HUONG DAN Q U A N LY, SU DUNG II HUdNG DAN sOf DUNG BAN D6 DIA U 6 TIEU HOC • • • DG NANG CAO CHAT LUdNG DAY HOC Iran Thj Thu Hirang TrUdng Tieu hgc Nguyen Hue Quan 1, IP Ho Chi Minh 1 ThUc trang viec[.]
Trang 1HUONG DAN Q U A N LY, SU DUNG II
HUdNG DAN sOf DUNG BAN D6 DIA U 6 TIEU HOC
• • •
DG NANG CAO CHAT LUdNG DAY HOC
Iran Thj Thu Hirang
TrUdng Tieu hgc Nguyen Hue - Quan 1, IP Ho Chi Minh
1 ThUc trang viec sfl
dung ban do trong day hoc
Diali
Viec day vi hpc Dia li
hien nay nhieu GV van edn
xem nhe Mdt sd GV chi day
qua loa eho du bii vi yeu eau
HS ve nhi hpe thude phan ghi
nhd (phan ddng khung sau
bii day) Mdt sd It GV tham
chi cat bdt tiet day Dia li de
dinh thdi gian giing day Toin
vi Tieng Viet
GV it td chfle eho HS lim
viec vdi bin do, ehfla giflp HS
nhan thfle dflpc tim quan
trpng cua viec xem bin do,
ehfla biet each Idng ghep vio
eic trd chPi hpe t^p lien quan
den viec sfl dung bin dd, giup
HS hflng thu, khac sau kien
thfle eho HS
Khi lim viec vdi bin do,
GV cdn lung tung, ehfla hieu
het f nghia efla bin do; ehi ranh
gidi, sdng ehfla dung cich;
ehfla chu y miu sic, phan bin
dd phu tren bin do chinh
Sau diy li mdt sd tdn tai
trong cic bii day eu the: +Bdi
"Tay Nguyen, "Ddng bdng Bac
bd", : Dfla Iflpc do ed trong
bii de giing trfle tiep m i
khdng dfla bin do Viet Nam
de HS hinh dung dflpc vung
lanh thd dd nam d vi tri nio
tren dit nflde Viet Nam; + Bdi
"Tay Nguyen" : Chfla Iflu y ki
cho HS ve miu sic (thi hien
dp cao), chu giii phan tang
Nhin bii ngiy 30/8/2011
dia hinh tren Ifldc dd mi chu yeu chi hfldng dan HS dfla vio bing sd lieu de sap xep thfl tfl
dp cao do SGK cung neu san
y^u cau nhfl vay + Bdi "Hoat
ddng sdn xuat cua ngUdi ddn
d Tay Nguyen", "Ddng bdng Bac bd","Ddng bdng Nam bd"
(ldp 4); Bdi "Sdng ngdi"(ldp 5): Chfla Iflu y HS ehi cic eon
sdng theo hfldng tfl thflpng ngudn den ha ngudn Bin thin GV cung chi cie con
sdng chfla chinh xie; + Bdi
"Thu dd Hd Ndi", "Thdnh phd Hdi Phdng","Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh", "Thdnh pho Cdn Thd" : Ranh gidi qude gia,
tinh, thinh phd cung chfla hfldng dan chi theo quy tic
tfl phia tren, ben phii; + (Bdi
"Thdnh pho Hdi Phdng","Ddi ddng bdng duyen hdi mien Trung" ldp 4; Bdi "Viet Nam ddt nUdc chung ta","Dia hinh
vd khoang sdn" ldp 5): Chfla
Iflu y giing cho HS hieu y nghia eua phan Iflpc do phu
cd d mdt sd Iflpc do
2 Bien phip giup cho
viec sit dung ban do trong
day hoc Dia li d Tieu hoc dat hieu qua:
a Hinh thdnh vd phat trien kl ndng xac dinh phUdng hudng tren bdn do:
GV cin yeu cau HS nhd eac quy dinh ve hfldng tren bin
d6.0 Idp 4 mdi yeu eau HS biet
cich xie dinh 4 hfldng chinh:
Ddng, lay Nam, Bac Den ldp
5, HS phii xie dinh them bdn hfldng phu li: Ddng Bie, Ddng Nam, lay Bac, lay Nam
