DE XUAT HE THONG CHU DE DlT AN TRONG DAY HOC DIA LI 12 TRUNG HOC PHO THONG NGUYEN Difc VC Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm Dgi hgc Hui NGUYEN THI KIM LIEN PHAM THJ THUY HANG Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm TP Ho Chi Minh[.]
Trang 1DE XUAT HE THONG CHU DE DlT AN
TRONG DAY HOC DIA LI 12 TRUNG HOC PHO THONG
NGUYEN Difc VC Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm - Dgi hgc Hui NGUYEN THI KIM LIEN - PHAM THJ THUY HANG Trudng Dgi hgc Suphgm TP Ho Chi Minh
Tom tat: Bai bao tap trung phan tich sir tuang hpp giiia npi dung ehucmg
trinh Dia Ii 12 vofi phuang phap day hpc theo dy an, tii do dl xuit he thdng chii de du an trong d^y hpc Dia H 12 TCr he thong chii dh nay, cac giao vien Dia li se thiet lap Chu de du an dia li phu hgp vai hoe sinh a timg dia
phuang eu the
Ttt kh6a: Phuang phap d&y hoc theo du an/Day hpc du an (DHDA), Chii dl
du an, Chu dl du an dia h', Dia li 12
I D A T V A N D E
Day hgc theo huong phat trien nang luc nguai hgc la dinh huang chung trong chiln luge doi mai can ban va toan dien nen giao due nuac ta hien n a y , the hien trong ca ba mat: doi mai ngi dung, chuang trinh sach giao khoa; phuang phap day hgc; kilm tra danh gia Van ban "Chien luge phat trien giao due giai doan 2011 - 2020" da chi ro c4n phai "Thyc hien doi mai chuong trinh va SGK tir sau nam 2015 theo dinh huang phat trien nang lyc cho hgc sinh ", "Tiep tuc doi mai phuang phap d?y hgc va danh gia ket qua hgc tap, ren luyen theo huong phat huy tinh tich eye, tu giac chii dgng, sang tao va nang lyc ty hgc cua nguoi hoc" [I]
Nhom phuang phap dgy hpc tich eye la lya chpn uu tien trong dinh hucmg day hpc phat trien nang luc nguai hgc [2] Trong do Day hgc dy an (Project Work/Project
Method/Project Based Leaming) vai cac dac trung can ban: Djnh huang vdo hoc sinh, dinh huang vdo thuc tien, dinh huang vdo sdn phdm the hien ro kha nang phat huy cao
nang lyc ciia nguai hgc
Xac dinh cac chii de dy an la khau dau tien trong thiet ke mgt dy an day hgc Xac dinh cac chd de dy an phu hgp vai dac trung bp mon, vai hung thii va dieu kien cua hgc sinh (HS), vai yeu ciu ciia thyc tien la tien de ca ban ciia cac du an noi chung va dy an dia
li noi rieng
2 KHAI N E M DAY HQC DU" AN
Dgy hgc dy an la mpt hinh thiic day hpc hoac mot phuang phap day hgc phiic hgp trong do duai sy hudng dan cua giao vien, nguai hgc tiep thu kien thiic va hinh thanh
ky nang thong qua viec giai quyet mgt bai tap tinh huong (dy an) co that (hoac gia dinh nhu that) trong thyc tien, theo sat chuang trinh hgc, co sy ket hgp giiia ly thuyet vai thyc hanh va tao ra cac san pham cu the Nguoi hgc tham gia vao hau het cac khau trong T^p chi Khoa hpc vi Giao dye Tnrong D^ii hoc Sir pham Hu^
Trang 2(31
NGUYEN DUC VO va cs
qua trinh thirc hien du an tir viec xac dinh muc dich, lap ke hoach, djn viec thirc hien
ki6m tra dieu chinh, danh gia qua trinh \k ket qua thirc hien Lam vi^c nhom, de cao su
hgp tac giura cac ca nhan dugc xem la hinh thuc ca ban cua day hoc du an
3 CAC GIAI DOAN CUA DAY HOC DlT AN
Bu-ffc 1: Xac dinh chu de du an/Chpn De tai
