t b i (may xuc, dtd) xudng l a m viec d day m d luon lay l d i D a y m d thap phai duoc trang b i he thdng pha b o m cd cdng suat thoat nude khong nhd h o n 7 3 5 0 0 m3/ g i d (chua k i cac t r a m b o m trung gian tren b o m d )
c D o n g bd thiet b i : Cac tang phia d u d i va k h u v u c day m d sir dung cac t h i i t b i chay diezen cong suat p h i i hop, co dong, cd tdc do d i c h u y l n nhanh d l de thoat nan k h i gap sir
Trang 8Hpi nghi khoa hoc kT thudt mo qudc te - 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi su phat trien ben vung
co m u a bao, sat l a tang K h o n g sir dung cac thiet b i khai thac chay dien a day m d
+ Thiet b i khoan: ap dung phuong phap khoan xoay cau hoac dap xoay p h u hop v a i dieu kien D C T V phuc tap K h o a n dat da d u o n g k i n h d = 2 2 0 + 2 5 0 m m , khoan quang duong
k i n h d = 165mm
+ X u c boc va v a n chuyen dat da d cac tang dat yeu phia tren, chi nen diing cac loai may xiic cd dung t i c h gau 5+6,7m K h i khai thac x u d n g sau: X i i c dat da nd m i n d cac tang tren cao co the ap dung loai may xiic chay dien nham g i a m chi p h i san xuat
+ Thiet b i van tai dtd cd tai trong k h o n g qua 37+58 tan, u u tien loai xe cd chieu rong ldp xe l d n de g i a m ap l y c len nen d u d n g , tang dat yeu sir dung d td k h u n g ddng
V d i san l u o n g m d A q = 5+10 trieu tan quang/nam, dat bdc tir 13,5+20 trieu m3/ n a m , ddng bd thiet b i cd cdng suat n d i tren la hoan toan phii hop
d Cac tang dat yeu ap dung sa do xiic may xuc d u n g d m u c t r u n g gian xuc ca tren
va d u d i , chat tai len 6 t d d u d i mure may dung, nham g i a m k h d i l u o n g da rai d u d n g va khoi luong phai di chuyen
e Can dat cac d i e m quan trac thuy l o i d k h u v y c phia T a y k h a i t r u d n g , xac dinh chinh xac bien g i d i v u n g can kiet nude do anh h u d n g cua thao k h d m d de cd bien phap hoan tra nude cho cac canh ddng lua va hoa mau
f Phai tien hanh x i r l y nude thai tir m d trudc k h i hoa mang thuy van k h u v y c (ke ca thai true tiep ra bien) D d i t u o n g xir l y chii yeu can l o l u n g , o x y t sat va axit
h Can khao sat bd sung, danh gia cac hang kasto ciia tang da hda va da sung d khu
D o n g Bac m d sat gan v d i bien, nham d y bao v u n g phan bd v a quy m d cua cac hang hoc Tren co sd dd de ra cac giai phap phong chdng nguy co buc nude k h i khai thac x u d n g sau
i Xay dung he thdng ld khoan quan trac ddng thai nude ngam chay vao md, nham danh gia chinh xac luu luong nude ngam chay vao md D y a vao cac sd lieu quan tnic thuy van se xay dyng phuong an thao khd day m d hop ly, clam bao khai thac an toan va hieu qua m d sat Thach Khe
77dm lai: K h o a n g sang sat Thach K h e la m o t ngudn tai n g u y e n d d i dao, cd the dap
irng nhu cau nguyen lieu phuc v u cho cdng nghiep gang thep ciia dat nude trong nhieu nam T u y nhien, day la m o t k h u v y c cd dieu k i e n t y nhien phiic tap, t h d i tiet k h i hau x i u , khoang sang nam sat bien, quang phan bd sau d u d i m y c nude bien, cd l d p d i t phii mem yeu, nhieu nude n g a m , do vay t i e m an nhieu sy cd r u i ro k h i t i e n hanh khai thac chiing Viec nghien cuu, danh gia chi tiet cac van de tren nham t i m ra nhirng giai phap hiru hieu de ngan chan, han che va khac phuc t d i da nhung sy cd t i e m an n d i tren la n d i dung quan trong, lien quan den trach nhiem ciia cac nha khoa hoc, quan l y va n h u n g n g u d i true tiep quan ly va van hanh d y an
Tdi lieu tham khdo
1 D y an dau t u khai thac va tuyen quang sat m d T h a c h K h e - H a T i n h V i e n Giproruda, 2007
2 L u u V a n T h y c va nnk, Bao cao tdng ket "Theo d d i , danh gia p h u o n g an thir nghiem cdng nghe t h i cdng tren nen cat va set m d quang sat Thach K h e - H a T i n h giai doan 1" V i e n K h o a hoc C d n g nghe M d - T K V , 2009
3 H d Sy Giao " M o t sd y kien ve D y an dau t u khai thac m d quang sat Thach Khe do
V i e n Giproruda xay d y n g T h d n g t i n K h o a hoc Cdng nghe m d , sd 9+10/2007