KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO ^ ^ NGHIEN CQU O N G D U N G CONG NGHE TRAM THAM CHIEU HOAT DONG LIEN TUC (CORS) TRONG CONG TAC DO VE THANH LAP BAN DO KHfll THAC 6 MO LO THI€N H î n nay, vdi chucng trinh na[.]
Trang 1KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO _ ^ ^
HOAT DONG LIEN TUC (CORS) TRONG CONG TAC DO VE
THANH LAP BAN DO KHfll THAC 6 MO LO THI€N
H i^n nay, vdi chucng trinh nang cap vd ddi mdi hp thing GLONASS (GLObal
NAvigation Satellite System) cua Lien bang
Nga vd ehuang trinh xay dung he thing Galileo
cua Cpng ddng Chau Au hay he thing ve tinh dinh
vj COMPASS cua Trung QuIc da tao ra nhung
thay dli to Idn v l tuong lai cua edng nghe djnh vj
vp tinh Them vdo dd, ban thdn he thing djnh vj
GPS cua My cung dang cd cdc ehuong trinh ndng
cap nham cai thipn va nang cao kha ndng tich hpp
cung nhu dO chinh xac cua s l lieu md he thing
ndy dang cung elp
Sy kit hpp cua cac he thing GPS, GLONASS,
GALILEO va COMPASS se hinh thdnh nen hp
thing v§ tinh din dudng toan clu GNSS, nd se
cung cap so lup'ng vp tinh nhilu han so vdi sd
lup'ng v^ tinh hipn cd cua GPS, vi vay ndng cao
dupe dp chinh xdc cua cac mdy thu mat dIt vd
cung cap dupe nhilu ung dung han
Nhung dli thay mang tinh chiln luae cua hp
thing GNSS nhu tinh da he, muc dp phat triln cua
h§ thing ho trp, may thu, phdn mIm vd cae
phucng phdp do mdi anh hudng Idn tdi cdc ung
dung trong I7nh vyc trie dja-ban d l Nd thuc dly
vi^c thyc hi^n cdng tac dinh vj theo xu t h i mdi dd
Id thilt Igp mgng ludi cae tr?m CORS
(Continuously Operating Reference Station) thay
thi cho mgng ludi trie dja truyin thing
Vipc xdy dyng trgm CORS cd nhilu y nghla, no
phiJ hp-p vdi mpi ngudi dung, khdng edn gidi han
trong ITnh vyc trie dja ban d l ed t h i ddng thdi
thoa mdn tuc thdi nhilu yeu clu khac nhau, cung
d p ehl d | do dOng thdi gian thyc RTK vdi dp
chinh xdc cac U'u dilm cua CORS Id pham^ vi phu
sdng rOng, hi$u qua cao, su dgng lau ddi, trd thdnh
xu hudng mdi trong ITnh vyc trie dia-ban d l , nd
cung d p cho tit ca ngudi dung sy I n djnh vd
thing nhlt cua h$ thing tham chilu tpa dp va
TS PHAM CONG KHAI
Trwong Dai hgc Mo-Dja chat
ehuin hda ca sd dO lieu trie dia ban dd, nang cao chit lupng va hieu suit cua s l lieu ngoai nghiep Bai bao trinh bay giai phdp cdng nghe cua tram CORS vdi ehi>e nang do dpng thdi gian thuc RTK
d l thdnh lap ban dd dja hinh khai thac md
1 Gidi thieu he thdng tram CORS
Hp thing tram tham chilu vdn hanh lien tuc -CORS dup'c dinh nghla la mpt hodc nhilu tram tham chilu GNSS van hdnh lien tuc, c l djnh, kit hpp mdy tinh chu (Server) va he thing mang
internet truyin dH lieu tao thdnh mpt mang ludi
Thdng qua nhung cdng tac do dac cua khach hang
d nhung khoang thdi gian, dja hinh, dilu kien va muc dp khdc nhau da dupe tryc tilp truyin nhij'ng tri do cua may pha sdng tai, (khoang each gia), tham s l thay dli, tlnh trang thdng tin, va nhi>ng thdng s l khac cd lien quan din he thing phuc vu cua GNSS He thing tram CORS cua tap doan may trie dja Nam Phuong (SOUTH) lip dat d trudng D?i hpc Mo-Dja chit dupe t h i hien nhu (hinh H.l) He thing trgm CORS nay bao glm cac
bp phan sau
1.1 Bg phan tram chuan NRS
Tram thu dupe dat d noi an toan, thdng thoang,
