NGHIEN ClJUVA TRAO DOI L''''W i I NHOVG BIEN PHAP S t PHAM D E sir DUNG TAI LIEU LICH S U N I N H I I • • • THUAN TRONG DAY HOC UCH SlJ VIET NAM GIAI DOAN (1954 1975) 6 TRUONG TRUNG HOC PHO T H 6 N G ''''Le[.]
Trang 1NGHIEN ClJUVA TRAO DOI L'W
i I
NHOVG BIEN PHAP S t PHAM D E sir D U N G TAI LIEU LICH S U N I N H
I I • • •
THUAN TRONG DAY HOC UCH SlJ VIET NAM GIAI DOAN (1954-1975)
'LeTheKy
Sd Gido due vd Ddo tao
L y ludn day hgc bd mdn Ljch sir da khang
dinh: Su dung tai lieu lich sir dia phuang
(LSDP) trong day hgc ljch su Viet Nam
(LSVN) d trudng phd thong la het sue can thiet,
gdp phdn ndng cao chdt lugng day hgc: "Nhung
chdt lieu lich sir dia phirong se ldm cho bdi hgc ve
lich sir ddn tgc thdm chi cd lich sir the gidi them
song dgng, cu the vd thirc hon, tgo nen nhirng xuc
cdm that ciia hgc sinh hogc thdy gido trong moi
bdi hgc lich sir, do Id mgt trong nhirng gid tri eo
bdn cua bg mon Uch sir d nhd tnrdng" [1] Bdi,
sii dung tai lieu LSDP trong day hgc LSVN giup
hgc sinh (HS) co su hinh dung da dang ve qua
khii, tao dugc bieu tugng sinh dgng, chfnh xac
ve cac su kien, hien tugng Uch su Tir dd, cac em
cd the de dang ITnh hgi cac thudt ngir, hinh thanh
cac khai niem lich sii, nam dugc nhiJng ket luan
khoa hgc mang tfnh khai quat Tai lieu LSDP con
cd tac dung giao due tu tudng, tinh cam, dao due
cho HS Moi su kien LSDP deu gdn liln vdi tiing
ten dat, ten ngudi cu the, gdn gui vdi cuge sdng,
tir do ggi cho cac em niem tu hao, bdi duang tinh
yeu que huang, ddt nudc
De khac sdu cho hgc sinh nhung kien thiic cua
Hch sii dan tgc (LSDT), de HS ndm rd nhirng su
kien lich su da xay ra tren que huang minh, yeu
cdu dat ra cho mdi giao vien (GV) lich sir la phdi
sir dung tai lieu LSDP De sii dung hieu qua tai
lieu LSDP trong day hgc LSVN giai doan
1954-1975 (SGK ljch su' 12-Chuang trinh Chudn),
trong bai viet nay tdi trinh bay nhiJng bien phap
su pham de GV cd the van dung trong qua trinh
giang day
Sii dung tai lieu lich su Ninh Thudn dk tao
bieu tugng lich sir
Trong day hgc lich sir, xudt phat tir dac trung
bg mdn, ciia dac diem nhdn thirc lich sir nen viec hinh thanh tri thuc cho HS phai bat dau til' viec tao bieu tugng, day la ca sd de hinh thanh khai niem, neu qui ludt, rut bai hgc kinh nghiem
"Bieu tugng lich sir Id hinh dnh ve nhirng sir kien, nhdn vdt Hch sir, dieu kien dia ly dirge phdn dnh trong oc hgc sinh vdi nhfrng net chung nhdt, dien hinh nhdt" [2] Nhu vay, ngi dung cua
su kien Hch su dugc HS nhdn thirc thong qua viec tdi tao nen hinh dnh ve su kien qua khii bang nhirng boat dgng ciia cac giac quan Song khdng phai nhin va nghe la cd the tao dugc bieu tugng,
ma phai tien hanh nhirng bien phap su pham, nhung each day hgc hgp ly
