KHOA H O C C O N G NGHE 01 Cof hoi va thach thiJc cho cac trtfofng dai hpc va cof s6r dao tao nganh Giao thong van tai khi thanh lap AEC • PGS TS NGUYEN BA HOANG Trudng Dgi hgc Giao thdng vgn tai TP H[.]
Trang 1Cof hoi va thach thiJc cho cac trtfofng dai hpc
va cof s6r dao tao nganh Giao thong van tai khi t h a n h lap AEC
• PGS TS NGUYEN BA HOANG
Trudng Dgi hgc Giao thdng vgn tai TP Hd Chi Minh
T d m tat: Theo Nghf quyit cua lanh dgo cic
nUdc ASEAN ngiy 20/11/2007 tgi Singapore, din
thing 12/2015, Cdng ddng Kinh ti ASEAN (AEC)
se dugc thinh igp, sdm hdn ki hogch dtf tinh
trudc day vio nam 2020 Day [a cgng ding kinh
ti thtf 2 sau Lien minh chiu Au EU Cgng dong
kinh ti ASEAN li mgt trong ba trg cdt chinh ma
cic nudc ASEAN dang htfdng tdi dd li Cgng
ddng kinh te, Cong ddng Van hda - Xa hgi va
hgp tic siu rgng ve an ninh - chinh tri giij'a 10
ntfdc ASEAN Ttf nam 1993, Khu vtfc ThUdng mgi
ttf do ASEAN (AFTA) di dtfgc thinh lap bao gom
nhdm cic nudc ASEAN-6 (Singapore, Malaysia,
Thii Lan, Philippines, Indonesia va Brunei) Vigt
Nam nim trang nhdm gia nhap sau gam 4 nudc
thinh viin mdi cd kinh ti chgm phit trien hdn
dong AEC dugc thanh lap se li cd hdi vi thich
thtfc nin kinh ti cua Vigt Nam trong dd cd thj
trudng lao dgng vi nguon nhin Itfc Oay cung
chlnh li cd hgi vi thich thtfc cho stf phit trien
cua cdng tic dao tgo tgi cic trudng dgi hgc,
cao ding va cic cd sd dio tga nghi nhim dip
tfng nhu cau lao dgng trong xu the hgi nhap
siu rgng cda khu vtfc Bii viit tdm tit cic diim
chinh trong vigc thinh lap AEC vi cic cd hdi va
thich thtfc, cic giai phip theo phan tich cua tic
nhan Itfc tgi cic trudng dai hgc, cao dang nganh
GTVT ndi chung vi TrUdng Dgi hgc GTVT TP Hd
CM Minh ndi riing dip tfng nhu cau hgi nhap
TQ khda: AEC, cdhgi, thich thtfc, giai phap
ning cao chit lugng dia tao
Abstract: According to the decision of the
leaders of ASEAN countries dated 20/11/2007
in Singapore, in December 2015 the ASEAN
Economic Community (AEC) will be established,
which stated in year 2020 The AEC is the second
Ttie AEC is one of three main columns, the ASEAN
countries try to establish which are Economic Community, Cultural and Social Community and strong cooperation in political and security matters between 10 ASEAN countries Since
1993, ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) was established, including the ASEAN-6 group (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia and Brunei) Vietnam are the country group included 4 lower economical developing countries (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam) When AEC established, there are economy included labor market and human resources, and also there are opportunities and challenges for the devefopment of the education and training in colleges and universities, vocational colleges in order to meet demand of this paper we summarized main points of the process by establishing of AEC, opportunities and challenges, solutions, according to the author, for better qualities education of human resources in colleges, universities in Transport
