Hirdng tich hop nhiitig kien thuc lien quan giula liai phan mon Ljch sir vaNgffvanoftnrbngTHPT I THirC TRANG VA MUC TIEU 1 Trong khdng khf doi mdi phQdng phap giang day d nhi lu bd mdn, vdi viec lay h[.]
Trang 1Hirdng tich hop nhiitig kien thuc
lien quan giula liai phan mon Ljch sir
vaNgffvanoftnrbngTHPT
I.THirC TRANG VA MUC TIEU
1 Trong khdng khf doi mdi phQdng phap giang day d
nhilu bd mdn, vdi viec lay hpc sinh lam trung tam, hpc
sinh se chu ddng hdn trong viec t i l p thu k i l n thQc K i l n
thQc cua tQng ddn vi bai hpc vQa ddi hdi hpc sinh t i l p can
d c h i l u sau lai phai dat ra yeu eau v l c h i l u rdng ddi vdi
ngQdi hpc, tQc la cd sQ tfeh hdp nhilu phan mdn, cu the
la nganh khoa hpc xa hdi g i n gui nhau: NgQ van va Lich
sQ
2 N h i l u nam nay, cQ sau mdi lan thi tdt nghiep THPT
nhilu phQdng tien thdng tin dai chQng, nhilu td bao tQ
trung Qdng den dja phQdng lien tuc thay nhau dQa ra
nhQng thdng tin budn!
Hpc sinh thi mdn lich sQ cd d i n vai tram em bi diem 0,
d i l m 0.5, Hpc sinh v i i t van thi ngd nghe, rat nhilu vi
dy dQdc dang tai the hien d i l u nay:
Kieu la 1 ngddi con gii tai sac verk-toan, song ning da bi
che do phong kie'n vui vao ddng bun nhd Den ndi, chiu khdng
ndi, nang da nhiy xudng sdng Tien Giang tdvin May thay
Idc dd cd mot bi di cdng tic ve, bi lien nhay xudng sdng
cdu ning Sau dd, Kieu giac ngg va di theo con dUdng Cich
Mang (tQ lieu sQu tam tQ thQc te phd thdng)
O mdn Ljch sQ, hien tUPng d i l n dat lung tung cung
khdng kha quan hdn:
Quan dich danh ra, quin ta dinh vao ao ao nhuli tre
rung, dong chi phe ta dinh thing cha phe nd ghe he't sdc
Ke't qua: Sau 55 ngiy dem chien da'u oai hung, ngiy 71
-1991, phe ta thangphend, chdng ta da giet sdng dddc 16,200
chung nd, phanh thay 62 miy bay (em quen mat ten miy
bay roil) (tQ lieu sQu tam tQ thQc te phd thdng)
Ngay ca trong eac ky thi hpc sinh gidi Van, hien tQpng
"bat c i n " tai hai v l n xuat hien:
Day la vi du phan md d i u trong bai lam eua hpc sinh
Nguyin Phi Thanh, Idp 11A18, trQdng THPT Viet DQc,
Ha Ndi, da tQng gay chan ddng dQ luan, ngQdi ddng tinh,
ngQdi phan dd'i va ton nhieu g i i y mQc cua bao chi:
Ndi de'n Nguyen Dinh Chieu, ngddi ta thudng nhd den
mot thay giio md yeu nddc, cd tii thd van nhdng cugc sd'ng
gap nhieu bit hanh Nguyin Dinh Chieu sing tic khi nhieu,
ndi tieng li tap thd Ndm "Luc Vin Tien" vi trong van hgc Idp
11, chdng ta dddc lim quen vdi tic pham Van te nghla sl
Cin G'tugc Bii te dddc Nguyen Dinh Chieu sing tic de
DAY VA H O C N G A Y NAY SO 1-2010
<; c: T h S T R A N M I N H THlJOfNG
i ,1 ' x n -' TrQdng THPT Mai Thanh The
