Nghien cufu suf dung tro xi tir cac nlia may nhiet dien than cua Petrovietnam 0e san xuat vat lieu xay dung KS Tran Vinh Loc KS Pham Ngoc Kien Vifn Ddu khi Viit Nam Hien nay Tap dodn Ddu khi Qudc gia[.]
Trang 1Nghien cufu suf dung tro xi tir cac nlia may nhiet dien than cua Petrovietnam 0e san xuat
vat lieu xay dung
KS Tran Vinh Loc
KS Pham Ngoc Kien
Vifn Ddu khi Viit Nam
Hien nay Tap dodn Ddu khi Qudc gia Viit Nam (Petrovietnam) dang ddu Ui nhieu dgdn nhiet diin than Idn tren th&p cd nUdc nhit Thdi Binh 2, Vung Ang 1, Long Phd 1 Sdng Hdu 1, Qudng Trgch 1 Lugng tro vd xi than thdi ra tdcdc ihd mdy nhiit diin ndy lin tdi hdng triiu tdn/ndm Trong khi dd lugng tro xlcda cdc nhd mdy nhiit diin hiin nay dang logt dgng tgi Viet Nam dUgc thdi ra mdi trudng nhUmdt logi rdc thdi cdng nghiip md khdng cd biin phdp xdlf vd sd lung hiiu qud ngudn tdi nguyin ndy Cd nhiiu nguyen nhdn gdy ra sUiang phi tren nhU: do chdt lUgng tro kem, chUa
d edng nghi xd 1^ tro, y thdc bdo vi mdi trudng vd tiit kiim tdi nguyen chua cao, chua cd cdc chi tdi, chinh sdch liin 'uan Bdi viet ndy phdn tich cdc vdn de iiin quan din chdt lUgng tro xi cdc nhd mdy nhiit diin Vung Ang 1, Thdi Binh ', Long Phu 1; tinh hinh sif dung vd dng dung tro xi thdl hiin nay; cdng nghi xdly vd dixuat nhdng hUdng sddung tro
i eda cdc nhd mdy nhiet diin ndy
Trang 2Vile sddyng tro xi than t h i i ra t d cic nha m i y n h l | t
dien da ed t d hang tram n i m trude cdng nguyin (5
nhdng nude cd n l n cdng nghi|p t l l n t i l n , vile sd dyng
tro v i xl than t d cic n h i m i y n h l | t d i l n l i m v i t ll§u x i y
dung d i trd n l n phd b i l n t d nhdng n i m 70 cda t h i k;^
XX (Nhit Bin -1950, VUOng qufic Anh -1966, Nga -1971,
Phip -1977, Ddc - 1977, My - 1980, Trung Qudc - 1986,
Ba Lan -1977, H i Lan -1966 ) Tro xi than thai ra tdeae
nha may n h i l t d i l n khi ddt Id hoi cd t h i ehia lam hai lo^i:
tro day Id va tro bay vdi thanh p h i n hda hpe g i n nhu
tdpng t u vdi d i t sit Cd n h i l u lo?i cdng n g h i b l tdng
mdi m i n l u khdng ed tro xi than thi khdng t h i c h l t^o
dUPC, vf du nhu b l tdng d i m l i n , b l tdng t u lln [1
-12] Cd n h i l u nguyin n h i n d i n d i n vile tro t h i i ra t d c i c
nha m i y n h i l t dien khdng duoc sddyng mdt cich hdu
fch, trong dd nguyin n h i n chinh l i do ehit lUPng tro xi
t d cic n h i m i y n h i l t d i | n cda Viet Nam q u i k i m , t h i l u
cdng n g h l x d l ^ , kinh n g h i l m xdly va sddung, khdng cd
cac quy djnh p h i p l u i t nghiem khic ddi vdl r i c thai cdng
nghilp Do dd, c i n t h i l t p h i i nghien edu cic grii p h i p
xd ly, c h l b i l n , t i n thu tro xl n h i m d i p dng eac y l u c i u