Tai lieu LSDP phan dnh nhirng mat cu the, sinh dgng cua su kien qua khii d mgt thdi ki nhdt dinh nen gdp phdn tfch cue vao viec tao bieu tugng LSDT cd lien quan Tai lieu cang phong phu thi cang tao dieu kien cho HS nhdn thirc lich
su, tai tao hinh dnh sir kien mgt each diing dan han Chang ban khi day bai 21, d muc 2: Mien Nam chien dau chong chien lugc "Chien tranh dac biet" ciia My Khi de cap den su sang tao, dung cam cua qudn va ddn huyen Bac Ai trong viec chdng lai dl qudc My GV cd the sii dung
doan tu lieu "Pi Ndng Tdc Bdy dd " :
"Cuoi ndm 1959 ddu ndm I960, My Diem thirdng xuyen md nhieu cuoc cdn quet phd buon ldng, tiep tiic thirc hien chinh sdeh gom ddn Chung dira vdo lire lirgng dong, trang bi vH khi hien dgi da lung sue sdu vdo vung cdn cir cua ta
d Bdc Ai Dich cho qudn len dong don Td Lit
Ma Ty, don Ddu Suoi
De chong lgi su cdn quet cua dich, dong
Thing Tin
KHOA HOC &CONG NGHE Mm
Trang 2F J NGHIEN CliUVA TRAO 001
hdo dd tirng hirdc cai thien vii khi vd the trdn
ho phdng Tir cho ditng mdt logi vii khi ddnh tra
dich, ta dd ket hgp nhieu logi vii khi nhir chong
cung hdn xoa hdy dd, ten nd tgo nin mgt hinh
cluing hgp thdnh de tieu diet dich Tieu hieu
Id trdn chdng cdn tgi xd Phudc Binh vdo ngdy
10 S 1961 dich huy dgng mdt dgi ddi linh hdo
an cdn tir Phirdc Hda len Pliirdc Binh Biet ro dm
miru cua dich ddng chi PI Xdng Tdc cimg vdi
anh Xiin vd lire lirgng du kich phdi hgp vdi don
vi 120 ddnh dich
Tir PInrdc Hda len Pliirdc Binh chi cd mgt con
dirdng mdn duy nhdt, dim vdo dia the hiem Ira
cua deo Gia Tiic Ddng chi Pi Ndng Tdc dd chi
huy qudn ddn du kich Phirdc Binh xdy dung trdn
dia phuc kich dich hdng hdy dd ket hgp vdi cung
ten vd chdng
17 tri phuc kich rdt Igi hgi, mot hen Id vdch
niii cd do cao khoang 30", Pi Ndng Tdc cho ddt
1" chiee hdy dd lien hodn, cdch nhau 20 met,
mdi bdy da ddi trung binh 5 met, rgng 2 met Bao
gdm cdy gd Idm sgp, mgt ddu dira vdo vdch niii,
ddu kia dira vdo mgt cdy go ldn nam ngang, hai
ddu huge ddy keo, tren sgp gd chdt nhirng tdng
dd ldn nhd khdc nhau tir 20 50 kg nhd tira vdo
vdch nui nen dd cd 2 ngirdi dieu khien Phia dirdi
con dirdng mdn, ddng chi cho cdm chdng ddy dgc
cd tdm thudc dgc Ben cgnh con dirdng mdn Id
virc sdu con Sdng Trirang ehdy xiet Lire lirgng
du kich dirge bd tri a 2 phia tgo thdnh the trdn
bao vdy tieu diet dich
Dung nhir dir dodn cua ddng chi, cd dgi ddi
dich lgt vdo trdn phuc kich Theo lenh ciia ddng
chi Pi Ndng Tdc tdt ca cdc logi vii khi dirge hdt
chdt an todn, 17 ii dd khdng Id dm dm tir do cao
30 met do xudng cimg vdi ten nd cita qudn ddn
du kich Bgn dich hodng sg bd chgy tdn logn ldm
nhieu ten chet, nhirng ten sdng sdt hd chgy hi sup
hdm chdng, ten thi lao xudng virc thdm vd bi lire
lirgng du kich dung cung ten tieu diet " [3]
Qua viec tao bieu tugng ve nhdn vat Pi Nang
