TRUCJNG DAI HOC DONG THAP Tap chf Khoa hpc so 141^ 2015) ^ / T 6 CHlfC DAY HOC M 6 N GIAO DyC HOC NGHE NGHI^ ? THEO DENfH Hl/C^NG HQC TAP D^A TRI N VAN DE TAI TRlTCfNG DAI HQC Si/ PHAM KY THUAT VINH L[.]
Trang 1^ / T 6 CHlfC DAY HOC M 6 N GIAO DyC HOC NGHE NGHI^:? THEO DENfH Hl/C^NG HQC TAP D^A TRI:N VAN DE
TAI TRlTCfNG DAI HQC Si/ PHAM KY T H U A T VINH LONG
• ThS Nguy§n Minh TrungC' Tom tat
Bdi bdo trinh bdy ve kit qud nghiin eiiu to ehUe dgy hge mon Gido due hgc nghi nghiip theo dinh hudng hgc tap dua tren vdn de tgi TrUdng Dgi hgc Suphgm Ky thudt Vinh Long Kit qud nghien eUu eUa di tdi Id mot hi thong gdm 14 vdn de dUffe thiet ki theo dinh hUdng hge tap dua trin vdn de dung trong dgy hge mon Gido due hgc nghi nghiip; cde sd lieu ehiing minh tinh hiiu qud eiia viec td ehUe dgy hgc mon hgc theo dinh hudng hge tap dUa trin vd'n de; nhdn mgnh sii cdn thie't td chUc dgy hge mon hge gdn liin vdi thiic tiin
TU khoa: td ehUe, dgy hoe, gido due hoc nghi nghiep, hgc tap dUa tren vdn di, sUphgm ky thu^t
Dinh fatfdng hpc tkp dtfa ttdn v i n de (Prob-lem Based Learning - PBL) da cd tff nkm 1960 tai Trtfdng Dai hpc Y te McMaster Canada, PBL dffdc failu nfatf mdt md fainfa, mpt cfaien Itfdc ttong hpc tkp bao gom ck chtfdng ttinh gikng day vk ckc pfatfdng phkp day hpc (PPDH) gan Uln vdi thffc tiln cude sd'ng va mdi trffdng lao ddng Dkc tnflig cfia PBL lk tinfa CO vk'n de ttong ckc tinfa faudng fapc tkp, bilu faidn cfia tinfa cd vk'n d l lk hidn tffdng xky den nhiftig chffa bid't trffde ke't quk, mudn nhan thffc dffde con ngffdi pfaki cd nfau clu vk sff no Iffc ldn nhat ve til tud Trong gidi faan cua bki bao kfaki nidm vin de dffdc faieu la nfaung nfaidm vu faay tinh hud'ng chffa diftig ckc nfaidm vu hpc tap Uen quan dd'n nhu^g faidn UTdng giao due nghi ngfaidp Hien nay, PBL da dffdc kp dung rpng rki vk pfao bie'n d nhilu nffdc ttdn the gidi, 5 Viet Nam, PBL da dffdc ckc to ehffc, ck nhkn nghidn cfiu dffa vko qua ttinh dao tao, day hpc d ckc bkc dai hpc, cao dang, trung fapc cfauyen ngfaiep, trung hpc phd thdng nfaffng pfaIn Idn ckc tkc gik chi xem xet PBL d gdc dp mdt PPDH ticfa cffe mk cfaffa nfain nfakn rd ve ban cfaat cfia PBL Trong bki bko nky, tkc gia d l ckp den PBL vff(?t ra ngoai y ngbia cfia mdt PPDH vk nfain nfakn PBL
lk mdt dinfa faffdng cfao vide td cfaffe day fapc mdn GDHNN ttong dd sff dung nfaieu phffdng phkp vk
ky thukt day hpc tieh effc
2, Cff sff ly lulin 2,1 Cff sd t a m ly hpc
2.7.7 Thuyit phdt sinh nhgn thUe eda Piaget
1 Dat vkn dd
Chien Iffdc phkt triln kinh td xa hdi 2011
-2020 da khing dinh mot ttong ba dot phk lk ''Phdt
triin nhanh ngudn nhdn lue, nhdt Id nguon nhdn
liCc chdt lugng cao, tap trung vdo viic ddi mdi cdn
bdn vd todn dien nin gido di^c qudc ddn" [1]
Trong chien Iffdc phat tiiln giko due 2011 - 2020,
Dkng ta da dinfa faffdng "Dm mdi todn dien vd can
bdn nen gido due theo hudng chudn hda, hiin dgi
