Tap chi Khoa hpc DHQGHN Nghien ciiu Giao dye Tgp 30 S6 3 (2014) 48 60 TRAO DOI Mgt s6 dinh huong phat tri^n ngudn nhan luc khoa hoc cong nghe a Dai hpc Quoc gia Ha Noi Nguyin Dang Khoa*\ Le Kim Long^[.]
Trang 1TRAO DOI Mgt s6 dinh huong phat tri^n ngudn nhan luc khoa hoc cong nghe a Dai hpc Quoc gia Ha Noi
Nguyin Dang Khoa*\ Le Kim Long^
'Ban Td chuc Cdn bd, Dai hgc Qudc gia Hd Ngi, 144 Xudn Thuy, CduGidy, HdNdi, Viit Nam -Trudng Dai hgc Gidg due, DHQGHN, 144 Xudn Thuy, Cdu Gidy, Hd Ngi, Viet Nam
Nhan ngay 22 thing 4 nam 2014 Chinh sua ngay 15 thing 7 nam 2014; chip nhan dang ngay 29 thing 9 nam 2014 Tom tat: Thyc tiin cho thay, nguon nhan lyc khoa hgc va cong nghe (KH&CN) ludn la tii nguyen cong tac dao tao, n ^ i e n ciiu khoa hgc va cac mat hoat dgng khae eiia nha trudng Tuy nhien, van
de phat tnen nguon nhan lire khoa hgc va cdng n ^ e trong cic tmdng dai hgc a Viet Nam noi
chung v i Dai hgc Quic gia Hi Ngi (DHQGHN) noi ri§ng vin con nhieu t i n tai, bat cap, Sy chuan che ve co cau, so lugng va chit lugng nen hieu qua dgt dugc chua cao Voi muc dich xay dyng chien luge phit trien, thu hiit can bg co trinh do quoc te tir nay den nam 2020, bai viet nay se gop hgc Qudc gia Ha Ngi Tren c c sd phan tich thyc trang cong tic quin li phat trien nguon nhan lyc giai phap nhim dinh hudng phat trien ngudn nhin lyc khoa hgc va cong nghe tai Dgi hgc Quoc gia cua Viet Nam, dac biet la vdi DHQGHN trong vifc hoach djnh chiin luge phat triln nguin nhin lyc khoa hoc cong nghe chit lugng cao
Tir khda Nguon nhan lyc, khoa hgc va cong nghl, nhin lyc khoa hgc va cong ngh§
1 M d d a u gjao cdng nghe da n g i n h , da ITnh vyc, chit
lucmg cao cd siir menh dao tao, bdi dudng, phit D,nh huong chien ta(,c phat triln kinh te xa , r t j „ „ g „ 5 „ ^ l a n luc chjt luong cao, trinh d j hpi Viet Nam giai doan 2011-2020 trong do neu , j „ Bai hoc Qudc gia co q u y i n chu dong cao
ro "Phai men va ndng cao chd, lirang nguon „ „ „ g ^^ ^oat d p n g v l dao tao, NCKH, tii nhdnlvc nha, la nhdn h,c chd, l,rang cao la , h i n h , quan he qu6c tS va t6 chuc b p may [2]
mo, JQ, pha chien lime" []] BHQOlm ]i mot ,
mo hinh dai hoc m « , tien t i i n - trung tam dao '^'^'^ '*^'* ' " ' ™ S P ' ' ^ ' "•'*" " « " ™ ' * ' " '""^ tao nghien cim Idioa hoc (NCKH) va c h u y i n K H & C N cua D H Q G H N giai doan 2012-2020
la xay d u n g doi ngu N C K H c h u y i n nghiep, c6
' DT: 84-9l24">5558 ^^ '^^^ ^^^ ^^^' ^^ d u n g nguon lire nay de khai
Trang 2qudc te, phii bgrp voi muc tieu phit trien
KH&CN cua DHQGHN, ngang tim khu vyc va
dat trinh dp qudc te Y nghTa ciia viec nghian
cuu la nham gdp phin phat trien nhiJng van de
li luin ve quan li, phat triin ngudn nhin lyc
KH&CN trong cic ca sd giio dye dai hpc, van
dyng Ii luan dd vio md hinh DHQGHN Qua
phin tich vi danh gia ve mil manh, mat yeu, ca
hdi va thach thiic, tie dd rut ra bai hpc kinh
nghiem trong viec huy ddng va phat trien ngudn
nhan lyc KH&CN
Bing phuang phap diiu tra thdng ke, khio
sat thyc te ve so Iugng, chat lupng, ca ciu, trinh
dp dio t^o, dp tudi, gidi tinh ciia cin bg khoa
hoc (CBKH); diiu tra bang phiiu khao sit y
kien vi phdng van sau cic cin bg NCKH tai
mdt s6 trudng dai hpc thanh vien d DHQGHN,
mOt sd vien NCKH thanh vien, trung tam
NCKH tryc thudc, chung toi di xuit mdt sd
dinh hudng phat trien ngudn nhan lyc KH&CN
Cac dinh hudng (giai phip) niy cd gia tri tham
khao di hoach dinh ve ngudn nhan lyc KH&CN
trong cac ca sd giao due dai hpc cd dinh hudng
nghien ciru
2 Thiic tr^ng cong tic quan li phat trien
nguon nhin lire khoa hpc cong ngh6 fr
Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha N$i
2.1 Thu hiit, tuyin dung cdn bg khoa hgc trinh
dd cao
Tir nim 2008 din nay, DHQGHN da xay
dyng dugc nhiiu chinh sich^thu hut, dii ngO
ddi vdi dpi ngu CBKH xuat sac Trong 5 nam
2009-2013, DHQGHN di tuyin dyng va thu
hut duac hon 310 giing vien (GV), rieng nim
hoc 2012-2013 cd 152 GV ve lim viec (ti le
GV cd trinh dO ThS trd len chiim khoang
70%-80%) DHQGHN da mdi khoang 300 GS, PGS
cua cic ca sd nghien ciiu vi dio tao trong ci
nude vi hing trim nha khoa hpc cd uy tin tren thi gidi, trong dd cd mot sd ngudi dat giai Nobel vi cic giai thudng Idn cd uy tin khic cimg tham gia dio tao, NCKH DHQGHN va cac don vi di mdi dugrc hon 70 GV tir cic trudng, ca sd ddi tic nuac ngoii sang DHQGHN tham gia giang dpy, hop tic NCKH Dgi ngu CBKH cd f inh dO TS va chuc danh
GS, PGS cua DHQGHN khdng ngimg dugc tang len, trong dd cd nhieu nhi khoa hgc diu nganh, diu dan cd uy tin idn d trong va ngoai nude ve cac nginh, chuyen nganh khic nhau thudc hiu hit cac Iinh vyc khoa hpc ty nhien, khoa hpc xi hgi vi nhan vin, ngoai ngiJ, cdng nghe, kinh t£ (Bing I)
Vdi vai trd mdt dai hpc nghien cim da nginh, da ITnh vyc, DHQGHN da cd gang thyc hien sir menh ciia minh va da d^t dugc nhihig thinh tyu quan trgng Nhieu cdng trinh KHCN dugc ting nhung giii thudng Idn, trong dd cd
15 Giai thudng Hd Chi Minh, 11 Giii thudng Nhi nude, Mdt sd nhi khoa hgc ciia DHQGHN
da nhin giii thudng qudc te, nhu Giii thudng Kovalevskaia; 01 can bg DHQGHN li thinh vien nhdm tic gii dugc Giii thudng Nobel 2007; 01 can bd nhan Giai thudng COSMOS 2008; 01 cin bd dugc trao Giai thudng Hanh tinh Xanh 2003 (Blue Planet Prize 2003) - giai thudng qudc ti vi moi trudng do Td chirc Asahi Glass (Nhit Ban) bao trg vi dupc coi nhu luong duong giii Nobel v^ Mdi trudng dugc trao mdi nam mgt Ian cho 2 id chiic hoac ca nhan cd nhOng ddng gdp xuat sic trong ITnh vuc tai nguyen thien nhien va mdi trudng Qua
dd, chiing tdi nhan thiy DHQGHN can cd cd chinh sich im dai rieng ve tuyen dyng, dieu ki|n lim viec, vinh danh, khen thudng ddi vdi can bg KH&CN tre, tii ning va cd cdng trinh khoa hgc cdng bd qudc te hoic d^t giai thudng KH&CN qudc ^ a va qudc te, c6 phit minh sing che, giai phap hihi ich
Trang 3Bang 1 Dgi ngu CBVC cua DHQGHN phan chia theo chuc danh, ttinh do (chi tinh tir trinh do ThS trd len)
Thoi
2009
2011
7/2013
Tong so
CBVC
2.572
2.280
2.588
Tong so
CBKH
1.745
1.932
1.865
1.876
GS
42
46
44
Chih; danh PGS
256
249
274
Tylf GS,PGS/
CBKH 17,0%
20,5%
15.4%
17%
TSKH
20
19
21
Trinh do
TS
633
653
806
ThS
960
899
872 1.193
T.V le TS, TSKH/ CBKH 37,4% 46,6% 44%
2 2 Ddo tao, bdi du&ng nhdn luc khoa hoc
cong nghe
Giai doan 2000-2012, D H Q G H N da cir 454
c i n bg vien chiic (CBVC) di hgc NCS, 690
CBVC di hgc cao hgc v i sd CBVC da h o i n
thinh c h u a n g trinh dao tao dat trinh do TS la
231, ThS la 532 Sd Iugng c i n bd, vien chiic
Ngudn: Ban T6 chuc Can bg, DHQGHN, 7/2013
dugc c u di dao tao sau dai hgc (SDH) nim
2012 (167 ngudi) xap xi 2 lan so vdi n i m 2007 (84 ngudi) va gap 2,9 Iin so vdi n i m 2000 (58 ngudi) Sd iugng CBVC tham ^ a dao tao SDH da bao ve thanh cdng luan vin, l u | n an va nhin hgc
vi TS ThS lien tuc lang tir 48 ngudi (nim 2006)
va dat 132 ngueri (nam 2010) (Bang 2 v i 3) Bang 2 S6 lugng can bg, vien ehiic duge cu di dao tao sau dai hoc giai doan 2000-2012
\ ^ ^ Nam
B | c \ ^
TS
ThS
C6ns
Bang 3 So lucmg
TS
ThS
Cons
2000
26
32
58
canbp
2002
18
51
2001
39
51
90
2004
44
58
102
2006
39
66
105
2007
43
41
84
2008
41
55
96
2009
55
84
139
2010 2011
57 52
91 103
148 ISS
2012 Cgng