Giao vien xac dinh trong chuong trinh hpc tap cac noi dung ca ban co lien quan hoac co
the ling dung vao thuc te; phat hien nhihig gi tuang_ ung da va dang xay ra trong cupc
song, chu y vao nhiing van de lgn ma xa hpi va the giai dang quan tam Sau do, giao
vien xac dinh y tuong du an thong qua vi8c giai thieu mpt so huang cua de tai de HS tu
chpn hoac de tai co the xuat phat tir ngxtai hpc
Birffc 2: Xay dung de cuong dir an
Giao vien hucmg dan nguai hpc xac dinh muc tieu, nhiem vu, each tien hanh, ke hoach
thuc hien du an; xac dinh nhimg cong viec can lam, phan cong cong viec trong nhom
thai gian du kien vat lieu, kmh phi
Bu-6'c 3: Thuc hien dir an
Cac thanh vien trong nhom thuc hien ke hoach da de ra cho nhom va ca nhan Cac hoat
dpng tri tue va boat dpng thuc hanh, thuc tien xen ke va tac dpng qua lai vgi nhau KiSn
thirc li thuyet phuang an giai quyet vin dJ dupc thir nghiem qua thuc tien va san phin
dugc tao ra
Buwc 4: Bao cao ket qua
Ket qua thuc hien du an co the dugc vi6t dual dang an phim (Ban tin, bao, ap pbich, thu
ho^ch, bao cao, kich ban, cim nang, tap sach ) va co thj dugc trinh bay tren Power
Point, hoac thiet k6 thanh trang Web San phim cua dir an co the dugc trinh bay giua
cac nhom nguoi hpc, giai thieu truoc lop, trong Uucmg hay ngoai xa hpi
Bn*c 5: Danh gia du an, nit kinh nghiem
Giao vien va nguoi hpc danh gia qua trinh thuc hien va ket qua du an nit ra nhitng kmh
nghiem cho viec thuc hien cac du an tiSp theo Ket qua du an co th8 duac danh gia tir
ben ngoai
4 CACH XAC DINH CAC CHU DE DUAN TRONG M O T MON HOC
Co nhieu miic dp thia kS du an khac nhau Du an co thS duac thuc hien tron ven trong
mQt bai day ciing co the chi tich hgp dugc phin quan trong nhit trong bai hoac mot
phan nao do co hen quan; du an con co the xuyen su6t mot s6 bai, mot chuang hojc
mgt so chuang •
CM de bai day thuong la ten cua mpt du an hpc tap Chu dl bai day thucmg xuit phat til
npi dung bai hgc co hen quan true tiep hoac gian tiip din nhiing vin di thuc tiln trong
cupc song, nhung van de dugc xa hpi, the gioi quan tam hoac nhiJng vin dl rieng cua
Trang 3moi quan he hai chieu Co the di tir ngi dung bai day den thuc tien, hoac ngugc lai Giao vien co the de xuat mgt chu de lon/tong quat, neu y tuang dy an, cac nhom hgc sinh se tu de xuat cac chu de rieng cua nhom lien quan tryc tiep den chii de giao vien da dua ra
Vi du: Bai 17, SGK Dia li 12: Lao dgng vd viec ldm, co muc 3 Van di viec ldm vd huang gidi quyet viec ldm la van de kinh te - xa hgi lan ciia dat nuac, cua timg dia
phuang cu the, dac biet cua cac thanh nien truac nguong cira vao doi Thanh nien c ^ phai nam bat tiem nang lao dpng va nhu cau lao dgng cua dia phuang, ciia dat nuac, xac dinh dugc so truang ciia ban than de chgn dugc huor^ di phii hgp Tir do, hinh thanh chii de dy an: Thanh nien vcri van de huang nghiep
Tir chii de do, cac nhom hgc smh lap I2B8 truang THPT Long Thanh, huyen Long
Thanh, tinh Dong Nai da lya chgn cac Chu de: 1 Tiim ndng lao dong vd viec ldm tai huyen Long Thdnh 2 Lao dong huyen Long Thdnh - Hien tgi vd tuang lai 3 Long Thanh - thi truang lao dgng day bien dong 4 Long Thdnh - Ddt Idnh lieu chim co ddu ?