hda, xd hgi hda, dan ehd hda Phdt triin gido due
phdi thuc su la qudc sdch hdng ddu Id su nghiep
eua Ddng, cda Nhd nUdc vd eda todn ddn" [2]
Trffde dinh hffdng tten, Trffdng Dai bpc Sff pham
Ky tiiukt (DHSPKT) VTnh Long da bat tay vko ddi
mdi quk trinh dao tao cfia nfak trffdng theo hffdng
phkt huy tinh tich effc, chfi ddng, sang tao cua
ngffdi hpc Trong linh vtfc dko tao giao vidn (GV)
day nghe tai trtfdng ttong nhffng nam qua cung
da gat hki dffdc nfailu thknh tffu dang ke Bdn
canfa do, vide ttang bi tri thffc cho sinh vien (SV)
sff pfaam ky tfauat vkn cdn nfaieu ban che', quk trtnfa
dko tao cfaffa gan liln vk dkm b&o tinh tfaffc tiln
giko due ngfai nghidp Vdi mong mudn dffa cac
vdn de thffc tidn cfia giko due ngfai ngfaidp vko
ttong quk trinfa gikng day nen tkc gik da cfapn dinh
faffdng fapc tkp dffa tren van d l d l nghidn cffu to
ehffc day hpc mdn hpc Giko due hpc nghe nghiep
(GDHNN) tai Trffdng DHSPKT VTnh Long nham
kich tiiiefa fau^g tfau fapc tap vk nkng cao kdt quk
fapc tkp cua SV ttong mdn fapc
'•' Khoa SiTpham, TniOng Dai hoc Stf pham Ky thu^t Vmh Long
Trang 2PBL dffa tten cd sd 4 khai nidm gdc ddng
hda, diiu Ung, sadd vd cdn bdng ttong thuye't pfakt
sinfa nfaan tfaffc cua J Piaget trffde tidn dffa ngffdi
hoc cham ttkn vdi ckc vk'n d l hpc tkp mk hp chffa
biet, tff dky ho se phkn knh nhffng cki chffa bid't
vko nko, so sknh vdi nfaffng eai da biet de md rdng
kha nkng faieu bid't cfia minb; Sau do ngffdi fapc
se flm kidm thu thap tfadng tin de giki quydt ckc
vin de cfaffa rd va kfai giki quyet dffdc cfaung tfai
cic sd d l mdi dffdc thiet Ikp, tffe Ik hp tao ra dffdc
ttang thki can bang Quk trtnfa tki Ikp cho pfadp
ho tao ra ttang thai ckn b^ng mdi ne'u co ckc vin
dl khkc pfakt sinfa ttong qua trtnfa fap giai quyet
ckc van d l trffde do Dky la mpt ttong nfaffng cd
sd ly lukn vu^g cfaac cfia dinfa faffdng fapc tap dffa
tten vin de
2.1.2 Hgc thuyit lieh sUvdn hoa ve suphdt trien
cdc chUc ndng tdm ly cdp eao eua L X Vugostxki
Tfaeo hpc thuyet lich sff van hda v l sff pfakt
trien ckc cfaffe nang tkm ly cap cao cua L X
Vrfgostxki, ttong qua trtnh hpc tap S V se sff dung
trinh dp hipn tai cua minh 6i tiiam gia hpc tap ckc
vk'n de kich thich ckc cfaffe nkng tkm ly dang
trffdng thknh 6 vung phkt trien gin vk bien cfaung
thanh tiinfa dd faien tai cfia bkn tiian trffde khi vung
phkt triln gin mdi xudt hidn
Tren cd sd faai hpc thuyd't tkm IJ hpc cfia J
Piaget vk L X Vffgostxki, dinfa faffdng fapc tkp dffa
tren vin de sff dung ckc kfaki nidm cdng cu dong
hoa, dieu Ung, cdn bdng, sa dd cung vdi hai trtnfa
dd: "faidn tai" va "vfing phkt triln g i n " Ikm nen
tkng ttong vide day - fipe kich tfaicfa tff duy cua
ngtfdi fapc
22, T l chu'c d^y hpc mdn GDHNN theo PBL
Can cff vko dkc trffng cfia mdn fapc GDHNN
vk quy dinh td ehffc giang d a y tai Trffdng
DHSPKT VTnfa Long cfing vdi vide phkn tich dac
tnmg cfia ckc tid'n ttinh tfaffc faidn PBL, tac gik