58 454
109 690
167 1144
Ngudn: Ban To chuc can bp, DHQGHN, 2013
vien chuc da hoan thanh chuong trinh dao tao sau dai hoc giai doan 2000-2010
2003
13
47
2004
14
34
2005
33
117
2006
10
48
2007
23
80
2008
98
131
2009 2010
42 45
123 132
Cong
231
532
.\'gudn: Ban Td chiic can bg, DHQGHN, 2013
Til nam 2008 den nay, de triin khai thyc hien
cac chuong trinh dao tao dat chuan quoc te cua
Nhi?m vy chiin lirgc, DHQGHN chii dgng dao tao,
bii dudng ngoai ngii tiing Anh cho GV va can bg
quan li Chi trong hai nam 2011 va 2012, da co hon
GV giang day duge b i i ^ tieng Anh len 20% Ben canh eac chuong trinh dai han, DHQGHN da cu 20.946 lugt CBVC diam gia cic khda dio tao-bii duong (DT-BD) trong n u d c v i 7.771 lugt CBVC
tham gia cac khda D T - B D tai n u d c ngoii (Bieu
Trang 4liliJllilliiililll I rii
Bieu do 1.1 Thong ke cong tac dao tao
Ngudn Ban To chiic 2.3 Phdn tich SWOT ve cong tdc qudn li phdt
trien nhdn luc khoa hgc vd cdng nghe
2.3.1 Diem manh
Lgi thi cua DHQGHN la cd ca ciu da
nganh, da ITnh vuc, dugc Nha nudc giao quyen
chu d^ng cao trong cic ITnh vyc boat dgng va
iru tien dau tu ve cac ngudn lyc
Cdng tic quin li vi phat tridn dgi ngii
CBVC dugc DHQGHN dgt len hing diu, di
cao chit Iugng trong khau tuyen dyng va dau tu
thich ding cho cdng tic dio tao-can bO Dpi
ngii cin bd tre cd trinh do tren DH ngiy mdt
ting cao Dpi ngu CBKH mgnh hing dau ca
nudc Ti le can bd cd trinh dp TS trd Ien hien
nay dgt trgn 44% tren ling sd CBKH, ti lg niy d
mgt sd trudng dai hgc thinh vien da dat hom
60%, ti le GS, PGS tren CBKH chiim 17%, cao
3 lin so vdi ti le trung binh cua ci nudc Thyc
tiin trong thdi gian vii'a qua, ti I^ cin bd d
DHQGHN cd truth dp TS giir d muc dn dinh
cao trong nhirng nam qua (tir 30-40%) ludn
gip tir 2-3 lin li le tuong ung trong loan he
thdng GDDH d Viet Nam Diiu nay cho thiy,
vi?c tuyin dyng, thu hiit can bp cd trinh dp
ThS, TS va dao tao cin bd ngudn sin cd dat
trinh dO ThS TS da dugc quan tim Chinh lyc
luang nay gdp phin dua DHQGHN la dan vi
boi du&ng ngin han giai doan 2000 - 2013 can bg, DHQGHN, 2013
de chuyin giao tri thirc, die biet la trSn cac tap chi qudc ti Thyc tiln d DHQGHN cd khoing
500 bii trong cic tap chi qudc te uy tin d giai doan 2001 2006, 704 bai d giai doan 2006
-2010 va hang tram cdng trinh chuyen khio, sich chuyen khao bang tiing Vi?t, tiing nudc ngoai c6 gia tri khoa hpc cao, thanh cdng nay
CO dugc la nhd mgt phan khdng nhd ciia dpi ngii CBKH tre, CBKH tao ngudn d cac dan vj thinh vien va tryc thu0c [3]
DHQGHN ludn coi cdng tic DT-BD nhim phit trien dpi ngu GV, nghien cuu vien (NCV) nham xay dyng dpi ngu cin bd cd phim chit dao diic tdt, ning lyc, kiin thiic, kT ning dgt chuin qudc te lam nen tang cho sy phit triin ciia DHQGHN
2.3.2 Diem yeu Dpi ngu CBKH thiiu dong bp vi ca cau chuyen mdn, trinh dO, lira tuoi va phin bd khdng diu giiia cic dan vi, linh vyc, nganh hgc Ddi ngii CBKH trinh d$ cao, nhit la CBKH diu din, dau nginh (cd chiic danh GS, PGS) phin
Idn diu da cao tudi (irin 56 tudi, chiim 57,8%);
ban nira CBKH cd trinh dd TSKH va TS d dO mdi tren 50 ciing chiim ti trpng tuang ddi Idn
(khoang 38%) Trong khi dd, dpi ngu CBKH tre
chua du diiu ki^n ki hic vi ganh vac trach
Trang 5nay din tdi "sy hang hyt dpi ngii" vi the he, sy
"khung hoang" vi dpi ngu CBKH diu dan, diu
nganh d hiu hit cac cic ca sd dao tao va
NCKH dang trd nen gay git die biet la ddi vdi
mdt sd nganh cdng nghe cao, kinh ti, xa hdi
mui nhgn; do tudi binh quin cua CBKH diu
din, diu nganh cao, nhit la ddi vdi cac ITnh vyc
khoa hpc xi hdi vi nhan vin
Ca chi, chfnh sich tuyen dyng, su dung vi