of transport particularly
Keywords: AEC, opportunities, challenges, solution for better qualities education
1 Cong ddng Kinb te ASEAN (AEC)
Nam 2003, tgi Bali (Indonesia), Hdi nghi ThQdng dinh A S E A N da hogch dinh tam nhin
A S E A N 2020 bao gdm 3 Irg cdt chinh la Cdng
d o n g Kinh te A S E A N (AEC) vd Cdng dong Van hda - Xd hdi ASEAN (ASCC), trong dd q u y l t dinh Cdng ddng Kinh te ASEAN (AEC) se dupe
8 5
Trang 2tgi Singapore, de day nhanh q u a trinh hdi nhap
giQa cdc nudc trong khu vUc, cde nha lanh dao d d
thay doi quyet dmh day nhanh qua trinh Ihdnh tap
Cdng ddng Kinh t l A S E A N v d o nam 2015 nham
nhanh ehdng nang eao nang iQc cgnh tranh cija
ca khdi A S E A N trudc s u ldn manh cija kinh te
Trung Qud'c
Cac nudc
ASEAN
XJiom 1
Smpapore
Malaysia
Thai Lan
Philippines
Mdonesia
Bnmei
Nliom2
Viet Nam
Lao
Campuchia
Myanmar
Tong
Dien tich
(km=)
707
329.847
513.115
300.000
1.904.569
5.765
331.690
236.800
181.035
676.578
4.480.106
Dan so (ngirtri) 4.S39.400 28.200.000 63.389.730 92.226.600 230.130.000 490.000 89.5''1.130 6.320.000 13.388 910 50.020.000 485.589.660
GDP (tyUSD) 276,520 303,527 365,564 250,436 878,198 16,628 138,071 9,217 14,241 .^3,140 2.305,542
Nguin: To chtfc tien ti the gidi, 2012
(International fVlonetary Fund, 2012), din 2014 thi
Viit Nam da co si dan tren 90 trieu ngudi
AEC l a o ra m d i n i n sdn xud't va thi trudng
lhd'ng nhdl cua gan 500 tneu ddn vdi GDP dgt
hdn 2.300 ty USD vdi dien tieh gan 5 trieu km^ dat
l i l n va m d i khu vgc b i l n va t h i m lgc dja rdng tdn
Udc tinh tdi ndm 2019 thi tong ddn so khu vpc
ten tdi 670 trieu ngudi va GDP gan 3.800 l ^ U S D
Dan so GDP GDP
T»n mine (Tilfii (Tileii ngirol
nprdi) USD) a'SD)
— J.SE4.\ 6*0."1 3.-51.1- 5.59J
1 ^ I n d o n e s i a , 266,1J 1J51.87 4 S38 ,
^"iMalayaa 32.?9 538.028 1 6 4 1 ? '
1 ^PIliliDDin 107.63 5:2-3"l 4 757
I ^^Tlmilimd 6S.94 _ 491.520 • 7023
•^ """-linEannr 5S9 J ' S 191 65 790
6 D v i e t n a m 97 10 240 185 2 780
7 kjMvBnmai 7175 9 6 8 9 1 , 1325
8 B i c a m b o d i 16.19 26J92 1 6 1 4 '
9 I I L , - 6.^? 1SS98 2493
10 RniiwL 0.44 18 890 42.313
N h u vdy, s d d d n trong khu vQe A S E A N hien nay tUdng dUdng v d i Lidn minh chau A u ( EU
-European Union) h i ^ n nay v d v d o nam 2020 se