Tac, GV mgt Idn nira khac sdu cho HS ve chu
nghTa anh hiing each mang, tao dugc d cac em
niem tin vao su lanh dao cua Dang; sire manh cQa
qudn chiing nhdn ddn trong cudc chien mgt mdt
mgt cdn vai giac My
Sir dung tai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn de day hgc neu van de
Dieu quan trgng dau tien ddi vdi viec day hgc noi chung, day hgc lich sir ndi rieng la phai kheu ggi sir hirng thu ciia HS thu hut cac em chu y vao gid hgc lam cho hoat ddng hgc tap phai dugc cac
em xem nhu la de thda man nhu cdu nhdn thirc
Vi the ngudi GV phai ludn tao ra tinh hudng c6 van dl, hudng dan HS bill dat va giai quylt vdn
dc
Day hgc neu van de, khdng chi la phuang phap,
ma cdn la nguyen tac chi dao viec tien hanh ciia nhilu phuang phap day hgc lien ket vai
nhau Trong dd, diem ca ban la GV tao ''tinh
hudng cd vdn dc" "neu vdn de " vd td chirc thiic
ddy hoat dgng tim tdi, sang tao cua HS khi giai quyet vdn de Nha giao due hgc N.G Dai-ri da
khang dinh.- "Gid hgc neu vdn de Id gid hgc co
qud trinh hgc tap nhdn thirc phii hgp nhdt vdi cdc qui ludt nhdn thirc " [4]
Cung nhu nhieu ngudn tai lieu khac tai lieu LSDP la mgt tai lieu quan trgng nham tao ra nhirng tinh hudng cd vdn de nhu: mdi quan he giira LSDP va LSDT tfnh qui ludt \ a dac thii trong su phdt trien ciia LSDP dat HS vao tinh hudng cd vdn de chira dung mdu thudn giira cai biet va cai cdn tim kich thich HS tu giac cd nhu cdu giai quyet vdn de hudng cac em vao hoat dgng tim tdi de chu dgng chiem ITnh tri thiirc Khi sir diing tai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn theo each da\ hgc neu vdn de \ a gidi qu>et van de se dam bao mdi tuang quan giura ITnh hgi tri thirc mgt each chii dgng sang tao va ITnh hgi tri thiic
cd tfnh chat tai hien trong day va hgc lich sir Chang ban khi giang bai 21 d muc 2: Phong trao "Ddng khdi" (1959-1960) GV cd thi neu va hirdng ddn cdc em van dung tri thirc lich su Ninh Thudn de giai quyet lam rd vdn de:
17 sao sau Nghi quyet 15 cua BCH Trung uang
Ddng phong trdo cdch mgng ciia Ninh Thudn (nhdt Id a mien niii) da phdt trien nhanh ve dien, sdm gidnh dirge nhirng ket qud to ldn?
Su' dung he thdng cdu hdi ggi md, GV cd the giup cho HS tu gidi quyet van d l tren:
Trirdc khi cd Nghi quyet 15 cua BCH Trung
| i | ^ ^ ^ _ Thing Tin 10 • KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE
Trang 3NGHIEN cdu VA TRAO DOI E l
uang Ddng,chii truang cua ta nhu the ndo? Vi
sao lgi chii truang nhu vdy?
Tinh hinh ddu tranh chdng My - Diem a Ninh
Thudn trudc Nghi quyet 15 dien ra nhu the ndo?
Thirc hien Nghi qiiych 15 ciia BCH Trung
uang Ddng, trong cudc ddu tranh chdng My
Diem qudn va ddn Ninh Thudn dd dgt dugc
nhirng ket qud gi tieu bieu.''
Em cd nhdn xet gi ve v nghTa cua sir ra ddi
Nghi quyit 15 ciia BCH Trung uang Ddng?
