liiskacr liinliliBsj NGHIEN Clhi Li L U A N Q NGHIEN COU VE CHE DO DINH DU0NG CUA HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG VA TICH HOP GIAO DUC CHE DO DINH DU8NG HOP Ll TRONG DAY HOC MON SINH HOC 10 NANG CAO lEIH[.]
Trang 1liiskacr:
liinliliBsj
NGHIEN COU VE CHE DO DINH DU0NG CUA HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG VA TICH HOP GIAO DUC CHE DO DINH DU8NG HOP Ll TRONG DAY HOC MON SINH HOC 10 NANG CAO
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T M n Hal tac a i l dac - Bai boc Duic gla Hi H
Email: lafliipliiiBiig,M!itf@gmali,com
npi dung ndy trong dgy hgc S
xudt tren ddy disoan cdc gidc
khde thdng gua cde bdi hpc mdn Sinh hoc
S:^?:^!:?:!!^-^-'"-'-?^-^^^^
sijM*
vfnhdrtriSnrt'.nr^thS i / - •'• j •' " •-""^ >•""'• " ' " W i-Meooofnr7 flt/OTig coflnn
7onizzz:Lrf.TJLZfTf.i'i?ji"'^^^^^
ap giao due che ag dmh dudng nhe ) ndng lugng trong tebdo cung gi
^„A,r,Rr.jta d' " ^••-""'>edUavdomdts6ndidunavdauv ZtZuaTb"hr:dnst'hT''"''"^^^^^^^
Tir khia: Mdn Sinh hoc: dinh dudng: hoc sinh: trung hoc phd thdng
fN/id„W,„gdyW5/20,6,-«lidnte'„udpMnl,ie„vdch/„/, sdu ngdy e«,Vr7<„6,-Oi,ye,ddng„gdy27/7/20ia
2, Ket q u i tfieu tra thi/c tien ve che dd dinh dueng cda hoc sinh « mat s£ trirtmg trung hoc pho thong
2.1 Khdi niem chidd dinh dudng lidp li
Dinh dudng hop ilnghla l i thUe hien mdt chIdd an can bSng nh5m eung eip nhdng dudng chat can thiet
de cd dUdc sdc lehde tdt Chl dd dinh dudng hop iir Dua tren tat nhilu nghien cdu khda hoe, thdp an udng Bnh manh mdi ra ddi cd the giup mgi ngudi cd che dd i n can bSng va tranh dudc cae loai benh phd biln hiln nay nhu-tieu dudng, bed phi Gout Cac thuc pham tren dinh thap nen han ehe tdi da, cang xudng day thap i i cac thdc phamnenannhiluanvdaphii
2.2, OI/so Ainh (fte vd frii i7i,d ft/iiio sdf _ Chi sd hinh t h l (Body Mass index - BMI| chlnh la chl
so cothe duoc cae bae si ehuyen gla sd dung d l xae dinh dnh ttang cd t h l cda mdt ngudi nao dd cd bi beo phi thda cin hay qui gay
Nhom nghien cdu tim hilu duoe cich tinh chl sd hinh the cua bing cdng thde sau:
- „ - " » ning Org)
lch,~e„coatm)]'
1,QitvSnd<
1 Dinh dddng l i van di quan trong vao bae nhat
1 trong cuoc sdng cua mdi con ngddi, dinh dudng ed vai
' trd quan trgng ttong qui trinh phit triln cda con ngudi
hgp II kfe dii se inh hudng tdl su phit tnen ehung cila
! edthlOoi vdi hoe sinh trung hoe phd thdng (THPT), cae
em dang trong thdl ki dat dudc su trudng thanh v l the
tdi su phit trien cua eo the
* 1*1 tuoi nay, cung vdi su thay ddi ve tim, sinh 11
la su thay ddi v l hinh »i an udng Ben canh dd, su tilp
ein eac iudng thdng dn tren eic trang mang xa hdi eic
trang bio khdng ding tin ciy v l viee giam can, giudang
cung vdi su thilu hieu biet v l kiln thdc d i dan tdl viee
dmh dudng, sde khde v i hoe tip eua eic em Ngoai ra
viec an uong eua eac em edn chiu suinh hudng ttr thdi
quen an uong cua gia dinh, ban be vi dieu kien kinh te
xa hdl Wee giio due sdc khde v i che dd dmh dudng d
trudng THPT hien nay chua dudc quan tam dung mUe
Sinh hoc la mdn khoa hoe nghlSn cdu ve the gidl sdng
CO the ngudi, gen va di truyen giup hoe sinh hilu id
hieu Id CO t h l ngudi can gl d l phit triln toin dlen, t h l
nio la mot chl dd dinh dudng hop 11 Tuy nhiln, cic
dd dmh dudng eho hoc sinh khi day hdc mdn Smh hdc
De ning cad y thde van dung kiln thdc eua mdn
Smh hoc vio ddi sdng eho hge sinh vile tieh hop giio
