TCNCYH Phu tnnyng 79 (2) 2012 FK, Tetteh A (2006) Evaluation of vitamin A tinutrient Fortified Beverage Enhances the supplementation regimens in Ghanaian post Nutritional Status of Children in Botswan[.]
Trang 1FK, Tetteh A (2006) Evaluation of vitamin A tinutrient-Fortified Beverage Enhances the supplementation regimens in Ghanaian post- Nutritional Status of Children in Botswana J partum mothers with the use of the modified- Nutr 133: 1 8 3 4 - 1840
relative - dose - response test Am J Clin g ^^^ ^ ^ ^ „ ^ „ g ,2005, g ^ ^png b|t
Nutr; 84: 1344 -1349 ^ ^ ^ ^^^^ lu^ng-vi chit phdng chlng thilu vi
8 Abrams SA., Mushi A, Hilmers D C , Grif- ehlt dinh du&ng ir tre em 5-8 thang tuli Lu|n
fin IJ., Davila P, and Allen L (2003) A IVIul- vSn Tiln sJ Dinh dudng cdng ding 75-104
Summary MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENT FORTIFIED BISCUITS IMPROVED THE VITAMIN A
A N D ZINC STATUS OF SCHOOL CHILDREN IN R U R A L VIETNAM
Concun'ent mieronutrient deficiencies are prevalent among Vietnamese school children A school-based program providing food fortified with multiple micronutrients could be g cost-effective gnd sustainable strategy to improve health and fgnetions of school children However, the efficacy of sgch an intervention may be compromised by a high prevalence of parasitic in-festation The study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of school-based intervention gsing mglti-microngtrient fortified biscgits (MMF) with or without deworming on vitamin A and zinc sta-tgs in rgral Vietngmese schoolchildren The resglts showed that before the inten/ention, defi-ciencies of vitamin A and zinc were signif cant public health concerns MMF significantly im-proved the concentrgtions of plasma zinc and plasma retinol in rural school children Fortifica-tion significantly reduced the risk of deficiency of zinc by 48% and decreased the prevalence of inadequate vitamin A liver stores by 35% In conclusion, multi-micronutrient fortified snack foods distributed in a school feeding program offer an excellent opportunity to supply micronutrients needed for school children at risk for mieronutrient deficiencies
Key words: mieronutrient deficiency, multi-micronutrient fortified biscuits
A N H HU-dNG 6 N H I I M A S E N , THOY N G A N , C A D I M I , C H I VA NIKEN TRONG MOI TRUaNG NUOI OiN THUC PHAM THUt SAN
TA116 A O H O HANOI
Trjnh Bio Ngpc', Phpm Duy Tuvng', Tran Thj Thoa', Nguyen Uaf
'Truirng Bpi hpc Y Hi Nil; 'Viin Dinh duung Quic gia