it bj anh hudng cua hipu ung da dudng din, ludi dien I n djnh He thing may thu Id loai NRS NET S8, su dung bo m?ch chu cua Trimble BD970, 220 kenh, ho trp' thu tin hipu vp tinh GPS, Glonass, Compass; hd trp GIOVE-A; GIOVE-B, tin suit thu thap ed t h i dat 50 Hertz He thing cd cIng kit nli
da nang, cd kha nang phye hoi sau khi mIt dipn vd
ty dpng ho?t dpng lien tgc nhu cai dat ban diu; trudng hpp sau khi bj ngit mgng internet vdn bao luu s l lipu va sau khi kit ndi dupe vdi mang thi so lipu tilp tuc ty dpng trut vdo mdy (H.2a) Anten thu su dyng v§t lipu it co dan, ed kha ndng logi bd sdng tgp do hi^u ung da dudng din,
Trang 2thilt k l dinh tam 4 dilm vdi dp on djnh cua tam
anten dat d i n 0,8 mm va cd kha nang thu tin hieu d
gdc ngudng rat nhd {H.2b)
H.1 Tram CORS-N001
tai tnmng Dai hoc Mo-Dja chit
H.2 Tram thu chuan NRS NET 38 (a)
va antenna cua hang South fb)
2.2 Trung tam dieu khien cua he thong NRS
Trung tdm xu ly s l lieu, thdng qua may tinh chC (Server) dup'c kit noi vdi mot dup'c truyin Internet rieng va dup'c dang ky mot IP tTnh, cd the phdn cap quan ly, tuy theo tOng doi tup'ng ngudi su dyng bing hai phIn mIm di kem: NRS-Center>{phyc vg tinh toan sd lieu, phan bo sd lieu tram thu t7nh) va NRS-Server cung d p thdng tin sai phan cho dilm
do di ddng Tiln hanh XLF ly so lieu cCia mang ludi
do ddng RTK, ddng thdi hieu chfnh cdc sd nguyen
da cua toan mang, thilt lap md hinh cai chinh (glm cai chinh sai sd ting ddi luu, tdng dien ly, quy dgo
ve tinh) Trung tam dilu khien cua lid thong NRS dupe the hien nhu hinh H.3
H.3 Trung tam di4u khiin cua he thong tram CORS
Trung tam dilu khien cua tram CORS se dam
nhipm todn bp cac cdng viec tu thu nhan tin hieu
GNSS, xu ly so lieu, cung d p so lieu cai chinh clio
cac tram ddng (ROVER) mpt each tuc thdi va luu
tru toan bp du lipu thu nhan dupe
3 Xac djnh tpa do tuyet doi tpa d0 tr^m CORS-N001 bang phan mem Bernese 5.0
Sau khi lap dat xong hp thing trgm CORS ttil mpt nhipm vg quan trpng Id phai xac dinh dupe tpa
m CANG NGHIEP MO s i 5 - 2 0 1 4
Trang 330 cua tram CORS trong h§ tpa dp WGS-84 Be
K4C djnh tpa flp cho diem tram CORS-N001, tien
hanh k i t n6i v6i 11 fflim IGS quoc te (BJFS-Bac
Kinh; SHAO-Thirpng Hal; WUHN-VO Han-Trung
qu6c: DAEJ-HSn Qu6c; PtMO-Phillppine;
NTUS-Singapore; TOMS, TNML, TWTF-Dai Loan; IISC,
LHAZ-An Dp) vi diFpc tinh trong khung quy chilu
chinh xac cao Bernese 5.0 Trong d6, cac diem
BJFS, NTUS, WUHN su dung s6 lipu thu cua GPS
va GLONASS
Bing 1 Thinh phin toa do vi sai s6 cua tram
CORS-N001 tmng h? (pa dp 1^68-84
Ten
dilm
N001
Thanh ph^n
TpadO
X
Y
Z
Gia tri tpa d9 sau binh sai -1618564.5576
5730005.6206
2278800.1280
Sai s6 RMS 0.0002 0.0004 0.0002
H.4 Sa do dlim tram CORS-N001 l<et n6i vai cic diem IGS
So lieu tram CORS dupe ket n6i t6i cac diem IGS tu rigay 24 thang 5 nam 2013 den 19 thang 6 nam 2013 co dang RInex Sir dung phSn mem Bernese 5.0 se xac djnh duac tpa d6 tram CORS-N001 va cac thanh phan sai s6 du'pc the hien 6" Bang 1 [5] Tpa dp cOa tram CORS sau khi da tlnh
toan, dupe thiSt dat trong phan mSm quan Ij trung
tam NRS-Center (H.5)
B:
/
(
station N^me 1 Nom
ID | N O O I
j e i lol
Baud 1
-Ant Type |
•^'1
x ^ - H ^ : ^
^ 1-1618564.5576
*" 1 5730005 6206
X ^ l 2278300 1280
I?'T<V2~'^^
.< 1 »
Connect Type |seivei _ ^ Type | detect-autcr
Server Port
| 2 1 0 0
.„,n„,.J.,„, 3
0
0
' \ = )
r
1
1
CD
0 1 D
