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Trang 1MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
VINH UNIVERSITY
DOAN THI HANH
THE EXISTENTIAL TREND
IN CONTEMPORARY VIETNAMESE POETRY
Major: Vietnamese Literature
Code: 9 22 01 21
DISSERTATION SUMMARY
Nghe An, 2022
Trang 2The dissertation was conducted and completed at Vinh University
The dissertation was defended before the Dissertation Assessment Committee
at the institutional level
Location: Vinh University
Time: At……,Day……month……… year 2022
The dissertation can be found in:
- National library of Vietnam
-Nguyen Thuc Hao Center for Information -library, Vinh University
Trang 31
PREFACE
1 Reason for choosing the topic
1.1 Literature and art in general and poetry in particular always move and develop in certain historical and cultural contexts The Contemporary
dramatically changed and has gained many remarkable achievements Existentialism is a trend that gives poetry of this period many unique creations, from the sensory aspects of life, human and writing techniques
1.2 The root of existentialism was created from existential philosophy, one of the great philosophical movements of the twentieth century The absorption of the influence of existentialism in the contemporary Vietnamese poetry is not only in various authors and literary works but also in the depth
of perception and thought that created a remarkable phenomenon as a milestone marking the renewal of national poetry
1.3 In reality, there has been some different opinions about the assessment of existential trends in contemporary Vietnamese poetry In our thesis, the researchers would like to investigate the nature of the problem, starting from philosophical concepts in order to see a dramatic change in creative thinking and aesthetic sense of the contemporary poets that help to contribute in affirming the existence of this tendency and to give the readers
a clear, accurate and concise view
2 Purpose and tasks of research
2.2 Research mission
2.2.1 Overviewing, evaluating the existential trend in contemporary
Trang 42 Vietnamese poetry and establish the basic methodology to complete the thesis
2.2.2 Focusing on Vietnamese poetry from 1986 to the present, classifying and identifying the existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
2.2.3 Surveying, analyzing and clarifying the characteristics of existential trend in the contemporary Vietnamese poetry in terms of expressive content
2.2.4 Surveying, analyzing, and giving a general review of some characteristics of the existential tendency in contemporary Vietnamese poetry in terms of art of words in literary
Finally, some conclusions are suggested in the thesis about the role and socio-aesthetic significance of the existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
3 Objects and scope of research
3.1 Research subjects
The topic focuses on researching the existential tendency in
contemporary Vietnamese poetry
3.2 Research scope
Based on the all-contemporary Vietnamese poetry, the thesis focuses
on typical poems relating to existential tendency
The study utilized a number of literary works from 1986 up to know to deal with existential inspiration of typical contemporary Vietnamese poets: Nguyen Quang Thieu, Mai Van Phan, Truong Dang Dung, Inrasara, Vi Thuy Linh, Ly Hoang Ly, Pham Thi Ngoc Lien, Doan Thi Lam Luyen, Phan Huyen Thu,…
4 Research Methodology
To complete the thesis “A study on the existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry”, the thesis is used a combination of various research methods as follows:
4.1 Historical method:
Trang 53 The historical method is guidelined to identify the evolution of contemporary Vietnamese poetry in the process of absorbing and creating some great imprints of existentialism
4.4 Typological method
This method is used to approached, evaluate, and interpret the issues investigated according to the characteristics of the ideological typology and genre typology
4.5 Interdisciplinary research method
The method is used to approach information from some disciplines of specialized knowledge such as: culture study, philosophy, psychology, linguistics in order to refer and to shed light on the investigated issues in the thesis
4.6 Structural-systemic method
This method is used to consider the research object in various aspects
as well as in many different relationships in the progress of literary development in order to find out the essential features and the law of motion
of the content studied in the thesis
5 New contributions of the thesis
- The thesis focuses on researching the existential trend in
contemporary Vietnamese poetry with systematic and specific study
- The thesis is not also reinterpreted the characteristic points of existential philosophy for the purpose of identification in contemporary Vietnamese poetry but also has more or less highlighted some remarkable
Trang 64 comments on the receiving and applying process of existentialism in
Vietnam over the past half century
- The thesis presets, affirms and identifies the existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry based on using a combination of a number
of literary methods such as culture study poetic method, etc
- Based on analyzing and evaluating the large number of great works of typical poets, the thesis affirms the presence of existentialist tendencies in contemporary Vietnamese poetry with characteristic features in terms of both expressive content and the art of organized words
- The results of the thesis will be a useful reference for researching and teaching of modern literature at schools
Chapter 3 Some basic features of existentialist trend in contemporary
Vietnamese poetry from the content expression
Chapter 4 Some main features of existentialist trend in contemporary
Vietnamese poetry from the art form
Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND
THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE TOPIC 1.1 An overview on research problem
1.1.1 Research works on existentialism and manifestations of
existentialism in modern Vietnamese literature
1.1.1.1 Introduction of existentialism, the relationship between
existentialism and modern Vietnamese literature
Trang 75 Within the scope of the thesis data collection, the research has focused
on the following basic issues:
First, the statistical results in the thesis have tried to approach a definition of existentialism because it is a complex movement which expressed in the form of irrational thinking dealing with unfamiliar thought and words
Second, the studies have confirmed that existentialism is one of the earliest adopted ideologies that has a far-reaching influence in the South of Vietnam