Nghiin cUu nhim dinh gli mire dp inh hudng 0 nhiim As, Hg Cd, Pb & Nl trong mdi tnrimg nuH din chit luang thpc phim Ihuf sin tpi 16 ao hi Hi Nii Kit qui cho thiy 100% miu nude, miu bin cin vi thiy sin bi nhiim ci 5 kim loai duac nghiin eUu vdi mOe dp nhiim khic nhau Uy theo ao nilH, mOa vp, ting nude thiiy sin sinh sing vi loai thiy sin Him lupng trung binh cOa As & Hg tmng nude vi trong thiy sin cd mil tuang quan chit chi vdi nhau theo ao nudi dii vdi nhOng thOy sin sing d
Trang 2mrpc mil vi ling nude giO'a Ket iuin: Mire do nhiim vi As, Hg, Cd Ni trong mdi trudng nudi (nude, btin
!^) ci inh huing rd ring tOi mire dd nhilm eic kim iopi niy trong thiy sin vdi p<0,05 hoic p < 0,001
Tir khda: 6 nhllm kim loai nang As, tig, Cd, Pb, Nl, nu'^c, bun, thiiy san
LBiSiTVANOe
tl nhiem moi trud'ng hi$n dang la mgt
vln d l tgan c l u , su' biing n i dSn s l ciing
vdi tic d | d i thj hga, eong nghi0p hoa
nhanh chdng da tgo rg m i t sire 6p 16'n tgi
moi truing s i n g ggy i nhilm m i i t r u i n g
mpt each t r i m trgng
D|c biSt la i nhilm v l cgc kim logi ngng
nhu' As, Hg, Cd, Pb & Ni tir nguin n u i e thai
cua cac cae nha may cing nghiip (nha may
son, nha mgy mg kim, nha may pin ) khing
dirge xii' iy ma thai trijc t i l p ra m i i trudng la
nhirng mli nguy gay 6 nhiim cho eae loai
thuy san dugc nuii trong m i i trudng do, tir
do qua day truyin thue pham de dga nghiem
trpng din sire khce cua ccn nguo'i
Ha Npi la mit thanh p h i tgp trung nhilu
nha may, khu cing nghiep Tir nhilu nam
nay, finh trang i nhilm hg thing sing, ho
trong khu vgc ngi thanh Ha Ngi, dac biSt la 6
nhilm kim logi ngng da duge bag ehi va eae
CO quan quan ly quan tam Tuy nhien, hign
nay eae sing h i a n i l thanh Ha Ngi d l u bi i
nhilm trim trgng, hign khing c i n kha nang
tir lam sgch Dgc biet la song T i Ljch va
song Nhue la hai egn sing thgat nugc thai
chinh dong thgi eung la hai con song cung
cap nguin nugc chinh eho eae ao ho nuii
trlng thuy san tgi qugn Hogng Mgi va huyen
Thanh Tri - noi c i dign tieh va san lugng
thuy san Ign nhat cua Ha N i l
Cho d i n nay cac nghiSn ciru v l mire dg
ntiilm kim Iggi nang tai cae ao h i cua Ha Nii
va anh hud'ng cOa n i d i n chat lugng thg'c
, phim thuy san nhu t h i nag c i n it cae nghiSn
>js»u d l egp tdi Nghien ciru nay dugc t i l n
ranh nham muc tieu:
Binh gii mire di nhiem vi 4 kim loai As,
Hg, Cd, Pb & Ni trong mil truung nuii vi inh huang cua no len chat lupng thuy sin lai 16
ao ho nuii thuy sin trin dia ban thanh phi
Ha Nii
Tir do dua ra nhirng kiln nghj va gial phap g i p phln cai thien chat lugng nude thai va ehlt lugng nuii trlng thiiy san tgi
Ha Npi
II D ( i l TU'ONG VA PHU'ONG PHAP
1 D6i tu'gng va dia diem nghien cii'u: Nude, biin egn vg cgc loai thiiy san duge nuii tgi 16 go/hi thuic phugng Hoang Liet,
quan Hoang Mai; xa Dgi Ang va xi Ti Thanh
Oai, huyen Thanh Tri va mgt so h i khae nhu
h i Tay h i True Bach, ho Yen Sg, Ha Nil
