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website: sj.ctu.edu.vn
T I N H T O A N P H A T T H A I M E - T A N TU* R A C THAI S I N H H O A T
K H U V i r c N O l 6 T H A N H P H O C A N T H O
Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan', Le Hoang Viet Nguyen Xuan Hoang va Vii Thanh Trung
' Khoa Mdi trudng & Tdi nguyen Thien nhien Truang Dgi hgc Cdn Tha
Thong tin chung:
Ngdy nhan: 23/05/2013
Ngdy chdp nhgn: 2& 04/2014
Title:
Estimation on CH4 emission
fi-om domestic solid waste at
inner area in Cantho city
Ttr khda:
Bai chdn lap rdc, phdt thdi
CH4, rdc thdi sinh hogt,
thdnh phd Cdn Tha
Keyivords:
Cantho city CHi emission,
domestic solid waste
ABSTRACT
This study focuses on defining the CH4 emission from domestic solid waste oflhe Can Tho city First the domestic solid waste from local households
in Ninh Kieu and Binh Thuy, the municipal districts oflhe Can Tho city was collected and classified for their composition Based on the development planning oflhe Can Tho city up to 2020 and the expected GDP value ofl<x:al resident in this city, the volume of solid waste was estimated Then the CH4 emission was taking into account based on percentage of organic components in the waste loading The CH4 released from solid waste in the Can Tho city in 2020 will be 3.170 tons, equivalent
to 79.270 tons of CO2 per year This emission volume increasing according to the population and the local resident's GDP growing rates
TOM TAT
Nghiin cuu ndy tap trung vdo xdc dinli lugng phdt thdi CH4 tir rdc thdi sinh hogt cua thdnh phd Cdn Tha Trudc tien rdc thdi sinh hogt tgi cdc hd gia dinh cu ngu lgi hai qudn Ninh Kieu vd Binh Thity thudc thdnh phd Cdn Tha dugc thu gom, phdn logi di xdc dinh thdnh phdn rdc thdi Dua vdo dinh hudng phdt triin cita thdnh phd Cdn Tha den ndm 2020 udc tinh lugng rdc thdi sinh boat phdt sinh Tir dd tinh todn lugng phdt thdi CH4 dua vdo thdnh phdn hiru co tii phdn hdy sinh hgc trong rdc thdi Lugng khi CH4 phdt sinh tir rdc thdi sinh hogt trong ndm 2020 a thdnh phd Cdn Tha la 3170,75 tdn tuang ung vdi 79268.68 tdn CO/ndm Lugng phdt thdi nm' gia tdng theo ty li gia tdng ddn sd vd sg gia tdng thu nhgp binh qudn ddu ngirdi cua cu ddn thdnh pho
1 MODAU
Li thinfa phd true thupc trung uong d viing
Dong bing sdng Ciru Long, Cin Tho li rapt trung
tdra hdnh chinfa, kinfa ti, vdn fada - xa fadi ciia cd
sinfa hoai ciia hai qudn ndi tiidnh thdnfa phd Cdn
Tho ting trung binh frong vdng 5 nam qua la
7.2%/nim Trong khi hiln nay ihinh phd Cin Tfao
faoan todn chua cd bdi cfaiia chit thii rin hay nhd
tni>- xii ly chit thdi rdn hgp quy dinh (Sd Tii
nguyin vi Mdi tnrdng thinh phd Cin Tho, 2009)