Sau khi cac em tra ldi cac cdu hdi ggi md
d l khdc sdu them phdn kien thirc, GV ket ludn:
Phong trdo cdch mgng ciia Ninh Thugn trong
nhirng ndm 1954-1960, nhdt Id tir sau khi tiip thu
Nghi quyet 15 ciia Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang
Ddng (khda II) vd dugc sir tdc ddng chung ciia
chiin trudng miin Nam Trung Bd, ddng bdo cdc
ddn tgc miin niii ciia Bdc Ai, anh dQng dd tir
dirng day phd bd hdng logt khu tap trung dira
nhau vi niii dng bd sinh sdng (gdn 10.000 ddn
Bdc Ai, anh diing dugc gidi phdng) Phong trdo
cdch mgng cua Ninh Thudn (nhdt Id a miin niii)
dd phdt triin nhanh vi diin, thuc lire chinh tri
vd luc lugng vH trang cUng dirge tdng cudng Bd
mdy Idnh dgo tir tinh, huyin (vung), xd dugc
cung cd Qudn ddn Ninh Thudn cung phong trdo
"Ddng khdi" Nam bd vd phong trdo Nam Trung
Bg gidng cho dich nhieu ddn bdt ngd, gdp phdn
ldm phd sdn chiin lugc chiin tranh dan phuang
ciia dich
Su dung tai lieu lich su Ninh Thudn ket hgp
vdi do dimg true quan
Su kien lich sir la cai da dien ra trong qua
khur, khdng bao gid chung ta true quan dugc cac
su kien lich sir, ma chiing ta phdi tim hieu thdng
qua cac ngudn tai lieu, de tai tao lai birc tranh
qua khur nhu nd da tirng dien ra: " Trong dgy hgc
lich sir, phuang phdp trirc quan, gdp phdn quan
trgng tgo biiu tugng cho hgc sinh, cii thi cdc sir
kien, khdc phyic tinh trgng "hiin dgi hda " lich sir
ciia hgc sinh [5]
Dd dimg true quan neu dugc sir dung tdt se
huy ddng su tham gia cua nhieu gidc quan, se ket
hgp chat che hai he thong tin hieu vgi nhau: mat
thdy, tai nghe Qua do se tao dilu kien cho HS
de hieu nhd ldu phat trien d cac em kha nang quan sal su hirng thii dac biet la su tfch cue hoat dgng Ngugc lai, neu sir dung khong diing each va lam dung thi se de lam cho HS phdn tan sir chii y, mat tap trung va han che sir phat trien nang lire tu duy
Tai lieu LSDP, vdi cac phuong tien ho trg hgc tap, cd sir td chirc va hudng dan ciia GV
se giup HS cd bieu tugng cu the sinh dgng ve
LSDT "Nd Id chiee cdu ndi giira qud khir vd hiin
lgi", lam cho qua khir gdn han vdi nhdn thirc ciia
HS gan cac cm vdi ddi sdng xa hgi
Vf nhu, khi giang bai 23, d muc 2: Cudc Tong tiln cdng va ndi day Xuan 1975 De tao bieu tugng chdn thuc ve cuoc Tong tien cdng va ndi day Xudn 1975 cua qudn va dan Ninh Thudn, GV
cd the sii dung doan tai lieu LSDP:
"Sdng 14/4/1975, liing phdo cdng kich cua dgi qudn ta hdt ddu nd, khdi lira triim lin cdc diem chdt cua dich a Bd Rdu, Sudi Dd Kien, Ba Thdp, Nui Ddt vd sdn bay Thdnh San den 7 gid sdng ndy 14/4/1975, dgt hda lire cudi citng vira chdm dirt, cdc chiin si cua su dodn 3 bd binh tdn cdng chiim qudn Du Long vd cdc vi tri Bd Rdu Sudi Vdng, Sudi Dd Tiiu diet mdt bd phdn sinh lire dich Ddng thdi be gdy nhiiu dgt phdn cdng ciia dich giir virng bdn dgp da chiem Trin dudng
II, Trung dodn 25 bd binh, cung lire lirgng dia phuang ddnh chiim mdt sd miic tieu ngogi vi sdn bay vd day lui cudc phdn kich ciia Lir dodn Dit, din sdng ngdy 15/4/1975 sau nhiiu dgt tdn cdng
ta dd ddnh bdt bgn dich ra khdi Kiin Kiin, Ba Thdp
5 gid sdng ngdy 16/4/1975, linh tdn cdng dugc phdt ra tir Sd chi huy Su dodn 3 ciia dgi qudn ta Phdo binh ta lap tire tim cdc vi tri ciia dich vdo trong biin lira Lire lugng ta chia ldm 3 miii; Miii thir nhdt cd xe tdng ddn ddu tien theO qudc Id 1 Sau khi ddnh chiim Phan Rang, se phdt triin lin sdn bay Thdnh San tir hudng Nam Miii thir 2: tir hirdng Tdy Bdc ddnh thdng vdo sdn bay Thdnh San Miii thir 3: ddnh chiim cdng Ninh Chir, khdng cho dich thdo chgy ra bien Phoi hgp vdi qudn chu luc, lire lugng 311 a nui Cd Dit xudt kich, ddnh tgt vdo sudn qudn dich dang thdo chgy trin dudng I, va bdt lien lgc
Thing Tin
KHOA HOC &CONG NGHE M^M
Trang 4F J NGHIlNCOUVA TRAO DOI
ddn dirdng cho chu lire tien vdo Phan Rang ()'