2 Phu'gng phap nghien ci>u Sir dgng phugng phap lay m l u nugc, bijn egn vg thuy san d l xac dinh ham lugng 4 kim logi ngng c i nguy co i nhilm cao la As, Hg,
Cd, Pb & Ni
2.1 Cach chpn & lay miu
- Mau xet nghidm n u i c , biin va thiiy sen
se dugc lly vao hai miia: mua mua (tir thang
6 d i n thang 8) va miia kho (tir thang 12 d i n thang 2)
- Mau xet nghiem nugc, bim: tgi mli gg/hl lly m l u g 3 dilm khac nhgu dilm gin nguin nugc thgi, giu'g h i va cgnh h i
- M l u thgy sgn: lly t i t eg cac loai thgy san duge nuoi p h i biln tgi cac ao/hi eiia cae xa/ phudng va cac h i tg' nhiSn cga Ha Nil
- Lly m l u va xir IJ m l u nude/ biin, thuy san theo tiSu chuin TCVN 5993 -1995 [1] va TCVN5994-1995[21
Trang 32.2 Cac ch! so va phuung phip nghiin
ciru
Cac chl s i danh gia mire dO nhilm v l 4
kim logi ngng g i m : As, Hg, Cd, Pb & Ni
Phugng phap phSn tich: Ham lugng cac
kim Icgi n^ng dugc xir ly m l u va phSn tich
dinh lugng trSn may AAnalyst 30 (eua hSng
Perkin Elmer - MT) theo phuong phap quang
p h i h i p thg nguySn tCr nggn ICrg va khing
nggn lira hoac phugng phap hoa hgi Ignh tuy
tirng Iggi kim logi theo tiSu chuin cua hiip
hii m i i trudng My
2.3 Tiiu chuan dinh gii i nhiim nude,
bun va thuy sin tuui sing
Bang 1 Ham lu'gng As, Hg, Cd,
- Quy djnh gio'i hgn toi da i nhiem sinh hgc va hoa hgc trong thg'c phim" - Quyit djnh s i 46/2007/Qe-BTY ngay 19 thang 12
n i m 2007 [3]
TCVN 6774 - 2000 d l i vii ehlt lugng
nud'c nggt bao vg' ddi sing thiiy sinh [4]
3 Xir t) s l liiu: sir dgng phln mim Excel va
SPSS 13.0 trong sir ly va phin tieh s l Iigu
III. K£T QUA
Ting cing 97 m l u nugc 89 m l u biin e|n
va 239 m l u thgy san l l y duge tir 1 ao h i hi$n dang ngdi tring thuy san tgi Hg Nil vao
2 miig, miig mua (thang 8, 9) va miia khi (thang 1, 2), da dugc phgn tich cho kit qua nhu sgu:
Pb & Nl trong cgc logi thuy san
Bon vi tinh: mg/kg
Loai ca
c a chim t r l n g
Ca chep
c a d l l c
Ca Trdi
Rophi
c a m e
C a t r i m
TPm
Ech
Luon, trgch, trfi
Trai.Cc
Cua
TCCP
n
10
30
20
48
45
24
20
6
3
20
8
5
A s TVi [TN-CN]
0,06 [0,0 - 0,14) 0,12 [0,01-0,51]
0,11 [ 0 , 0 2 - 0 , 6 3 ] 0,10 [0,01-0,55]
0,09 [0 - 0,56]
0,07 [0,02 - 0,68]
0,10 [0,01-0,58]
0,21 [ 0 , 0 6 - 0 , 2 6 ] 0,07(0,01 -0,10]
0,08(0,01 -0,61]
0,31 [ 0 , 0 3 - 0 , 5 1 ] 0,21 [ 0 , 1 6 - 0 , 4 0 ]
< 2,00"
Hg TVi [TN-CN]
0,03 [0,02 - 0,06]
0,02 [0,0 - 0,1]
0,02 [0,01-0,11]
0,02(0,01-0,11]
0,02(0,01-0,10]
0,02 [0,01- 0,05]
0,02 [0,01-0,06]
0,02 [0,01-0,05]
0,06 [0,04 - 0,07]
0,02(0,01-0,12]
0,01 [0,003 -0,04]
0,02(0,01-0,03]
< 0,05"
Pb TVi [TN-CN]
0,07 [0,04 0,15 [ 0 , 0 4 0,25 [0,06 0,26 [0,04 0,20 [0,04
0 , 1 8 ( 0 , 0 3 0,20 [0.06 -0,29 [0.08 • 0,06 [0,03 0.22 [0,03 1,12(0.1 -2,79 [0,69
< 0 , 2 '
0,56]
1.17]
2.94]
0,74]
1,68]
0,87]
0,58) 1,87]
0,17]
•3,17]
1,78]
- 8,79]