Third, the researchers state as a fact the natural and close relationship between the movement in philosophy and the literature in general and literary creation in particular When compared to other genres, poetry has
"advantages" in expressing existential ideology
1.1.1.2 Research works on the expression of existentialism in modern Vietnamese literature
The vast of research works have confirmed that existentialism appeared
in Saigon in the fifties of the twentieth century Although originating from the Western nations, when entering in Vietnam, this movement was restructured with indigenous elements, appealed to intellectual and reached its peak in the South of Vietnam After 1975, especially after 1986, the dramatical changes of the country after the war led to a change in thinking, perception, and deep exploration into the human being that created a premise
of rising existentialism
There have also been a number of studies by researchers into various fields of existentialism recently Some critics have harshly criticized existentialist literature Contrary to this opinion, the others have objective views when approaching existentialist thought In general, these researchers considered existentialism as an expression in reflections on the movement of national literature They stated that existentialism refers to the sadness, the reactions to reality of intellectual and artists They asserted existentialism is a philosophical theory approaching humanism because it is concerned the
Trang 86 nature of the human destiny
To sum up, with the change of society and real life, after 1986, a lot of authors had a more thorough understanding of existentialism
1.1.2 Research works on the existential thought and existential trends in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
1.1.2.1 Studies on inspiration and existential thought in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
In general, some research works on existentialism in contemporary Vietnamese poetry is still very sporadic and isolated Referring to this issue, there have been many criticisms, articles or master's theses Through these research works, the great influence of existential thought has created a composing tendency in the poetry of different generations of writers
1.1.2.2 Research works on existential trends in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
The title of this thesis is "A study on existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry", therefore, "trend", "existential trend" "contemporary Vietnamese poetry" have become the key words and phrases of the research topic The concept of trend is made of a group of writers who share a common idea of creation and ideology in sense perception of the reality in writing style The term is based on philosophic and aesthetic field It is said that the existential trend was shown in many valuable works of some well-known authors whose works have expressions and nuances of existentialism Thus, the concept of existential trend is broader than the concept of existential sensibility In general, there has not been an elaborate research and discussion on existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry in a systematic, comprehensive and in-depth studies in this area
1.2 Some theoretical issues related to the topic
1.2.1 Existentialism
Existentialism was a philosophical theory which formed before World War I, was most influential in the World War II, emphasizes individual existence and its relationship with the world Human life can only be
Trang 97 understood through the individual's existence, that is, through each person's experience, commitment in life Each person creates his own world,
"personal life" and define their own meaning in life The birth of existentialism is an inevitable social phenomenon, after a wide range of studies on the origin of the universe, on perception, the problem of the human condition, the relationship between the individual and the society, between freedom and necessity were interested in by philosophers and writers Those are related to intimate, practical, "existential" issues with the modern people
1.2.2 Some theoretical issues related to the existential trend in Vietnamese literature
Psychoanalytic theory
Psychoanalytic theory studied the inner of personality and personality development in order to find appropriate solutions for the external manifestations of the objective, which are expressed in human behaviors whose influence on moral and social values First laid out by Sigmund Freud – an Austrian psychiatrist in the late 19th
century Intertextual theory
Intertextual theory is a system of discourses about texts in an attempt to shed light on problems with texts Because existentialism is considered one
of the most difficult philosophies to understand, therefore, using intertextual theory will contribute to decipher some contradictory concepts, abstract concepts that are new and quite strange to readers
Theory of the typological studies - literary genres and trends
The typology is interested in the regular characteristics that have dominance in the forming and developing of a phenomenon or a group of literary phenomena The typology studies clearly indicate an aesthetic community in poetry
Trends in literature refers to the phenomenon defined by a group of writers who share an origin or style of thought (in regards to form, ideologies, themes, and expressions) which express the people’s sense of
Trang 108 self-esteem in their works By investigating the various approaches to poetic trends, the movement and development have been a focus on the poetry
Dealing with some concepts and categories of modern poetic theory, the thesis centers on the key concepts of modern poetic theory such as: artistic conception of people, artistic time, art space, structure of works, how
to organize literary works
Sub-conclusion 1
Existentialism is a form of philosophical movement that flourished in the West which have become a popular movement towards the end of World War II There have been various research works on existentialism of prestigious scholars in Vietnam and in over the world These research works have given readers a clear view of existentialism and its presence in Vietnam The eexistential imprints are shown in a lot of literary works as an evident and abundant in period 1955-1975 in the South when there was the reflection of existential philosophy - aesthetics In the period after 1986, in the social context with new historical conditions, existentialism has re-emerged and has had a far-reaching influence in poetry and social life Many composing contemporary Vietnamese poetry imbued with existentialist themes in this period