dai ngg CBVC chua phu hgp vdi sy chuyen ddi
nin kinh te vi nen giio due dai hgc trong thdi
ki ddi mdi toin dien
2.3.3 Co hdi
Dap ung nhu ciu ngiy cang cao ciia xi hdi
vi nen kinh te ddi vdi ngudn nhin lyc chat
lugng cao cung nhu san phim nghien ciiu
KH&CN cd tinh img dung thyc tiin cao, die
big! trong bdi cinh nen kinh te Viel Nam dang
birdc sang mdt giai doan phat trien mdi, khac ve
chat so vdi giai doan phat trien trudc: hudng tdi
sy phit trien ben vung vi nen kinh te tri thiic,
dya vao ngudn nhan lyc chat lugng cao Thuc
day manh m§ sy sang tao vi doi mdi trong quin
ly, dao tao va nghien eiiu KH&CN trong bdi
canh ddi mdi he thing GD&DT KH&CN cua
dit nuoc ciing nhu ca hdi tan dung dugc sy
quan tam va hd trg ciia Ding, Nhi nudc, cac
Bg, ban nginh vi dia phuang (thu dd Hi Npi
vi cic tinh) cd lien quan ddi vdi cic ca sd dao
tao chit lupng cao
Tic ddng tich eye lir cac chu tmang, chinh
sich doi vdi sy phii trien giio due ciia Ding,
Nhi nudc giai doan den nam 2015, tim nhin
den nim 2020 vi nhimg nim tiep theo, dac biet
cic chinh sich ve ty chii, ty chiu trich nhiem
trong ke hoach xay dyng va phit triin
DHQGHN, ddng thdi de dap iing cic yeu ciu
ciia xi hgi nen viec nang cao chit lugng dpi
ngii CBKH, giai phip kiem dinh chit lugng va
cdng khai chat lugng dao tgo ve cac dpi ngu
nay li ca hdi ak DHQGHN khing djnh va phit
DHQGHN cung la ncri dau tien trong ca nudc id chuc dao tao he cii nhan khoa hpc tii nang, thu hiit duac nhiiu sinh vien dugc giai cao trong cic ki thi hpc sinh gidi quoc gja vi qudc te, cd nhung nhdm nghien ciiu manh di trd thinh trudng phii khoa hpc danh tiing, dugc nhieu nudc tren the gjdi biet den 2.3.4 Thach tiiiic
CuOc canh tranh tren thj tnrdng KH&CN vi thi trudng GD&DT tr8n quy mo toan cau ngiy cing trd nen gay git vi phiic tap, trong do cgnh tranh tir phia cac trudng DH trong va ngo^ nudc dang ngay cang quyet li?t Cac Igi thi ngin ban mang lai do chinh saeh uu tien diu tu ciia Nhi nudc cho cac DHQG dang giam theo thdi gian va dang duac ap dung nhan rdng cho nhieu trudng DH trpng diem
Nhu ciu phat trien nhanh giao due dip iing ddi hdi cua sy nghiep CNH HDH dat nudc, phat trien kinh ti theo chieu sau tri thiic vdi cdng nghe tien tien va hdi nhap qudc te, trong khi do ngudn lyc dau tu cho giio due la cd han Nguy CO tut hiu cd the lim cho khoing each kinh te, tri thiic, giao dye gjiia Viet Nam va cac nudc ngiy cing gia tang Vi vgy, muc ti6u theo kip trinh dp giao due cua cac nudc tien tien trong khu vyc vi tren the gidi ciia DHQGHN ciing se khd khan ban Nhihig chii truong chinh sich phit trien giio dye ciia Dang, Nhi nudc, trong dd cd phat trien mang ludi cic trudng DH dan lap tao nen thach thiic ve the va lyc moi ciia nhi trudng trong he thdng da dgng cac trucmg DH trong ca nudc Tac ddng cac mit tr^ cua ca che thi trudng vio ITnh vyc GD&DT ndi chung, DHCJGHN ndi rieng va anh hudng rit Idn din dpi ngu CBKH cua DHQGHN ngiy cang manh, ddng thdi dien bien phiic tgp, tic dpng manh han nhat la khi dpi ngu CBKH dang giai doan 'tre boa" DHQGHN can cd cac giai phip hiru hieu gjao dye va quan Ii dim bio ki cuang ne nep trong mgi hoat dpng
Trang 6Yeu cau dam bio chit lupng dio tgo, ning
cao sd luang, chit Iugng CBKH cd trinh dp
chuyen mdn cao tir TS ti^ len da yd thinh mdt
thach tiiiic Idn ddi vdi tap thi CBKH ciia mdi
tmdng DH tiianh vien ciia DHQGHN, diiu niy
din den cic CBKH dd phai nd luc phin diu di
tranh nguy ca tut hau vi danh mit "thuang hieu"
3 Mpt so giai phap phat triin ngudn nhan
lire khoa hoc cong nghS a Dai hoc Quic gia
Ha Npi