md lugng ric thai phit sinfa chu ylu dugc cfadn 1 ^ tai bai ric Tdn Long ndm trin dia bdn tinfa Hdu Giang Vdi him lugng chit hiru co cao, qui trirUi phin hiiy yim kfai diln ra kfai cfadn lip ric cd thi
cd khi ndng gdy hi|u iing nhi kinfa gap 23 Ian so
vdi kfai CO2 (Forster et al., 2007) Do dd vile tinfa
toin lugng phit tfaii CH4 tir ric tfaai sinfa hoat ciia tiidnh phd Cin Tho cd thi giiip cho nhiing ngudi Iam cdng tic qudn Iy chit thdi cd cdi nfain tdng quan vl tilm nang tfau hdi khi CHi va ngudn ndng
Trang 22 PHUOfNG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ
2.1 Pfauong phap dieu tra thyc te
Tiln hinh khio sit thyc tl lugng phit sinh chat
thdi sinh hogt khu vyc npi d thinh phd Cin Tho tgi
70 hg gia dinfa d quin Ninh Kilu (cic pfauong An
Hda, Xudn Klidnfa, Hung Lgi, An Hdi, An Cu, Tdn
An) vd 30 hp gia dinfa d qudn Binh Thdy (cdc phuong An Thdi, Binh Thiiy, Bui Hiiu Nghia), bao gdm fad gidu, kfai, trung binh nghlo Cac hp nay Cyc Thing ke thdnh phi Cin Tha nim 2010 vdi 8
hg giiu, 75 hO khd, 9 hd trung binh va 8 hg ngheo
Hinh 1: Bin do hinh chinh tfaanh pfao Cdn
Di nghi chu hO ghi nhdt ky thai rdc theo mdu da
ldp vdi cac thdng tin vl tinh trang hg, thdi quen dd
rdc va rdc tdi sii dyng, thdi quen mua sdm Song
song do tiin hdnh thu gom lugng rdc hdng ngiy
frong 1 tuin dl xic dinh tdng lugng rac thai Vdi
tdng lugng rac thdi thu gom dugc tir tit ca cac hd
gia dinh khao sat ciia timg qu|n, tiin hdnh phan
logi tfadnfa phdn ciia rdc thdi, ddng thdi khdo sit
thdnh phin cd thi tii che frong ddng thii
2.2 Phuvng phdp ddnfa gii, phan tich vd
dy bdo
Dya vio tdc dg gia ting dan so (co hpc vd di
ddn) va lugng ric thdi binh quan hing ngay (cd
tinh din miic dp phit thdi cua cu ddn do thi), dy
bdo lugng rac phdt sinh din ndm 2020 Tir dd tinh
toan lugng klii CHt thodt ra tii rdc thii sinh hoat
tiieo cong tinic di nghi bdi IPCC (1995):
CH4 = (WT X WF X MCF X DOC x DOCF x F
X l 6 / 1 2 - R ) x ( i _ o X )
WT: Tdng lugng rdc phdt sinh (tin/ndm)
WT: Phin fram lugng rdc dua din bai chon lip
MCF: Gia fri mac dinh ciia tham si methane
(0,6)
DOC: Phin tram DOC frong rdc thii
kilometers Tho* (trai) va kfau vyc nghiin ciru (phai) DOCF: Gid fri sai sd cua DOC (gii tri mdc dinh
la 0,7) F: Phin trdm ciia khi CH4 trong khi bdi chon lip (gid fri m|c dinh la 0,5)
R: Khi methane thu hii dugc (tin/ndm) OX: Ty 1^ oxy hda
3 KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 Xac djnfa dong tfaai
3.1.1 Tdng lugng rdc thdi sinh hogt tgi hg gia dinh
Ting lugng rdc sinh boat thai ra tir cic hp gia dinli liln tyc trong ra^t tuan tai hai qudn dugc khao sdt trong Hinh 2 Lugng ric thai sinh hoat phdt sinh
cd kfaii lugng Ion nhit vdo cuoi tuan, d^c biet vdo