tuy nhien tong G D P c a e nudc A S E A N eh? bang khoang 1 3 % l o n g G D P hidn nay e u a Lidn minh chdu A u Theo nhgn dinh c u a mdt s d ehuyen gia kinh l l , trong qua trinh hdi nhdp, A S E A N da nhdy
tQ do A S E A N (AFTA) ten nac thang Lien minh Kinh te A E C , m d i bQdc ehuyen d l i ma Lidn minh chau A u (EU) da c a n dd'n 50 n d m Trdn thgc t l lheo nhQng cam k e l d a dupe edng b d , A E C mdi
c h i VUdt qua dupe mQc Lien minh thue quan va chfnh sdch kinh l e ehung va eung chQa ed cac
cd quan lien qude gia n h u EU Vi vdy, khdi mem Cdng ddng Kinh te khac v d i mdt Lien minh Kinh
le trong Lidn minh chdu A u v d ed l h i A S E A N se khdng tap lgi m d hinh c d ddng lien chung cua EU
2 H p i nhgp trong nganh G T V T
K l t u khi ddi m d i n i n kinh te (1986) den nay, Vidl Nam ndi chung v a ngdnh G T V T ndi rieng da
vd dang chu d d n g , lfch cQe thQc hidn qua lrinh hdi nhdp l<inh te qud'c t e , dae bidt Id hpi nhap kinh l l khu VQC, d i l n hinh la hdi nhdp kinh t l ASEAN,
A S E A N + (vdi Nhat B d n , t r u n g Qud'c, Han Q u d c )
va hdi nhap Tieu v u n g Sdng Mekong m d rpng Cae t i l n trinh hdi nhgp nay se la ddng iQc thuc day trao doi IhUdng m g i , l h d n g thQdng v d vdn tdi ndi khdi, n h d l la ddi v d i cdc qudc gia c d ehung dQdng bidn gidi Trong d d , Vidt Nam dang cd cd
hdi d l trd thdnh ciia ngd kd't ndi glQa mdt trong
nhQng n i n kinh l e Idn v d phdt trien nhanh nhdl
t h i gldl Id Trung Qude v d cde nQde A S E A N D l
l a o dieu kidn thUdng mgi bien gidi cija Vidt Nam ddi v d i cac nude lang gieng lhi ed s d ha tdng phdi
di trQdc mdt bQdc NhQng npi dung c d ban cOa hpp tac kinh t l A S E A N nhdm hUdng tdi Cdng ddng Kinh l l (AEC) v d o cudi nam 2015, ciia Hdi sdng Mekong m d rdng (GMS) Q u d trinh hdi nhdp sau rdng hdn trong giai dogn l d i se ed n l i i l u cd hdi v d thach thQe ddi v d i nganh G T V T , dac bi^t lrong cd sd hg t a n g d u d n g b d , dudng hang khdng, hang hdi va dudng sat
Hdp tde G M S dupe danh gia la hdp l d c hiOu qud nhd't trong cde ed c h i hpp tac T i l u v u n g Cac sdng k i l n va hogt d d n g lrong ehUdng trinh GMS
l d p trung v d o 9 linh v p c chinh bao g d m : GTVT
Nang lugng, M d / trtfdng, Du lich, Buu ehfnh ViSn thong, Thuong mai, Diu ttf Phit trien Nguon nhin Itfc, Ndng nghidp vi Phat triin ning thdn
M d i s d h o g i ddng lieu bieu trong cae d p dn
G M S ma Viet Nam c d l h i k l d i n nhQ Chien IQpc
vd 3 hanh tang kinh t l G M S (Hdnh lang kinh l l Bde - Nam, Hdnh tang kinh l e D d n g - T d y v d Hanh lang kinh te phia N a m ) Vidt Nam lidn quan tdi cd
3 hanh lang kinh t l nay v d da lfch CQC tham gia
Trang 3the bien q u a vide s d m thdng qua Hiep djnh V a n
luc va 3 nghi dinb ttiQ cDng nhQ s d m thUe hien