Ni TVi [TN-CN] 0,12 [0,06-0,14] 0.09 [0,07-0,28] 0,12 [0,05-0,62] 0,20 [0,06-0,65] 0,16 [0,04-0,64] 0,16 [0,07-0,76] 0.16 [0,05-0,5] 0,12 [0,06-0,42] 0,41 [0,1-1,31] 0,19(0,04-1,74] 0,27(0,09-1,061
0 , 8 2 ( 0 - 6 , 9 4 ]
< 0,01°
'Quyet djnh si 46/20077QB -BYTngiy 19 thing 12 nam 2007
"TCCP cua \A/HO doi viri cic nuuc dang phat then
Trai, i e , t i m , cua bi o nhilm eao hgn so vol cac logi ea v l As, Pb, Ni Ca chim la logi co mire
dp 0 nhilm it nhat ve cac kim loai nang nhu As, Cd, Pb trong s i eae logi eg , ii
Trang 4\.y ^ t'' o^^ <-^ i C ,o^ '.'• s -• ,-• <-'
Bilu da 1 Ty lp % m l u thtiy san dat TCCP v l Pb theo loai thiiy san
Trong eae loai thuy san nuii tai cac ao h i a Ha Noi, Ich va ca chim la 2 loai c i ti IS % so
mlu dgt TCCP v l Pb eao hgn (90% va 100%), sau do den ca chep, ea ro phi va ea me (50 -63,6%) cac loai trai, oe, eua Ig nhu'ng logi thiiy san sing g ting nude day la c i mire dp 6 nhilm v l Pb eao nhlt.)
Bang 2 Mu'C do nhilm v l As, Cd, Ni & Pb trong thuy san theo ting nurirc
Don vi linh: mg/kg
Ting mat
Ting giira
Ting day
i P*
Sd
m l u
101
104
35
As
TVI [TN-CN]
0,08 [0-0,58]
0,11 [0,01-0,63]
0,11 [0,01-0,62]
>0,05
Cd TVi [TN-CN]
0,003 [0-0,03]
0,01 [0-0,08]
0,01 [0-0,25]
< 0,001
Nl
TVi [TN-CN]
0,15(0,05-0,50]
0,16(0,04-1,31]
0,20 [0-6,94]
< 0,001
Pb
TVi [TN-CN] 0,16(0,03-1,68] 0,21 [0,03-2,94] 0,40 [0,03-8,79]
< 0,001
'Kniskai-wallis test
Kit qua bang 2 eho t h i y mire dg i nhilm v l Cd, Ni va Pb trgng thuy san sing a ting nugc day dlu cag hgn han so vol thuy san sing a tang nugc mgt va tang nude giu'a mit each co y
nghTa vgi p < 0,001
Kit qua bing 3 chi thay:
- V l miia mua mire dg 6 nhiem Cr va Pb giam han so vd'i miia k h i g ca nude, biin va thiiy
san Su khac biet giO'a hai miia cd y nghTa thong kS vgi p < 0,05 hgge p < 0,001
- Muc d i nhiem As chi cc si/ khdc biSt giu'a 2 miia a nugc va thuy san, mire d i o nhilm vS
itiiia mua cao hgn h i n so vd'i miig k h i vgi p < 0,001
*
- B l l vd'i mu'C dp nhilm Ni, chi thiy co su khdc bl$t giirg 2 miig a biin vg thuy sgn Su khac
Trang 5Bang 3 Ham l y g n g kim Iggi nang tr
Oja d i l m
As:
- Miia mua
- Miia k h i
P*
Cr:
- Miia mua
- Miia k h i
P*
Ni:
- Miia mua
- Miia k h i
P'
Pb:
- Miia mua
- Miia k h i
P*
Thuy san (mg/kg)
n, = 239 TV| [TN- CN]
0,06(0,0-0,61]
0,13(0,01-0,62]
< 0,001
0,12(0,01-1,66]
0,23 [0,02-5,44]
< 0,001
0.10 [0,04-0,82]
0,19(0-6,94]
< 0,001
0,08(0,03-1,79]
0,25 [0,03-8,79]
< 0,001
'Mann-Whitney test
Bang 4 Mdi lu'ang quan giira ham lu'gng
tlieo ac
Kim logi nang
Asen
Thuy ngan
T i n g nirdrc
Chung Tang mgt Ting giirg
Ting day
Chung
T i n g mgt
T i n g giOg Tang day
ong thiJy san & moi t r y o
Nu'd'c (mcg/L) n2 = 100 TVi [TN- CN]
5,1 [ 2 , 9 - 7 , 5 ] 7,1 [1,6-8,5]
< 0,001
2,4(0,3-20,4]
21,6(7,5-85.6]
< 0,001
