JghieMcuru i'''' • Khoa hoc Gido due THirC TRANG VA DIEN PHAP TO CHlTC HOAT DONG NGOAI TROI N H A M PHAT TRIEN THE LlTC CHO TRE 5 6 TOOl 0 TRl/ONG MAIVI NON Hoat dpng ngoai trdi (HDNT) la mot trong cac b[.]
Trang 1JghieMcuru
THirC TRANG VA DIEN PHAP TO CHlTC HOAT DONG NGOAI TROI N H A M PHAT TRIEN THE LlTC
CHO TRE 5-6 TOOl 0 TRl/ONG MAIVI NON
Hoat dpng ngoai trdi (HDNT) la mot trong cac
boat dpng hang ngay eCia tre m i u giao
(MG) d trudng mam non (MN) HDNT la mpt
hoat dpng (HD) bd ieh va lithCi ddi vdi tre MG, vi
nd cd nhung Uu the ma d nhCfng HD khac khong
the cd 6 ngoai trdi, tre dUdc tiep xuc vdi cae
hien tupng tu nhien va xa hpi phong phu, giup tre
md rpng vdn hieu biet ve the gidi xung quanh,
phat trien tri tue HDNT tre dUdc tan hudng
nhCfng dieu kien eCia tu nhien nhu nude, anh
nang, khong khi trong lanh, dugc van dpng tU
do, thoai mai, dap Cfng nhu cau van dpng eua
tre, nhd dd cd the tre dugc ren luyen, sCfc khde
dugc tang eUdng Moi trUdng ben ngoai Idp hpc
rat tdt ddi vdi sCfc khde cCia tre, va d dd tre ed cd
hpi tdt nha't cho viee phat trien the luc (PTTL)
Tuy nhien, HDNT d trUdng MN hien nay
chua dugc quan tam dung mCfe Nhieu nha giao
due (GD) va quan li GDMN eho rang HD trong
Idp quan trpng hdn Mae du trong chuong trinh
GD tre MG hien hanh da de cap den npi dung
HDNT, bao gdm 3 phan: HO cd muc dich, chdi
trd choi van dpng (VD) va choi tU do, nhung
trong thuc t i l n , giao vien (GV) thudng khong chu
y den viee lap ke hoaeh td ehCfc va lUa chpn cae
phuong tien cho HD nay so vdi cac HD trong Idp,
coi dd la gid vui chdi tU do eua tre, do dd cung
khong cd phan danh gia eho HD nay Cho nen,
HDNT d trudng MN ehua khai thac bet nhCfng
tiem nang cCia tre, ehUa phat huy dupe tinh tieh
cue, dpc lap va sang tao cCia ehung Trong dd,
cd nhifng ban che lien quan den su PTTL cho
tre Do dd, nghien cCfu td cbCfe HDNT nham
PTTL cho tre MG d trUdng MN la viee can thiet
1 Khao sat thuc trang
Thdi gian tien hanh khao sat tCf thang
9/2008 den thang 11/2008
TS DANG HONG PHlTaNG
Trudng Dai hge Supham Ha Noi 1.1 Ket qua khao sat muc do PTTL ciia tre MG 5-6 tudi trong HDNT d trudng MN
ChCing toi dieu tra mCfc dp PTTL cua 180 tre
MG 5-6 tudi trong HDNT d 3 trudng MN thupc dja ban Ha Npi, dd la trudng MN Hoa Hdng-Quan Cau Giay, Tur Lien-Hdng-Quan Ba Dinh va Hoa Hdng-Quan Ddng Da
Tieu chi danh gia've mCfc dp PTTL the hien qua td chat the lUc (TCTL) va kT nang VO (KNVD) bang cac bai tap VD, dupe chia thanh 5 nhdm: sCre nhanh, sCfe manh, sCfc ben, kheo leo, thang bang va djnh hudng ChCing toi de ra 3 mCfc dp (MD) danh gia Cfng vdi thang diem: mCfc
dp cao (MDI): 3diem, MD trung binh (M02): 2diem, MD thap (MD3): Idiem Tdng cpng cd 5 nhdm VD, sd diem tre dat dupc d cac MD se la:
M D I : 12 den 15diem (2,4dden 3d) MD2: 9 den can 12diem (1,8d den can 2,4d) MD3: 5 den can 9diem ( I d den can 1,8d)
Bang 1: ThUc trang mCfc do PTTL cua 180 tre MG 5-6 tuoi trong HDNT
Nhom
VO Oiem trung binh
VD1
1,87
V02
1,83
VD3
1,88
VD4
1,89
VD5
1,88
Trung binh cong cua 5 nhom VD
1,87
Qua viee phan tieh ket qua khao sat ket hpp vdi viee quan sat, trao ddi vdi GV, chung toi rut