due ehe do dinh dudng hgp II cho hoc smh thdng qua
day hgc mdn Smh hoe la vd cung cin thiet
Sdng I: Dinh gid chisoBMI theo chuan chung cua TS ChUc Yte The gidl vd chain cia chdu A
Phinloai [ WHOBMI, 1WB(kg/m') Cin nang thap (gay) < 18,5
8,5 - 24.9
IDI&WPROBMI,
2000 (kg/m'l 18,5-22,9
Trang 2Tien beo phi
B ^ phi do 1
Beo phi 36 II
Beo phi 36 III
25 - 29,9
3 0 - 3 4 , 9
35 - 39,9
40
23 - 24,9
25 - 29,9
30
40
Co tcri 38% cae em 6 miJc dfl gay, dieu n i y i n h h t l h khong nho tcii viec hpe tap va sinh hoat cOa c i c em
Sdng 3: Chl s6 SMI cua hoc sinh trudng THPT Phaiitti
Phung theo WHO
(WHO- To chOc Y teThegidi
WPRO - Ca quan khu vuc Thdi Binh DUang eua To
chOcYti Thi gidi
IDI - Vien nghien edu Binh ddi thdo dudng Qudc te)
0 e dieu tra ve chi so hinh the ciia hoc smh THPT,
chung toi da tien hanh dieu tra tren 100 em hoc sinh
Trilcjng THPT V i n Lam, HUng Yen va 34 em hgc sinh
Trudng TTHPT Phan Oinh Phung, H i Noi, ket q u i nhiT sau
( b i n g 2 va b i n g 3):
fidng 2: Ch! so BMI cua hgc smh tnfdng THPT Vdn Ldm
theo WHO
Chl tieu
SL
%
G a y d )
12 0,35
Binh thudng (2)
15 0,44
Thita dna
7 0,21
Chlti«u
So hoc smh
%
GJyII)
38
0,38
Binh thirdng (2)
62
0,62
Thii^ can(3)
0
0
Dua vao b i n g ket q u i va bieu do chung ta thay du'oe
con k h i nhieu hpc smh chira dat chi s6 co the binh thudng
So vdi ket q u i t h u d u p c cua hoc sinh trudng THPf
Van L i m , 6 t r u d n g THPT Phan D i n h Phung, tl \i h p c M
c i n , beo phi t h u d n g d a n d e n m g t sd benh, i n h huhg
k h o n g t d t c h o siic khde e i a eae e m
2.3 Ket qui dieu tra thdi quen dn uSng cila Afc sinh
C i c em cd co t h e 6 mijrc k h d n g binh t h u d n g ^
q u i h o i c b^o qua) p h a n lcm la do e h ^ d d dinh dufing chua t h u c sU h a p If, D e dieu tra ve t h d i quen i n ii6n)
sinh hoat cila hoc sinh THPT, n h o m nghi§n ciiu cHof
V i n L i m , H u n g Yen va 34 em hoc sinh trUdngTHPTPhan
D i n h Phiing, H i Ndi, k^t q u i cu t h e duoc trinh biytrot^
b i n g 4 v i b i n g 5):
fldng 4- Dieu tra edc thdi quen dn uong cOa hoc sinh THPT Vdn Ldm
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1 '
12
13
14
N6i dung
Bd bUa sdng
Sir dung do Sn nhanh: pizza, b i n h mi, hay do an vat
Sir dung tmh hot trong c i c bUa an
Sir dung protein (thit, cS, tning ,)
Sir dung rau xanh, q u i chin trong cac bcra i n
Udng bo sung sCra (sira tuoi hoac sua bot}
Hut thuoc uong ruou hoac \k sir dung c h i t kich thich
An udng dimg bUa, dung gid
Ngu tfUa
Ngii tdi mugn (sau 23h)
Cang t h i n g , mix mdi trong cac gid hoc tren Idp
An kieng degiO ddng
T|p the thao ren luyen siic khde
Vdn dung nhimg kien thUc mdn Sinh hoc vao viec an udng hay
xay dung chg do dinh dudng cho bdn than vd b i o ve sUc khde
Khdng bao
g i d
SL
48
16
3
5
8
30
87
7
19
32
15
68
13
22
%
0,48 0,16 0,03 0,05 0,08 0,3 0,87 0,07 0,19 0,32 0,15 0,68 0,13 0,22
Bdng 5: Oiiu tra thdi quen dn uona cOa hoc smh Trudnq THPTl^
STT
1
2
Noi dung
Bd bOa sang
Sir dung do an nhanh: pizza, banh mi,hay do an vat
Khdng bao g i d
SL
5
2
%
0,05 0,02
Thinh t h o i n g (1-2lSnyituSn)
SL
33
47
34
27
23
43
ID
38
38
32
62
26
43
30
%
0,33 0,47 0,43 0,27 0,23 0,43 0,1 0,38 0,38 0,32 0,62 0,26 0,43 0,3
han Dinh Phdng
Thinh t h o i n g ( 1 - 2 l 2 n / 1 t u i n )
SL
14
20
%
0,14 0,2
Thuttng xuyin Is liln t r d ltn/1 tufa]
SL
19
37
63
68
69
27
3
55
43
36
23
6
44
48
%
0,19
037
063
m
m
02?