Can cii tren cic sd lieu ve thyc trgng va
nguyen nhan din din vi|c phat triin nhin lyc
KH&CN tai DHQGHN chua dat dugc hieu qui
cao, chiing toi de xuit mOt sd giai phip ddi vdi
quan li phit triin nhin lyc KH&CN tiip can
trirdi dp qudc te tai DHQGHN trong chiin lupc
phit triin DHQGHN din nim 2020 nhu sau:
3.1 Tuyen dun^/thu hut cdc nhd khoa hgc dgt
trinh do quoc te
Cd the chia nhdm cic nhi khoa hgc dat
chuan qudc te thanh 3 nhdm: nhdm CBKH la
ngudi nuac ngoai, nhdm CBKH la Vi?t Ki6u va
CBKH la ngudi Viet Nam tgm thdi dang d
nudc ngoii
3.1.1 CBKH la ngudi nudc ngoai
Trong thdi gian qua, mot sd trudng da thuc
hien giai phap niy dat hieu qua Chang ban cac
chuang trinb tai ning, tien tiSn cua mgt sd
trudng trgng diem (Trudng DH Bach khoa,
Trudng DH Khoa hgc Ty nhien, Trudng DH
Xay dyng ) da mdi dugc nhimg GS cd trinh do
va kinh nghiem ciia cic trudng dgi hgc nudc
ngoii, trong do cd ci nhiing rdia khoa hpc dat
giai Nobel din giing day va hudng dan
Seminar cho sinh vien Vi du: chuang trinh tien
tiin ciia Bp GD&DT, chuang trinh nhiem vu
chiin luac ciia DHQGHN ciing da mdi duac
ban nhd c6 kinh phi ciia Nha nudc Neu nha nudc tiip tyc diu tu, thi cd tiii mdi dugc CBKH nudc ngoai vi cdng tic dai ban Ben cgnh do phin Idn cac DH tren die gidi diu ap dung chinh sich "sabbatical" tiic la cho GS dugc nghi dgy 1 nim/6 nim hogc I hpc ky/3 nam de GS cd thi sang nudc ngoai giang day Neu DHQGHN tgn dyng dugc chinh saeh nay thi cd thi mdi duac nhieu GS nudc ngoii ve lam viec Theo thdng ke so bd thi cd khoang 34
GS la ngudi nudc ngoai tham gia NCKH va giing day lai DHQGHN ti-ong dd cd GS Douglas D Osheroff Dai hpc Stanford, Hoa Ky (Giai tbudng Nobel 1996 vi Vat li); GS Sir Harold W Kroto Dai hpc Bang Florida, Hoa
Ky (Giii thuang Nobel 1996 vi Hda hgc); GS
Yu Insun Dai hgc Qudc gia Seoul, Han Qudc;
GS Tosbihide Maskawa Dai hgc Nagoya, Nhit Bin (Giii tiiudng Nobel 2008 vi Vat Ii) cd rit nhieu ddng gdp cho su nghiep GD&DT ciia DHQGHN
3.1.2 CBKH l i Viet Kiiu Hien nay, Viet Nam c6 khoang 4 trieu kieu bao sdng d nudc ngoii trong do cd nhieu ngudi giing day, nghien cim tai cic DH bing dau the gidi Phin Idn cac CBKH nay deu thiet tha, ham mudn, cdng hien cho que huang Day la ngudn CBKH dat trinh do qudc te ma DHQGHN cd the thu hiit vi cong tic va lam viec Thuc hien chuang tiinh nhiem vy chien luge 16+23, DHQGHN dang hinh thinh nliihig chinh sich khuyen khich cic nha khoa hgc la ngudi nudc ngoii, la Viet kieu cdng tic bing nhieu hinh thirc: ve nudc tryc tiep tham gia giing day, lim viec d nudc ngoai thong qua cac chuang trinh hgp tic NCKH, lam diu mdi de lap hgp dpi ngu rdia khoa hpc tir cac trudng DH
CO uy tin de gidi thieu vdi cic co sd dao tao ciia DHQGHN, vi dy nhu GS Nguyen Quang Rieu, Dai hpc Sorboime, Cgng hda Phdp sang giing day ve linh vyc khoa hoc tlii6n vin hpc tgi Trudng Dai hpc Khoa hgc Tu nhien, GS Ngo
Trang 7Bio Chiu Dgi hgc Chicago, Hoa Ky (Giai
thudng Fields nim 2010) da tiiam va lam viec
tgi Khoa Toin-Ca-Tin hpc cua Trudng Dgi hpc
Khoa hpc Ty nhien
3.1.3 CBKH Ii ngydi Viet Nam d nudc ngoai
Ki tir nhiing nim 1990 sd lugng sinh vien,
hpc vien cao hpc (HVCH), NCS cua Viet Nam
du hgc d nudc ngoai ngiy cang ddng theo dien
hgc bdng chinh phu va ty tiic Hien nay, hing
nim cd khoang ban 100.000 luu hpc sinh Viet
Nam tren khip thi gidi, nhiiu ngudi trong sd
niy d lai lam viec tai cac DH nudc ngoii Day
cung li mpt ngudn CBKH trinh dd qudc te mi
DHQGHN cd tbi thu hiit vi di tuyin dyng mdi
3.2 Bdi dirdng, phdi trien cdn bg khoa hgc vd
ddo tao cdn bo khoa hgc tgg nguon
3.2.1 Bdi dudng CBKH tre dang cong tic