hd dan cd thdi quen di mua sam vio nhihig ngiy cudi tuin, khi dd hg mua nhilu hing hda vi thyc phdm dl lilu thy frong nhtrng ngiy niy Hon niia, pfadra ciia hg va chudn bi thiic dn cfao nfaChig ngdy trong tuin, do dd hdu nhu rac tfadi pfadt sinh vao cuoi tuin Ly do thii hai Ii cdc thdnh vien frong gia
dinh thudng d nha vio cuii tuan nin st lugng
ngudi tdng len vd thara cfai so lugng biia in sl dugc tdng len dan din lugng rac thdi dugc thdi bd
se tdng len
Trang 3Hinfa 2 : K h o i l u g n g r a c p h a t sinfa tfaeo n g a y t r o n g t u i n
Cdng tdc tfau gora rdc tai cic fap ddn dugc khdo rac chii fad bd di
sit tien hdnh theo hai dgng: n- u - r - i, u * - • i
^ ^ - Rae phe lieu: thu gora tfaeo tuan tu lugng Ric tfadi bd: thu gom hing ngdy tir lugng rdc cfaii hp de lgi ban pfai ti|u
Bdng 1: Gia tri trung binh kfai phan loal rdc cua 100 hp STT
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Thanh phan
Rac hiiu ca
Giay
Nhira cao su
Kim loai
Thuy tinh
Vai soi (hang det)
Gach, da, sanh stjr
Rac doc hai
Khac
Son v|
kg/ngudi*ngay kg/nguai*ngay kg/nguoi'ngay kg/nguai*ngay kg/ngucri*ng^y kg/ngu6i*ngay kg/ngir6i*ngay kg/ngucri*ngay kg/ngudi*ngay
Lutnig rac thai bo 0,342 0,010 0,036 0,002 0,001 0,004 0,003 0.001 0,009
Luvns r:ic phe lifu
-0,024 0,011 0,003 0,002
-Mac dil, ngudi ddn di cd y thiic frong vile tfau
gora cdc tfaanfa pfaan rdc thdi cd the tdi cfae dl bdn
pfai lieu nhung van cdn radt phan ldn dugc thai bd
theo ric thai sinh boat hing ngiy, frong dd giiy
chiem 29%, nfaya cao su cfaiem 77%, kim loai
chiem 44%, thiiy tinh chiem 33% trong tdng khdi
lugng dugc thdi bd
3 1.2 Mirc do quan tdm ciia ngirdi ddn vi rdc
thdi phi liiu
De danfa gid thai do ciia ngudi ddn vl cdc thinfa
phdn tii cfal nhu kim loai, giay, tfaiiy tinh, nfaya
phat sinh tai cdc hd gia dinh, cacfa thiic hp din xii:
ly cdc logi rdc thai niy da dugc khdo sdt Kit qud
diiu fra thyc ti cfao tfaiy, 81% hO ddn giii lai di ban
ve chai, 19% se bd di cimg vdi ric tbdi sinh boat vi
nfain chai, lg bang nfaya dl lira vat dyng cfaira nudc
uong frong gia dinfa faogc dimg vdo mpt sd vile
riing khdc
Kit qud kfaio sat cfao tfaiy, da phin cdc hg ddn
cd y thiic tilt kiera, hp thu gom nhihig loai rdc thdi
cd tfal tii chl dl ban phi lieu Trong sd cdc hd pfadng vin, cd 11% fag gidu, 77% fap khd, 100% hp
trung buih, 100% ho ngfaeo Id thu gora rdc tfadi de
bdn phi lieu
Ddi vdi cac hp khdng thu gora ric thdi cd the tdi 89% fad gidu va 23% hd kfaa Do kinfa ti ciia nfaihig fad ndy cd miic thu nhip cao nin hp cho rdng tiln bin dugc tir nhihig ric thii phi lilu ciing Ididng dugc bao nhieu md phdi mat thdi gian frong viec pfain loai