tudng nhd nhdng chie'n sl, nhdng ngUdi ndng dan da hysinh trong phong trao Can VUdng khi thUe din Phip tan cong Gia
Dinh, Sal Gdn Tudi Tre - 13.5.2005
Nguyen nhan thi cd n h i l u , nhQng cd le khdng the bo qua viec hpc tap t i l p thu k i l n thQc cua hai phan mon Ljch sQ va NgQ van dd'i vdi cac em la vQa yeu, vQa thieu Khd khan tQ khach quan, nam ngay trong hai bp sach giao khoa, chQPng trinh NgQ Van va chQdng trinh Ijch sQ chQa ed sQ ddng thuan v l thdi gian, vf du cu the bai
Tuyen ngdn dec /ap (HCM), chQdng trinh NgQ van, hpc b tuan 2; bai Ijch sQ Cao trio khing Nhat cdu nddc va Tong khdi nghla Cich mang thing Tim nam 1945 NUdc Viet Nam din Chu Cdng Hoi ra ddi, hpe d bai 19, chQdng II, phan
bai, thdi gian sau dd kha xa
ChQdng trinh lich sQ hien tai lai cd sQ phan bd khdng can xQng giQa Ijch sQ van boa va Ijch sQ chien tranh Cac bai viet v l chie'n cdng va cac tran danh chiem ty le Idn hdn
Qua tham dd tQ thQc te d dja phQdng chQng tdi nhan thay giao vien bac trung hpe phd thdng d hai chuyen nganh nay cd gdi, cd hQdng cho hpc sinh nhQng kien thQc lien quan, song nd chQa thQdng xuyen va cung chQa thQc sQ cd c h i i u sau
Vay lam sao cho hpc sinh hpc ljch sQ (cu the la Ijeh sQ Viet Nam) dd nham chan, linh boat, k h i e sau dQdc kien thQc NgQdc lai, khi nhQng hpc sinh nay hpc mdn NgQ van thi khdng bj nham l l n nhQng chi t i l t cua ljch sQ? Giao vien cua bai mdn ed quan he "hp hang" nay ft khi ngdi lai eung nhau de ban bac trao ddi them v l chuyen mdn N h i l u giao vien NgQ van khdng nhd nhilu kien thQc Ijch sQ (phan Idn chi xem chQ thfch rdi giai nghTa lai cho hpc sinh, ft cd sQ trao ddi vdi giao vien day Ijeh sQ va ngQdc lai)
II BINH HU^OfNG CACH TICH HtfP GIUfA HAI CHU^OfNG TRINH NGit VAN VA UCH StifGl TRl/ofNG THPT
1 Gidi thieu sach va khuyen khi'ch hpc sinh doc them sach lien quan 6 c a hai gic( day Ljch sQva NgO van
d mdn Lich sQ: Vf du: day bai Chie'n dich Dien Bien
Phug'\d'\ thieu hpc sinh dpc thd Hoan hd chien slDien Bien (Td HQu); day NUdc Viet Nam td2.9.195- 19.12.1946, gidi thieu cho hpc sinh dpc Ldi keu ggi toan qud'c khing chien;
Trang 2Hoi ky Nhdng narh thing khong the nao quen (Vd Nguyen
Giap),
6 mdn van: Day bai Thuat hoai(Pharr] Ngu Lao); Cam
/loai (Dang Dung) gidi thieu hpc sinh dpc lai Lich sQ thdi
Tran; Cio Binh Ngd (Nguyin Trai), gidi thieu hpc sinh
doc Lich sQ thdi ky dau cua nha Hau Le,
2 Gidi thieu phim anh, ban do, ti'ch hop kien thQc
lich sif khi day Nguf van
V i d u : Mdn NgO van, day Viet Bic (Td Huu)
chQdng trinh NgO van 12, cho hpc sinh xem ban do
chien dich Dien Bien Phu Bai Vo nrtaf (Kim Lan)