0,03 0,55
m
m
0,23 0,06
0/H
m
ThiAngNuylall
M n t r d l i n / l l n M
SL
15
12
%
ft» ft"
Trang 3>.p!S-rs-:i^—- 5 — - - „ ^
* * ! ' I., J T ' " ' ' ' " " ^ ' " * ' " ' ' ^'*"9- " " k h i nhieu hoe sinh
^ , , thinh t h o i n g bd bda (33%) v i 19% eae e m t h u d n g xuyen m d n Sinh hoe vdi „ i s ha : ' V ' - - " ^ <•• -= " u
bd bda sang o u a p h d n g v i n , - so l ^ o l a d o ^ i c ^ m Z^ C " S ' ^ ^ ^ c e ^ c ^ : ; ^ ^ ? 1 ^ f ^
iiiiieu, tnuc khuva va trnci'is m/in c „ i , i, i : _ L - „ '
- - - ^ d d c h i n h l i v i l c ehda l u d n g h i t d d d c t i c hai cua vl^c n i y Rat It hoc sinh h i l u d u o c su lien he gida kien t h d c
n g d day m u d n vi p h i i hoc g u i nhiiuyth'uc"khu''ya'
khdng hieu i d tam q u a n t r o n g eua bua s i n g doi vdl viee
^ e u n g c i p n i n g l u o n g cho c o t h l
i i - Sd d u n g d d an nhanhi Ba p h i n eac e m d i u sd
T d g n g , ehi ed 19% la k h d n g bao g i d hoae chua bao g i d
- J u n g Ll d o c h u y l u i i d o sd thieh, cae e m thay n h d n g
11 t h u n g n l u s d d u n g q u i nhieu
- ; - ^ - " ' U ^ l t e t e i c e m c h u a y t h d c d u o e t i e d u n g t i c h c u e
_ : u a m d t so ioai thuc p h a m : tinh bdt, pidtein,',au x a n h '
m t phan duoc n h d y thde dddc nhUng khong sd d u n g
j i d o IS vl c i c e m k h o n g g u e n , k h d n g thich i n Ben canh
-np do b o me b i t an
J - Thdl quen u d n g sUa: V i n edn k h i n h i l u e m ehua d L i r n V d a y ' k h o ' h ' " ° ' * " ? " ' " " ^ ^ " * « * ' « " - • ^ - - „ — • " " vu,i Mia Milieu e m cnua
•d d u n g sua u o n g t h u d n g xuydn (30%), d o hoan c i n h
^^-tinh t l gia dinh k h d n g cho phep
, - Hut thudc, u o n g ruou, bia: Cd m d t sd luong n h d
| l a i x j u cua e i c chat kieh thieh n i y ddi vdi cd t h e h d i c
- - l u a ddi n h u n g ban be xau, eac m u d n t h d cho biet va vl
^ h a n ddi
«, • « ' * 3 2 % eac e m n g d m u d n d o cac e m p h i l iam
^ -'^ - • • • " • ' ^ " ^ "^'11 euii enua m a y d d d c vai tro cua m d n Smh hoc vdi c h l d d dinh d u d n g h i n g n g i y eua c h d n g ta, cae e m cam t h i y m d n hoe n i y qua nang
van cupc song
3 - T ' * ' ' ? P g i a o d u c c h l a o d i n h d u S n g h o p l i c h o hgc smh trong day hoc sinh hgc t r u n g hoc p h d t h o n g
3.1 Khdi niem vedgy hgc ttch hop
K h i l m e m tleh h o p t r o n g g i i o due: Theo TU dien Giao due hoe, tleh h o p la h i n h d d n g lien k i t e i c ddi Udng nghien edu, g i i n g d a y hgc t a p cua eung m d t hnh vue h o i c vai linh vuc khac nhau t r o n g c u n g m d t k l hoach day hdc
Khai niem v l day hgc Mch h d p : Khabele (19751 da dinh nghia tich h o p khoa hge n h u la m d t each t i l p can
de n i i n n Ha,, l , l , „ ^ I ^
-„ , ' , , • • " • y " -„ , , oay eac Knai n i l m
»a nguyen t i c dien dat su t h d n g nhat eo ban eda t u tucing khoa hoc va tranh nhan manh qua sdm hoac q u i