3.1.3 Kit qud phdn logi rdc
Hiln nay, Viet Nam cd faudng ddn ve phdn logi cdc tfaanh pfadn cfadt thai rdn theo Nghi dinh 59/2007/NE)-CP ngay 09/4/2007 vi qudn Iy chit tfaii rin va TCVN 6705:2009 vi pfain logi cfait tiiii rdn thdng thuong Tfaeo do, chdt thdi rdn dugc phdn
Trang 4huy gdm hai loai rdc thyc phara va rac vuon (cd Id
vdi sgi (hing det), gach di , rac ddc hai, khac
Tuy nhiin, frong bai vilt niy, rdc thdi sinh hoat
dugc phin loai dinh hudng tfaeo hudng ddn tinh
todn lugng carbon hiiu co cd the phdn hiiy ciia
IPCC (1995) Kit qud thu gom vd phan loai ric thii
ciia cdc hd din kfaio sdt Uen tuc frong mit tudn
dugc kit qua nhu Bdng 2
Kit qua thu tfaap vd phdn loai ric thyc tl tai cac
hd ddn kfaao sat cfao tfaay thinh phin ric tfayc pfadm
chilm ty II cao nhit vdi trin 80%, cdc thanh phan
c6 khi ndng tii chl (gidy, nfaya cao su, kim loai,
thiiy tinh) chiim fren 12% frong dd tiidnh phdn
Bdng 2: Kit qud phan lo^i thanh phan rac thai sinh
nhya cao su chii yiu li bgc nylon chilm ^ le cao thai cua Trung tdm Quan trie Mdi trudng thdnh phi c i n Tho nam 2010 cfao thiy, rdc thai sinh boat Thuy klidng cd sy khdc biet, frii nhdm rac thyc phim Nguyin nhdn ciia sy khac bi|t frong lugng rdc thyc pham giira kit qud pfain IOEU thyc te va kit trie phan loai ddi vdi rdc tdng hgp tir nhieu ngudn thii khac nfaau nfau hp gia dinh, rdc cdng sd, cdng viin, rdc xay dyng, rdc dudng phd trong khi nghien ciiu nay chi tap frung vdo rdc thdi sinh hogt tgi cac hd gia dinfa
T h a n h p h a n
G i i y , carton, v i i
Rac vuon, cong vien va cac
R i c Ihvrc pham
Cac dang huii c a khdc
Kim loai
Thily tinh
Gach da, sanh su
Rac dOc hai
Kliac
; dang de phan ihiiy
Q N i n h Kieu (%) 3,4
0 83,7 8,8 0,6 0,3 0,8 0,3 2,1
Q B i n h
T h i i y ( % ) 4,0
0 81,9 9,2 0,7 0,5 0,6 0,4 2,7
T r u n g
h a i
; b i n h quSn 3,7
0 82,8 9,0 0,65 0,4 0,7 0,35 2,4
T h a m
k h a o * ( % ) 8,46 0,87 75,37 10,39 0,65 0,4 0,7 0,35 2,4
• gid tri iham khao tir kit qud phdn logi rdc thdi cua Trung tdm Quan Irdc Moi Iruang thanb phd Cdn Tha ndm 2010
3.2 D y bdo kfaoi l u g n g r a c sinfa b o a t d i n
nam 2020
Mgt cich tong quit khdi lugng rac thai phat
sinh tai mgt khu vyc dugc dy bdo dya frln 2
phuong phap sau:
Phuong phdp dy bio theo s i dan vd ly 11
tang dan so
Phucmg phip dy bao khii lugng thai dya
tren so din dugc phyc vu
Trong nghien ciiu niy, lugng rac thai tinh frln
Bang 3: Dy bdo din so cua quin Ninfa Kieu va Binfa Tfaiiy den nam 2020
ddu ngudi chi xac dinfa riing cfao rac tgi hd gia dinh, cfaua tinfa den lupng phdt thdi frong thdi diim ngudi ddn ldm vile Vi vay, lugng phdt sinh chit
dy bio theo phuong phdp dy bao theo si ddn vd ty
11 tang din so