tai DHQGHN
CBKH tre hi?n dang cdng tie d DHQGHN
dang li giing vien, nghien ciru vien can dugc
cii di hoc SDH, ning cao trinh do ngogi ngii, kl
ning NCKH phucmg phip giing day d mdt sd
nudc tien tien de tich luy kinh nghi?m chuyen
mdn Bdi dudng hg trd thanh cic nhi khoa hpc
cd trinh dp cao, giao cho hp cd mdt sd quyen
nhat dinh nhu giam gid lam de tham gia dio tgo
NCS Cic CBQL tre d cic khoa bg mdn d mdt
sd don vi hien nay chi cd trinh dp ThS, cin
dugc uu tien dao lao nang cap de cd dii nang lyc
linh dao chuyen mdn, tii nay den 2020 can phai
tbudng xuyen dio tgo ddi ngu can bd ngudn ke
can cho cac khoa bg mdn cd trinh do TS de dap
ung quy djnh tieu chuan ciia tnrong DH
3.2.2 Bdi dudng CBKH phii hgp vdi quyin
ty chu, ty chiu trich nhiem ciia DHQGHN
- Cic dan vi xiy dyng cac de in quy hoach,
DT-BD di DHQGHN xem xet phe duyet, cip
kinh phi
- DHQGHN va cac dan vi phii danh mgt
dao lao dpi ngii GV, NCV di dugc tuyen dung
mi chua dgt chuan trinh do qudc te (chua cd hgc vi TS)
- DHQGHN cin cho phep GV, NCV dupc nghi cdng tac de di tu nghiep d trong va ngoai nudc (ching hgn cii sau 3 nam hpc dugc nghi 1 hgc ky)
- DHQGHN s6 phai tim giii phap hd trg nhu: bd sung them nhan luc de cic dan vi tiia> thi khi sd GV, NCV duac nghi giang day de tu nghiSp, bdi dudng chuyen mdn, luan chuyen vj tri de dio tgo-bdi dudng GV, NCV
- Dao tgo GV qudc te bing ngin sich nha nudc: lya chpn GV li TS, cd du trmh dp ngoai ngii di di bdi dudng chuyen mdn d nudc ngoii tir 3 den 6 thing Uu tien cho cic nganh dio tgo
theo Bt an xiy dyng va phat trien mdt sd
nganh, chuyen nganh khoa hgc ca ban, cong ngh^ cao va kinh ti, xa hdi mui nhpn d DHQGHN dat trmh dp qudc ti (ggi tit li Di in 16+23), cu GV va can bg quin h di dao tao lai cac trudng dgi hpc nudc ngoai chgn lim doi tic trongDiinl6+23[5]
- Mdi cic GS cd uy tin tii cac trudng dai hgc uy tin tren the ^6i tham gia giing cic chuang trinh chit lugng cao, cac GV Viet Nam tham gia hudng dan Seminar, qua dd hgc t|p kinh nghiem
3 2.3 Ning cao chit lugng dio tao CBKH lao ngudn (Cii nhin tai ning, HVCH, NCS) Cac CBKH tgo nguon cua DHQGHN xuat phat tir ldp cir nhan tai nang, HVCH va NCS cin dugc tgo mgi dieu kien de dam bio vira NCKH lai vira dugc tham gia dio tao chit lugng cao DHQGHN cin cd chu truong cip kinh phi trong cac de tai, du an trong diem d DHQGHN cho cac CBKH nay
3.3 Xay dung ca che, chinh sdch dai ngg, mdi tnrdng ldm viic
3.3.1 Dinh bien nhan lyc nghien ciiu
Trang 8Neu xet tir gdc dp bi^n chi va ngudn quy
lirong thJ hien tgi DHQGHN chi cd qu> luong
hr ngudn sy nghigp ^ i o due, ngudn ty chii cua
cac dan vi va mot phin h5 trg quj luong (chua
CO quy luang) ciia sy nghiep khoa hgc, cdng
nghe dieu niy hgn chi viec bd sung dpi ngu
NCV chuyen nghiep dan din boat dpng NCKH
chua dap umg so vdi yeu ciu phat triin cua
DHQGHN theo hudng DH nghien ciiu, liy
nghien ciiu lim trgng tam, dao tgo tiidng qua
nghien ciiu, va nghien cim di dio tgo chit
lupng cao, tiip cin tri thirc hien dgi va chuin
quoc te
HiSn tai, cd rit nhieu nhi khoa hpc ti-inh dp
cao nhung sip vi huu va mpt sd can bg cd trinh
dp cao dugc phin cdng vao cac vi tri quan li vi
cdng tac quin li di ban chi cdng tic NCKH cua
bd phin can bg nay Uu thi vi mpt dgi ngii can
bp KHCN ngay cang dupc ti^ hda ddng tiidi
cung la ban chi cua DHQGHN vi dpi ngu tre
thi thudng thiiu kinh nghiem, ki ning vi y thiic
NCKH Vi?c dinh bien nhan lyc nghien ciiu
KH&CN la diiu nen lam ddi vdi linh trgng hien
nay ciia DHQGHN
3.3.2- Xay dyng ca chi die biet vi thu nhip
cho CBKH dat trinh dp qudc ti
+ Xiy dung ca che chinh sich dii ngd qua