5 KHA NANG XAY DLTNG/THIET L A P CAC CHU DE DLT AN TRONG CHlTONG TRINH DIA LI 12, THPT
5.1 Cau
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
true chung chuong trinh Dia li 12
Don vi kien thirc/Noi dung
Viet Nam tren duong doi mdi va hpi nhap
Dia li tu nhien
Dja li dan cu
Dia li kinh te
Dia li dia phuang
On tap va ki6ni tra
s6 tiet
1
14
4
24
2
S
Bdi ma ddu (bdi 1) nham giai thieu boi canh quoc te va trong nuac, nhiing thanh tyu dat
dugc trong cong cugc Doi mai va nhimg dinh huang chinh de dat nuac tiep tuc doi mai
va hgi nhap
Phdn Bia li tu nhien Viet Nam de cap den vi tri dia li, lanh tho Viet Nam, cac dac diem
chung ciia thien nhien Viet Nam (dit nuac nhieu doi niii , thien nliien chiu anh huong sau s4c cua bien, thien nhien nhiet dai am gio miia , thien nhien phan hoa da dang ), bao
ve tai nguyen va moi truang Cac dac diem nay dugc van dung trong nghien ciiu cac bai
ve dia li kinh te nganh va kinh te vimg trong pMn sau ciia chuang trinh
Dia li ddn cu de cap den nliiing dac diem ca ban ve dan cu, sy phan bo dan cu; lao dgng
va viec lam; do thi hoa ; chat lugng cugc song cua dan cu hien nay Ngoai viec nhan
manh dan cu vira la lyc lugng san xuat, vira la lyc lugng tieu thu, con cho HS nhan thiic dugc rang: viec nang cao chat lugng cupc song cua dan cu la la muc tieu xa hgi cua
Trang 4Dia li cdc ngdnh kinh ti dugc bit diu tir cai nhm t6ng quan ve sy chuj^en dich ca cau cua nen kinh xL Tren n6n cua ba khu vyc kinh xk Ion: Nong, lam iighiep va thiiy san; cong nghiep va xay dung; dich \n, cac vin di phat trien va phan bo cac nganh kinh Je
da dugc lya chgn dl phan tich, t6ng hgp Nhihig kien thiic dugc chgn lgc de HS hieu dugc ca ciu ngknh cua nSn kinh t8 la nen tang de HS nim viing dugc cac van de phat tri8n kinh te-xa hgi cua vimg
Ddi v&i cdc vitng kinh ti, chuang yinh chi de cap den cac yin de tieu bieu, dugc lya chgn tir rat nhiSu vin dk phai giai quySt cua cac vimg lanh th6 nuac ta, co ban chat dia li
ro net va co y nghia lau dai Vin dk phat triSn kinh te, an ninh, qu6c phong bien va dao,
quin dao dugc chii trpng trong chuang trinh hien hanh
Dia li dia phuang HS chuan bi va viet bao cao cac chu de ve dia h tinh hoac thanh pho
5.2 Kha nang thi^t lap cac chu de du- an trong chu-ong trinh Dia U 12 THPT
ciu tnic chuang ttinh va ngi dung Dia li lop 12 la ca so rit thuan lgi de phat hien ya
xay dyng cac chii dkldk tai - phin cot loi trong cac dy an day hpc ''Dia li 12 duoc cdu tao theo cdc dan vi kiin thuc lan sdp xip theo logic ciia khoa hoc vd phii hap vai logic cua qud trmh dgy hoc" [5, h 4] Do do, v8 mat tong the, co the xay dung it nhit mot de