c i p b i c h v l mdi trudng, eung nhu dem lai hieu q u i kinh
t l cho cic n h i m i y
2.537.736 t i n / n i m Ddi vdl cic n h i m i y n h i l t d i | n (Thii Binh 2, Vung Ang 1) sd dung than n g u y i n l i l u l i than c i m 5 antraxit v i vSn
h i n h d c h l dd dUdI tdi han, dng vdl mdi MW diln, cic nha m i y nhl^t d i l n t h i l ra blnh q u i n 915 t i n tro xi/nam Trong khi dd, N h i m i y N h l | t di^n Long Phu 1 sd dung than nguyin l i l u l i than bitum v i v^n h i n h d thdng s6
t r l n tdi h?n, dng vdi mdi MW d i | n , lUpng tro xl Nhi m^y
t h i i ra l i khoing 287 t i n tro x l / n i m [28] So vdi viec si? dyng than nguyin l l | u l i than bitum thi Idpng tro xi thai
ra t d cic n h i m i y sd dyng than c i m 5 antraxit cao hon
3 l i n vdl cdng mdt cdng suit p h i t d i | n D i l u niy di/oc
ly g i i i bdi h i m lupng m i t khi nung (MKN - Tdng lupng carbon ehua c h i y h i t v i dd i m ) eao trong tro xl thii cQa cic n h i m i y s d d u n g than nguyin l i l u l i than antraxit do than antraxit l i loai than cd h i m lupng carbon cao, dd tro cao, chit bde t h i p v) v i y m i k h i n i n g chiy ki|t cCia than b| han c h l [14-17]
2.2 Thdnh phdn tro xl thdi
Cd t h i chia t h i n h p h i n tro xl t h i i eua cae nhi may nhiet d i l n t h i n h hai p h i n : tro d i y Id v i tro bay Phin do
2 Tro x i td cac nha m i y nhilt dien cda
Petrovietnam
2.1 Lugng tro xi thdi ra
Cie nha may nhiet dien Thii Binh 2,
Vung Ang 1, Long Phu 1 eua Petrovietnam
d i u sd dung eong nghe 16 dot than phun,
tuy nhien than nguyen lieu v i c h l dp v i n
hanh edng nghe cua eie n h i m i y khic nhau
Nha m i y Nhiet dien Thii Binh 2 v i Vung Ang
1 duoc thiet k l sd dung than nguyin l i l u
la than c i m 5 antraxit cda vdng Hdn Gai
-Cam Pha va thdng sd van hanh dudi tdl han
(T = 541*^, P = 175 bar) Trong khi dd, Nha
m i y Nhiet dien Long Phu 1 duoc thiet ke sd
dung than nguyen l i l u l i than bitum dupc
d u kien nhap khau t d Indonesia hoae t d
Oc vdi thong sd van h i n h tren tdi han (T =
542°C, P = 254 bar), chinh vi vay ma lUpng tro
xi thai ra eung nhu tinh chat tro xl t h i i eua
cie n h i m i y nay la khic nhau [25,27,28]
Theo bao cao thiet k l cP sd cda eie nha
may nhiet d i l n Thai Binh 2, Vung Ang 1 v i
Bdng 1 Lugng tro xl thdt tdmdt s6 nhd mdy nhiit diin cua Petrovietnam
Nh a may nhiet dien
Thai Rinh 2
Vuncj Ang 1 Lonq Phu 1
Tong so
Cong suat (MW)
1.^00 1.200 1.200
3 6 0 0
Lucfng tro xi thii (tan/nam) 1.184.520 1,008.480 344.736 ^
2.537.736
Bang 2 Tylclrox
Nha may nhiet <
Th,ii Binh 2 ViiiKj Ang 1 Lonq i'hu 1
• f t o
ien
a moi id niui may nhie
Tro bay
8 1 % 84%
80%
dien cua PetFOvielnam
Tro day 16 19% 16% 20%
(a) Tro day Id
Hinh 1 Troxlthan dudi klnh hiin v