cho hpc sinh xem anh lich sQ ve nan ddi dau nam
1945,
3 Djnh hQdng tich hdp trong Xiing bai hpc cu the
3.1 Mdn Lich sutich hop vdi mdn Ngd van (chdng toisd dung sich dinh cho chddng trinh nang cao)
• , : ( '
ij'rp
10
BAI HOC LjCH
SU' Cac quoc gia cd dai
phuong Tay - Hi
Lap vil Roma
Trung Quoc thdi
Dudng - Tdng
Trung qudc thdi
Minh, Thanh
Sir phat trien lich su
va van hoa An Dp
Nudc Van Lang, Au
Lac
Cac cupc dau tranh
giiinh dpc lap (tir TK
VI dSn TK X)
Xay dung vi^i phat
trien van hoa dan tpc
( T K X - T K X V )
KIEN THUC M O
Vein hoc dan gian
0 - di - \c' vd I - li - at hai su thi cua
Homera
, — •,
i • ^ • , , , , , ; , , \
• • ' • ' • ' • • • ; '
Su thi Ra - ma - y - a - na Truyen thuyet: Con rong chau tien:
Tluinli Gidng; Banh cliinig banh daw All Duong Vuong My Cliiiii -Trong Thin;
Ai ve Phii Tho cung ta/ Nhd ni^dx i;i6 to thdng ha m6ni> mudi
Ai ve den ni^a ba Chanh/ Ghe xem phong can/i Loa Thanh Thuc Virani^/
Cd Loa tluinli 6c la tliirdng/ Trai bao nam thdng neo dirong con day
Ru con con iii^u cho Idnli/ De me gdnli nirdc rira hdnli con vol/ Muon coi len nui md coi/ Coi hd Trieu tirdiig cuoi voi ifdnh cong
Sa Nam tren chg clirdi do/ Noi Men Hdc De dirng codling binh
Ddi vua Thai To Thdi Tong/ Lua trd ddv dong trail chdng them dn Sdng iilidt 1(1 sdng Bach Ddng/ Ba lun i^iac den ba Idn gidc tan, Cao iilidl Id niii Lam Son/ Co dng Le Loi traiiii iii^dn hirdc ra Hdm mot Le luii hdm hui Le /jri
N NGU'VAN
Van hoc viet
Tho Dudng cua Ly Bach Thdi Hieu Do Phu Vuong Xuang Linh Vuong Duy vii Bach Cu
Di
Tieu thuyet Tam Quoc dien
nghla
, , • • : • : • • • :
• ' : : , 1 ' • •
, , - ' :
Van hoc TK X - TK XV: Tha
Ly - Tran, Chieu ddi dd; Hich
tir&iii; sl; Phu sdiii; Bach Ddng; Cdo Binh Ni^d; Hong Diic Qudc dm ihi tap; Quoc
dm tlii lap (Nguyen Trai);
ciic doan trich cua Dai Vict sir
k\- loan tliir \ c Trdn Thu Do: Trail Qudc Ludn
Trang 3Tinh hinh viin hoa tu
tuong TK XVI - TK
XVIII
Ddi sdng van boa tu
tudng nua diiu TK
XIX
Le con thi Trinh ciliii; con/ Le md Slip dd Triiili klidiii^ \'cn luyen/
Tram quan cd mdt nhir md/ De cho Iliix Qudn vdo sd clidnli cung
Tu ngdy Canh Tri len ngdi/ Khoai cliira moc chdi dd nhd len dn
Liiv Tluiy ai dap md cao/ Sdng Gianh ai bdi ai dao md sau
Bdn gie ddm dm sdng ngdi/ Rach Gdm Xodi Miit mudn ddi oai lin/i
Nguyen ra rdi Nguyen lai ve/ Chiia Trinh mdt ddt vua Le hay cdn
Phong trao cdng
nhan quoc le cuoi
TK XIX - dau TK
XX
Thdng tdm cd chieu vua ra/ Cdm (jiidn klidng day ngudi ta hdi hung/
Ti'r iii^dy Tir Due Idm vua/ Cam clidiii^ c/dy noi tre khac nliir ri: Mot ngdy md cd ha vua/ Vua sdng vua chet vua thua chay ddi/