a t i c a l l y _ J
p | Po,t 1 0
M„„„ 1
Logri Name |
Password 1
0 1 c
.MMSS) 121.0417964397125 NORTH |'^
>.MMSS) 1 105.462454267657 EAST | G
H 1 -0.64217040315270' '""' | ' ' BLH P FIX; I ~ Auto n
ADD 1 Delete | [ Cancel | OK 1 Backup |
Test
Restore |
H.5 Thi6t dat tga dO tr^m CORS trong phan mSm quan ly trung tam NRS-Center
Khi tiln hanh do dac, cac tram dOng ROVER
phdl la cao may 2 tiln so thu dupe tin hi#u ve tinh
GNSS va phai c6 khe d m SIM di#n thoai 3G de
nhjn s6 hl§u chinh tpa d * tif tram CORS va truyen
s6 li$u v i tram xl> ly trung tam Tpa dO ma cac tram
dOng nhan dupe cOng xac djnh trong h# tpa dp
WGS-84, sau dd dupe tlnh chuyin sang tpa dO
1VN-2000 theo cfing thCrc (1), [6]
X=AX„+k.(X'+E„.Y'-v|/o.Z');
, Y=AY„+k.(-E„.X'+Y'+o)„.Z'); (1)
' Z=AZ<,+k.(v„.X'-o)o.Y'+Z)
Trong do: X,Y,Z - Tpa dp vuong goc khong gian trong hp tpa dp VN-2000, m; X', Y', Z' - Tpa dp vuong goc khong gian trong he toa dp WGS-84, m; AXo, AYo, AZo - Cac tham so djch chuyen goc tpa
dp m; Mo, ij/o, eo - 3 goc xoay true tpa dp (g6c xoay Ole) tupng ung vdi cac true X, Y, Z, radian; K - He s6 ty Ip chieu dai giua hai hp
cac tham s6 tinh chuyen tpa dp tir h$ tpa dp WGS-84 sang hp tpa dp VN-260O cho mpt so tinh
thanh du'pc t h i hipn a Bang 2 [6] va dupe thilt dat
trong bp dieu khiln cho may thu RTK
Trang 4Bang 2 Cac tham so tlnh chuySn toa dd tir h$ toa do l/VGS-84 sang he (pa dp VN-2000
n
1
2
Tinh,
Thanh
Ha Noi
Quang
Ninh
Kinh tuyen, AXo
true 1 (m)
105° i 191.904
00" 41429
107° 1 191.904
46' 1 41429
AYo (m) 39.303
18279 39.303
18279
AZo (m) 111.450
32835 111.450
32835
Qo
(rad) 0.00928836 0.00928836
(rad) -0.0197
5479 -0.0197
5479
(rad) 0.0042
7372 0.0042
7372
k 0.999999747093722 0.999999747093722
Cac tham so tinh chuyin toa 36 nay duffc cai
dat vao may thu cua tram (Jong bing phIn mIm
EGStar 3.0 thong qua bp tJi^u khi^n tu" xa
4 Do thuc nghiem theo phiFong thuc C0R5/RTK
Khu vi/c do thu'c nghiem thuoc khu vyc moong
Chem, day la bai thyc tap cho sinh vien nganh
TrJic dia mo-Cong trinh, vi v|y day cung la dilu
kien 6& kilm tra kit qua nghien ci>u va cung d p
tai lieu thyc tap cho sinh vien Thiet bj do thu*
nghiem theo phu'ong thiic CORS/RTK la may thu 2
tin s6 S82T cua SOUTH
Tru'b'c khi tiln hanh cong tac do dac cIn phai
tiln hanh cac thao tac nhy kit nli tram dgng
ROVER VO'I tram CORS, cai dat cac thong s6 do va
cac tham sd tinh chuyin tpa dp theo khu vyc do Sau khi thilt bj thong bao cac k i t qua c^i dat da hoan tit, ngu-ai do chi viec di chuyin ma>udo va dat vao cac dilm d$c tru-ng tren dja hinh bo mo, thai gian do mpt diem vao khoang mot giay Tpa dp cua cac dilm do dyp'c lu'u try trong mpt thu' muc rieng trong bp dilu khiln cua may
do du-ai dang tep co phIn ma rOng * DAT, sau
do CO t h i chuyin sang dang tep co phIn ma rpng khac (vi du nhu- *.TXT) d l xy ly theo tirng djnh dang cua phIn mIm Tpa dp cua cac tram dpng dyp'c gyi v l trung tam dilu khiln cua h§ thing tram CORS d l quan ly, theo ddi va xi> 1^ tire thdi (H.6), vi vay qua trinh do va ve ban do
cd t h i t i l n hanh ddng thdi
H 6 Quan ly tram dong cua trung tam d'eu khiin h$ thong tram CORS
Tw tpa do cua cac diem chi tiet do dyac thong
qua phu'ong thiJc CORS/RTK, sy dung phIn mIm
do dja hinh mpt phIn khu vyc do thu'c nghiem
dypcthlhi#nnhu'H.7