Trang 3day 16 ehd y l u dupe l i y ra t d bd phan t h i i xl d i y Id (Hinh
la).Tro bay la phan r i t mjn v i trdn nhSn (Hlnh 1 b) eda tro
xi than thu duoc sau Ipc bui tinh d i l n [23]
Thinh phan tro xi t h i i cic nha m i y n h i l t d i l n eda
Petrovietnam nhu Bing 2
2.3 Chdt lugng tro vd logi tro
Nhu phan tieh d t r l n , do than nguyen l i l u sd dung
trong cie nha m i y nhiet dien T h i i Binh 2 v i Vung Ang 1
l i than antraxit nen ehat lupng cda tro xi t h i i ra cda hai
nha may nay cd ham lupng MKN tuong ddi cao Trong khi
dd,troxIcda Nha may Nhiet d i l n Long Phd 1 chiy t r i l t d l
hPn, h i m lupng khoang eao v i cd h i m lupng MKN < 6%
[25-28]
Td k i t q u i tfnh t o i n v i Udc tinh tfnh chit tro xi cic
nha may nhiet dien eua Petrovietnam, ed the khing dinh
ring tro xi than t d cae nha may n h i l t d i l n do T i p d o i n
dau t u thude loai F theo t i l u chuin ASTM
[20,21] Cd nghTa l i tro xi cda cac n h i m i y
nay d i u cd the sddung de lam v i t l i l u xiy
dyng, tuy n h i l n tro xi cua cic nha may
nhilt dien Thii Blnh 2 va Vung Ang 1 can
phii xd ly de g i i m ham lupng MKN xudng
dudi 6% de eo t h i dam b i o sd dung lam
vat lieu xay dung
3 Tmh hinh suTdung tro xi va thj tri/dng
tifng dung tro xi nhiet dien
Hiln nay, t r l n 2,5 t r i l u t i n tro xi than
dupc t h i i ra t d cic nha may nhiet dien cda
Viet Nam hau h i t dupe trdn vdi nude v i
bom ra ngoai bai thai (Hinh 2) [23], ngoai
trd tro xi cua cic nha m i y nhiet dien Phi
Lai 1 & 2, Cao Ngan da dUpc dng dung
de sin x u i t tro bay va gach khdng nung
Cdn lai tro xi cda eac nha may nhiet dien
khic hau h i t chda cd phUPng an sd dung
cy the hay mdi chi nam d eac d u an chd
triln khai Van de n i y ngoai t i c ddng xau
d i n mdi trudng edn lang phi mdt nguon
t i l nguyin ldn
Trong khi dd, tro xi than n h i l t d i l n ed
t h i dupc dng dung nhieu trong cac linh
vyc b l tdng dam lan, xi m i n g , gach khdng
nung, lam dddng giao thdng Theo quy
hoach, tong nhu eau tro bay nhiet dien
nim 2010 Ude tinh v i o khoing 14,91
-15,31 t r i l u tan, tang len den 25,58 - 27,28 trieu tan nam
2015 v i dat mdc 36,19 - 40,91 tri^u tan n i m 2020
Nhu eau tro xi than n h i l t d i l n giai doan 2010 - 2020
r i t eao, trong khi dd Idpng tro bay ddpc sin xuat t d tro
xl cda nha may nhiet d i l n Pha Lai 1 & 2, Cao Ngan ehi dap dng mdt p h i n nhd cua thi trddng (khoang 500.000
t i n / n i m ) LUpng tro xi than t h i l u hut n i y h i l n nay dUpc sddung b i n g cac nguyin lieu thay t h i dang truyin thdng
n h u d i t sit, clinker
Qua tdng hpp nhu c i u tro xi vdi cic dng dung thdc
t l cho t h i y thj trudng dng dung tro xi l i m phu gia cho