ra mpt sd ket luan ve nang ii/c VO cua tre va
nguyen nhan cua thi/c trang
Lfu diem: da sd tre cd kha nang VD manh
me, lien tuc trong thdi gian kha lau ma khong met mdi Dieu dd the hien td chat sCfc manh va sCfc ben cua tre tUdng ddi tdt Da sd tre tieh cUc tham gia vao eae HOVO mpt each manh dan dCi thanh thao hay ehua thanh thao Tre 5-6 tudi ed kha nang tiep thu nhanh cac kTnang (KN) VO va
KHGD so 58, thdng 7 - 2 0 1 0
33
Trang 2Khoa hoc Gido
due-"'IfeH
tien bp tUdng ddi nhanh neu dupc hudng d i n
phu hpp
Han che: kha nang thuc hien nhUng bai tap
VD eua tre d mCfe dp thuan thue chUa eao Tre
chua nam chac KN cCia cae bai tap dd, thuc hien
chua thanh thao, sU phdi hop eae bp phan eO the
chua nhjp nhang, Thanh tich cCia tre dat dUdc
chu yeu d mCfe dp trung binh Mpt sd nang 1Uc
VO con d mCrc thap nhU kha nang phdi hpp cac
thao tac trong mpt VO, ehua kheo leo trong
KNVD tinh,,
Nguyen nhan: viee ren luyen KNVD cho tre
chUa tuan theo cac nguyen tac ren luyen Tre con
lung tung khi thuc hien mpt sd
KNVD Dieu kien, phuong tien HD
chua dap Cfng dupe nhu cau VO cuia
tre, Viee danh gia KNVD cua tre
chua dupe quan tam Nhan thCfc cua
GV ve kha nang, tac dung cCia
HDNT ddi vdi sU phat trien toan dien
cua tre chUa thuc sU sau sac cho nen sU dau tU
cho HDNT nhu hien tai la ehUa thda dang
1.2 Ket qua khao sat HDNT cho tre MG
5-6 tudi trong cac chuang trinh GDMN hien
hanh
Hien nay cac trudng MN dang thUc hien hai
loai chUdng trinh GDMN, dd la chUdng trinh cai
each va chUdng trinh ddi mdi hinh thCfc td chCfc
cac boat dpng GD Phan hudng d i n va npi dung
thUe hien HDNT eua ca hai chUdng trinh cd mot
sd Uu diem va ban ehe sau:
Lfu diem: HDNT trong ehUdng
trinh ddi mdi hinh thCfc td ehCfc
HOGD tre cd nhCfng tien bp hdn
chUdng trinh cai each, dd la thdi gian
cho HDNT cua tre da tang hdn gap
doi tCf 20 phut len den 40-50 phut;
GV tu thiet ke npi dung HDNT cho
tre va phan anh theo chu de trong
thang Do dd, GV cd the chu dpng,
sang tao trong qua trinh td chCfc
HDNT cho tre
Han che: d ehUdng trinh cai each,
thdi gian cho mpt budi HDNT cCia tre
5-6 tudi chi CO 20 ptiCit la qua it, chufa dCi de GV cd the td chCfc mot budi HDNT eho tre mot each thuan Idi Viee GV tu thiet ke npi dung HDNT doi hdi GV phai ed trinh dp ehuyen mon vCfng, cd kinh nghiem, cd su dau tu suy nghT mdi dam bao dupe yeu eau phat trien cua tre [1], [2],
1.3 Ket qua khao sat viee td chde thue hien HDNT nham PTTL eho tre MG 5-6 tudi d trudng MN
ChCing toi tien hanh khao sat 700 GVMN ve viee td chCfc HDNT cho tre MG 5-6 tudi d cac trudng MN thupc Ha npi, tinh Ha Tay (cu) Thai Binh va Nghe An va thu dupe ket qua nhU sau:
•
Mure dp
Nhieu VCfa phai
it
LTnh vuc phat trien cua tre % The
chat
87
9
4
Nhan thurc
55
4
41
Ngon
ngOr
40
48
12
Tinh cam
- xa hpi
40
49
11
Tham
ml
29
46
25
Bang 2: Nhan thifc cua GV ve vai trd eua HDNT doi vdi sU phat then eua tre
Qua bang 2, ta thay da sd y kien GV cho rang HDNT cd anh hudng nhieu nha't den sU phat trien the chat cua tre (chiem 87% y kien) Day la mpt trong cac cd sd giup cho viee td chCfe HDNT nham phat trien the lUc cho tre
Bang 3: Nhurng bien phap GV sCr dung de to chifc HDNT eho tre