chpn tid'n dinh tiiffe hidn PBL 7 bffde tiieo tid'n si
Allyn Walsfa, Trffdng Dai fapc McMaster [9] cung
vdi md hinfa thdng hoat vien (Floating
Facilita-tor model) lkm cd sd td chffe day fapc m d n
GDHNN Quk trinfa td cfaffe day h p e m d n
GDHNN tiieo PBL g i m 3 giai doan:
S o
S n
,S >
« -«
H a
Thiet kfbai hgc theo PBL
4^
T I chffe thi/c hidn bai hoc
•^
Dknh gi4 viec hpc tip
Hinh 1 Trinh tff t l chtfc day hpc mdn hpc
GDHNN theo PBL
Giai dogn 1 Thidt kd' eac b a i hpc theo
PBL: De tiiiet kd dtfdc bki fapc tiieo PBL, GV cin
thtfc hidn tfaeo tiinh tff nhffng nOi dung sau: Xac dinh muc tidu mdn fapc; Lffa cfapn ckc ndi dung tfaeo cfaffdng trinh; Phat bieu vk'n de; Xkc dinh cac nguon Iffc can tiiid't; Xkc dinfa cfaid'n Iffdc dknh gik Giai d o a n 2 T l chtfc thffc Men cac bai hpc: dffdc tien bknh qua 3 bffdc: SV bpc trdn Idp;
SV thffe hien tff fapc; Dknfa gik phkn h I i ttdn ldp Giai doan 3 Danh gia vi$c hpc t ^ p : Vide dknfa gik kd't quk fapc tap ttong day fapc mon hpc GDHNN theo hpc tap dtfa ttdn vdn de se kp dung
2 hinfa thffc danfa gik:
- Dknh gia quk trinh: sff dung 3 loai dknh gik [8]: dknh gia ck nfaan bdi GV; Ttf dknfa gik; danfa gik cheo ttong mdi phidn PBL d l tinh diem quk ttinh
- Dknh gia ting kdt: thtfc hidn tfaeo quy dinfa dknfa gik d i e m fapc p h i n tin ch! tai Trtfdng DHSPKT VTnfa Long [3] faien nay bao gom dknh
gik quk trinh 10%, dknh gik giffa k^ 30% vk dknh
gik cud'i ky 60%
- Diim hpc phin dtfdc tinfa nfatf sau: DHPLT =
(IDQT-t-3DG-F6DC)/10
3 Kd't qua nghidn cuTu 3.1 Kd't qua khao sat thijfc trang Kd't qua khko skt 207 SV d 6 ngknh Cdng nghe tiidng tui; Cdng ngfad ky tfauat didn; Cdng nghd ky tiiuat didn - dien tff; Cdng nghe chd tao mky; Cdng nghd ky thukt d td; Cdng nghd ky thukt cd dien tff vdi 15 can hoi khko skt thudc ckc Uiifa vtfc ve ndi dung mdn fapc, PPDH, faoat ddng
Trang 3ttf hpc, hinfa tfaffc to chffe day fapc, fainfa tfaffc danfa
gik, kfadng kfai ldp fapc vk nfaffng khd khan kfai fapc
mdn fapc mk SV gap pfaai nfaff sau; Hlu hd't SV
d i u cho rkng, kien tfaffc ttong mdn hpe GDHNN
g^n lien vdi thffc t i l n giko due ngfai ngfaidp
(92,3% SV dffdc kfaao sat cho rang kie'n thffc mdn
fapc GDHNN gin liln vdi thtfc tidn giao due nghe
nghidp; 7,2% SV ttk ldi kie'n thffe mdn bpc kfadng
gin Uln tiiffc tidn; 0,5% SV khdng tta ldi)
Qua khko skt cfao tfaay, cac PPDH tfaude
nhom dung ldi ndi vkn dffdc GV ffu tidn sff dung
nfailu ttong day fapc mdn fapc GDHNN; cac PPDH
Idcfa tfaich tff duy cfia SV cung dffdc GV kp dung
nhffng cdn rat faan cfae (69,9% SV tta ldi GV kp
dung phffdng phkp dung ldi ndi ttong day hpc mdn
GDHNN; 35,9% SV tra Idi GV cd kp d u n g
phffdng pfakp orffc quan; 25,2% SV tii ldi GV kp
dung PPDH ndu van de; 12,1% SV ttk ldi GV kp
dung PPDH tfaffc faknfa) Ckc sdUdu ttdn cfao thay
thffc ttang cfia vide lffa cfapn va sff dung ckc PPDH
cfia GV ttong mdn hpc GDHNN chtfa dam bao
pfakt fauy tinfa ticfa ctfc cfia SV ttong hpc tap