3.2.1 Du bdo su tdng ddn so qitgn Ninh Kieu
vd Binh Thuy din ham 2020
Theo s i lieu cung cip tir Cyc Thing kl thanh phd Can Tho, ddn sd dy bio ciia qugn Ninh Kieu
v i quan Binh Thity din nam 2020 nhu sau:
S T T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
g
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
T y le t a n g d a n s d
h a n g n a m (%)
1,016 1,017 1,011 1,012 1,013 1,014 1,015 1,012
D a n s6 q u S n
Ninh K i ^ u 258.294 262.685 265.574 268.761 272.255 276.066 280.207 283.570
D a n so q u ^ n
B i n h T h u y 118.948 120.970 122.301 123.768 125.377 129.039
T o n g d a n so hai 1 q u a n 377.242 383.655 387.875 392.529 403.198 409.246
Trang 53.2.2 Z V bdo khdi lugng chdt thdi rdn sinh
hogt binh qudn ddu ngudi
Trong tuong Iai, vipc dy bdo lugng ric binh
qudn ciia mpt ngirdi thdi ra frong ngdy se dya vdo
thu nhdp binfa quan fren diu ngudi ciia tfainfa pfad
Can Tfao Vdi myc tiiu ting trudng kinfa t i - x a fagi
ciia tfadnfa pfad da de ra (tfaeo Quyet dinfa sd
366/QD-TTg ngiy 20/3/2009 ciia Tfau tirdng Cfainfa
phu) thi thu nhdp binfa qudn frln ddu ngudi se tdng
va bing tfadnfa pfad Hd Chi Minh frong vii ndra tdi
Vdi xu hudng phdt triln nhu vdy, tuong lai lugng
vdi tfadnfa phi Hd Cfai Minfa Do dd, thdnfa pfad Hd
Cfai Minh dugc chpn de so sdnh va tinfa todn du
bdo lupng rdc binh qudn cua mpt ngudi thii ra
frong ngdy ciia tfaanfa phi Cdn Tho cho tuong lai
De an quy faoacfa phat triin kinh tl - xa hgi
thinh phd Can Tho din ndm 2020 v i tim nhin
2030 ciia UBND tiidnh pfad Cin Tho di xuit rauc
tiiu tdng trudng GDP hmfa quin hdng nim 16%
giai doan 2011 2015, tang 15% giai dogn 2016
-2020 vd 10,5% giai dogn 2021 - 2030 Kit qud
dy bio thu nhap binh qudn diu ngudi d thdnh phd
Can Tho din nam 2020 dya vdo dl an quy hoacfa
nhu sau;
Bdng 4: Dy bao thu nfaap binfa quin dau ngirdi
d tfaanfa pho Can Thtf den nam 2020
N i m
2013
2015
2017
2019
T ^ dd tang
G D P ( % / n i n i )
16
16
15
15
15
G D P binh q n a n (USD/nsirofi* 'nam'') 2.752 3.703 4.897 6.476
pfad Hd Chi Minh frong nim 2010 li 2.800 USD/ nim Vdi sy so sdnfa frln, pfauong pfadp tinh todn lugng rdc binh quin ciia mgt ngudi tfaii ra frong ngdy frong tuong Iai cua thanfa phd Cin Tho nhu sau:
Trong ndm 2010 d thanfa pfad Hd Cfai Minfa tfau nfadp binfa qudn frln diu ngudi Id 2.800 USD
vd lugng rac tiidi sinh hogt hmfa qudn 0,74 kg/ngudi*ngay'
Theo Trung tdm Quan frde Mdi frudng thaitii phd c i n Tho nam 2010 kfaii lugng rac tfadi sinh hoat binh quin la 0,68 kg/ngudi*ngiy"K Kit qud dy bao den nim 2013 thu nfaip binh quin uln diu ngudi cua tfadnfa phd Cdn Tha se dat 2.752 USD/nim tiic 3 ndra sau sl gin bing vdi thu nhdp binh qudn cua thirtii phi Hd Chi Minh Vgy 3 ndm sau, lugng rdc binh quan ciia mpt ngudi tfaii ra frong ngiy ciia tfadnh pfad Cdn Tfao se gdn bdng vdi tfaanfa pfad Hd Chi Minh