tai dua tren timg dan \ i kien thiic lan, don gian vi tit ca deu la nhimg van de tliyc tien ciia dit nuac V8 mat chi ti8t, co the xay dyng nhieu de tai khac nhau cho timg dan vi kiln thiic cu the Rieng phan Dia li dia phuang, co the thiet lap timg du an cho 63 tinh thanh trong ca nuoc chua ke den viec phan nhanh cac cap chu de dia li dia phuang nho han trong moi tinh thanh
Co the khing dinh npi dung chuang ttmh Dia li 12 (Dia li Viet Nam) la dia chi phii hgp nhat de xac dinh cac Chii de dy an dia li vai cac npi dung da dang, da chieu va phong phii
5.3 De xuat he thong Chu de dy an Dia li 12
Tren co so van dung li thuyet ve DHDA vao ngi dung chuong trinh, SGK Dia li 12; ket hgp vai thuc tien ty nhien, dan cu va phat trien kinh tl - xa hpi cua dat nuac, co thi dl xuat mgt so Chii de dy an Dia H 12 nhu sau:
HE THONG CHIJDE DUAN DIA Li 12 THPT
STT
I
2
Bai hoc,
Chuong
Bai 2- Vi tri
dia li, pham
vi lanh tho
Bai 8 Thien
nhien chiu
Noi dung van
dung
Toan bai
Muc 2 Anh
Chu de du an Toi yeu Viet Nam/
Viet Nam dit nude men yeu
Bien Dong - nhOng rui
Y tuong dy an Xac dinh vi tri dia ti va pham vi lanh tho cda Vidt Nam - Tim hieu vin de bao ve chu quyen lanh tho va phat huy the manh cua Vi tri dia li Vidt Nam Tim hieu cac logi thien
Trang 53
4
5
6
7
8
9
anh hucmg
sau sac cua
bien
Bai 14 Sir
dung va bao
veTNTT
Bai 15 Bao
vemoi
truong va
phong
chong thien
tai
Bai 15 Bao
vemoi
truong va
phong
chong thien
tai
Bai 15 Bao
V? moi
truang va
phong
chong thien
tai
Bai 17 Lao
dpng va
viec lam
Chuang:
Dia li dan
cu
Bai 24: Van
dl phat trien
thuy san va
lam nghiep
Dong den thien
nhien
Muc la Tai
nguyen rimg
Muc 2: Sir dung
va bao ve tai
n ^ y e n dat
Muc 1 Bao ve
moi tnrcmg
Muc 2b Ngap
lilt
Muc 2 Mot so
thidn tai chu
ylu va bien
phap phong
chong
Muc 3 Van de
viec Iam va
hucmg giai
quyet viec lam
Toan chuang
Muc 1 Nganh
thuy san
- Nhime dieu em chua biet
Dat la hai tha - Rimg
la con tim
Hanh dpng vi mdi trucmg hom nay - Ben vihig tuong lai ngay mat
Que em bien nude liic trieu len/Song chung vcri lut —Noi long biet
to cimg ai
Khi thien nhien noi giSn/Chung song -chien dau vcri hiem hoa
Udc ma toi - Tuong lai toi/
Ban la ngudi tao ra tuong lai/Thanh nien vdi van de hudng nghiep
Do thi hoa dan so Lao dpng Viec lam -Tim dau mot mau so chung
v i n de phat trien nganh thuy san Dong bang song Cihi Long
phap nhan biet - thich nghi - phong tranh Van dung vao mot dia phuang
cu the Tim hien trang rimg va hien trang sir dung dat cua ca nuac thai gian gan day Van dung vao mpt dia phuang cu the Tim hieu van de 6 nhiem mdi trudng tai mot dja phuang cu the - Hien trang Nguyen nhan -Giai phap Tim hieu vin de ngap nude do trilu cudng d mot s6 khu vuc thuoc TP HCM