Vide kp dung ckc PPDH cfia GV ttong mdn
GDHNN faidn nay nfain chung chffa dat dffdc hieu
quk, cin cd giki pfakp d l tidp tuc nkng cao faidu
qua cfia viec kp dung ckc PPDH ttong mdn hpc,
nkng cao chit Iffdng day hpc mdn hpc (54,1 % S V
dknh gik GV sff dung PPDH faidu qua; 6,3% eho
r&ng PPDH cfia GV lk rat faidu quk; 38,2% SV
dknfa gik vide kp dung ckc PPDH cfia GV it faieu
quk vk 1% cho lk khdng hieu qua; 0,4% khdng
trk ldi)
Phan Idn SV nhan tfaly cin thie't phai thffc
hidn ttf hpc ngoki gid ldn ldp ddi vdi mdn faoc
GDHNN (63,3% SV ttk ldi cd; 36,2% tra ldi
kfadng thtfc faien viec ttf fapc ngoki gid len ldp dd'i
vdi mdn fapc GDHNN) V l t i m quan ttpng cfia
viec ttf fapc, cd 44% S V xac dinfa vide tff hpc ttong
mdn hpc lk quan ttpng; 16,4% SV xkc dinh viec
tiJ hpc lk rk't quan ttpng; 35,3% xac dinh viec tff
hpc ttong mdn fapc d mffc dp binh thffdng kfadng
cd gi lk quan ttpng Nfaff vky cd dd'n 60,4% so'S V
dffdc kfako skt nfaan thay dffdc tam quan ttong cfia
vide tff fapc dd'i vdi hkn than ttong fapc tkp mdn
fapc GDHNN
SV chffa ticfa cffe tim kiem tfaong tin pfauc vu
cfao viec hpc tap ttong mdn hpc GDHNN ttong
khi dd viec ngfaidn culi nfaieu tai Udu d l failu ro i^ng, tffdng minfa cho mdi ndi dung hoc tkp la rit quan trpng vdi SV cao dang sff pham ky thukt (92,8% SV ttk ldi ehi sff dung giao tiinfa mon fapc
mk GV cung d p d l pfauc vu cfao vide hpc tkp mon hpc; ckc loai tki Udu kfaac SV rk't it khi sfi dung,
cd 18,9% SV flm tiidng tin d cac tki lieu kfakc) Ckc sd Udu ttdn cfao tiidy mot van d l dkng bao ddng dd'i vdi SV sff pham ky tiiukt lk ky nang tiJ" hpc thdng qua tki lidu cfia SV con qua ye'u Ding thdi, ckc em chffa tfaffc hidn tdt vide tff hpe ngoki gid Ien Idp cung nfaff sff dung tfaff vien chtfa hdp
Iy (11,1% SV dd'n thtf vien tim kidm tfadng tin phuc vu vide fapc)
Hlu fadt SV deu nfaan tfak'y stf cin tfaidt vk y ngfaia cua faoat ddng nfaom ttong hpc tkp mdn bpc; mong mudn dtfdc GV ap dung hinh thffc hpc tkp theo nhdm nfad fadn la ngfae GV giang Iy tfauydt
vk gfai cfaep (68,6% SV cho rang vide kp dung hinh tfaffc hpc tap tfaeo nhom nhd ttong mdn hpc
lk cin thidt vk 17,9% cho rkng rk't c i n tiudt)
SV nhkn thffc rd v l hinfa thffc danfa gik GV tfaffdng kp dung ttong mdn fapc (79,2% y kie'n ttk ldi dffa ttdn kiem tta quk ttinh vk k i l m tta kd't tfafic mdn hpc; 14% SV ttk Idi chi dffa ttdn k i l m tta kdt tiiuc; 6,3% ttk Idi dffa ttdn kidm tta qua ttinh; 9% tta ldi fainh tfaffc dknfa gia kfaac)
SV cd nhkn thffe tich cffe ttong vide tff dknh gik vide hpe cfia bkn thkn (56% SV mong mud'n thay ddi hinh tiiffc danfa gik ttong mdn hpc; 44%
SV cho rkng khdng can tiiay doi fainh tfaffc danh gik Hinfa thffc dknh gia mong mudn dffdc kp dung ttong mdn hpc GDHNN la SV dtfdc tham gia danfa gik quk trtnfa fapc tkp cua hp cung vdi
GV vdi 78%)