Lugng rdc binfa quin ciia mpt ngudi thdi ra ciia thinfa phd Can Tho tdng binfa qudn I ndra Ii; (0,74
- 0,68)/3 = 0,02 kg/n^di*ngdy' Kit qud dy bdo kfadi lugng rdc cho thdy kfaii lugng ric thai hdng hpi Do dd, ddi fadi pfaii cd cii nhin kfaic ve rdc tfadi vd sy quan tim dau tu diing miic cua cdc cip cfainh quyen
Bang 5: Dy bdo lugng rac binfa quan ciia mgt ngudi tfaai ra trong mgt ngay ciia hai qudn Ninh Kilu va Binh Thiiy den ndm 2020
Qua kit qui dy bio frln cbo tfaiy tfau nfadp binfa
quin tren diu ngudi ctia tfaanfa phd Cdn Tho den
nim 2013 sl dat 2.752 USD/ndm vi gin tuong
duong vdi thu nhip binh quan diu ngudi ciia tiiinh
Bang 6: Du- bdo tdc dp phat sinh rdc thai sinfa boat hp gia dinh ciia hai quan Ninfa Kieu va Binh Thuy den ndm 2020
Nam
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
T o c d ^ fing G D P (%/nam) i
16
16
16
15
15
15
15
15
G D P binh Klioi lugng r i c quan 1 (USD/ binh q u a n iguM*nam"') (kg/neir6i*neay"') 2.752 0,49 3.192 0,51 3.703 0,53 4.258 0,55 4.897 0,57 5.632 0,59 6.476 0,61 7.448 0,63
Ndm Dan s Toe dp phdt sinh rac
(kg/nguoi/Qgay)
Khoi lugng rac phdt sinh Irong mfit ngay (tan)
Khoi lugng rac trong mgt phdt sinh nam (tan)
2013
2015
2017
2019
377.242
387.875
397.632
403.198
0,49 0,51 0,55 0,59
184,9 205,6 226,7 249,6
67488,5 75044,0 78803,5 86833,5
Trang 63.3 Tinh todn mirc dp giant phat thai kfai
nha kinfa trong diiu kiln chdn lap rac thai sinh
boat 6* thanfa pfao Can Thar
3.3.1 Lugng carbon hiru CO cd thi phdn huy
(DOC)
Theo IPCC (1995) lugng carbon hiiu co cd tiii
phdn hiiy dugc tinh theo cdng thiic:
DOC = 0,4A + 0,17B + 0,15C + 0,01D
frong dd
A: % rdc dang giay, carton va vii
B: % ric vudn / cdng viin vd cdc dgng rdc dl
phdn faiiy kfadc
C: % rdc thyc phdm
D: % rdc cdc dang faiiu co khic
Tir kit qui phin logi trung binh cic tfainfa pfain
chit tfaii cua rdc thai sirtii hogt cimg vdi rdc tfaii
phe lipu cua 100 hg din tfaii ra tai khu vuc ndi d
thanfa phd Cin Tho, thay cdc gid trj thyc tl vao
cdng thiie, kit qud tinh toin lugng carbon hOu co
CO the phin hiiy frong rdc thdi sinh boat thdnh phd
c i n Tho DOC =13,99%
3.3.2 Tinh lugng khi CH4 thodt ra tit rdc thdi
sinh hogt thdnh phd Cdn Tha
Lugng khi CH4 cd thi thu fadi tinli todn dya frln
tdng lugng rdc thii sinh boat dua vao bdi chdn ldp
Ap dyng phuong phip USEPA's LANGEM
(IPCC, 1995), gii tri tirong quan ciia tham sd CH4
ling vdi cdc loai bai chdn lap khdc nhau dugc frinh
bdy frong bdng 7
Do chat thdi sinfa hogt cua din cu thanh phi
Cin Tho dua den bdi chdn lap chua dugc phan