hudng Tdy Bdc 2 dgi ddi ddc cdng vd cdng hinh
cua qudn khu 6 vira tdng cirdng cho Ninh Thugn
dd hinh thdnh I miii phdi hop viri luc lirgng dia
phuang thgc thdng xudng Phudc Thien Ninh
Oiiy Ninh \hiuhi vd virgt qua cdu sdt, vdo klni
vuc Bao In (Thdp Chain) Tgi dinh Tinh truang
(Xgitvi cdc chien si cua dgi ddi 311 vd sir dodn 3
dd hdt mdt sd til hinh trong dd cd mdt ten trung
td Cimg liic dd tgi SV; cht huy tien phuang, mdc
dii dugc tin \c ldng cua ta dd trdn nggp Phan
Rang, nhung tudng Nghi vdii cdn hi vong Id
cd the logi trir nidi de dga dd hdng each chgn
dirng cdc lire lugng phia Nam, cd lap de lieu diet
nhirng hd phdn di ddu cua ta vdo Vdi hi vgng dd,
Nghi da lung het lire lugng cdn lgi ra phan kich
Den 9 gid 30 phiit ngdy 16/4/19'^5 qudn la
da Idm chii Phan Rang, cd mat Iran giai phdng
phdt phdi tung hay tren ndc dinh tinh trirdng
Ninh Thudn " [6]
Khi trinh bay, GV nen ket hgp trinh bay ban
do chien dich vdi birc anh "Bd dgi ddnh chiim
Ida Hdnh chinh liic 9 gid 30 ngdy 16 thdng 4
ndm 1975 " Sau khi cho HS xem dnh va lam viec
vdi tai lieu, GV dat cdu hdi "Ninh Thudn dirge
gidi phdng cd y nghTa nhu thi ndo ddi vdi cudc
tdn cdng vd ndi day Xudn 1975:' "
Sau khi HS tra Idi, GV cd the chdt y de cac
em nam ro: Ninh Thudn dugc gidi phdng, chien
thdng ndy ghi tiip danh sdeh linh thir 12 dugc
gidi phdng, ddng thdi cung ghi them mdt chien
cdng mdi ciia qudn ddi ta ve sire mgnh vd nghi
ihugt liin cdng tap dodn phdng ngu ciia dich
bdng luc lugng binh chiing hgp thdnh, bdng tdn
cdng vd ndi day cua lire lugng qudn sir vd chinh
Iri phdi hgp nhip nhdng
Nhu vdy, "Id chdn Phan Rang tuyen phdng
thii Sdi Gdn tirxa Iren hudng chit veil, lia hy vgng
cudi ciing cita dich hodn loan tan vd Mdt Phan
Rang, khodng cdch bdo vi Sdi Gdn bi thu hep
ddn, tinh thdn chiin ddu cua nguy qudn, nguy
quyin gidm sut, khd ndng phdng ihii d cdc vi tri
tren dudng sd I bi yiu hdn Ninh Thudn dugc
gidi phdng da md dudng de dgi qudn ta tiin ve
Sdi Gdn theo dudng sd 1, giai phdng Binh Thudn,
Binh Tuy vd tiin sdi Xudn Ldc, uy hiep cdnh cira
phia ddng cua Sdi Gdn
Su dung lai lieu ljch sir Ninh Thudn de dat cdu hoi bai lap nhdn thirc nham phat trien tu duy hgc sinh
Trong day hgc ljch sir de phat huy tfnh tfch cue, seing tao ciia HS trong gid hgc, cdn thiet phai CO he thdng cdu hdi bdi tap theo dung dac trung bd mdn, phai dat cac em vao tinh hudng co van dl mdi huy dgng dugc cac hoat dgng tu duy, huge cac em phai tu lam vice.dudi sir hudng dan ciia GV mdi dat dugc hieu qua Theo PGS.TS
Iran VTnh Tudng: "hdi lap nhdn thirc trong dgy
hgc lich sir Id linh hudng cd vdn di md Irong qud Irinh ^iai quyel, hgc sinh phai hiit van dung kiin ihirc dd hgc nhirng ldi lieu lien quan, biel lim Idi, sdng Igo [7]
Nhu thi, bdi tap nhdn thirc la bai tap dugc GV dat ra theo muc dich day hgc giup djnh huang viec hgc vd bai tap cho HS hinh thanh kien thirc mdi Bai tap nhdn thirc la mgt bien phap tich cue hda hoat dgng ngudi hgc, la boat dgng sang tao ciia HS dua tren ca sd tu du> dgc lap va cd y nghTa quan trgng trong viec ndng cao hieu qua gid hgc Hch sir Bien phdp nay giiip HS tir viec nam cac su kien hien tugng Hch sir qua cac qua trinh thao tac tu duN de tim ra bdn chat cua cac
su kien, hien tugng lich sir dd Co cac loai bai tap nhdn thirc sau:
Thir nhdt, sir dung tai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn
de giiip HS tiep can kien thirc mdi: trong qua trinh len lap: Vf nhu khi giang bai 23 d tieu muc 2: Cuge Tdng tien cdng va ndi day Xuan
1975 GV cd the ra bai tap: 17 sao chinh quyen
Sdi Gdn mudn xdy dung luyen phdng thii tir xa d Phan Rang? Vi sao Phan Rang lgi dugc coi Id
"Id chdn thep de bdo ve Sdi Gdn tir xo? De giai
quyet bai tap nay, GV ggi y cho HS mgt sd cdu hdi ggi md:
}' do cita dich khi xdy dt-rng tuyin phdng thu tir
xa Phan Rang?