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Bien phap
Lap i<e hoach Tao moi tru'dng thich hdp i<ich thich tre hoat donq tich cUc
Tap cho tre SLT dung thanh thao cac jjhUdng tien hoat dong
Tao ra cac phu'dng tien phong phu
de i<ich thich tre hoat dong Lira chon noi dung theo chu diem LUa chon, sUu tam tro chdi phu hdp v6i ICra tudi
SLT dung cac tinh hudng trong cuoc sdn^ de luyen tap cac kT nang Danh qia cac loai kTnang cua tre Danh gia, rut kinh nghiem viee td chi'rcHDNT
Mijrc do silr dung (%) Thifdng
xuyen
72
27
25
22
20
r 13
10
7
4
Thinh thoang
23
47
39
67
62
52
56
30
17
Khong bao gid
5
26
36
11
r 18
35
34
63
79
Trang 3^ ^ curu • Khoa hoc Gido due
Bang 3 cho thay: thCf nhat, GV da cd gang
sCf dung nhung bien phap khac nhau de td chCfc
HDNT cho tre NhUng da sd la cac bien phap ve
chuan bi dieu kien HD Tuy nhien, de tao ra sU
phat trien manh me ve the lUc cung nhu phat
trien ve mpi mat cua tre, can phai cd nhCfng bien
phap tich cue hdn nhU chu dpng tao ra mdi
trudng HD theo mue dich cua nha GD, tang
cudng ren luyen kTnang
ThCf hai, nhdm bien phap danh gia tre trong
HDNT khong dugc ehu y: 79% y kien GV khong
bao gid sCf dung bien phap danh gia; Do dd, rat
it GV sCr dung ket qua danh gia HDNT de lap ke
hoaeh eho giai doan tiep theo Dd la mpt ban
che khong nhd anh hudng den ket qua eua
HDNT eho tre,
TCf nghien curu thuc trang cua viee td chCfc
HDNT eho tre MG 5-6 tudi d mpt sd trUdng MN
ke tren, ket hdp vdi viee ke thCfa bien phap
truyen thdng, ehung tci de xuat mot sd bien
phap td chCfc HDNT nham PTTL cho chung
2 De xuat bien phap to churc HDNT nham
PTTL cho tre MG 5-6 tudi
2.1 NhOng quan diem dinh hudng de
xuat bien phap td chdc HDNT nham PTTL
eho tre MG 5-6 tudi
* Quan diem hoat ddng: ddi tupng cua
HDNT kha rpng Idn, NhUng trong pham vi HDNT
nham PTTL cho tre, thi ddi tupng dugc quan tam
nhat la cac TCTL TCTL trong HDNT dupe hinh
thanh va phat trien thong qua chCi yeu la cac tro
choi VD, cae HD da dang cua tre vdi thien nhien,
xa hpi
* Quan diem tich hgp: HDNT la HD mang tinh
tich hpp cao Vdi khong gian tu nhien ngoai trdi,
GV cd the td chCfe HO vdi npi dung tdng hpp, hinh
thCfc phong phu, phUdng tien da dang HDNT ed
nhieu the manh de GV ed the Idng ghep, dan cai
dupe nhieu npi dung GD khac nhau,
* Quan diem thuc tiin: tinh den cac dieu
kien khach quan va ehu quan de cac bien phap
de xuat cd tinh kha thi,
2.2 Nhung yeu cau de xuat bien phap td
chuc HDNT nham PTTL cho tre MG 5-6 tudi
* Bien phap phai phu hgp vdi dac diem IUa tuoi: cac tro chdi va bai tap dupe lUa chpn cho tre
5-6 tudi trong HDNT phai tinh den dac diem tam sinh li ICfa tudi cua chung Vao cudi tudi MG, khi tham gia cac tro chdi, dpng cd HD cua tre khcng chi nam trong qua trinh chdi ma ca trong ket qua chdi Tre thieh nhu'ng tre chdi, bai tap mang tfnh thi dua
* Phai dam bao ke hoach hoat ddng chung
cua trudng, Idp: viee de xuat bien phap mdi nha't
thiet phai dUa tren ed sd ke beach HD chung cua toan trudng, Idp nham dam bao HD binh thudng cua tre hang ngay
* Phai tinh den cac dieu kien to chifc hoat
ddng: ngoai cd sd vat chat s i n ed cua nha