8,7(3,3-22,7) 8,9(1,0-40,9]
>0,05
7,8(2,2-78,9)10,3 [3,4-22,5]
<0,05
trung binh As, Hg trong
1 nudi (n = 16)
He sd tiromg q
t u y i n tinh (i 0.51 0,62 0,49 0,08 0,49 0,44 0,45 0,38
'ng nuoi theo miia
Biin (mg/kg) n3 = 89 TVj [TN- CN]
12,3(4,0-23,2] 17,1 [1,3-30,1]
>0,05
89,2 [18,5-108,9) 187,9 [103,8-245,3]
< 0,001
50,3(21,4-89,9] 65,3 [39,4-123,4]
< 0,001
40,4(15,0-98,6) 38,6(23,2-116,0]
<0,05
n u v c va trong thuy san
uan
<0,05
<0,01
<0,01
>0,05
<0,05
<0,01
<0,01
>0,05
* H$ so tuxyng quan Spearman giua 2 bien djnh iux?ng khdng phan bo chuan
Ham lu-gng trung binh As va Hg trong nu-o-c va trong thuy san c6 m6i tu-cng quan chat che d6i vd'i cac loai thuy san s6ng 6- tang nt-o'c mSt va t^ng nu-ac giOa, con CT tang nu-o-c day thi chu-a CO m6i tu-o-ng quan
Trang 6IV BAN LUAN
Ket qua nghien cu-u cho thliy 100% cac
mlu deu bj nhi§m tilt ca cac kim loai nang
du-oc nghien cO-u vo-i mu-c dp nhilm khac
nhau tu9 theo loai kim logi, logi thuy san
(bang 1), ting nuo-c sinh song (bang 2) va
mua vu (bang 3) Muc dg 6 nhilm trong bun
can cao ho-n so vo-i nu-o-c v^ cac kim loai As,
Ni & Pb Nhung vdi Hg & Cd thi nu-ac lai co
mu'C do 6 nhilm cao ho-n, mu-c dp 6 nhiim
v4 cac kim loai ngng trong thuy san la thap
han so vo-i nu-o-c va biin cgn (bang 3)
- Ve As: Mu-c dp nhilm As tu-o-ng d6i dong
a4u Trong cac loai thuy san song 6- tang nuo-c
day, trai 6c la co mu-c do nhilm As cao nhlt
(0,31mg/kg}, sau do la tom cua (0,21 mg/kg)
Ham lu-gng trung binh As trong nu-6c va trong
thuy san co m6i tu-o-ng quan chat che v6i r =
0,51; p < 0,05 Kn\ danh gia moi tu-o-ng quan
nay theo tang nu-6-c con cho thay ham Iup-ng
As a ca song 6- t§ng nu-6-c mat va tang nu-ac
giu-a CO moi tu-o-ng quan rlt chat che vai ham
luwig As trong moi tnro-ng nu-o-c v6-i ri = 0,62;
Pi < 0,001 va T2 = 0,49; pz = 0,005
- vi Hg: Cung gi6ng nhu- As, ham lu-p-ng
tnjr>g binh Hg trong nu-o-c va trong thuy san co
moi tmang quan chat che vo-i r = 0,49; p < 0,05
Khi xac i^nh mdi tu-o-ng quan gii>a ham lup'ng
Hg trong nu-6-c va thuy san theo ting nu-o-c cho
kit qua tu-o-ng ty, ham lup'ng trung binh Hg
trang ca song 6- ting nuac mat va tang nu-ac
giu-a CO moi tu-o-ng quan chat che vo-i ham
iLTOng Hg trong moi tnj-o-ng nu-ac vo-i ri = 0,44;
Pi < 0,01 va r2 = 0,45; p? = 0,01, con 6- ting
nuuc day thi khong co moi tu-ang quan
- Ve Cd: Trong cac loai thuy san torn la
loai bj nhilm Cd cao nhlt (0,6mg/kg), ca
chim trang va ech la 2 loai bj nhiim Cd thap
•.nhlt (0,001 - 0,002 mg/kg), con cac loai khac
CO mu-c dO nhiim 6- mu-c trung binh
(0,01-te2 mg/kg)
- Ve Pb: Trong cac logi thuy san, cac loai