xi m i n g v i sin xuit gach khdng nung l i hai thj trudng dng dyng t i l m n i n g n h i t ddi vdi tro xi nhilt dien trong giai doan 2010-2020.Thi trudng tro xi dng dung i i m vat
l i l u t r i i dudng cung dMc cho la thj trddng t i l m ning, tuy
nhiln d i l u n i y ein p h i i cd sy ho trp t d cic ehinh sich cda Chinh phu
Sdng 3 Thdnh phdn tro xi thdi tdmdt sd nhd mdy nhiit diin cua Petrovietnam
T h i n h p h a n
SiOj
r FeiOa
AliOa CaO MgO
T i O i Na^O KiO SOj MKN
Nhh may nhiet dien
Thai Binh 2 & V u n g Ang 1 Long Phu 1
58,4 - 60,7 4,8 - 7,2 26,1-28,1 0,4 - 0,7
0 , 8 - 1 , 2
0 , 6 9 - 0 , 7 0,1 - 0,4
2 , 6 - 4 , 3 0,3
1 1 5 - 3 5
62,23 5,89
24 0,9 1,43 0,53 0,3 - 0,4 1,03 1,2 4,8
Nguon: Bdo cdo dudn ddu tuNhd mdy nhiit difn Thdi Binh 2, Vung Ang 1, Long Phd 1
Hinh 2 Bdi thdi tro xl tgi cdc nhd mdy nhiit diin
Trang 4Bing 4 T6ng nhu cdu tro xl than nhiit diin glal dogn 2010 • 2020 (Irliu tdn/ndm)
Nhuc^utronhl^ttfi^n
B§ tdng el^m ISn
Xi mSng
Gach khdng nung
TrSi di/dng
Tdng nhu cdu
2010 0,4
12
1 2,51-2,91
~ 14,91-15,31
2015 1 0,44 1
18 7,14-8,34 i Chua c6 quy ho^ch
25,58-27,28
2020 0,22
22 13,97-18,69
36,19-40,91 Ngudn: PVPro tSng hap
Bdng 5 So sdnh tinh chdt tro xlcua 3 nhd mdy nhift dlfn cda Petrovietnam vdl tliu chudn tro bay Idm phu gia xl mdng
vd ggch khdng nung [16,17,20,21]
Thinh p h i n
iOj+AliOj + FejOj
SO,
D $ i m
MKN
Otfnv{
%
%
%
%
VQng Ang 1 &
Thii Blnh 2
1 89,3 - 96 [ 0,3 Dim bio
1 15-35
Long Phu 1 92,12 1,2
Ohm bao
4,8
LAm phM gia cho xl m i n g
>™ j
4,0 (max)
3 (max) I
6 (max) J
Sin xuit gach khfing nung
£70 5,0 (max)
3 (max)
6 (max)
4 So sanh tfnh c h i t t r o xl cic n h i
m i y nhiet d i l n cda Petrovietnam
vdi tieu c h u i n t r o bay lam phu gia
xi mang va gach khong nung
's-Theo ket q u i so sinh gida t i l u
chuan cua tro bay l i m phu gia eho xi
mang, sin xuat gach khdng nung va
Udc tfnh tinh chat tro xi cac n h i m i y
n h i l t dien eda Petrovietnam, nhdm
t i c g i i thay:
+ Nha may N h i l t d i l n Long
Phd 1: Cae t h i n h phan hda hoc, h i m
lupng MKN trong tro xl theo t h i l t
k l v i tinh t o i n deu dat y l u c i u t i l u
chuin tro bay lam phu gia xi mang
va t i l u c h u i n tro bay sin xuat gach
khong nung Vi viy, n h i l u k h i n i n g
tro xi than eda N h i m i y Nhilt d i | n
Long Phu 1 khong can qua xd ly ma
ed t h i i p dyng true tiep l i m phu gia xi m i n g v i s i n x u i t
gach khdng nung
+ Nha m i y Nhiet dien Vung Ang 1 fiiThii Binh 2: Tro
xi cda 2 nha m i y n i y d i u dat t i l u chuan tro bay l i m v i t
lieu x i y ddng, chi rilng eo ham lupng MKN trong tro xi
n i m trong khoing 15 - 35% Idn hon nhieu so vdi tieu
chuin y l u c i u la ham lUpng MKN s 6% Vi vay, de cd t h i
sd dyng tro xi cda 2 n h i may nhiet dien n i y lam v i t l i l u