Phan Rang cd vi Iri chiin lugc nhu thi ndo ddi vdi viec bdo vi chinh quyen Sdi Gdn?
Di Ird ihdnh "Id chdn thep " bdo ve Sdi Gdn tir xa, dich dd xdy dung Ure lugng nhir the ndo?
Sau khi HS suy nghT va tra Idi, GV lam ro cac
^ ^ Thing Tin
12 • KHOA HOC &
| t 2 |
CONG NGHE
Trang 5NGHIEN CUIUVA TRAO DOI E1
y: Sau khi cdc linh tir vTluyin 17 din Khdnh Hda
Ldm Ddng dugc gidi phdng, chinh quyen Sdi
Gdn dirng trirdc nguy ca sup do hodn todn Nhdm
ciru vdn tinh Ihi, chinh quyen Sdi Gdn, dugc My
giup sire, quyit tdm dung lin d Phan Rang mdt
"Id chdn thep" hdng chdn dirng, lieu hao, ghim
giir mdi bg phdn ldn binh lire quan trgng cua
qudn la, nhdm cd giir lgi cdc dia bdn cdn lgi a
cue Nam Trung Bd vd Nam bd Chiing mong dua
vdo he thdng phdng ihii ndy de Iri hodn cudc liin
cdng cua la cho din miia mua, sau dd se linh tiip
nhirng budc di chiin lugc liep theo
Phan Rang cd vi Iri chiin lugc vd cung quan
trgng, cdch Sdi Gdn khodng 350 km, ndm Iren
ngd ba dirdng sd I vd dirdng sd II di Dd Lgt,
noi liin Trung Bd vdi Nam Tdy Nguyen vd miin
Ddng Nam Bd Cd cdng biin Ninh Chir di dgt
hgm dgi ngodi khai; cdn cir khdng qudn Thdnh
San chira dugc sd lugng ldn mdy bay Niu chdt
giir Phan Rang se dn ngir dugc con dudng II tir
Dd Lgt xudng Phan Rang, dudng sd I tir Cam
Ranh di vdo Nam Vdi vi Iri chiin lugc dd, dich
nhgn dinh: niu giir dugc Phan Rang, lap cdi "Id
chdn •' d ddy se chdn dugc dirdng bd ldn dudng
biin cua ta
Xdc dinh dugc nhirng ihudn lgi, cho nin
chiing tdng Idc tdng qudn vd hd hit: "Phdi giir
bdng dugc Phan Rang, lap d ddy mgt Id chdn
thep di chdn cdng sdn liin cdng theo dudng bg
vd dudng biin " Di tiip sire chinh quyin Sdi
Gdn keo ddi gid hdp hdi, tdng thdng My G Pho
dd lap cdu hdng khdng khdn cdp, gdp rut tdng
cudng vii khi, trang hi cho qudn ddi Sdi Gdn Vi
phia chinh quyin Sdi Gdn, chung lap ra Bd tu
linh tiin phuang do Trung tudng Nguyin VTnh
Nghi ldm tu linh vd Chudn ludng Phgm Ngge
Sang (nguyen tu linh Su dodn 6 khdng qudn ciia
dich vita thdt trgn d Pldycu chgy vi) Sd chi huy
cita chung ddng a sdn bay Thdnh San (ndm d
phia bdc Phan Rang 10 km)
Tudng Nghi lap tire gom gdp bgn tdn qudn
thdt trdn tir cdc nai chgy vi ciing vdi binh linh
cua Ninh Thugn, Binh Thudn, Binh Tuy, lap lgi
2 Trung dodn 4 vd 5 thudc Su dodn 2 Ddng thdi
nem them vdo khu virc ndy mot sd dan vi chii lire
di tdng cudng thim cho cdi Id chdn Phan Rang
Nhu vdy, liic ndy qudn dich a Ninh Thudn cd han 10.000 ten dugc trang hi day dit, cdc dan vi gdm cd: Su dodn khdng qudn sd 6 thieu (khodng 100 mdy hay cdc logi); 2 Tning dodn vd 2 Tiiu dodn