Chapter 2 IDENTIFYING EXISTENTIAL TRENDS IN COMTEMPORARY
VIETNAMESE POETRY 2.1 Overview of contemporary Vietnamese poetry and the classification of poetic trends
2.1.1 Overview of contemporary Vietnamese poetry
In period after 1986 up to now, contemporary Vietnamese poetry has affirmed its efforts after a long -term development The historical context of the new era requires the poet’s view of life to make profound changes in their artistic thinking One of these changes is that contemporary poets have received new and modern ideas of the world, including the influence of
Trang 119 existentialism The appearance of existential poetry has contributed to create the diversity and complexity in the life of national poetry in particular, literature and art in general
2.1.2 The classification of contemporary Vietnamese poetry trends
Due to different systems and research purposes, the classification will
be identified in different genres of poetry In this thesis, based on the limitation of the scope of the research topic, we center on the classification
of contemporary Vietnamese poetry trend according to the criteria of main creative inspiration The topic is interested and classified in the inspiration of creative thought and focus the analysis mainly on the trend of existential inspiration
2.1.3 On the theoretical basis for determining the presence of existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
2.1.3.1 Research on theoretical basis
In Vietnam, existential thought in literature and poetry became common to recognize of literary thinking in social life A wide range of philosophical movements and philosophical ideas have appeared to affirm human existence, basis human emotions anger, fear, happiness and love These ideas associated with existentialism
2.1.3.2 Research on practical basis
Existential elements have been a prominent emphasis on contemporary Vietnamese poetry From the social context, many poets took up pen to the real-life issues The novelty of contemporary Vietnamese poetry is in the poet's feelings in current life Human inner mind is expressed deeply in poetry Humans are interested in many aspects such as: sense of being human; lonely people before the absurdity, nausea with reality; committed and rebellious people; people in relation to others
With the presence of many famous generations of poets, the picture of contemporary Vietnamese poetry has shaped diversity and abundance The names of poets of the 7x, 8x, and 9x generations have all contributed to the formation of existentialist trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry such as
Trang 1210 Bui Giang, Hoang Hung, Luu Quang Vu, Xuan Quynh, Hoang Cam, and Le Dat, Tran Dan, Duong Tuong, Doan Thi Lam Luyen, Du Thi Hoan, Nguyen Quang Thieu, Mai Van Phan, Inrasara, Truong Dang Dung Moreover, many poets matured in their writing style after the year 1986 such as Vi Thuy Linh, Ly Hoang Ly, Duong Kieu Minh, Phan Huyen Thu, Cat Du, Dinh Thi Thu Van Each poet has varieties of their own style and tone in works, but they have formed a poets grouped together dealing with the artistic thinking and aesthetic sense in sense of existentialism
2.2 The appearance of existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
2.2.1 Research works on cultural, social and aesthetic premises of the appearance of existentialist trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
2.2.1.1 Socio-cultural premises
Dealing with the cause of the forming of existentialism, there have been many discussions and explanations, such as overemphasis on the role of science and technology, response to rationalism of Western society, due to wars, some changes, contradictions, and irreconcilable crises in society which bring doubts and insecurities to people about life All these factors, directly or indirectly influenced the making of existentialism
2.2.1.2 Literary and aesthetic premise
After the year 1986, Vietnam has greatly expanded its exchanges with the world Many ideological and cultural flows were moved into Vietnam The change in literary thinking of many writers have led to an inevitable change in thinking carefully about absurdity, bleak meaninglessness and monotony of life when people cannot be themselves Existentialism arose as
a reaction against rationalism Changes in the creator's perception, especially
on ontological queries answering the questions: Who am I? Where do I come
from? is the clearest and most fundamental expression of the existentialist
trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
2.2.2 Appearance and movement of the existentialist trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
Trang 1311
2.2.2.1 Appearance of existential trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
Regarding the composing writing in Vietnamese poetry after the year
1986, many generations of poets converged on a large group with creative style diversity
Regarding the aesthetic sensibility of the composing writing, poetry was continuing to follow the poetic flow of traditional poetry, however the developing of contemporary poetry in the era of peace and reunification has some points of difference These are objective factors that are consistent with the movement of national poetry
2.2.2.2 The movement of the existentialist trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry
After the period 1986, the perception of people in contemporary Vietnamese poetry has also been changed Like literature in general, poetry
is concerned with varied aspects of human inner The individual ego rises and deals with the demands of reality which is the premise to create a new conception of reality with the existential consciousness of contemporary Vietnamese poetry
2.2.3 The position of existentialism in contemporary
Vietnamese poetry
Existentialism plays a central role in the existentialist trend in contemporary Vietnamese poetry Because existentialism is a philosophical movement that deals with "the central issue is the human" Existentialism itself always concerned about the human condition, so the expressions of existentialism in poetry are often focused on the problematic character of the human situations through which the individual is continually confronted with diverse in life
Sub-conclusion 2
After the period 1975, especially after the year 1986, the historical and social and literary premises have created the great conditions for the reappearance of existentialism which led to the making of a remarkable trend