trudng nhu dien tich san trudng, khung canh HO, cac phUdng tien ngoai trdi, eon phai cd nhung thay ddi gay ra sU mdi la, hap d i n , tich cUc tao
ra nhCfng phUdng tien HO mdi TCf dd se phat huy tfnh ti'ch cue HD cQa tre Neu GV tang cUdng tao moi trudng HD mpt each cd muc dich, khai thac nhung nguyen vat lieu thien nhien thi dieu kien
td chCfc HD cho tre la mot dieu kien li tudng.,,
* Phai dam bao dn luyen cac KNVD va phat
triSn cac TCTL: tinh den mCfc dp phat trien KNVD
va cac TCTL cCia tre, de tCf dd cd ke hoach on luyen, cung ed ehung mpt each ed he thdng
* Phai to chifc danh gia HDNT: danh gia
HDNT la khau it dUdc quan tam so vdi viee danh gia cae HO khae Danh gia cd y nghTa quan trpng ddi vdi viee lap ke hoach HO phu hpp vdi thuc tien va kha nang cua tre Do dd, de cd the xem xet sU phat trien cua tre mpt each toan dien,
de qua trinh giao due tre dat hieu qua trong mpi
HD, thi td chCfc danh gia tre trong HDNT va tim
ra each danh gia xae thuc la mpt khau quan trpng [3]
2.3 Cac bien phap de xuat
2.3.1 Nhdm bien phap quan ii:
- Tang cUdng thdi gian va bd sung danh gia
HDNT trong ehUOng trinh GDMN Muc dich: tang thdi gian HO cCia tre d ngoai trdi, se tao dieu kien eho GVMN khai thac tiem nang d tre ve mpi mat, trong dd cd sU PTTL Cach thCfc tien hanh: giam
Trang 4Khoa hoc Gido due- N g l
thdi gian cua cac HO trong Idp khoang 20 den 30
phut Nhu vay, thdi gian cho HDNT eCia tre se
tang tCf 40-50' len 60-70'
- Tang eUdng cd sd vat chat cho HDNT d
trudng MN Mue dich: tao khoang khong gian
ngoai trdi cho tre, d dd tre ed cd hpi kham pha
thien nhien va ren luyen eO the bang yeu td tu
nhien, Cach thCfc tien hanh: tuy thupc vao dieu
kien cua tCfng trUdng, khoang khong gian tU nhien
cd the la tu tao, tren lau hoae san trudng
2.3.2 Nhdm bien phap bo sung ndi dung:
- Suu tam, lua chpn nhCfng tro chdi, bai tap
phu hdp nham PTTL cho tre, Mue dfch: tao ra
mpt ngan hang tro chdi, bai tap phong phu nham
ren luyen cac KNVD va phat trien cac TCTL cho
tre Caeh tien hanh: thdng ke toan bp tro choi VO
trong chUOng trinh GD tre MG 5-6 tudi Suu tam
cac trd choi VD, bai tap phu hpp vdi tre, ed tac
dung PTTL Phan loai tro choi, bai tap theo y
nghTa sCr dung, Lua chpn, sap xep vao ke hoach
HDNT theo dU kien
- Lap ke hoaeh tdng the va ke hoaeh ehi tiet
Mue dich: giup GV biet tdng the ve ke hoaeh
HDNT cua tre trong mpt nam hay mpt giai doan
nao dd, tCf dd cd the chu dpng td chCfc va dieu
ehinh HO phu hpp vdi kha nang, hCfng thu, nhu
cau va SLf phat trien cua tre Cach tien hanh: lap
ke hoach toan bp nam hpc, lap ke hoach ehi tiet
cho tCfng thang, tCfng chu diem cu the DUa tren
thuc te HD, dieu ehinh ke hoaeh HD mot each
linh hoaL
2.3.3 Nhdm bien phap to chifc thue hien:
- Tao moi trudng phu hpp, phuong tien
phong phu de kich thich tre HO tich eUc Muc
dich: tao ra sU hCfng thu, da dang, kich thieh tinh
tich cue cua tre Cach tien hanh: can cu'vao npi
dung HD eu the cCia tCfng giai doan, tCfng chCi
diem, GV cd the thiet ke moi trUdng HO phu hdp,
ThCf nha't la tao moi trudng phu hdp vdi ICfa tudi,
vdi npi dung HD Thur hai la moi trUdng kich thich
su tim tdi kham pha cua tre.Thu' ba, la moi