cde b i e n phdp tgo l h u a n Ipi thUdng m a i va v a n
tdi (TTF) Trong G M S cd 3 cQa khau ddu tidn ap
d y n g C B T A thi c d 2 cQa khau lidn quan d e n Viet
(Viet Nam) va cQa khau H d Khau (Trung Qudc)
-Lao Cai (Viet N a m ) Ben egnh d d , bidn nay, trong
khudn k h d G M S , cdc h p p tde cQa khau khac eung
dang dQpe phat lrien Dien hinh Id dp d n phdt trien
cQa k h i u Mpc Bdi (Viet Nam), Bavet (Campuchia)
gdp pban n d n g kim nggch thUdng m a i qua cQa
khdu nay tQ khoang 10 trieu USD nam 1999 len
hiit ddu t u va tao edng a n vide Idm cho kbu edng
nghidp (ADB, 2015)
Mdt so dQ a n quan trpng cd the ke d e n trong
c h i l n IQpe hdnh lang kinh te la Dg an n a n g cap
Dudng cao tdc T P H d Chf Mmh - Phnom Penh
(Campuchia) va d u d n Hdnh lang v a n tai D d n g
-Tay (Lao) DQ d n nang cap DQdng eao toe T P Hd
Chi Minh - Phnom Penh td mdt dp d n rat thdnh
cdng vi da giam thdi gian di ehuyen giOa hai thdnh
phd tQ 4 tdi 6 g i d Ddng l h d i , dQ d n ndi l i l n T h a i
Lan, Phnom Penh va T P H d Chf Minh tdi V u n g
Tau, dd g d p phdn tao thuan Ipi cho v a n tdi, thUdng
mai cung n h u du lich giQa Vidt N a m , Campuchia
va Thai Lan
D p dn Hanh lang v d n tdi Ddng - T a y ndi t i l n
Savannakhet (Lao) vdi tinh Q u d n Tri c u a Viet
Nam c u n g vdi Ham Hdi V a n , dp dn nang cap
cdng D d Ndng da tao nen Hdnh lang kinh te D d n g
- Tdy keo ddi khoang 1.450km DQ a n c u n g bao
gdm viec xdy dung vd ndng c a p c d s d vat chat va
dich vg tgi cQa khau Dansavanh (Ldo) - Lao Bdo
(Vidt Nam), qua d d day mgnh s u h p p tdc eua cdc
ed quan hai b e n , cai t i l n thu tue hai quan, tao
thuan Ipi cho eon ngudi, phUdng tidn v a n tai va
hang hda di e h u y i n qua bien gidi (ADB, 2011)
Gdn ddy nhat, DQ dn dudng cao tde H d Ndi
- Lao Cai ddi 245km da dUdc hoan t h d n h Day la
phan trong d g a n phdt trien ed s d ha t a n g giao
thdng cua Hanb lang kinh t l C d n Minh H d Ndi
-Hdi Phdng
Vidt Nam cd ehung 4.150km dUdng bien gidi
vdi 3 nQdc: Trung Qude, Lao, Campuchia, trdi dai
qua 25 tinh bien gidi cda Viet Nam Tinh den nay,
chfnh, 65 ci!ra khau pbu vd nhieu dQdng m d n , Idi
md_ Chung ta da cd nhieu dudng bd huyet mach
bgn Campuchia Ngodi ra, trong khudn khd hdp tdc
v i dudng b d eac nUdc ASEAN ed de ra ke hogch
phat trien 'lirang ludi dudng bd ASEAN' M g n g IQdi
dudng bd A S E A N la tdn gpi mdt dp an hpp tac giao
thdng dudng bd giQa eae nude A S E A N D p dn
dupe hinh thdnh tQ Hdi nghi Chuydn gia Dudng bp
A S E A N lan thQ t u hpp tai Hd Ndi nam 1999 Hidn
t g i , mang ludi dudng bd A S E A N gdm 16 t u y i n , trong dd cd 5 tuyen lidn quan tdi Viet N a m , dd Id: Tuyen s d 1 not lhu dd cdc nude, tuyen s d 5 ndi thu dd vdi eae cdng bien, t u y i n sd 7 v d s d 8 ndi ede dd thi Idn vdi cdc cdng bien, luyen s d 11 n i l ddng kinh t l A S E A N dupe thanh lap chdc chdn