k h o n g nhan ra ranh gidi t r u y i n t h d n g eua c i c m d n hoe khi t n n h bay c i c c h u d e
*„c " - " ^ " ' " f l r s 't^f 'huang trtoh man ilnh
dl^l^"^"'"°"""""'^^'''""/"^':heagdlnh
-^ - — - • • — ^ " ^ •-iii (jjiai loiii auang
^N6i dung Smh hoc cd the tich
hop gido due che do dinh duflng
flflVal trb ciia cdc nguyen td hoa hoc
iJKrong t€ bdo
, "Jal trd ciia nudc ddi vdi te bdi
Ndi dung giao due che do dinh duong hop li
• Vai tro ciia lot vdi co the* la vo cung can thiet, thie^7
it CO the gay benh b
khrhS'n'sx^?*^^™^^
UdngnUdcdung each
Trang 4ChUc nang ciia cacbohidrat
ChUc nang ciia lipit
Axitamin
ChUc ndng cua protein
Len men lactic
Van chuyan cdc c h i t qua mdng
sinh chat - van c h u y i n thu ddng
- An dil luong cacbohidrat can thiet vi cacbohidrat co vai tro cung cdp ndng l u ^ ^ lam v i t lieu cau true cho te bao v i cOthe,
-Tranh viec an qua nhieu hoac qua it chat dUdng bdt dan den mat c i n b i n g tRxigg the va c o t h e gay nhieu toai benh nhU b^o phi,,
-Trong che do dn can cd lipit vi IJpit co vai t r d dU trU n i n g luong, cau tnie m i n g j U chat
-Tuy nhien, neu an thUc an q u i nhieu lipit se gay hien tuang bio p h i d o m d e b l K
cung cap nang lUdng cao, de dang chuyan hda t h i n h tnglyxerit de dU trU hoacc6ftl gay benh ve tim mach
-Co the ngUdi khdng t u t d n g hop duoc m d t s d axitamin ma p h i i lay tUthUc i n , VI dj;
ddu cd valin, loxin, fizin
- An dd lUOng protein c i n thiet vi protein eo chdc nang c i u true, trao ddi chltiWu
-Tuy nhien, neu i n qud nhieu protein cd the gdy cdc benh nhU:
+ ThUa can, do tfch luy qua nhieu n i n g luong;
+ Benh t i m : neu sU dung q u i nhieu protein cd nguon goc d d n g vat se khdng tfil tho tim Nen sUdung protein tUthUc vat;
+ G l i m chUc ndng ciJa gan, nao; Luong protein qud mdc se l i m co t h l sin xuStnhidi ammonia ldm gan bi ton hai,,,
+ T h i l u hut dmh dudng neu chi an protein md khdng an e i e chat khdc; + Cholesterol cao: cac protein ddng vdt cd hdm luong cholesterol eao, khdng tft dm tim mach;
-1- Benh Gouf edc protein ddng v i t co n h i l u punn, sinh ra n h i l u axit uric g i y b ^
SUa chua Id sdn ph^m ciJa qud trinh l^n men lactic Nen an sUa chua moi ngdyvlsib chua Id loai thue pham bo dudng, c i n ddi v l n d n g luong, g i i u canxi, totchosi^pMl tnen ciia xUong Thanh phan dudng lactozo trong sCra chua da len men dfi hip ttn
cd Igi cho cO the
Cic chat trong the p h i i d gidi han cho phip, neu khdng se l i m m i t edn bSng ipvA
tham t h i u trong cO the, Vi du N l u ta dn nhieu mudi, nong d o mudi d ngodi tf t ^ cao hon d i n den tinh trang te b i o bi m i t nudc, g i y rdi loan trao ddi chat ldm da kli4 nhan, tdc rung Neu an q u i nhat thl ngUOe lai, nUdcse ngam vao trong tlbJogSy
ngii vd cdn co t h l hdn mi
3.3 Quy trinh tfch hop gido due ve che dd dinh li Tuy n h i ^ n , ket q u i dieu tra tai 2 t r u d n g THPT cho th^ dttdng trong dgy hgc trung hgc pho thdng c i c enn chUa hieu dUdc t a m q u a n t r o n g cCia dtnh diffln?