tien lucmg, phiic Igi, ca chi phan cap ting tinh
chii dpng, Gin chS dd dii ngd vdi ning lyc
chuyen mdn va mii'c dp hoin thanh nhiem vu,
ket qua ddng gdp
+ Ca chi quin li gin vdi_Key Performance
Indicator viet tit li KPl (chi si hoin thanh
nhiem vu, trong dd tang cao cac chi tieu ve
cdng trinh khoa hpc cin cdng bi) han la theo
hanh chinh, tren co sd dd cho phep CBKH trinh
do cao cd the tham gia vio cac hogt ddng cung
ling dich vy tao th6m thu nhap, nhung van hoin
thanh cac nhifm vy trgng yiu dugc giao
+ Ludn chii trpng ling nghe va thio go
chinh sich giiip cic dan vj va ci nhin trong
DHQGHN cd dugc ngudn thu va dai ngd xung dang
3.3.3 Uu tien diu tu ve tii chinh, co sd vit chat di xiy dyng cac phdng thi nghiem/ trung tim nghien ciiu trgng diem gdp phan gia ting cic hogt ddng nghien cihi, cong bd qudc te Giai phap dugc dit ra li Nhi nudc cin cd chinh sich uu tien v§ tii chinh, ca sd vat chit
&k diu tu xay dyng cic phdng thi nghiem trpng
diem gdp phin gia ting cac boat ddng nghien ciiu vi cdng bd qudc t6 Dilu niy hoan loan cd
ca sd vi hien nay cd tren 30 nhdm nghien ciiu manh dang thyc hien cac nhi?m vu khoa hoc cd tinh miii nhgn ciia cic nganh, nhdm nganh d cic dan vi va tren quy md cua DHQGHN, dang hinh thanh trung tim nghien ciiu xuit sic Tir nam 2009, 2010, DHQGHN da khdi ddng diu
tu thi diem cho mdt so nhdm nghien ciiu manh
cd sin pham ding ki sd hihi tri tu^, sin phim dat chat lugng cao, cd khi nang giii quyet nhihig nhiem vy chinh ciia dit nudc Mpt sd phdng thi nghiem trpng diem hi|n nay dang hogt dpng cd hieu qua nhu Phong thi nghiem Trpt^ diem cdng ngh? Enam va Protein ciia Tnrdng DH Khoa hgc Ty nhien; Phong thi nghiem Micro vi Nano; Phong thi nghiem Tich hgp cac he thing thdng minh ciia Tnrdng Dai hgc Cdng nghe, Tnmg tam Nghien ciru Quoc ti Bien ddi Toan cau, Phdng thf nghiem thyc nghiem ngdn ngii ciia Trudng DH Ngoai ngir
3.3.4 Xay dyng mdi Irudng lam viec khoa hgc, van minh, tin cay, dan chu, cong bing trong danh gia san pham diu ra ve NCKH Ciing vdi viec hoan thien co che quan li, ddi mdi cdng lac danh gii cic sin phim dau ra ve NCKH, xiy dung tip thi NCKH doan kit nhit tri biet hpc hdi se tao ra mdi trudng thugn lgi de khuyin khich tiem nang ciia mdi nha khoa hpc
cd dieu kien va ca hpi phat huy nang lyc nghe nghiep, cdng hien tich eye vi dat dugc hieu qui cdng tie cao nhit, phii hap vdi khi ning chia
Trang 93.4 Khdo nghiem tinh cdp thiet vd tinh khd thi
cua nhdm cdc gidi phdp
Nhim lam tang tinh khach quan khi danh
gia tinh cip thiit vi tinh khi thi ciia cac ^ai
phip, chiing tdi da trung ciu y kien cua mot sd
cin bd lim cdng tic NCKH: GV NCV vi cin
bg quin li lam NCKH Sau khi gui phiiu hdi din
timg ngudi chung tdi cd ^ai thich cic cau hdi va
hudng din ngudi duac hdi each tra Idi; chiing ldi
da tien hinh phit 96 phieu khio sil y kiin (theo
hudng dan tgi tii lieu tham khao sd 5) vi thu dugc
96 phieu cd diy du ndi dung iri Idi Dl phan tich
kel qui khio nghiem tinh cap thiet vi tinh kha
thi ciia cac giai phap quan li da de xuat, chiing
ldi da mi hda thang dilm tir 1 den 4 tuang
duang vdi cic miic dd: Rdt cdp thiit/ Rdt khd
thi tirong img vai 4 diem; Cdp thiet/ Khd thi
tuang ung vdi 3 diim; It cdp thiet/It khd thi
tucmg irng vdi 2 diem; Khdng cdp thiet/Khdng
khd thi luang img vai 1 diem [6]
Tiep theo, chung ldi phan logi s6 phieu tin
thinh d timg miic vdi so diem quy udc di tinh
Idng diem trung binh cdng cua timg giii phap
Tren ca sd dd tinh he sd tuang duong thii bac
giira tinh cip thiet va tinh khi thi cita giii phap
Diing phep toan thing ke de xir If ket qua tri ldi