bd hinh, I Lien dodn 31 biel ddng qudn; 2 Chi dodn xe Idng; a ngodi khai cdn cd 1 hgm ddi sdn sdng chi vien Vdi thuc lire dd, chinh quyin vd Bd Chi huy qudn ddi Sdi Gdn nudi hi vgng se chdn dirng dugc cdnh qudn Duyen Hdi trudc cira ngd Phan Rang
Cach dat va ggi y gidi quyet bdi tap nhdn thiic nhu vdy thu hut dugc su chu y ciia HS, kfch thfch
tu duy cac em trong viec tim ra phuang phap gidi quyet bai tap
Thir hai, sir dung Idi lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn
di xdy dung bdi tap nhdn thirc cho HS trong viic
lu hgc a nhd
Chang ban, sau khi hgc xong bdi 23, GV cd
the ra bai tap ve nha: lap nien bieu ve cudc Tdng
liin cdng vd ndi day Irong todn linh Ninh Thudn Iheo mdu sau:
Nam thang Su kien Y nghia
De gidi quyet dugc bai tap nay yeu cdu HS phai ve nha suu tdm tai lieu LSDP cd Hen quan, muc dfch cua GV ra bai tap nay la nham ren luyen kha nang tu hgc Bien phap nay khdng chi lam cho HS nd luc vuan len trong hgc tap, ma cdn giup cac em tu kiem tra, danh gia ket qua hgc tap ciia minh mgt each tot nhdt
Sir dung tdi lieu lich sir Ninh Thugn td chirc cho hgc sinh thdo ludn nhdm
Hudng ddn cho HS thdo ludn trong gid hgc la mgt hinh thuc td chirc day hgc quan trgng trong
he thdng cac hinh thiic day hgc theo hudng "/ay
hgc sinh Id Irung Idm Vdn de dat ra la thdo ludn cdi gi? thdo ludn nhtr ihi ndo? Txong day
hgc lich sii, GV cd thi td chiic thdo ludn dudi cac hinh thuc sau:
Thir nhdt, ddi vai bai hgc lich su tren Idp, GV
cd the cung cdp cho HS doan tai lieu LSDP, dua vao do ma yeu cdu tiing em hoac cac thanh vien trong nhdm thao ludn de thdng nhdt y kien, ghi vao gidy nop cho GV hoac trinh bay trudc ldp suy nghT cua minh Chang ban, khi day bai 23,
Thing Tin
KHOA HOC & C 6 N G NGHE 113 I
Trang 6F l NGHIEN ClIUVA TRAO DOI
d muc 2: Cudc Tong lien cong va ndi da} Xuan
1975 GV cung cap cho HS cac doan lai lieu
LSDP cd lien quan dcMi 1 ong lien cong va noi
da\ Xudn 1975 sau do yeu cau cac em dgc, thao
luan \a cho biel > kien cua minh vc tac dgng ciia
thang lgi o Ninh Thuan doi vdi thang Igi chung
ciia each mang mien Nam trong giai doan cudi
ciia cuoc khang chien chdng M\ ciru nudc
Thir hai dc chudn bi cho HS ihao ludn khi day
bai mai khi ra bai tap \ e nha, GV co the yeu cdu
HS thuc hien dudi hai hinh thuc:
GV CO the dua ra chii de cdn tim hieu va gidi
ihieu mgt sd ngudn Uii lieu lien quan true liep,
\cu cdu HS \ c nha tim dgc lai lieu va trinh bay
tdm tai Ihco chu de
Chang ban, dc tim hieu "Phong trao ddu tranh
do thi mien Nam ndi chung d Ninh Thudn noi
rieng trong giai doan chdng chien tranh cue bg"
Qua lai lieu lich sir Ninh Thudn, GV \eu cdu cac
em lam rd khi the ddu tranh do thi, riit ra nhdn
xet chung ddi vdi phong trao De HS thuc hien
tdt yeu cdu, GV gidi thieu cho cac em tim dgc cac