xaydung can p h i i n g h i l n cdu de Ida ehpn cdng nghe phu
hpp nham g i i m ham luang MKN xuong dUdi 6%
Pfa«>(|Updcfe
I Ttck
\
TiA
1 B&cnta j
1
1
T k h«ta
I
Bfti ribs
Hinh 2 Cdc phucmg phdp xd ly carbon trong tm xl than
5 C6ng n g h i xii \y! t r o xi t h a n n h i f t di£n
T?i nhdng nude cd n l n cdng nghilp t i l n tiln, vilcap dung cdng n g h i thu hoi va c h l b i l n tro xi than nhilt dien
da duoc pho bien t d nhdng n i m 70 cda t h i ky tnidc, trong
dd edng n g h i chd y l u dUpc sd dung l i edng nghe xiJl]? tro bay bdi vi lupng tro bay trong cie Id dot than chiem tdi 80% t6ng lUpng tro cda than dot [1,7,11,12,13] Con
6 Viet Nam, cdng nghe xd 1^ tro xi than n h i l t dien mdi chi duoc i p dung ddi vdi tro xl than eua Nha m i y nhilt di^n Phi Lai 1 & 2 de sin xuat tro bay t d nam 2008 vdi cdng suit t h i l t k l 500.000 t i n / n i m
Trang 5Cong Thu d6ng hoa
carbon
Kinh
nghiem
thUdng
Sd iupng
sin phim
thu duoc
Bac tfnh
nguydn
MKN
Thuong mai hda
diu ti4n vao nam
2003,hi^nnayc6 5
nha miy dang hoat
dfing v a i dUan
chii yeu 6 My
MKN < 6%
100%
Khong thay doi
Bdng 6 So sdnh cdc cdng nghi xdl'y tro xi than nhiet dien
Tich ly tdm sang Tuy^n ndi
Phat triln va dng dyng each day 80 nam
Tdch tinh dien Dot carbon
Phat triln va dng dyng each day 70 nam
Thuong mai hda
diu xMn vko nam
1995,hi&nnay chi c6 duy nhit 1
'• dyantaiHaian
Thuong m?i hda
d&u Win vao nam
1994,hi$nnayc6
11 nha may dang ho?td$ng.ChUa dupc kilm chdng vdi tro xl than antraxit
Anh hudng [ Khong chat thai
moi trUdng nguy hai
cac cong | Brown University,
nghe bin BMT (Boral Material
quyen [ Technologies)
MKN<30%,c6 I ^ , th^ ldn hon i Khdng gidl h^n
j 50-90%
Giim 10-40%
; so vdi nguySn lieu ban diu Khong chat thii
I nguy hai Nirdc thii chda hda chat RockTron, 1 , MTU,S6ngBa I " " ^ ^ l " " * ,- ,- ,j~ Sturtevant Cao Cudng |
Khdng gidi han MKN < 25%
50 - 90% I 60 - 85%
Giim 15-50% so , vdi nguyen lieu 1,5 - 3,0%
ban dau Khdng chat thai Khdng chat thSi nguy hai j nguy hai
Thuong mai hda diu ti§n vao nam
1994, hi^n nay cd 3 nha may dang hoat ddng
6% < MKN
<40%
DOUS/CFU STi.TFS
Hiln t r l n t h i gidi cd 6 cdng nghe xd ly tro xl than nha
may nhiet d i l n da dupc thucmg mai hoa, p h i t trien va dng
dung vao viec xd ly tro xi n h i l t d i l n gom: cdng nghe thu
ddng hda carbon, t u y l n ndi, tach tinh d i l n , tach ly tam,
sing v i dot carbon [1 - 9,29]
So sinh cic cdng nghd xd ly tro xi than dupe tdng h c ^
nhud Bing 6
Qua b i n g so sich eie cdng nghe xd ly tro xl than nhiet
dien, vdi muc dich xd ly tro xi cua n h i m i y nhiet dien cd
him lupng MKN xuong dudi 6%, x l t t r l n cic yeu to ve kinh
nghilm thuong mai, k h i n i n g ap dung, yeu eau nguyin