Tim hidu van de thien tai tren thi gidi, thien tai d Viet Nam va tai mdt dia phuang cu the - Diu hidu nhan biet va bien phap phong tranh Tim hidu van de Lao dong va vide Iam trong ca nude va d mdt dia phuang cu thd; Hidn trang - Giai phap
Tim hidu moi quan h$ giira Dd thj hda vdi Din
so Lao dong va Viec lam trong ca nude va tai mgt dia phuang cu the: Hidn trang Nguyen nhan -Giai phap Tim hidu viec nudi trdng mot so thiiy san quan trpng d DB sdng Cuu Long: Hidn trang
Trang 6-10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Bai 24: Van
de phat trien
thuy san va
lam n ^ i d p
Bai 27 Van
de phat tridn
mot sd
nganh CN
trpng diem
Bai 30: Van
dd phat hien
giao thong
van tai va
thong tin
lien lac
Bai 31: Van
dl ph^t tridn
thucmg mgi
du ljch
Bai 36
Bai 37
Bai 41
Bai 42
Bai 42
Muc 2 Lam
nghiep
Muc 1 Cdng
nghidp nang
luang
Muc 1 Giao
thdng van tai
Muc 2 Du lich
Toan bai Tap
trung vao Muc
2 PhatUnen
tong hop kinh
td bien
Toan bai Tap
trung vao Muc
2 Phat tridn
cay cong
nghidp lau nam
Toan bai - Tap
tmng vao Muc
3 Su dung hgp
Ii va cai tao tu
nhidn d DB
song Cuu Long
Toan bai Tap
trung vao Muc
la Muc 2 va
Muc 4
Muc 3 Khai
Biic tudng xanh \'ihig chac
CN nang lugng - Tidn
de cho su phat trien cong nghidp - nhu cau tdi thidt cua cupc song
Giao thdng van tai -Nen tang cua su phat trien
Viet Nam - ve dep bat tan/Viet Nam - ve dep tiim in
Da Nang - hon ngpc quy cua Duyen hai Nam Trung Bd
Tay Nguydn-midn dat hiia
Sii dung cai tao tu nhien d DB sdng Ciiu Long - Hat gao lang ta
Bidn Ddng - Td Qudc
- Me hidn
Bien dao que hucme
Tim hidu rimg ng|ip m|n
c i n Gid: Vai trd - Hi^n trang - Hudng phdt tridn Tim hidu nganh CN n ^ g lupng va mdi quan he
mat thidt givia 2 phan
nganh chinh trong CN nang lugng Van dung vao mdt dia phuang cy thi
Tim hieu h? thdng GTVT Viet Nam va mdi quan hd giiia phat trien KT - XH vdi sir phat trien h? thdng GTVT Van diing vao mdt dia phuang cy the Tim hieu tiem nSng du lich VN - Phuong each
phat huy \h huyen ba ddn
cdng ddng the gidi Thir thilt kl mOt tour du ljch tai dia phuong Tim hieu vai u-6 hat nhan,
tiem nang kinh tl bidn vk
hudng phat tridn ciia TP
Da Ning trong vimg DH NTB
Tim hidu thd manh trong phat tridn cay CN lau nam d Tay Nguydn Giai phap cho hudng phat tridn ben vimg Tim hidu vai trd va thi manh trong san xuat lua gao cua DB SCL so vdi
ca nude Giai phap cho hudng phat tridn ben vung
Tim hieu pham vi chu quyen lanh thd ciia Vi?t Nam trong khu vuc biln Ddng Giai phap bao v?