song 6- bun nhu cua la loai bj nhilm Pb ngng nhlt (2,79 mg/kg), sau do d i n trai 6c (1,12 mg/kg), Cac logi ca s6ng 6- ting nuac mat va tang nu-ac giua co mu-c dp nhiim thap han nhieu (0,15 - 0,29 mg/kg), thap nhlt la ca chim trang va Ich (0,06 - 0,07 mg/kg) Cac loai trai, 6c, cua c6 mi>c dp 6 nhiim cao nhlt, chl CO 25% m l u trai, 6c (2/8 miu) dat du-o-c TCCP v l kim loai nay va khong co mlu cua nao dgt tieu chuin
Ve Ni Trong TCCP cua Bo Y te cung
nhu trong TCVN chua co qui djnh v l ham luo'ng cho phep Ni trong thuy san tu-ai sing Nlu so sanh danh gia vai TCCP cua WHO (tieu chuin danh cho cac nu-ac dang phat triln) v i kim loai nay 6- thuy san tuai song vai muc dich tham khao, thi day la kim loai
CO mu-c do nhilm cao nhlt Mu-c dp nhiem ve
Ni trong cac loai thuy san a t i t ca cac ao ho
d l u vuol tieu chuin trung binh tir 10 din 30 lln Ca biet co nhu-ng m l u thuy san vu-pt TCCP tai g i n 690 lan Cho du day la kim loai khong co trong TCCP cua Viet Nam nhu-ng vo-i nhung m l i nguy ca gay nhiim dpc d i n cac ca quan nhu- gan, than, ho hip da du-p-c nhiiu nghien cuu d i cap d i n thi Bp Y t i cung c i n phai quan tam de du-a ra tieu chuin giai han cua cac kim loai nay trong thu-c phim vai muc dich cuoi cung la an toan su-c khoe cho ngu-ai tieu dung
Phan tich mu-c dp 6 nhilm v l kim loai ngng trong cac loai thuy san theo tang nu-o-c
va theo mua cho thiy co su- khac biet ro rang vai p < 0,05 hoac p < 0,001 v l ham lu-p-ng kim logi ngng trong thuy san song 6- ting nuo-c day vao ca mua mu-a l i n mua kho a hau hit cac kim log! ngng so vo-i thuy san sing 6 ting nuo-c mat va ting nuac giu-a Rieng Hg co ham lu-p-ng gan nhu nhau trong thuy san 6- t i t ca cac tang nu-o-c vao ca mua mua lln mua kho
Trang 7Kit qua trong nghien cCru cua chung toi
cung tu-o-ng ty- nhu- nghien cO-u cua Vu Quyit
Thing v^ c6ng sy- 6- thyc phim ca tu-ai khu
vyc Ojnh C6ng, D i m Vyc v l hdm lu'p-ng As,
Hg trong thjt ca tu-ai, nhung Igi cao ho-n 2
din 3 lln v l hdm lu-p-ng Pb [5] C^ vd cdc
lodi thuy sinh v$t s6ng tgi cdc ao h i bj 6
nhiim cdc kim logi n^ng c6 thi se bj chit
hdng logt, mOt s6 chit c6n c6 kha ndng tich
luy trong cd vd khi con ngyb-i dn cd thi cdc
chit ndy co thi xdm nhgp vdo ca thi vd gdy
nguy hilm din si>c khoe
Khi so sdnh mu-c dp nhilm cua cdc kim
logi n^ng trong thuy san 6- nghidn CCPU cua
chung tdi vai kit qua cua cdc nghidn cyy
khac tren thi gid-i dlu cho thiy, myc dp
nhilm ho0c tu-ang du-ang ho$c cap ho-n mpt
chut v l cdc kim logi As, Hg va Cd Nhu-ng v l
mu-c dp nhilm Pb trong thuy san d- Ha Ndi lai
cao han hdng chyc lln so vd-i cac nghien cu-u
d- cac nyd'c khdc tren the gid-i Thgm chi khi
so sanh vd-i hdm lu-p-ng Pb trong thuy san d'
cac song bj ddnh gid la d nhiem ndng nhu
sdng Nitra d- Slovenia [6], sdng Saricay d' Tho
NhT Ki [10] thi ham lu-p-ng Pb trong mpt so
mlu thuy san d Ha Npi vdn cao han tiF 10
-15 lln Ddy Id vln d l rlt ddng du-p-c quan tam