Tho Nguyen Binh Khiem:
Truyen ky man liic - Nguyen
Du,
Tha Hd Xuan Huang; Nguyen Cdng Tru: Ba Huyen Thanh Quan Cao Ba Quat, dinh cao
la Truyen Kieu cua Nguyen
Du cac the loai loai ciia van hpc dan tpc phat trien manh me: ngiim khiic hinh thirc STLB: luc bat va hat ndi
Ba cdii'.; hien vl dgi cua Mdc
(Ane - ghcn)
11
Cupc khang chien
chdng thuc dan Phap
xam lupc (1858
1884)
Rdny ndm Tir Due hay cdn/ Co ndm
ha cliiec tdu con nd \do / Tdu nciy ldu ciia nudc Tay/Nd sang Idm giac sir ndy lui ddu? Giac Tay danh den Cdn Gid/ Bao dung thuong nhd dpi
did iidiii; cdng
CV) colli; anil (tiing liiyct vdi/ Ong
Trirong "ddm Id tdi trdi" (tdnh Tay
Ke sl cho clli ke iidiif^/ Ai ai rdi cimg nuit Idip; chdn vua
Tha Nguyen Dinh Chieu
Huynh Man Dat (Hoa hong
Nhirt Tao kinh thien dia/ Kiem bac Kien Giang khap (jiiy than): Nguyen Khuyen
Phong trao chdng
Phap cua nhan dan
Viet Nam cudi TK
XIX
Vi ui that thu kinh do/ Vi ai du chiia phai vo chon ndy: Hdm Nghi chinh thuc vua trung/ Con nhu Dong Klidnli Id ('mg vua xdng
Cd cluing Cdng Trdng ho Dinh/
Dung cir Ba Dinh chdng danh gidc Tin;
Tho van Nguyen Khuyen, Triin
Te Xuong
Phong triio yeu nudc
vil each mang o' Viet
Nam tu dau TK XX
den Chien tranh the
aioi thir nhat (1914)
Chieu chieu iren Phu Van lliii/ Ai ngdi/ Ai can/ Ai sau/ Ai ilium/ Ai llimmg/ Al cam/ Thuyen ai tlidp thoang hi'ii sdng/ Nghe cdu mdi day clianh Idng nudc non; Bdn than ddi may ddng xu/ Tint xiuriig vui gdc cao su may tdng
Tho' van Phan Boi Chiiu
DAY VA HOC NGAY NAY SO 1-2010
Trang 4Phong trao giai
phdng dan tpc 1939
- 1945
Tir khi ci) Dang Dimg Duong/ Dim
ta hiet rd con dudng ddu tranh Bii'ii Ddng ci) liic voi day/ Mdi tint
de (jiidc cd ngdy niio (pieii
Tha Td Hiru (tap Tu ly)
Nliat ky trong tit - HCM
Tha ca Cach mans
Cao trcio k/u'ing Nhdt
cuu nudc vil Tong
k/ioi nghia Cdch
mang t/idng Tiim
ndm 1945 Nudc Viet
Nam dim Chu Cong
Hod ra ddi
•ic.} A I •
.•'.Q'-jd
Tuyen ngdn itoc lap - HCM
Nudc Viet Nam Dan
Chu Cpng hoa tir sau
ngay 2.9.1945 den
trudc ngiiy
19.12.1946
Hdi ky Nhimg ndm thiing
khong the ndo c/uen (Vd
Nguyen Giap)
Loi kill goi todn r/iioc khdng chien - HCM
12
NhQng nam diiu cua
cupc khang chien
toan quoc chong
thyc diin Phiip
!-',rl
Tha ca khang chien chong
Phap: Tiiy Tien (Quang Dung);
Dong Clli (Chinh Huu); Nlur
(Hong Nguyen); Ben kia sdng
Dudng (Hoang Ciim) Tha
H6 Chi Minh
Cupc khang chien
toan qudc chong
thirc dan Phap ket
thuc ( 1 9 5 3 - 1954)
Hoan ho chien si Dien Bien; Viet Bdc (Td HQu); Ddt nudc
(Nguyen Dinh Thi),
Xiiy dyng xa hpi chu
nghia a mien Bac,
chien dau chong
chien lupc ""chien