chu quyen iSnh tho bin vihig
Tim hidu the manh \k
J
Trang 719
20
Bai 44, 45
Chuang Dia
li vimg va
dia li Dia
phucmg
thac tdng hgp
kinh te bidn dao
Toan bai
Dia li viing +
Dia li dia
phucmg
Qud huong tdi - hon ngoc vidn ddng Chii dl tiiay ddi theo timg dia phucmg cu thd Vi du: Tan Bidn -Tay Ninh trong viing Ddng Nam Bd
kha nang khai thac tdng
h i ^ cac tai nguydn viing bidn va hai dao V ^ dung vao mdt dia phuang
cu the Tim hieu viet bao cao vd
5 chu da dia li TP HCM Tim hieu van dd dja li dia phuang trong mot viing kinh te
6 KET LUAN
Xac dinh cac chii d l du an, y tuang dy an la budc khdi dau quan trpng trong thiet ke va
to chiic thyc hien cac dy an hgc tap Dia li lop 12 (Dia li Viet Nam) THPT vdi dac trung rieng ve ngi dung chuang trinh la dia chi rat phii hgp de xac lap cac chii de dy an dia li Tiiy theo dia phuang, tuy theo dieu kien cu the cua timg trudng, giao vien dia li lya chpn, xac dinh mgt hoac mgt vai dy an (nho hoac ldn, dan gian hoac phiic tap) hudng
dan hgc sinh thuc hien Cac chii d l dk xuat d tren chi co tinh chat tham khao, la nhiing
ggi y thiet thyc de giao vien dia li xac lap chu de dy an phu hgp nhat vdi dieu kien cu the cua hgc sinh, cua trudng ldp va cua dia phuang minh
Thilt k l va td chuc thyc hien cac dy an dia li dii dan gian hay phiic tap deu gdp phin hudng hgc smh quan tam den nhiing van de thiet thyc cua dia phuang, cua dat nude; y thirc han ve vai tro cua ban than ddi vdi que huang, td quoc; tao dieu kien thyc sy cho hgc sinh hpc qua lam (Leaming by Doing) Qua dd, cac nang lyc hanh dpng, nang luc sang tao dugc hinh thanh va phat trien
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Chiln luge phat tridn giao due giai doan 2011 - 2020 ban hanh kem Quydt dinh so
71I/QD-TTgngay 13/6/2012
[2] Dang Van Dire - Nguydn Thi Thu Hing (2004) Phuang phdp dgy hgc Dia li theo hu&ng tich cue, NXB Dai hpc Su pham
[3] Cdng ty Intel (2009) Chuang trinh day hgc cda Intel - Khda hgc ca bdn, NXB Tdng
hgp TP HCM
[4] Nguydn Thi Kim Lien Mai Thj Chuydn, Pham Thi Thuy Hang (2012) Dgy hoc theo
du dn vd khd nang gido due kT ndng song cho hoc sinh thdng qua mdn Dia li 12, THPT, Ki ylu hpi thao Dia li toan qudc lin thii 6, Hud 30/9/2012, NXB Khoa hpc ty
nhidn va cdng nghe, tr 1035-1044
[5] Le Thdng (Tdng chii bien), Nguyin Vidt Thinh (Chu bidn), Nguyin Kim Chuang,
Pham Xuan Hau, Dang Duy Lgi Pham Thi Sen, Phi Cdng Viet (2011) Sdch gido khoa Dia li 12, Sdch gido viin Dia li 12 NXB Giao due Viet Nam
Trang 8Title: PROPOSING A SYSTEM OF PROJECT TOPICS IN TEACHING GEOGRAPHY FOR
12™ GRADE IN HIGH SCHOOLS
Abstract: The article focuses on anylizing the compatibility of content of Geography 12 with the theory of Project Based Leaming to propose a system of Project Topics via the subject of Geography 12 in high school From those topics Geography teachers could create Geography projects diat are suitable to their students, schools and locals
Ke>'words: Project Based Learning, Project Topics, Geography Project Topics, Geography 12
PGS TS NGUYEN DUG VU
Vien Nghien cihi Giao due, Trucmg Dai hoc Su pham - Dai hgc Hu6
ThS NGUYEN TH] KJM LIEN
Khoa Dja li Tnrong Dai hoc Su pham TP H6 Chi Minh
PHAM TH] THUY HANG
Sinh vien Khoa Dja li, Truong Dai hoc Su phara TP H6 Chi Minh