vi Pb da du-p-c bilt din Id mpt kim Ipgi ngng
cd dpc tinh rlt cao, cd khd nang tich IQy trong
md ca the ngu-d-i vd gay ngp dpc d p tinh
cung nhu- mgn tinh [10]
Nhieu tdc gia da nghien cii-u v l sy tich luy
sinh hoc a cac lodi sinh vgt sing dud-i nu-d-c
nhilu nam nhu Teodorovic va Abdullah, da
dya ra y tyang la cd the su- dyng chf so v l
hdm lu-p-ng cac kim logi ngng trong thuy san
va cac loai sinh vgt sing dyai nud-c de ddnh
gia d nhilm mdi tryd-ng sinh thai nyo-c Ho
cdn cho rang day la nhu-ng chi s l dang tin
cay han ca cac chi s6 phan tich ham lu-p-ng
cdc KLN ndy trong nu-d-c vd trim tich do thuy
san sinh s6ng trong nu-ac vd tich luy cdc chit
gdy d nhiim theo thd-i gian [7, 9]- Vi$c sy dyng chf s6 v l hdm lu-p-ng kim Ipgi ngng trong sinh vgt sing du-d-i nyd-c da du-p-c sy dyng
d l ddnh gid chit lu'p'ng nu-d-c dlu vao d' cdc
sdng & My vd Chay Au Tuy nhifen, phdi
su-dyng cdc phuang phap tilp c^n khdc nhau
d l chpn ra du-p-c nhdm cd thich hp'p nhlt d l ddnh gid, bd-i vi su- hip thy vd tich IQy kim logi n$ng trong cd cdn phy thudc vdo nhilu ylu t l khdc nhau nhu nhi$t dp mdi try&ng sing, sinh li, kich thyd-c cua con cd, chl dp nudi du-6-ng [8]
V K^T LUAN
- Nu-d'c, bun can, thuy sdn d- tit cd cdc ao
h i nudi trlng thuy san tgi Ha N$i dlu bj nhilm
As, Hg, Cd, Ni & Pb vd-i cdc mti-c dp khdc
nhau Cdc loai thuy san song a ting nu-oc ddy
CO muc do nhiem Cd Ni va Pb cao han hdn so
vol cac loai song a 2 ting nuac tren Trong
cac kim loai nang co tieu chuan cho phep cua
Bo Y te Viet nam, Pb la kim toai nang co muc
do nhiem cao ho'n ca Ve miia mua mu-c dd 6 nhiem trong nu'd'c va bun can thap han so voi mua kho thi muc do 6 nhiim trong thuy san cOng giam han so voi miia kho
- Ham luo'ng trung binh cua cac kim loai
As Hg trong nud'c va trong thuy san theo ao/ h6 CO moi tuong quan chat che vd'i nhau vdi r (As) = 0,51, p < 0,05, r (Hg) = 0,49, p < 0,05 Oac biet la thuy san song 6- tang nude mat
va ting nu'oc giQ'a cd moi tuo'ng quan chat che vol p = 0,01 va p ^ 0,001
KHUYEN NGHj
Nguon nu'O'c tai cac con song nuac thai trudc mat v i n la ngudn cung cap nude chinh cho nudi trong thuy san tai Ha Noi Vi vay cac
ca quan chu-c nang can nghien cuu d l khuyin cao cho cdng ddng ap dung giai phap can thiep ngan han xu- ly nguon nud'c tai chd truac khi bam vao cac ao hd
250
Trang 8Tuyen truyin cho ngu-d'i tieu dung, dac
bi?t la cac ba m? dang nudi con nhd nen han
chl sO- dyng cac loai thuy san sdng d- tdng
d^y nhu cua, 6c, trai, hen lu-an, trach vao
miia khd
Cin cd nhu-ng nghien cu-u sau han ve
nhu-ng tac dpng, anh hud-ng tryc tilp tCi- cdc
ngudn nu-d-c thai cua cac nha may cdng
nghiep tdi mCpc dp nhilm kim loai nang trong
mdi tnj-dng nudi, cung nhu- thuy san duac