Vide td cfaffe day fapc mdn fapc GDHNN faien nay cfaffa tao dffdc kfadng kfai fapc tkp fako hffng ttong Idp hpc, chffa kich tfaich dffdc SV, chffa tiiu hut dffdc sff quan tam vk tfaam gia cfia SV ttong ckc gid fapc Dky lk mpt rao ckn tkm 1^ ttong faoat dpng nfakn tfaffc cua SV (24,2% cfao rkng hko hffng; 61,8% SV tra ldi binh thtfdng vk eo 11,6% ttk Idi khdng hko hffng)
Kfad kfakn ddi vdi phan Idn SV lk mdn hpc
cd quk nfailu Iy tiiuyet, trfftf tffdng, PPDH kfadng thu fafit, vi the vide gan ket mdn hpc vdi thffc tidn
lk dieu rdt ein tiiiet ttong vide td ehffc day hpc
Trang 4mdn GDHNN (61,8% SV tta ldi mdn hpc quk
nhilu ly tiiuydt; 37,7% ttk ldi ndi dung tiijli nrdng;
26,6% cho lang PPDH cfaffa tiiu fafit)
Tff ckc kdt qua kfako skt tfaffc ttang tten cfao
thiy, quk trtnfa day bpc mdn GDHNN tai Trffdng
c6 nhffng ifti d i i m nhff: GV cd diu ttf cfao vide
pkng day mdn fapc, tuy nfaien sff diu tff cfaffa dung
mffc cin tfaidt; SV y thffc dffdc vai tro, tam quan
ttpng cfia vide tff hoc, cung nfaff nfakn bidt dffdc
tinh tfaffc tidn cfia mdn hpe Ben canfa dd, cung
c6 nfaffng vdn d l t i n tai nfalt dinfa nfaff: S V c6 tfaffc
hidn tff fapc nfairng vide tff fapc cfaffa faieu quk; fainfa
thffc t l cfaffe fapc tkp: GV gikng - SV ghi chep cdn
kp dung pfad bidn chffa phat fauy dffdc tinfa tich
ctfc, chu dpng cfia S V; hinfa thffc dknh gia kd't quk
hoc ^ p cin cfao pfaep SV tfaam gia dknfa gia kdt
hdp vdi dknh gik cfia GV d l dkm bko linh khkch
quan; khdng kfai fapc tkp cfaffa kicfa tfaich dffdc sff
hko faffng cfia SV; ndi dung mdn fapc quk nfailu
ly tfauydt, mang tinfa trffu tffdng Nhffng van d l
thffc trang ttdn nd'u dffdc giki quydt td't se gdp
phin kicfa tfaich sff faffng thu hpc tap cfia SV, dong
thdi nkng cao kdt quk hpc tkp mdn fapc GDHNN
tai Tnrdng DHSPKT VTnh Long
3.2 Cdc nguydn nhkn chfi quan va khach
quan ve thi^c tr^ng day hpc mdn hpc GDHNN
t?i Trrfdng DHSPKT Vinh Long
3.2.1 Cdc nguyin nhdn ehd quan
a) Ddi vdi GV: Chffa cfau ddng ttong viec ap
dung cac PPDH kich tiiich tff duy cfia SV; Ngai
thay dii thdi quen thiy gikng bki - tto gfai chep;
Chfi ttpng ddn vide truyen dat kidn tfaffc, it quan
tkm ddn vide pfakt triln cac ky nkng fapc tkp
nghidn cffu cfao SV; To cfaffe day fapc cfaffa tao
dffdc srf fako fafiHg cho SV
b) Ddi vdi SV: Co y tiiffc ttf fapc nfaiftig thtfc
hidn chtfa hidu quk; Chtfa bidt ckch flm kidm md
rOng tiidng tm; Ngai thay ddi tfadi quen hpc tap
cu bkng ckc phtfdng phkp fapc ticfa ctfe
3.2.2 Cde nguyin nhdn khdch quan
- Dinfa fatfdng doi mdi PPDH d nfak tttfdng
chffa hieu quk
- GV chtfa dtfdc tidp ckn tiitfdng xuyen vdi
ckc PPDH tich Ctfc, chfi ddng
- Cd sd vkt chdt phuc vu cfao vide td cfaffe
day fapc chffa dkp u^g dffdc ydu clu cfia vide doi mdi PPDH
- Quy dinfa danfa gia kdt qua fapc tap cfia SV chffa cd tidu chi cu t h i vk do GV dkm nhidm, SV kfadng dffdc tham gia vao quk tiinfa dknfa gik 3.3 K e t qua thid't kd' bai hpc theo PBL
3.3.1 Hi thdng cde ngi dung xdy dung vd'n di
Bang 1 H$ thdng cac nOi dung xky dtfng vdn de
T T m duQg
CDR Iheo
C T D T s Mitc