trudng tao cho tre cam giae mdi, Caeh tao moi
trudng: thiet ke moi trudng HD, luan phien cac
gdc HO, thay ddi vi tri cae dd chdi trong san
trudng, them nhCfng chi tiet mdi eCia dd chdi
them nhCfng do choi mdi, khuye'n khich tre tao ra nhCrng cai mdi la trong qua trinh HO [4]
- Ren luyen mot each he thdng cac kT nang van dpng cho tre Muc dich: nham dat hieu qua eao trong qua trinh ren luyen kT nang va phat trien TCTL Day la bien phap ed tinh quyet dinh den su PTTL cua tre Caeh tien hanh:
+ LUa chpn npi dung HO: viee lua chpn npi dung phu thupc vao nhieu yeu td, ThCf nha't, phu thupc vao ke hoach HDNT; tbCf hai, phu thupc vao cae TCTL can phat trien, tCf dd lien quan den cac KNVD can ren luyen; thCf ba, mudn ren luyen KNVD can tuan theo cac nguyen tac ren luyen va co ehe hinh thanh kT nang
+ LUa chpn bien phap ren luyen KNVD can chu y den cae bien phap bat ehude, luyen tap va cung cd kT nang
+ LUa chpn hinh thurc ren luyen phu thupc vao KNVD hoae TCTL can ren luyen Neu dd la choi trd chdi VD thi chpn hinh thCfe theo nhdm,
td, Idp, Neu la KNVD ed ban thi chpn hinh thCfe hudng d i n ca Idp hoae ea nhan
+ LUa chpn phUdng tien de ren luyen KNVD phu thupc vao nhCfng TCTL can ren luyen Sau khi lUa chpn npi dung, bien phap, hinh thurc, phUdng tien ren luyen kTnang la den viee td chCfc hudng d i n thue hien cae kT nang dd Cac KNVD dupe ren luyen trong HDNT chCi yeu thong qua eae tro chdi VD va chdi tU do
- Danh gia tre trong boat dpng ngoai trdi Muc dich: giup GV nhin nhan toan dien kha nang cua tre de lap ke hoach HO phu hpp vdi kha nang cCia ehung Viee danh gia tre giup GV cd the phat huy mat manh, khac phuc nhCfng mat yeu CLia mdi tre, dieu chinh HD cua tre mpt each can ddi Cach tien hanh: danh gia KNVD thong qua cae bai tap VD dUa tren cac tieu ehi de ra hoae danh gia thong qua cae HO hang ngay cua tre Vdi each danh gia thCf hai, GV phai td chCfc quan sat trong HO hang ngay cOa tre Viee quan sat phai tien hanh thudng xuyen, cd he thdng, ghi chep ti mi, khach quan va phan tich ket qua thong qua nhu'ng thong tin da ghi chep
2.3.4 Moi quan he giCfa eae bien phap
de xuat:
Trang 5cuu •Khoa hoc Gido due
- Nhdm bien phap thCf nha't mang tinh dieu
kien d tam vTmo, doi hdi ve su ehuyen bien nhan
thCfc cCia cac nha quan li va xay dung chUdng
trinh GDMN
- Nhdm bien phap thCf hai mang tfnh dieu
kien d tam vi mo: de xay dung dupc ke hoaeh
chung toan ddt va the hien trong cae giao an eho
tCfng budi HO dam bao cac yeu cau ve mpi mat
thi viee sUu tam, lUa chpn va phan loai tro chdi
VO phai dupe tien hanh trUdc khi lap ke beach
HDNT
-Nhdm bien phapthCfba latdehCfcthUchien:
+ Bien phap thCf nhat la tao moi trudng,
phuong tien HD Vdi mdi chCi diem, chung toi
thiet ke moi trudng HD chung eho ea ehCi diem
Day la bude ehuan bj quan trpng, tao eo hpi eho
tre HD Phai dU kien tat ca cac dieu kien lien
quan den HO Ddi vdi mdi budi HD lai dU kien va
chuan bj phuong tien eho tCfng HD cu the dUa
vao npi dung eCia HD
+ Bien phap thur hai la ren luyen kT nang
Moi npi dung tUa chpn trong HD deu phai dutinh
mpt each than trpng kT nang can ren luyen la gi?