tranh dac biet" cua
de quoc My a mien
Nam(1961 - 1965)
>/ r;
• i : : I
Ba mirai nam ddi ta co Dimg
tap Gio Long (To Huu); Tieng
hdt con tiui (Che Lan Vien); Si)ng Dd (Nguyen Tuan); Nhiing dira con trong gia iiinli
(Nguyen Thi); Rinig xii mi
(Nguyen Trung Thanh);
Nguyen Diiili Chieu ngi)i sao sdng trong vdn nghe dim t()c
(Pham Van Ddng);
Viet Nam tren dudng
doi mdi di len chu
nghTa xa hpi (1986
Van hpc Viet Nam tu 1986
-het TK XX: Chiec tliiiyin
ngodi xa (Nguyen Minh
Chau); M()t ngudi Hd Noi (Nguyen Khai); Hon Trirong
Ba du Hdng thit (Luu Quang
Vu)
, :|, • ir
( l i ' i i ^ '"^ ! ; ' I /
Trang 53.2 Kiin thirc lich sir tich hgp khi dciy NgQ- vdn
Phan loai BAI HOC NGU' VAN
VHDG nuoc
ngoai
VHDG Viet
Nam
Tdng quan ndn van hpc Viet Nam qua cae thdi ky lich su
6 - di - xe
Ramayana Chu Ddng Tu
An Duong Vuang va My Chau - Trpng Thuy
Tha Ly Bach; Do Phu; Bach Cu Dj; Vuang Duy,
Tam qudc dien nghla Tha Haiku
Seexpia (Romeo - Juliet) Khai quat van hpe Viet Nam tu TK X - het TKXIX
Thuat hoai (Pham Ngu Lao); Cdm hoai
(Dang Dung) Tran Thu Dp Tran Qudc Tuan
Phd sdng Bach Ddng (Truang Han Sieu) Cdo Binh Ngd; Canh tinh ngdy he (Nguyen
Trai)
Cdc ngam khuc Truyen Kieu, truyen Ndm khuyet danh Thitvng kinh ky su (Le HOu
Trae); Chieu cdu hien (Ngd Thi Nham)
Vdn te nghia sT Cdn Giuoc (Nguyen Dinh
Chieu); Tha Nguyen Khuyen, Tha Tu Xuong,
Bdi ca chiic tet thanh nien (Phan Bdi Chau)
Khai quat van hpc Viet Nam tu dau TK XX
- 1 9 4 5 Van hpc lang man: Tho/ truyen ngan,
Van hpc hien thye: truyen ngan Van hpe Cach mang: Tu ay, NKTT,
Va nhat (Kim Lan)
Va chdng A Phu (Td Hoai)
KIEN THlTC LICH SlT Tdm tat lich su Viet Nam tu ngudn gdc den nay: tu ngudn gdc 1858; 1858 -1918; I 9 I 9 - 2 0 0 0
Hy Lap cd dai
An Dp ed dai HQng Vuang - Van Lang Qudc gia Au Lac
Trung Qudc ddi Dudng Trung Qudc thdi c6 dai va thdi Minh - Thanh Nhat Ban
Phong trao van hoa Phue Hung (d Anh) Lich su phong kien Viet Nam tir TK X
-1858 va 1 8 5 8 - 1918
Dai Viet thdi Tran
Dai Viet thdi Hau Le (TK XV)
Dai Viet thi ky XVII - XVIII - XIX
Viet Nam cudi TK XIX, khi Phap danh Nam Ky (1861) va chiem ca Bae Ky,
Viet Nam tu 1918 ve sau
Lich su Viet Nam tu' 1858 - 1918 va 1919-1945
Ljch su Viet Nam nhung ngay trudc Cach mang thang 8.1945
Lich su Viet Nam trudc Cach mang dudi che dp thuc dan chua dat mien nui) |
DAY VA HOC NGAY NAY SO 1-2010
Trang 6Khai quat van hoc Viet Nam tu 1945 - het TKXX
Tuyen ngdn dpc lap
Tay Tien (Quang Dung); Viet Bdc (Td Huu) Nhimg nam thdng khdng the nao quen (Vo
Nguyen Giap)
Tieng hdt con tau (Che Lan Vien); Sdng Dd
(Nguyen Tuan)
Nhiing dira con trong gia dinh (Nguyen