d O v A
d J
CbiTiftig 1 Nhi?ng v9n d l chung r n a G i i o dvc h f c vh GUo dvc h f c n ^ OKhitp
1 Nguyen IJ g l i o d\ig Vi^l Nam
Chuin ngbt nghigp c i a giing vien, GV day nghj
(2)
4 0 8
3
CbiAme ^ ^i l u t n 0^0 difc 3 IrOitng df y ngh§
3 1 DOng luc cSa qua trtnh giSndiic
4 1 C i c k M u c d B q i i i u l n h E i J a d f c
5
e
7
NguySn lic gi^o due
FhirOugphtlpgiiadLjc Cang d c chu nhi^m Idp
m
15) (131 (6) (19)
5 DID 3
3
CblRMe 3 Li Iufn d^f hpc dlnfOiig dfy ngh£
8
10
12
Qu£ ulnh d^y hoc E>Ong luc cda qud Mnh day hqc Mgc bfu dfy hoc PPDH KiemD^ vh ddnhgi& Lrongday hQC
(7) (14) (9) (15)
12 0 24
3
3
3
ChiHiiE 4 I f cbilc v& q u i n If qu^ trinh d|iy hvc nnhl!
13 Cic hlnh Ontc to chdc qui trtnh d^y hfc agbi
L j p k f hof ch q u i n If q u i trtnh d ^ y h f c nghf
(17) (18)(19) 9.0 18
J
3
3.3.2 Hi thdng edc phien PBL vd cdc buoi hgc
Bang 2 Hd thdng cac phign PBL
va cac buli Idn ldp PhiSn PBL
1
2
3
4
5
6
ThM gian (h) 4:0:8 5:0:10 6:0:12 6:0:12 4:0:8 5:0:10
Bit diu Budil Budi 2 Budi 4 Budi 6 Budi 8 Budi 9
Ke't thuc Budi 2 Budi 3 Budi 5 Budi? Budi 9 Budi10
3.3.3 Hinh thUe tdchUe dgy hgc mon GDHNN trong cde phien PBL
Bang 3 Hinh thffc t l chffe day hpc trong cac
phidn PBL
P h i e n
P B L
1
'
Vffndg
1 Nguyfin IJ g l i o dgc Vi?[ Nam
4 Cdc khOu ei5a quS Irtnh giSo dgo
5 N g u y e n l J c gido due 6.PhtrdnR ptidp eidt) due 7.Cflng ldc chil nhiem Iflo
Hin
L T
1
0 4
h l h d c U f c h d c d a y
U B N
±]
\5
T H
8
10
B G
•
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Trang 53
4
54-6
8 (}ud tnnfa day b^c
10 Nfli dung day hpc
|] PPDH
13 Cdcblnblhactochlicqnaniniidavhocngbe
14 LipkS^baacfaquinljqnatiinlidayhpcngbE
,
1
1
2
2
2
12
12
8
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3
3 ]
2
LT: Ly thuyet; HDN: Hoat d6ng nhom;
TH: Ttf hoc; DG: Danh giS
3.4 Cac ket qua sau thffc nghidm t ^ chffe
d^y hQC mdn GDHNN theo PBL
3.4.1 Kit qud hge tdp eiia ldp thyCe nghiim
Bang 4 Thd'ng ke di^m ki^m tra cua
hai ldp thffc nghidm va dd'i chffng
Didm
sdx,
4,4
4,8
5,2
5.6
6,0
6,4
6,8
7,2
7,6
8,0
8,8
9,2
Ldp ddi chlhlg
T i n s d
xuS't
hiSnf,
I
3
4
6
5
4
3
3
1
3
2
1
Di^m truBE bmb
DO l^ch chu^n
Tdng
didm
4,4
14,4
20,8
33,6
30.0
25,6
20,4
21.6
7,6
24,0
17,6
9,2
%
2,8
8,3
11.1
16.7
13.9
11,1
8.3
8,3
2,8
8,3
5,6
2,8
6,37
1,23
Ldp tbtfc nghidm
0
0
0
2
7
0
13
6
2
3
1
2
0
0
0 11.2 42.0
0 88,4 43,2 15,2 24,0 8,8 18,4
0
0
0 5,6 19,4
0 36,1 16,7 5,6 8,3 2,8 5,6 6,98 0,90
3.4.2 Diim qud trinh cda ldp thiic nghiem vd ldp ddi ehUng
Bang 5 Di^m qua trinh cua ldp thffc nghidm va ldp dd'i chfftag Di^m
qua tnnh Thi^c ngM$m DSicbdng
% Sinh vieo d^t didm Xj
<4,0
0
0
4 , 0
-0
0
5 , 5
-0
0
7 , 0
-0 94,4
8 , 5
-100 5,6
-^HDfem Doi chiing
0 - 8 4 8 5-10
Nhin vko hkng tong ke't diem so'ta thiy rang:
ldp thffc nghiSm co diem trung binh cao hdn ldp
doi chffng 1^ 0,61 di^ra, do lech chu^n lai thap
hdn 0,33 Dp lech chuan cho biet tinh chat ph^ln
tkn cua tilp hdp diem, phan ho nao c6 dp l$ch