se cd nhQng uu tien Idn eCia Chinh phu eae nQde eung nhQ cdc to chQe qude le eho vide phdt i r i l n mgng IQdi dudng bd nay Day vQa la cd hdi, vQa Id lhach IhUc cho nganh GTVT nUdc ta
Ve cd sd ha tang dUdng sat ed nhieu d p a n , trong dd noi bdt Id mgng lUdi dUdng sat xuyen A tinh Van Nam), di qua eac thanh p h d : Ngpc K h d , Mdng TU va H d K h i u cQa tinh nay, k i t n l i vdi Viet Nam, Lao, Thai Lan va Singapore Mdt tuyen trong mang ludi nay se di IQ Cdn Minh qua bien gidi Viet Trung, ve Ha Ndi, qua TP Hd Chf Minh
va ndi vdi Singapore
T h u l sudt giQa cdc qudc gia trong cdng dong kinh te ASEAN v l bdng "0", se tgo d i l u kien cho ndi dja, du lich eung se phdt trien hdn Chuyen chd hdnh khdch qua dUdng hdng khdng phat trien va tgo ra nhieu tiem nang v l vdn tdi bang hang khdng Nhu vay, ed hdi phdt t r i l n rd't nhieu nhung thach thQc cung khdng nhd Khi ehung la md cQa lhi cac doanh nghiep eCia cac nQdc bgn v d n ed Ipi the hdn chung ta ve cdng nghe va v d n , kinh ede qua trinh sdt nhgp, mua ban doanh nghiep, (dien hinh trong djeh vu bdn le la vg mua lai chudi sieu thj Metro), ntiu vgy, cdc doanh nghidp chung
ta se khd canh tranh hdn
3 CO h p i , t b a c h thQc va cac g i a i p h a p n a n g
c a o c b a t IUdng d d i v d l cac c d s d d a o t g o t r o n g
n g a n h GTVT Hidn nay, c h u n g ta cd 4 trudng dgi hpc thudc
Bd G T V T la eae c d sd d d o tgo v d dgy nghe eac
e h u y e n ngdnh G T V T , g o m c d : TrUdng Dai hpc
H a n g hai Viet Nam, TrUdng D a i hpc G T V T T P
H d C h i M i n h , TrUdng Dai hpc C d n g nghe G T V T
va Hpe v i d n H a n g khdng), mdt so trUdng cao
d a n g , cao d a n g n g h l va trung cap nghe true thude Bd vd eac ddn vj IrQc thudc Bd GTVT
N g o a i ra, ehung ta edn cd m d i s d cd sd d d o Igo eac c h u y e n ngdnh G T V T ma khdng thude s g
q u a n ly e u a Bd G T V T nhQ eac trudng dgi hpc
d d n g - ThUdng binh vd Xa hdi va eac b d , ngdnh khae, cae i r u d n g dgi hpc vd eao d a n g t u t h g c , eac c d s6 day n g h l tU t h u c
3.1 Ve cd hgi
V i e l Nam tham gia vdo cde thoa thuan cdng
n h a n ldn nhau (MRAs Mutual Recognition
Trang 4Agreement), theo dd eho phep chQng chi c d a cae
ChQc nang IUdng Qng tgi mdt qudc gia se dQpe
IhUa nhan bdi cdc nQdc thanh vien khdc lrong khu
VQc D e n nay, A S E A N dd ky k i t 7 MRAs trong cdc
ITnh VQC sau: (i) djeh vg ky IhuaL (ii) djeh vu dieu
nhau dd'i vdi chQng chi giam sat, (v) ngQdi hdnh
nghe y, (vi) ngQdi hanh n g h l nha khoa va (vii) ke
cdc cd sd ddo lao eua chung ta cdp ed ed sd phap