Thi); Rirng xd nu (Nguyen Trung Thanh);
Ddt nudc (Nguyen Khoa Diem) Nguyen
Dinh Chieu ngdi sao sang trong van nghe dan tdc,
Chiec thuyen ngodi xa (Nguyen Minh
Chau); Mot ngudi Ha Ngi (Nguyen Khai);
Ddn ghi ta cua Lorca (Thanh Thao);
Ba cdng hien vT dai cua Mae
Nguai trong bao (Sekhdp) Lao Gd - ri - 6 (Balzac) Nhimg ngudi khdn khd (V Hugo)
Ljch su Viet Nam tu 1945 - h ^ TKXX Cach mang thang 8.1945
Cach mang Bac My - 1776/ Cach mang
Tu san Phap - 1789/ Chien tranh the gidi lan2(1939 - 1945)
Viet Nam nhiing ngay khang chien chdng Phap (1946-1954)
Mien BSe xay dyng XHCN (1955 -1964)
Lich su" Viet Nam nhirng nam thang chdng My ; '
Viet Nam tren dudng ddi mdi di len xay dung CNXH (1986-2000)
Phong trao cdng nhan qudc te cudi TK XIX - dau TK XX
Nudc Nga cudi TK XIX
Phap TK XVIII-XIX ' -' ' ' '•
\ ' i • < \ >••• ' • '\ r d
Ngoai ra cdn cd the tich hdp dpc: Trung Qudc (cud\_
TK XIX - dau TK XX), Lich sQ 11, tich hpp vdi tae gia Ld
Jan - Thudc (NgQ van 12); hoac Phong trio Van hoi
Phue hdng (Lich sQ 10) cd the tfeh hdp vdi Seexpia va
Romeo - Juliet (NgU yar\ 11); bai Nhat Bin (lich sQ 11) cd
the lien he vdi thd HaiKu (NgQ van 10), bai lich sQ: Cugc
khang chie'n chong thdc dan Phap xam Idde (1858-1884)
ti'ch hdp vdi Nguyin Dinh Chieu ngdi sao sing trong van
nghe dan fpc(Pham Van Dong), NgQ van 12
Ket luan
3.1 Tang cQdng sQ hdp tac giQa giao vien, eung nhQ
khong de hpc sinh "quen" lang phi kie'n thQc khdng bie't
sd dung chung khi lam bai, trong khi chQng rat "gan"
nhau Nhieu ddn vi bai hpc, hpc sinh hpe mdn nay, da
bie't ludn kien thQc cija mdn kia va ngoge lai
3.2 Khdng nen va khdng the ddng nhat giQa van
hpc va lich sQ, nhQng cung khdng nen biet lap va tach
chung ra qua xa
3.3 Linh boat trong each tfeh hdp, lam sao eho IQdng
kie'n thQc vQa du de hpe sinh tie'p thu, tranh nang ne,
trung lap, khdng bie'n gid day van thanh day sQ hoac ngQpc lai, nhQng cung khdng the xem nhe bd qua, khdng nhac de'n nhU trQdc nay Chu yeu la lien he, so sanh, de khie sau kie'n thQc bai hpc cho hpc sinh
3.4 De nang cao chat IQdng day hpc hai bd mdn khoa hpc xa hdi ma nhieu hpc sinh ngao ngan, chung tdi dQa
ra hQdng tfeh hdp nay vdi hy vpng cung se gdp dUdc mdt phan nhd de thQc hien muc tieu giao due ma chung
ta da de ra ~ '
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO /^
1 Tran Dinh Sii (tong ehu bien), Sach giao khoa Ngd
van, Idp 10, Idp 11, Idp 12, NXB Giao dye H 2006,
2007, 2008
2 Phan Ngpc Lien (tong chu bien), Sach giao khoa
Lich sd, Idp 10, ldp 11, Idp 12, NXB Giao due H 2006,
2007, 2008
3 Pham Hong Viet, Ca dao Hch sd, NXB Giao dye, H
2007