nudi tu nhi>ng nguin nu-d-c nay, de cd duo'c
nhiJ-ng blng chu-ng cu t h i , thuyit thyc han
cho cac ca quan chu-c nang, cac nhd quan li
v l mdi tru'dng cung nhu- nudi thuy san
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1 TCVN 5993 -1995 Lay mlu va su- ly mdu
2 TCVN 5994 -1995.1_ly mlu vd su ly mlu
3 Quy djnh gio'i han tdi da 6 n h i l m
sinh hoc va hda hoc trong thu-c phdm
Quyit ^nh sd 46/2007/QD-BYT ngay 19
thang 12 nam 2007
4 TCVN 6774 - 2000 ddi vai chit lu-ang
nu-d-c ngpt bao ve dd-i sing thuy sinh
5 Vu Quyit Thdng, Trinh Thi Thanh,
Nguyin Xuan Quynh, Dang Thi Sy (2000)
Mot vai dac dilm sinh thai hpc cua cdc ao,
(Jam nudi tha ca bang nu-d-c thai d- Thanh
Tri", Thdng bdo khoa hoc cac tru-ang dai hpc,
H i N d i
6 Andreji, J., Stranai, I., Massayi, P., & Valent, M (2006) Accumulations of some metals in muscles in five fish species from lower NItra River, Journal of Environmental Science and Health (Part A) (41), 2607-2622
7 Abdullah, M H (2008) Heavy metals
(Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn) In Meretrix meretrix roding, water and sediments from estuaries in Sabah, North Borneo, International Journal of Environmental & Science Education (2),
6 9 - 7 4
8 Censi, P., Spoto, S.E Saiano, F.,
Sprovieri, M., IVIazzola, S., Nardone, G., Di Geronimo, S.L, Punturo, R and Ottonello,
D (2006) Heavy metals in coastal water
sys-tem A case study from the north westem Gulf
of Thailand Chemosphere (64) 1167 - 1176
9 Teodorovic, N., Djukic, S., IVIaletin, B., Miljanovic & Jugovac N (2000) Metal pol-lution index: proposal for freshwater monitor-ing based on trace metal accumulation in fish" Tiscia (32), 55 - 60
10 WHO (2007), Preventing Disease
Through Healthy Environments Exposure To Mercury A Major Public Health Concern, Worid Health Organization, Geneva
Summary EFFECT OF A S E N , MERCURY, CADIMI, LEAD & NIKEN CONTAMiNATION OF FEEDING ENVIROMENT (WATER, SOIL) ON QUALITY OF FISHES
IN 16 HANOI FISHLAKES/FISHSPONDS
The study was to asess effect of As, Hg, Cd, Pb & Ni contamination of raising farm (water, soil) on quality of fishes in 16 Hanoi fishlakes/fishsponds The results show that 100% water, soil & fish samples have been contaminated with 5 above-mentione metals at different level of contamination, depending on places, seasons, water layers where fishes live and the type of fishes For fishes living in surface water layer and middle water layer there is closely correlation between concentration of As and Hg in water and in fishes In conclusion, heavy metal contami-nation level of feeding enviroment (water, soil) have significantly effect on quality of fishes with p
< 0,05 or p < 0,001
Keywords: heavy metal contamination, microbiological contamination, freshwater fish