lieu, d i e tinh sin pham co the t h i y cdng n g h i tuyen not
va cong n g h i dot carbon la hai cdng nghe cd kha n i n g
dng dyng cao n h i t de g i i m ham lupng MKN trong tro xi
eCia Nhi m i y n h i l t d i l n Vung Ang 1 & T h i i Binh 2 xuong
dudi 6% Cdng nghe tach tmh dien ed nhilu Uu diem tdt
nhung choa dupe ap dung vdi tro xl eda than antraxit, vi
vay can t h d n g h i l m trUdc khi dUa vao dng dung
6 Khuyen nghi hUdmg stir dung tro x i tif cac nha may
nhiet diln cAa Petrovietnam
Dya t r l n k i t q u i nghien cdu thi trUdng cie dng dung
tro xi nhiet d i l n , so sinh tinh chat tro xi cac nha may
nhilt d i l n cda Petrovietnam vdi t i l u chuan tro xi lam phy
gia cho xi mang, san xuat gach khdng nung va nghiln edu edng nghe xd ly tro xi than, nhdm t i e gia ed nhdng khuyin nghi sau:
+ Hudng sd dung tro xi cic n h i may nhiet dien cua Petrovietnam nen tap trung v i o vile sd dung tro xi iam phy gia cho xi mang va san xuat gach khdng nung; + Tro xi eua Nha may Nhiet dien Long Phu 1 cd the true tiep dUOc sd dung lam phu gia eho xi mang v i sin xuit gach khdng nung m i khdng c i n p h i i xdly giam ham lupng MKN Tuy nhien, can cd them nhdng nghien cdu chuyen sau va thd nghiem thuc te
+ De sd dyng d\igc tro xi cda N h i m i y Nhiet dien
Vung Ang 1 SThai Binh 2 can p h i i xd 1^ ham lupng MKN trong tro xi xuong dudi 6% va edng nghe cd the dupe ap dung la edng nghe tuyen ndi va cong nghe dot carbon Vile nghiln cdu cdng nghe xd ly va hudng sd dung tro
xi than cic n h i m i y nhilt d i l n se giup Petrovietnam djnh hudng trong vile t i n thu tro xi cua cae nha m i y nhilt dien, gdp p h i n giii quylt cic y l u cau ve mdi trucmg va dem lai hilu q u i kinh t l cho cac nha may nhiet d i l n trong tUPng lai Nhdm t i e gia ehan t h i n h e i m an Tap doan Dau khi Viet Nam, Vien Dau khi V i l t Nam da tao dieu k i l n eho ehung tdi thye hien n g h i l n edu nay
Trang 61 BCC Research Opportunities for coal based product
2010
2 K.M.Sellakumar and R.Conn Foster Wheeler
Development Corporation A comparison study of ACFB
and PCFB ash characteristics 1999
J R.E.Conn and K.Sellakumar Foster Wheeler
Development Corporation Livingston Utilization ofCFB fly
ash for construction applications 1999
4 James G Keppeler, Vice President Progress Materials,
Inc Carbon Burn-Out, commercialization and experience
update 2009
5 A Vasiliauskas, ProAsh LLC, Cloverdale, Virginia, M
Shilling, Carolina Povt/er and Light, Raleigh, North Carolina
CS Willauer, Separation Technologies Inc., Needham,
Massachusetts Successful fly ash beneficiation at Carolina
Povifer& Light's Roxboro Station 1999
6 M.M.Wu Durability evaluation and production