loai, chgn gid frj MCF = 0,6
Cdn cii vio sd Ii|u cung cdp tir Cdng \y Cdng
frinh Dd thi thanh phd Cdn Tfao, ty I| thu gom rdc
thdi sinh hoat hiln nay Id 85% Chgn WF = 0,85 Gid sii mOt sd gii trj se khdng ddi tii nay cho din ndm 2020:
WF = 85: lugng rac dua din bdi chdn lip (%) MCF = 60: gid trj ra§c djnh cua tham sd CH4
(%)
DOC = 13,99: lugng carbon faiiu co cd tfai phin hiiy frong rdc thii (%)
R = 0: khi CH4 thu fail dugc (tan/ndra)
OX = 0; ty II oxy hda
Sy im lln toin cdu tiem nang cua khi CH4 (GWP) gdp 25 ldn so vdi khi CO2 frong tfadi gian
100 ndm (Forster et al., 2007) Ket qui tuifa toin
lugng khi CH4 thoit ra tir ric thdi sinh hoat cua faai quan Ninh Kilu vd Binh Thiiy tir nay den nam
2020 v i kit qud quy ddi sang lugng pfadt thdi CO2 dugc frinfa bay frong Hinfa 3
Bang 7: Bai chdn lip chit thai sinh hoat va gia tri tuong quan ciia tfaam so CH4 Logi bai chdn lap
(SWDS)
Cd qudn 1^
Khdng quan ly - siu
(> 5m ric)
Kfadng qudn ty -nong (< 5ra rdc) Gia tri mile djnh ddi vdi bii ric khdng phdn loai
Gid trj tirong quan ciia tham s i CH^ (MCF)
1,0 0,8 0,4 0,6 Qud trinh xii ly rdc thdi tgo ra lugng phdt tfaii CH4 Id loai kfai cd khd ndng dra lln todn cdu Vd lugng phit thii nay tdng ti le thudn vdi lugng rdc thii cung gia ting hdng ndm Neu khdng cd bipn phdp tfau fadi faoic gidm tfailu pfait tfaii CH4 thi hiu qud ddi vdi moi trudng Ii rit Idn
3500
1
1
2014
1
1
2016 2017 Nam
T 1
2020
r 100000
• 80000
• 60000
40000
20000
^
• L i r c r n g
C 0 2
t u ' c n g
d i p c n g ( t ^ n / n a m )
Hinh 3: Lirgng khi CH4 tfaoat ra tir rac thai sinh boat ciia din cu hai quan Ninh Kieu vi Binh Thiiy vd
Trang 74 KET LU^N VA ©E XUAT
4.1 Kit luan
Nghiin ciiu di xdc dinfa dugc kfaii lupng cfait
tfaii rdn sinh hogt fap ddn cu frln dia ban hai qugn
npi d (Nmh Kiiu vd Binfa Thuy) ciia tiidnh pfad Cdn
Tho: tien fainfa pfain logi va xdc dinfa tfadnfa phdn
ddng Uiai cua ric thdi sinh hoat ciia 100 hd ddn frln
dia bin; ding thdi udc tinfa lugng CH4 tfaoit ra
frong tnrdng fapp cfadn lip rdc tfadi vdo bai cfadn lip
nhu hi|n nay
Khdi lugng rdc thii sinh hogt hd gia dinh
kfau vyc ngi d tfaiitii pfad Cin Tfao nam 2013 Id
184,9 tdn/ngdy vd dy bdo din ndm 2020 Id 260,9
tdn/ngdy Kit qud dy bdo cho thiy khii lugng chdt
thii rin binh qudn diu ngudi tdng len va sy gia
ting din sd Iam cfao khoi lugng ric frong tuong lai
tdng theo
- Tfadnfa phan ciia rdc thdi sinh hogt da phdn
la rdc tfayc pfaim chiim frln 80% vd cic thinfa
phin cd kfad ndng tdi chl cfaiim frln 12%
Lugng khi CH4 phit suih tii ric thii sinh
hoat fag gia dinh nam 2013 d ndi d thanfa pfao Cin
Tfao Id 2247,11 tin/ndm (ttrong duong 56177,76
tin COi/nam) din nim 2020 li 3170,75 tin/ndm