chuan S^ nho thi co do tSp trung cao vk ngffdc lai
Dilu nky co nghia lk 6b tkp trung cua diem trung
hlnh ldp thffc nghidm cao hdn ldp dd'i chffng
Chffng ta thS'y r^ng, diem trung hinh cua ldp thffc
nghi6m ldn hdn diem trung hinh cua ldp dd'i
chffng (-^2= 6.98 >Xi = 6,'il) chffng to ring viec
to chffe day hpc mon GDHNN theo PBL thi ket
quS hpc tSp cua SV tot hdn
Bi^u dS L Phdn phd'i tSn su^t di^m qua trinh cua Idp thffc nghidm va Idp dd'i chdiig Nhin bieu do 1, ta thay dffcfng bieu diSn ffi^m qu^ ffinh ci^a ldp thffc nghiSm ph^n bS'lech v l phia diem gioi (8,5 -10); con dff5ng bieu diln diemquS trinh ldp doi chihig phSn bo' trong khoSng tff kh^ d^n gioi (7,0 - 10) Dieu nay cho th^y di^m quS tnnh cua ldp thrfc nghiSm it bie'n d6ng va d thang diem gioi nhieu hdn so vdi ldp d6'i chffng
3.4.3 Diim kiim tra cda ldp thUe nghiim vd ldp ddi ehiing
Bang 6 Di€m ki^m tra cua
ldp thffc nghidm \k ldp dd'i chffng
Diem kidm tra Thrfc nghiOm D8i chiing
% Smh vien d^t di^m Xi
<4,0
0
0
4,0-0 22.2
5 , 5 -61.1 50.0
7 , 0 -30,5 19,4
8,5-8,4 8,4
Biiu t6 2 Phan phSi t^n sutft ffl^m kiSm tra
cua l«p thiJc nghidm va I8p da'i cluJiig
Trang 6IRgONG BJ^ HOC g6NG THAP
Nhin bieu d6 2, ta thSiy dirBng b i l u d i l n tan
suat diim k i l m tra cua ldp doi chiing plian bo'
trong IdioSng diem til trung binh y & v i trung binh
nhieu ban IthS, gioi Difflng b i l u d i l n tin suat
diem Idem tta cua ldp thilc nghi$m ph9n bo ttong
khoing diem trung binh vSi kha, gioi nhieu hdn;
1116 S V dat diem tiJ 7,0 - 8,4 (loai khi) nhieu hdn
ldp d^i chiJng, ti le diim gioi nhu nhau 5 c i 2 ldp,
li 16 SV dat diem ttung Hnh (5,5 - 6,9) d ldp thuc
inghiem nhieu hon ldp dSi chlftig; ti le S V loai trung
Wnh yeu d ldp doi chiJng chiem 22,2%, ttong khi
d6 ldp thuc nghiem kh6ng c6 SV loai trung binh
yeu Dilu nky cho thiy kit qui hgc tap cua SV ldp
thuc nghidm tit hdn ldp dii chtJng
3.4.4 K^t qua kh&o sdt miic dd hting thli eUa SV
Bang 7 Mitc dO tham gia cac hoat d$ng cua
SV trong c^c phiin PBL
IT
I
:
i
%'
s
6
7
Cdc I109I d^ng
Thorn dif tifldcfic
budi hpc
Linl vifc cham chi
uong nhiSm
Lufin iizi ldp idng giS
Thom gio LS'I zk ho^it
dOng nhdm
Cung ctfpthOng tin
phin hti cho mgi DgilQi
Sfn ling d6n nhuD ia t
ci cic phin hdi
Phjn itng Itch ci;c vA
Mng tin phdn hdi
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
Rfft
IhifiFng
35
97,2
25
69,4
36
lOD
33
91,7
23
63,9
IS
41,6
10
27,S
ThUitog
1 2,8
11 30,6
0
3
63
13 36,1
20 5S,6
25 69,4
Thinh IhoSng
0
0
D
0
a
0
0
1 2,8
1 2,8
ft khi
0
n
0
n
0
n
0
n
n
0
n
0
KhBng bao gicr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ket qui kh&o skt thffc nghidm trdn 36 S V cho
My, qua c^c phien PBL da tham gia SV da phat
huy dffcJc tinh tich cffe, sff hffng thu ciaa minh trong
hpc tap thSng qua ckc hoat dong cua nhdm, cung
c&'p thSng tin phSn h6i cho moi ngffdi, sSn sang
don nh&n vk ph&n ffng tich cffe vdi thSng tin ph&n hoi d mffc do thffcfng xuyen v& vit thffdng xuyen