De kilm tra, danh gia dp chinh xAc k i t qua do
bang phu-ang thyc CORS/RTK, trong khu vyc do
t i t ca cac dilm chi tilt d i u d y ^ c danh diu r6 rang va du'p'c do lai bing cdng nghe GPS tlnh
K i t qua do bing hai phu-ang thtic v^ chSnh l^ch
tpa dp cua cac d i l m do dyac t h i hi^n nhy il
(Bang 3)
BT CONG NGHIEP MO so 5 - 2 0 1 4
Trang 5KHOA HOC Vi CONG NGHE MD ^ ^
Bing 3 KM qui do diem song tring bSng cong nghe CORS/RTK vi GPS tinh
TT
•h'
2
3 '
166
157
158
159
160
Tpa dp GNSS (m) " "
X
J332684.151
^332703.978
2336057.763
2337879.052
2339779.664
2341736.511
2343970,726
2347180.723
Y
581387.246
581457.441
581296.270
580704.809
580715.881
580789.226
580864.161
580536.624
h 11.356 11.402 7.098
11.348 9.514 11.734 10.410 10.756
Tpa dO do CORS/RTK (m)
X 2332684.191 2332704.001 2336057.834
2337879.104 2339779.714 2341736.552 2343970.775 2347180.728
Y 581387.256 581457.493 581296.275
580704.814 580715.903 580789.214 580864.132 580535.613
H 11.371 11.371 7.065
11.298 9.586 11.691 10.432 10.718
Chanh lech tpa dO (m)
dx 0.040 0.023 0.071
0.052 0.050 0.041 0.049 0.005
dy 0.010 0.052 0.005
0.005 0.022 -0.012 -0.029 -0.011
dh 0.015 -0.031 -0.033
-0.050 0.072 -0.043 0.022 -0.038
*• + + + +
.• + + + +
5 N t \ 7 •'(•' ' '•' = =
-X " " ^ + •
=fc ^ i ^ T T -
H.7 Ban d6 thyc nghiem khu vyc nghiem
do bing phuang thirc CORS/RTK
Jit k i t qua do kilm tra a Bang tren nhan thIy
ring chdnh l^ch giu'a hai phu-ang phap do bing
cdng ngh0 CORS/RTK va GPS tTnh la khdng Idn,
vl v$y ho^n toan cd t h i i>ng dgng cong nghp nay
trong cdng tSc th^nh lap ban do khai thac a cac
md to thidn
6 K i t (uan
Cdng ngh$ trgm CORS vd-i chLPC nang do RTK
da ma ra mdt bydc tiln mdi trong ITnh trie dia
-b5n d l Vdi yu t h i v l cdng ngh? CORS/RTK da
Idm thay dli nhO-ng cdng ngh0 truyin thong trong
cdng tdc thdnh l$p ban dd, chuyin tu- cdc phyang
phdp do tTnh, do d|ng (m0t trgm chu) Id chu ylu,
da hinh thanh phyang phap do ddng theo lu-di thdi gian thyc
Mang lu-di trgm CORS giup cho cdng tac do dac ban dd dja hinh md ma khdng can phai xay dyng lydi khong chi cdc d p , ngoai ra nd con phuc vu nguyen dIt va khodng san, nghien cuu djch chuyin biln dang mat ddt do anh hu-dng cua khai thde md him Id va truot Id" bd md Id thien Cdng ngh$ CORS/RTK da lam thay ddi ca ban phu-ang phap do dac truyin thdng Phyang thLFc RTK da thay ddi e h l dp cu 1+1 truyin thong, thay vdo dd ngyd-i dung chi cIn mot tram chinh xac cao nhat
Cdng nghe trgm CORS hodn todn ddp u-ng du-ac cdc yeu cau v l dp chinh xac, dam bao cho cdc cdng tac do dac ca ban nhu- do ve ban dd dja hinh, ban dd dja chinh va cac cdng tac trie dia phuc vy khai thac md.D
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
1 Lei Wang, Wu-sheng Hu Study and Application in Road Survey on CORS Technique Procedia-Soeial and Behavioral Sciences, Volume
96, 6 November 2013, Pages 1707-1711
2 Elena Gimenez, Mattia Crespi, M Selmira Garrido, Antonio J Gil Multivariate outlier detection based on robust computation of Mahalanobis distances Application to positioning assisted by RTK GNSS Networks International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Volume 16, June 2012, Pages 94-100
3 Gao Jing-xiang Hu Hong, Advanced GNSS technology of mining deformation monitoring The
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