of manufactured aggregates from coal combustion
by-products 2005
/ R.Hurt, I.Kulaots Brown University Providence,
ni Scale-Up and demonstration of fly ash ozonation
technology 2005
8 S.B.Roongta, T.S.Dew/angan, DR.Hemant Sahu
Blended cement with higher addition of fly ash and fineness
as a tool with respect to clinker quality
9 BJ.Azzopardi, M.CIoke, A.W.Thompson and J
A.Wilson Potential cost and efficiency savings through
improved multiphase application in UK fossil-fired power
generation 2001
lO.SomnukTangtermsirikul Professor Sirindhorn
International Institute of Technology Thammasat
University, development of fly ash in Thailand
11 Yinghai Wu, Edw/ard J.Anthony and Lufei Jia
Reactivation of partially sulphated CFBC ash and limestone
with steam and liquid water
12 The Japan Fly Ash Association/Environmental
Technology Association: Coal ash handbook 2000 edition
13 Coal combustion products utilization handbook
Second edition 2004, copyright; Wisconsin Energy
Corporation (USA)
14 Michael Boehm and Jeff Bell Rock Tron's Fly ash
separation system
16 The American Coal Ash Association, website: http://www.aeaa-usa.org
17 International Ash Utilization Symposium (lAUS) and World of Coal Ash (WOCA), Ash library, website: http;//www.flyash.info/l ndex.html
18 Nigel S Dong, Copyright lEA clean coal center
Reducing carbon-in-ash
19 Caslos Leira F et al Influence of the type of ash on the insulating capacity mortar used for passive protection against fire 2003
20 TS Luang Ode Long, ThS N g u y i n Vin Ooin, ThS LUU Thj Hdng, ThS L l Vi|t Hung, ThS Nguyin Manti
Tudng Nghiin cdu sddung tro nhiit diin ddt than tdng s6i tudn hodn cd khd khi sunfua (CFBC) cua Nhd mdy Nhiet diin Cao Ngan cho sdn xudt vdt liiu xdy dung
21 Viln Khoa hoc Cdng nqYii\A6.Bdoc6oNghier\c^ cdng nghe sdn xudt cdc chdt phu gia vd vdt lieu xdy dung tit chdt thdi rdn cua cdc nhd mdy nhiit dien dot than
22 Hudng ddn sd dung nang lugng hiiu qud trong ngdnh cdng nghiip chdu A, nhien lieu vd qud tdnh chdy
23 Phan Hdu Duy Qudc, Viln Khoa hpc Cdng nghiepi
Dai hpc Tokyo, N h i t B i n Phdn tich viic sddung troxlthan thdi ra tdcdc nhd mdy nhiit diin d Viit Nam
24 0 6 B i Thanh, Vu V i n Dat Che tgo phu gia hogt tinh cao cho xi mang tdtro than nhiit di^n
25 CdngtyCPTUvSnXiydungDilnl.edocdofftuj^t
minh thiit ki casd Nhd mdy Nhiit diin ThdiBinh2.2007
26 Cdng ty CP Tu v i n Xiy dung Dien 1 Bdo cdo ve nhdng thay ddi so vdi quy hoach TTDL Thdi Binh
27 CdngtyCPTuvinXiydUngDilnl.Sdocdothtiye'f
minh thiit ke casd Nhd mdy Nhiit diin VungAng ;.2O06
28 Cdng ty CPTU v i n Xiy dUng D i l n 3 Bao cdo thuyet minh thiit ki casd Nhd mdy Nhiit diin Long Phd l.lOOi
29 H6 sa gidi thiiu nang lUC Cdng ty CP Sdng Bd CflO
cudng