Bang 8 Mffc dd hffng thu cua SV khi tham gia cac phi6n PBL Mtfc do
hiAig thn
N
%
Rat hiing thli
24 66,7
Hiing thu
12 13,3
it hiing thn
0
0
Khang hiitag thu
0
0 Cac phien PBL da co tac dong tich cffe den
khong khi va sff hffng thu hoc tkp effa SV, cu6'n hut SV tham gia ckc hoat dpng hpc tap tff lffe, sang tao, nkng cao y thffe hpc tkp cua SV
4 K^t ludn
Nghi6n cffu da xky dffng dffde mfit h$ diS'ng
gom 14 v&'n de trSi d i u trong 4 chffdng cua mon
hoc GDHNN tffdng ffng vdi 6 phidn PBL d^ kp
dung v&o td ehffc day hpc m6n GDHNN nham n^ng cao k^t qui hpc tap va sff hffng thu ciia SV khi hpc mon hpc n^y Hidu qui thi^t thffc eua PBL trong t6 chffe day hpc mon hpe GDHNN da dffdc kiem chu^g trong qud trinh thffc nghiem Ket qui thid't thffc trdn se giup cho qud trinh dao tao sff pham ky thudt 5 Trffdng DHSPKT VTnh Long c6 mdt bffdc tig^n mdi ttong viec ddo tao GV day nghe gan vdi cde vd'n d l thffc tidn, tff do tao ddng Iffc thffc d^y cdng tac doi mdi PPDH d nhd tirffdng theo hffdng phdt huy tinh chu dpng tieh cffe, sang tao cua ngffdi hoc./
Tai lidu tham khao
[1] Nguydn Phuc Chinh (2008), Dgy hoe theo vdn de trong dgy hgc sinh hoc, Dai hpc Thdi Nguydn
[2] L Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor (2004), "Formative and Summative Assessment of
the ProblemBased Learning Tutorial Session Using a Criterion Referenced System", JIAMSE,
(14), P 8 ^
[3] Tr^n Ba Hodnh (2007), "Chuydn de day phffdng phdp hpc cho SV sff pham", Hdi thao ndng
cao ndng luc ddi mdi PPDH eho gidng viin cdc trudng dgi hgc, cao dang sUphgm, Bp Gido due vd
D^o tao
[4] Nguydn Vdn Khdi (2011), Modun dgy hge diia trin gidi quyit vdn de, NXB Gido due
Viet Nam
[5] Phan Trong Ngo, Nguydn Dffc Hffdng (2003), Cdc If thuyi't phdt trien tdm l;p ngudi, NXB
Dai hoc Sff pham
I l l
Trang 7[6] Quyet dinh so' 711/QD-TTg, Chiin luge phdt triin kinh ti xd hdi 2011 - 2020 [7] Quy^t dinh 26/QD-DHSPKTVL-DT, Quyit dinh ve viec ban hdnh quy dinh ddo tgo dgi hge,
eao ddng theo hgc chi tin chi
[8] The University of North Texas in partnership with the Texas Education (2008), Agency
Prob-lem based learning
[9] Allyn Walsh (2(X)5), The Prolem based learning a novice's guide, McMaster University
OCCUPATIONAL EDUCATION INSTRUCTION
IN THE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING APPROACH
AT VINH LONG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION
Summary
The paper presents the research results on the instruction of Occupational Education in the prohlem-hased learning approach (PBL) at Vinh Long University of Technology Education The research generated 14 problems designed by PBL and used in teaching Occupational Education The collected data demonstrated the effectiveness of the PBL; thereby it highlights the need for close relationship between instruction and reahty
Keywords: organizing, teaching, occupational education, problem-based learning, technology education