tai lieu nhu: Lich sir Dang bg Ninh Thudn Lich
sir Dang bg Phan Rang - Thap Cham Sau khi
hoan thanh cac cong viec chudn bi, GV yeu cdu
dai dien nhdm hoac tirng cd nhdn trinh bay trudc
ldp, cac em khac tranh ludn, GV udn nan nhirng
chd lech lac va di den ket ludn vdn de
Dua vao kien thirc ca ban trong SGK cd lien
quan din LSDP yeu cdu HS tim kilm kiln thirc LSDPdc minh hga, lam ro han cu the hda LSDT
Vi nhu, trudc khi day bai 22 muc 3: Cudc Tong lien cdng va ndi day Xudn Mdu Thdn 1968, GV
CO the cung cap cho HS cac phong trao ddu tranh lieu bieu dien ra tren loan tinh dudi sir lanh dao true tilp ciia Tinh ii> >eu cdu cac em tim dgc tai lieu LSDP cd lien quan tim ra nhtrng bieu hien
cu the de minh chirng cho cudc ddu tranh sdi ndi, phong phii ve hinh Ihirc d giai doan nay va cho nhdn xcl rieng ciia minh ve chien lugc cua ta, dja dilm dau tranh dien ra chii \cu nhirng ket qua quan va ddn ta dat dugc Khi tien hanh bai day tren vdi ket qua thu thdp dugc, GV yeu cau
HS trinh bay trudc Idp nhirng dieu ma cac em da chudn bj, ndi len nhung su) nghT ciia minh, HS khac cd thi trao doi, lam rd them Lam dugc dieu
dd, mgt mat giup cu the hda LSDT mat khac cac
em cd dieu kien ndng cao su hieu biet cua minh
vl LSDP Tren ddy la nhirng bien phdp su pham sii dung tai lieu LSDP Ninh Thudn trong bai hgc LSDT ngi khda giai doan 1954-1975 d trudng Trung hgc pho thdng Sii' dung cac bien phap da trinh ba\ ngoai viec giiip giao \ ien cu the hda dugc cac sir kien LSDT cdn tao dugc hirng thu hgc tap bg mdn Ljch sir ddi vdi hgc sinh Tu> nhien hieu qua sir dung nhu the nao con tii\ thudc nhieu \ao nang lire va trach nhiem cua GV khi tien hanh dav hoc
Ghi chd:
1 Truang Huu Quynh, Phan Ngge Lien, Nguyen Thai Hoang Nguyen Canh Minh Ngu>en Van Am
(1989), Lich sir dia phuang NXB Giao due Ha Ndi (tr.9)
2 Phan Ngge Lien (Chu bien) (2009), Phuang phdp dgy hgc lich su (tap 1) (in lan thu' hai cd siia chira
bd sung) NXB Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi.(tr.49)
3 Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy Ninh Thudn (2004), \'hirng ngirdi con Irung hiiu (tr 124-126)
4 N G Dairi (1978), Chudn bi gid hgc lich sir nhu thi ndo? NXB Giao due Ha Ndi.(tr.62)
5 Phan Ngge Lien (Chii bien) (2009), Phuang phdp dgy hgc lich sir (tap 1) (in ldn thii' hai cd siia chira
bd sung) NXB Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ngi.(tr.43)
6 Ban Chdp hanh Dang bg tinh Ninh Thudn (1995), Lich suDang bd Ninh Thudn (1930 -1975), NXB
Chfnh tri Qudc gia, Ha Ngi.(tr.309-311)
7 Trdn VTnh Tudng (2003), Hi thdng hdi tap nhdn ihirc Irong dgy hgc lich sir d trudng Trung hgc phd
thdng NXB Dai hgc Qudc gia Ha Ngi.(tr 15)
• »• Thing Tin
KHOA HOC &
CONG NGHE