Phai ren luyen va cung cd nhu the nao de kT
nang dupc dn djnh? Trong qua trinh HO, viee
ren luyen kT nang dupe thUe hien linh boat tuy
theo kha nang thUc te cOa tre
+ Bien phap thCf ba la danh gia tre trong
HDNT Ngoai viee danh gia tre bang eae tieu
chi da dat ra qua cac bai tap VD ve eae KNVD
va TCTL, Chung toi cung tham khao each danh
gia thCf hai la thong qua cac HO VD hang ngay
cCia tre
Cae bien phap truyen thdng hoae bien phap
mdi de xuat deu ed nhCfng Uu diem va ban ehe
khae nhau Trong qua trinh td chCfe HDNT can
van dung mpt each linh boat, sang tao va phdi
hpp mpt each hpp If eae bien phap se cd tac
dung bd sung cho nhau va dem lai hieu qua cao
3 Ket luan
HDNT d trudng MN la mot boat dpng GD
ehinh thurc trong chUdng trinh GDMN Cac npi
dung hudng d i n thuc hien mang tinh khai quat
cao, neu GV thieu kinh nghiem se khd khan
trong viee lap ke hoaeh HD va td ehCfc HDNT Thdi gian phan phdi cho HDNT cho tre MG 5-6 tudi tCf 30 den 50 phut, thdi gian nhU vay la qua
it de cd the td chCfc HD theo dU kien
Da sd cac can bp quan li va cac GVMN deu nhan thCfc dupe tam quan trpng eua HDNT ddi vdi su phat trien toan dien eCia tre ndi chung va PTTL ndi rieng Tuy nhien, nhan thCfc dd ehUa thUe SLf sau sac, cho nen chua ed sU dau tu thda dang ve ed sd vat chat, ve chuyen mon cho HDNT Khung canh, moi trudng HDNT chua
dugc cai thien, td chCfc HD chUa cd sU linh boat,
sang tao, doi khi HDNT trd nen gd bd vi each td ehCfc nang ve eung cap kien thCre nhU mpt tiet hpe mang tinh ap dat, tre it dupc HD , Cung ed tinh trang ngupe lai, tCfc la GV de cho tre HO tU
do nen gay ra su met mdi, qua su'c ddi vdi tre
GV chUa tich cUc tao ra phuong tien HD Vi vay, viee td ehCfc HDNT dat hieu qua chUa eao, nhieu khi con mang tinh hinh thCfe Dieu nay dupe the hien qua dot khao sat ve mCfe dp PTTL cCia tre
MG 5-6 tudi d mpt sd trudng MN Ha Npi
TCf thUe trang tren, ehung toi da nghien eCfu nhung co sd djnh hudng va cac yeu eau de xuat mpt sd bien phap td ehCfe HDNT nham phat trien the luc cho tre mau giao 5-6 tudi Va hi vpng rang nhi/ng bien phap ma chung toi de xuat se gdp phan nang cao chat lupng td ehCfc HDNT eho tre m i u giao d trudng mam non
TAI Lieu THAM KHAO
1 Bo Giao due va Oao tao, Chuang trinh giao due mam
non NXB Giao due, 1998
2 Bo Giao due va Oao tao, Chuang trinh giao due mam non NXB Giao due, 2007
3 Karyn Wellhousn, Outdoor play every day Delmar
Thomson Learning, 2002
4 Ltfu Tan, The due the thao nhi dong trudc tuoi di hoc,
NXB The due the thao, Ha Npi, 2002
SUMMARY
The author describes the results of a sun/ey on status
of physical development by 5-6 year old children in outdoor activities in Hanoi, Thai Binh and Nghe An provinces Based on that the author proposes measures for organis-ing outdoor activities for 5-6 year old children