(tuong ducmg 79268,68 tin COi/ndm)
4.2 ok xuit
Thdng qua vile tinfa toin tai lugng kfai CHA
phit sinfa tir rdc tfadi sinfa faogt cua cu ddn ngi d
tfadnh pho Can Tho, viec dl xudt cdc giii phip de
Neu thinfa pfao Cdn Tfao diu tu cdng ngfae xii ly
chit thdi sinfa faoat tfaeo mo Iiinfa ii pfadn compost
cdc thdnh phdn faiiu co de pfadn faiiy, lugng CO2
quy ddi vdi kfadi lugng ldn nhu da trinh bdy sl
kfadng cd dieu ki|n tiiii vao biu khi quyln Nhu
viy, se edt gidm dugc lugng khi thdi gdy failu iing
thai (CER - certified of emission reduction) cfao
cdc tgp doin cdng ngfaipp tfaeo nghi dinh thu Kyoto
hodc khuyin kfaicfa ap dyng chiing nhin CFP
(carbon footprint) Dilu nay khdng nhiing mang y
nghia ve mat mdi trudng rai cdn mang y ngfaia vl
mit kinh tl (thu fadi nfaiet, tao ndng lugng, cdi tfailn
chdt lugng kfai tfailn nfailn, sir dyng lam nfaien lieu
cfagy dgng co ) vd tilt kiem tai nguyin
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1 BdKhoahgcCdngnghl, 2012 Quyit dinh 2935/QD-BKHCN ban hanh Tieu chuin Viet Nam 6705:2009 - Chit tiidi rin tiidng thudng Phdn loai
2 Cyc Thing kl tiiinh pfad c i n Tho, 2010 Niin gidm thing kl thdnh phi Cin Tho
2009 UBND tiidnh phd Cdn Tho
3 Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Bemtsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D.W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D.C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Pruin, R., Raga, G., M S., Van Dorland, R, 2007 Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative
Forcing In: S Solomon et al (Editors),
Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Confribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report oflhe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K
4 IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1995 Greenhouse gas inventory reporting instruction Notebook and reference tables IPCC/OECD, Paris
5 Sd Tai nguyin vd Mdi truong thanh pho Cin Tho, 2009 Bdo cdo nam 2009 cdng tic quin
ly bdo vl mdi trudng fren dja ban tiianfa pfad
c i n Tho UBND tiianfa pfai Cin Tfao
6 Thii tudngChinhphii, 2012 Quyitdinfasi 366/QD-TTg ngdy 31/3/2012 ciia Thii tudng Chinh phu vl vile phe duyet Chuong frinh myc lilu Qudc gia nudc sach vd vl suih mdi trudngndngthon giai doan 2012-2015
7 Thu ttrdng Chinh phu, 2007 Ban hdnh Nghi dinh 59/2007/ND-CP ngiy 09/4/2007 vi qudn ly chit thii rin
8 Trung tdm Quan frdc Mdi trudng thinh phd Can Tha, 2010 Kit qua quan frdc cfait tiiii rin thinh phd Can Tho 2010 UBND thinh phd Cin Tfao
9 UBND thanh phd c i n Tfao, 2013 Quy hoacfa tdng tfal pfait friln kinh tl - xa hdi thdnfa phd Cin Tho din nam 2020, tim nfain din nam 2030