Budc l : X i c dinh b i i hoc ed the tieh h o p v i muc v i chUa cd m d t che d o d i n h dUdng thUcsUhc^li.Qt tieu ciia b i i hoe g i n vdi muc tieu giao due ve che d o kien thu'c sinh hoc t r o n g c h u o n g t r i n h m d n Sinh hpclO dmh d u d n g ; n^rig ^ao cd rat n h i ^ u noi d u n g c6 t h e tich hgp giioifut Budc 2: X i c d m h ndi d u n g kien thdc ciia b i i hoc v i ve che d o d i n h d U d n g n h u n g da p h i n c i c g i i o vienJii* ndi dung c i n tich hop; hoe h i ^ n nay k h o n g g i n ndi d u n g g i i o due ndy vio DH
Buoc 3: Xac d m h c i c hoat d o n g day - hoc eho bai hoe Cd nhieu n g u y e n n h i n , t r o n g d d p h i i ke i l S n *
• giao vign cdn lung t i i n g khi t h i ^ t ke m d t g i i o i n oillct
cdc noi d u n g kien thUe eOa bai hoc, dUa vdo m o t so ndi d u n g va quy t r i n h tich hop Si *
_ N h u vay CO t h e ap d u n g quy trinh tich hdp nay d e xuat tren day d e soan eac giao i n tich h o p nhSm nin) xay d u n g eic g.ao an tfch hop g i i o due v^ che d o d i n h cao y thUc ciia hoe sinh THPT t r o n g vi&c b i o v4 sdckW
d u o n g cho hoc smh khi khi day hoe m o n Smh hgc 10 t h o n g qua c i c b i i hoc sinh hoc
nang cao
* • ' ^ 5 ! , ' " ^ " • ^ * ' L ' E U T H A H K H A O
_ Dmh duong la van de quan t r o n g trong cudc song [ l ] Berino J H, Rourke J., (2003), ObesityprevtiW cua moi nguoi va dac biet quan trong doi vdi hoc smh m preschool native American children: A pilot study m
1 HPr VI eac e m dang 6 IUa tuoi phat tri^n ve tam - smh home visiting Obesity r e s e a r c h , n : 6 0 6 - 6 n
48>RHUHgGGU0DUC
Trang 5'"Stiptjt
(2J Bnwman S A, Goitmaker S L Ebbeling C 8
" i l i j l t " ' " " " - **- • '-"'''"9 D S , (2004), Etfeas of fast food
.onsumption on energy intake and diet gudllty among
'«*S^ptT2" "r"'"""'''"""''"''''"™*''''^''''''"°''"'"•
•"HIS.,, ?'• ^ " ' * " ' " ° ' " ' ' <'''*'5- ' ™ 2 ) , Din/i t/udnn
' • [41 Brown T, Kelly S a n d Summerbell C (20071
7 - - ^ revention o f obesity: o review of interventions, ObesitJ
• k » , - e m e w j , 8 , S u p p l l , p p i 2 7 - 1 3 0 ^
ilio.lif^
[51 Chen W, U n C C et al, (2002), Approaching
healthy body mass Index norms for children and adolescents from health-related physical fitness Obesity
reviews, 3(3), pp 2 2 5 - 2 3 2
[6J Nguyen Van H i l n , (2007), Aidi dung truyen thdng
gido due sic khde Gido due vd ndng cdo s&c khde, NXB Y
hgc, t r 6 1 - 6 3
m H i Huy Khdi, (1996), May vdn di dmh dudng trong thdiki chuyen tiip, NXB y hge,Hi Ndi, t r 156 - 226
irniki L e T h i P h u o n g
^ ^"iyersity of Education - VNU, Hanoi
^^ ^'"''''•l^f'ipf>uong.dhgd@gmail.com
*'Sh,sir:r,^rs;Tette^^^^^^^
i.,.:''iOdl> ^re currently no, pau mu!ho„ei^^ZZorUct^'Z^^^^^