trong 96 phiiu hdi, chiing tdi tfnh ti le phin
tram doi vdi timg miic do dgt dugc cua timg
giii phap Kit qui thu dugc dugc xu li vi ting
hap thanh cac budc thyc hien dudi diy;
3.4.1 Tinh cap thiet cua cac giai phap
De sa do hda dan giin ve cac giii phap, chiing tdi tien hinh sap xip cac giai phap theo thii ty nhu sau:
+ Giai phap I: Thu but CBKH li ngudi nudc ngoii;
+ Giai phap 2: Thu hiit CBKH Vigt kiiu; + Giai phip 3: Tuyin dung CBKH la ngudi Viet Nam d nudc ngoai;
+ Giii phap 4: Bdi duong CBKH tre dang cdng tie tgi DHQGHN;
+ Giii phap 5: Bdi dudng CBKH phii hpp vdi quyin ty chii, tu chiu trach nhiem cua DHQGHN;
+ Giii phap 6: Nang cao chit lugng dio tao CBKH tao ngudn (Cii nhan tai ning, HVCH, NCS);
+ Giii phap 7: Dinh bien nhan lyc nghiin ciiu KH&CN trong DHQGHN;
+ Giai phap 8: Xay dyng ca chi die bi?t vi thu nhip cho CBKH dat trinh dp qudc ti;
•I- Giai phip 9: Uu tien dau tu ve tai chinh,
CO sd vat chat de xay dyng cic phdng thi nghiem/ trung tim nghien ciiu trpng diim; + Giii phap 10: Xay dung mdi trudng lim viec khoa hgc, van minh tin cay, din chii, cdng bing trong danh gia san pham diu ra vi NCKH
3 4 0
3 3 0
3 , 2 5 \
cs* r^-s^ i-><> r<-^ r.,<^Vi3>Vii!* ,-x^^:-^ =
Trang 10Cic nha khoa hgc dinh gii vi tinh cip thiit
ciia cac giii phip quin H phat p-iin ngudn nhin
lyc KH&CN muc dp cip thiit vdi diim trung
binh X^ 3,30 (min=], max=4) Mirc dp nay
cho ihay diim irung binh chung ciia cic giii
phip dugc danh gii li d mirc dd cip thiit Die
bigt cd giai phap dugc dinh gia (rit cip tiiiit) d
mirc c_ao nhit la: giii phip 10 cd diim trung
binh Xi = 2,36, xip bac 2/7 cd raiic dd dinh
gii "rit cip thiit" chiim ti le 53,1% Cdn giai
phap 5 cd diim trung binh Yi = 3,39 dugc xip
bac_ 1/7 cd mirc dd dinh gia "rit cip thiit",
chilm ti le 43,8% Miic do cip thiit eua cic giai
phap de xuit tuang ddi ddng diu, khoing each
giira cac gia tri diem trung binh khdng qua xa
nhau (chenh lech giiia J^imax va Ximin la
3,39 - 3,21 = 0,18), cac giai phip diu cd diim
trung bmh X> 3,2 vi dugc dinh gia Ii
cap thiet
Nhu viy, de phit triln ngudn nhin lyc
KH&CN can phdi hgp ca 10 giai phip tren, die bilt li uu tien giii phip 5 va giai phap 10 nhung khdng the xem nhe cac giai phap cdn lgi
vi mdi giii phip cd nhiing the mgnh rieng bd trg cho nhau
3.4.2 Tfnh khi thi cua cic giii phap
So do hda cic giii phip nhu sau
BiSu do 2.2 So sanh mirc do kha thi v
Ghi chii: Xla diem trung binh chung cua
cic giii phap, Xi la dilm trung binh ciia giai
phip thii i (trong dd 1 < / < 10)
Cac y kien dinh gii cac giai phap quan li
phit trien nguin nhin lyc KH&CN da di xuil
vdi diem trung binh chung ^ = 3,15 Ii dat
miic dp khi thi (chinh Igch Xi max vi Xi min
li 3,36 - 3,0J^ 0,25), cac giii phap diu cd diim
trung binh Xi> 3,0 Mirc do khi thi ciia cic
giii phip dugc cic nhi khoa hge danh gia
khong gidng nhau, dd li phy thupc vio diiu
kien thyc te cua timg dan vi Cac giai phip
dugc dinh gia la cd tinh kha thi cao Ii:
diem tmng binh ciia cac giai phap de xuat
+ Giai phap 5, cd dilm trung binh
Xi = 3,36, xep bic 1/7 Miic dO "rit khi thi"
dat till 53,1%
+ Giii phip 7 cd tinb kha thi thap nhat cd
^ = 3,01, xep bac 7/7 Do dd, can tiep tyc duoc quan tim nghiin ciiu ki hon Tuy viy, giii phip nay danh gia d miic dp "rat kha thi" van dgt ti 11 tuong doi khi d miic 40,6% 3.4.3 Tuang quan giua tinh cip thilt va tinh kha thi ciia cac giai phap
Viec tim ra sy tuong quan giiia tinh cip thiet
va ti'nh khi thi cua cic ^ai phap quan Ii phat trien n^dn nhin lyc KH&CN tgi DHQHGHN la rit cin thiet d gdc dp khoa hpc va ci trong viec ap