ty trong vide cdng nhgn t i l p can vide ldm tgi ede
nQdc A S E A N
Ngodi ra, Viet Nam cung tfeh cQc cung eac
nQde ASEAN lrien khai cac hoat dpng lrong eac
GTVT da thdng qua eae van kidn phap ly lam ed
dQdng b d
Cde dp an giao lhdng trong khu vQc se thu h u l
lpc IQpng lao ddng trS cua Viet Nam Lpi the tdn
nhat cua Vidl Nam la ed lpc lUpng lao ddng doi
ddo vd cd edu lao ddng l r e Theo sd li#u eCia T i n g
cge Thdng kd, tfnh den glQa nam 2014, quy md
lgc iQpng lao ddng tQ 15 tuoi l r d ten d Viet Nam Id
53,8 tridu ngudi, trong dd s l ngudi trong dd t u l i
lao dpng Id 47,52 lridu ngudi
Chung ta se cd cd hdi t u do dieh c h u y i n
nguon nhan tgc Trong dd nhin ehung, v l mdt
viee lam va ngudn nhan tgc khi cdng ddng kinh t l
eua chiing ta cd cd hpi tiep c a n ede viec tdm ddi
hdi it ehuyen mdn vd yeu cau trinh dp, ky nang
thap tgi eac nude Ddng Nam A khac
3.2 Thich thUc
Cd hdi nhieu nhung thach thQc eung rat Idn
do chung ta ndm trong nhdm 2 la nhdm gdm Vidt
Nam, Lao, Campuchia, Myanmar, nhQng nude
chdm phdt t r i l n va hdi nhdp chdm hdn cdc nQdc
trong nhdm 1 M d i thach IhQc ldn Id chung ta se
ngay ca lrdn sdn nhd do lrinh d d , kinh nghiem va
bang cae nQde Nhdm 1 trong khu vQc
Do rao cdn v l ngdn ngQ ma ede nudc lrong
nhdm mdt dac bidt cde nude sQ d u n g nhieu lieng
Anh nhu Singapore, Philippines, Malaysia se cd
Ipl t h i hdn chung ta rat nhieu
Chd't lupng ngudn nhdn lue cua Viel Nam edn
lhap va cd khodng cdch khd Idn so vdi cac nude
trong khu vue Ngdn hdng T h i gidi danh gia Viet
Nam dang thie'u lao ddng cd trinh dp tay nghe,
cdng nhdn ky thuat bgc cao Theo cac chuydn gia
ddnh gid qudc l e , neu lay lhang diem la 10 lhi ehdt
lupng nhan iQc cCia Vidt Nam chi dat 3,79 diem,
xep thQ 11/12 nQde chau A lham gia xep hgng
dat 6,91 d i l m ; An D d dgt 5,76 d i l m ; Malaysia
dgt 5,59 diem Do vdy, nen nang sudl lao ddng
ciia Viet Nam thudc n h d m thdp 6 c h d u A - Thai Binh DQdng (thap hdn Singapore gan 15 lan, thdp hdn Nhat Bdn 11 tan va thdp hdn Hdn Qude 10 tan) Nang suat lao d d n g c i i a Vidt Nam bdng 1/5 Malaysia vd 2/5 Thdi Lan
3.3 Giii phip nang cao chit lugng va sUe cgnh tranh
D I gdp phdn n d n g eao c h d i IQpng vd sQc egnh lranh cCia ngudn nhan IQe Viet N a m , nhal la khi C d n g dong Kinh t l A S E A N dQpe thanh lap vao nam 2015, eac ed s d gido d y e vd ddo tgo trong Nganh c a n phdi doi m d i c a n ban vd toan dien hd
t h i n g giao dgc - ddo tao, lrong dd cd dao tgo nghe
dd la C h u i n hda, Qude te hda vd Xa hdi hda
Ve Chuan hda
- Thtf nhat, trong xd hdi eung nhQ trong cdc
IrQdng cdn nang eao nhgn thQc v l vai t r d , vj lri cua vide chudn hda lrong eao d a n g , dgi hpe, trdn dgi hpe trong c h i l n lupe phat trien nhan lgc ciia ddt nudc thdi ky 2016 - 2 0 2 0 ; dua ede thang tidu
vd ndng eao hd t h d n g ehuan mpc ddi ngu gidng dgy, e h u i n mpc cho cd sd vat chd't, tdi lidu va ehuan mpc eho dau ra eua sinh vien, eae ehl t i l l eho tQng ehUdng trinh, tQng d l cQdng mdn hpe; hinh thdnh thang gia tri n g h l nghidp trong xa hpi
vd col trpng ky s u , edng nhdn lanh nghe
- Thtf hai, tang cQdng he t h i n g ddo tgo mfl,
linh boat, lidn thdng giQa ede bae hpe eua he dpng cac tidu c h u i n k i l m djnh gido dgc, cac xep hgng trong gido dgc, khung lrinh dp qudc gia, lidu chuan chuyen m d n , ky nang nghe nghl$p phU hpp vdl dat nude, xu l h i eac nude lrong khu vQe
bp v d hidn dgi trong khu vpc dan dan dp dgng vdo cdc ed sfl giao dge va dao tgo trong nQde ta
Vi Quoc ti hda
- Thtf nha't, tang cQdng lrao d l i chuydn mdn
giQa cae trQdng lrong khu v p c , trao d l i hpe thudl, hpp tae nghien cQu, tham khao chUdng lrinh ddo cap ldn nhau NhQng edn bd nghien cQu phdi v i l l dQpc bdo eao hdi thdo va eac bai bao qude te, trong trQdng, tang cudng gido vidn da tdt nghidp
d nude ngodi
- Thd hai, tang cQdng cdc d i l u kidn b d o ddm
chdt IQpng d a o l^go v d day nghe trong Ngdnh, bao gdm phat trien ddi ngu gido vidn e h u i n hda pham theo cdc cap dp (qudc gia, khu vpc va qudc
t l ) Phat m e n ehUdng lrinh d a o tgo phu hpp vdl edng nghd sdn x u a l hidn dgi theo h u d n g m d , linh hoat lhich hpp vdi n g h l nghiep trong nQdc v d ed trong khu vQe A S E A N Cde trQdng dai hpc eCia chung ta phan ldn ed quy md rdt n h d , c h i b d n g
Trang 5m d t khoa e u a ede trudng dai hpc qude t e , ed s d
trQdng c u n g rdt hgn c h e , Nha nQdc edn cd quy
che c d p dat, ho lrp nguon lgc v a tao cho vide sdt
lhi dua v d c a n h tranh dupe vdi cdc trudng trong
khu vQc
- Thtf ba day m g n h hpp tde qude t l trong gido
due dgi hpc, eao dang vd dgy n g h l , n h a l Id vdl
d khu vQc A S E A N va trdn the gidi; tfeh cUe van
ddng, lhu hut ngudn vidn trp phat trien chfnh thQc
tae vdi cdc nQde A S E A N d l tien tdi cdng nhdn
bang cap, ky nang c h u y e n m d n va nghe nghidp
giQa cae nQde, cdc trudng hudng tdi Cdng ddng
Kinh t l A S E A N vao cudi ndm nay, lfch cue tham
giao luu va hpe hdi kinh nghidm, n h U l h a m gia Hpi
thi tay n g h l A S E A N , Hpi thi tay n g h l the gidi
Vi xa hgi hda vi dio tgo theo nhtf cau cua
xa hgi
- Thtf nhat, cdc c a p qudn ly v d ed eae edn bd
gidng day tham gia gdp y hodn lhien c d e h l , chinh
saeh, quy c b i v l giao dgc dgi bpc, cao dang vd
hien nay; thue ddy ed ehe d l cd sd ddo tgo Id mdt
ddi ngd, thu hiit gido vidn ngudi lao d d n g , chinh
sdch ddo Igo Ildn l h d n g ; xdy d u n g eo che de ede
gia xay dung, danh gid, dieu ehinh chUdng trinh
dao tgo, hudng ddn lhuc hanh va ddnh gia nang
lue ngudi hpc, hudng ldi doanh nghidp phai la
mdi lrong nhQng chii t h i gido due, ddo tao n g h l
nghidp; doi m d i chfnh sdch tdi chfnh; ddy manh
xa hdi hda, da dgng ngudn IQe cho phdt t n l n , huy
dpng t i l m nang cQa xa hdi trong gido dge
- Thtf hai, gdn ket giQg giao d y e dai hpe, eao
d4ng dgy nghe trong nganh G T V T vdi thj trQdng
Igo ddng vd s g tham gia cQa doanh nghiep, p h d i
nude vd khu vQc qude t e ; xdy d p n g cdc m d i quan
he chat che glQa dao tgo vdi tri trQdng tao d d n g ,
hpi cua tQng vung m i e n , tUng chuydn nganh trong
nganh GTVT, ddp Qng nhu eau eua doanh nghidp;
hinh thdnh cac ddn vi quan hd trudng - nganh trong
cac cd sd dao tao va dgy n g h l Doanh nghiep trge
t i l p tham gia vdo eac hogt d d n g ddo tgo nhu xdy
dgng tidu ehuan ky nang n g h l nghidp, xae dinh
danh mge ngdnh nghe, xdy dpng ehUdng trinh ddo
gia cde hdi ddng trudng, hdi dong t u vdn cho cde
nganh trong eac ed sd gido due va ddo t a o „
Doanh nghi$p ed trdch nhiem eung cap thdng
tin cho cac ed sd ddo tgo vd dgy n g h l ve nhu c d u
hdi cho cd s 6 d d o tgo ve trinh d p , d i l m manh vd
So 9/2015
y l u cQa ngudi iao ddng dupc tdt nghidp tQ trudng Cde Cd sd ddo tgo to ehQc khdo sat theo ddi, thu nghidp; cd trach nhidm t i l p nhan cac thdng tin
tQ phia doanh nghidp vd thay doi d l thieh Qng vdi nhu eau cua doanh nghidp ke cd cde doanh nghiep nude ngodi tgi Viet Nam vd ede tdp dodn, doanh nghidp nUdc ngodi trong khu vQc A S E A N
m a sinh vidn eiia trudng minh dang Idm viec
4 K^t l u a n Theo nghi quyet cua lanh dgo cdc nQdc
A S E A N ngay 20/11/2007 tai Singapore, thdng 12/2015, Cdng d i n g Kinh t i A S E A N (AEC) se ngdnh kinh t l trong cd nudc, hdi nhdp trong ngdnh
ed sd ha tdng noi l i l n cdc nQde ASEAN ve dUdng
bd dudng sdt, hang khdng va hang hdi - dudng eho nganh GTVT cOa Vidl Nam Dac bidt, ciing
cd hdi eho s u djeh chuyen tu do cho ngudn nhdn igc cdc trinh dp lrong dd cd n h i l u cd hpi, nhung cung dat ra nhQng thach thQe cho cdc cd sd ddo dgi hpe nganh GTVT; ndng eao chdt IQdng, ddi cQu tap trung vao 3 hUdng chinh, dd la: Chudn hda, Qude t l hda va Xa hdi hda chinh Id chta khda nganh GTVT, dap Qng nhu c l u hdi nhdp •
Tai lipu t b a m k h d o
[1] http://www.vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cing_
d6ng_Kinh_ti_ASEAN
[2] httpy'/www.List of ASEAN countries by
GDP (nominal)
[3] T S Ld Ddng Doanh, Cing ddng Kinh ti
ASEAN (AEC): Cd hdi vi thich thtfc dii vdi Viit Nam, Tgp c h i Tig sang Bd Khoa hpc Cdng nghd
N g a y n h a n bai:20/7/2015
N g a y chd'p n h a n d a n g : 17/8/2015 NgQdi p h d n b i p n : G S T S K H N g u y e n HQu Hd