De dat hieu qui cao trong viec ren luyen ki ning xie dinh phflPng hfldng, GV can dfla ra cic loai bii tip vdi nhieu hinh thfle khic nhau nhfl: dien tfl vio chd trdng tren bin do cam, Ifla chon dung sai, di du lich tren bin dd tren cP sd yeu eau HS quan sit mdt bin dd eu the
Vi du: Bii "Tiy Nguyen"
(ldp 4) De ren ki ning xie dinh phflPng hfldng tren bin
dd, GV cd the eho HS lim bii tip sau: Quan sit Iflpc do hinh
1 (SGK trang 82), em biy hoin thinh bing sau:
Cie cao nguyen theo hfldng tfl Bac xudng Nam
Cao nguyen KonTum
d boat ddng ndi ti^p (phan cung ed) GV cd the cho
HS dinh cic tfl ngfl chi ten cao nguyen len bin dd cam eho dung vi tri
h Hinh thdnh vd phat trien kl ndng tim vd chi vi tri tren bdn do:
Day li mdt ki ning quan trpng can phii hfldng din TAP CHi THI^ BI GlAO DMC - So 73 - 9/2011 • 23
Trang 2II H L T I J N G D A N O U A N L Y , sir DUNG
cho HS GV cin hfldng dan
HS cich chi vi tri ddi tflpng
the nio eho dung Khi ehi vi
tri mdt thinh phd, thi xi phii
chi vio ki hieu the hien thinh
phd, thi xa chfl khdng ehi vio
chfl ghi ten thinh phd, thi xa
Khi chi vi tri mdt ddng sdng,
HS phii chi xudi theo ddng
ehiy tfl thflpng ngudn den ha
ngudn chfl khdng chi ngflpe
hoac chi mdt diem tren ddng
sdng Khi ehi vio mdt vung
linh thd (mdt tinh, mdt khu
vfle, mdt qude gia ) thi phii
ehi theo dfldng bien gidi khep
kin eua vung lanh thd dd
Khi hinh thinh vi phit
trien ki nang tim vi chi vi tri
cua cic ddi tfldng tren bin do,
GV nen dfla ra nhflng bii tip
yeu eau HS diia vio eic ki hieu
trong bing chu giii vi chfl viet
tren bin do de xie dinh vi tri
eua mdt ddi tflpng nio dd
GV cd the td chfle eho HS
thi dien hoac gan ten nhflng
ddi tflpng vio dung vi tri eua
chung tren bin dd (Iflpc do)
eim nham khae siu eho HS vi
tri cua cic ddi tfldng lich sfl,
dia li da hpc Vi du: GV dfla
ra yeu cau dfla vio bin dd
tfl nhien tim va ehi vi tri cua
Thinh phd Hii Phdng, day
Hoing Lien Son, sdng Tien,
sdng Hau hoac dfla vio bin
dd hinh chinh Viet Nam tim
vi ehi vi tri efla Thinh phd
Can Thd, thinh phd Hue
hoac dfla vio Iflpc do dii ddng
bang duyen hii mien Trung
chi vi tri eua dii ddng bang
duyen hii mien Trung vi neu
die diem dia hinh cua nd
Sau khi day xong cie chiu
luc tren the gidi, GV dn tip bang
cich diing Lflpc do trdng (Iflpc
do cim) cie chau luc vi dai dfldng, yeu cau HS gan ten eic chau luc vio vi tri cho phu hpp
e Hinh thinh vi phit
trien ki ning dpe bin do Doc
bin dd li ki ning tflPng ddi khd vi phfle tap ddi vdi HS Tieu hpc Trong ki ning nay, cic em phii van dung ddng thdi ei nhflng kien thfle ve bin do cung nhfl ei kien thfle
ve mdn hpc Tren cd sd hieu biet ve quy flde vi tinh khii quit eua bin dd, HS tim ra nhflng tri thfle mdn hpc an tren bin do Ba mflc dp dpc bin dd: dfla vio chfl giii dpe ten ddi tfldng; dfla vio bin dd tim die diem ddi tflpng; dfla vio sd lieu, dp cao thap, miu sac de nam kien thfle
(3 Tieu hpe, GV can
hfldng dan HS dpc bin dd theo cic bflde sau:
Budc 1: Nam dflpc muc
dich lim viec vdi bin dd Dpc ten bin dd de biet bin do dd the hien ndi dung gi
Budc 2: Xem bing chu
giii de ed bieu tflpng dia li can tim tren bin dd
Budc 3: Tim vi tri dia li
eua ddi tflpng tren bin dd dfla vio ki hieu
Budc 4: Quan sit ddi
tfldng tren bin do, nhin xet
vi neu die diem ddn giin eua ddi tfldng
Budc 5: Xie lip mdi lien
he dia li ddn giin gifla eic yeu
td vi cie thanh phan nhfl dia hinh vi khi hau; dia hinh, khi hau, sdng ngdi; thien nhien vi hoat ddng sin xuat eua con ngfldi tren cd sd HS biet ket hdp nhflng kien thfle bin do
v i kien thfle dia li de so sinh
vi phin tich (Bflde niy co the khdng nhat thiet ip dung trong qui trinh td chfle cho hpc sinh tieu hpc tim tdi, khai thic kien thfle tfl bin do)
Vi du: Bii "Dia hinh va khoing sin" ldp 5 Day phan Khoing sin Sfl dung Lflpc do mdt sd khoing sin Viet Nam
Budc 1: Dpc ten bin do:
Khoing sin Viet Nam
Budc 2: Xem bing chu
giii, biet ki hieu cic khoing
sin de tim tren bin do
Budc 3: Quan sit bin do
rdi hoin thinh bing sau:
Than Sat A-pa-tit Daumd Bd-xit
,:7
Budc 4: Quan sit sfl phan
bd cua khoing sin tren ban
dd neu nhan xet bang each dien vio chd trdng thich hpp: Nflde ta cd nhieu loai khoing sin Mdt sd khoang sin cd nhieu nhat li than, sat, bd-xit, dau md Than cd nhieu
d Bd-xit tip trung nhieu d Dau mo
d Td chfle trd ehPi vdi bin dd GV ed the td chfle cho nhdm HS dn tip bang nhieu hinh thfle trd ehPi hpc tip nhfl: sau khi day xong cic bai vl cic chiu luc, "Cic nflde ling gieng cua Viet Nam" hoac "Mdt so nflde d Chiu Au" ldp 5, GV cho HS
(Xem tiep trang 29)
• TAP CHi THlfr BI GIAO DMC- So 73 - 9/2011
Trang 3HUONG DAN O U A N LY, su DUNG II
Hinh 3 De che dp ga nho nhat khi
niidc da soi
Cac khuyen cio dflpc
rut ra sau khi thfle hien eic
TN: ^ ^
De tdn it nhien lieu khi
dun ndu cdn dun nhd lUa d
ddy ndi vd chdn phia tren nap
ndi bdng vdi bdng khd, x6p
Niu nhieu gia dinh vdn dung
thi chac chdn se tiet kiem dUdc
mdt lUdng tien khd Idn vd gdp
phdn giam hieu Ung nhd kinh cho Trdi ddt
Ket luan Vdi yeu eau dat ra hap dan vi khdng qui phfle tap ddi vdi HS, nhd sfl dung eic vat dung quen thude trong ddi sdng de thfle hien eic
TN, tao eho HS sfl tfl tin la
cd the thfle hien dflpc nhiem
vu Nhiem vu ed tinh md,
HS ed the cd nhieu eieh thfle hien tuy theo dieu kien
d gia dinh Qua cic boat ddng nay, HS dflpc ren luyen
ki ning thiet ke phflPng in
TN (Ifla ehpn dung cu TN, len ke hoach thfle hien TN);
ren luyen ki nang thfle hien
TN theo ke hoach dl ra; ren luyen eieh xfl li cic dfl lieu
TN thu dflpc; ren luyen tinh
kien tri, can thin vi cao hPn nfla, HS dflpc giio due y thfle bio ve mdi trfldng vdi cac giii phip cu the Theo chung tdi, rat can ed nhflng nghien cflu khai thic loai TN nay de sfl dung trong day hpc vat li
d trfldng phd thdng
Tai lieu tham khio
1 Pham Trpng Ngp, Day
hgc vd phUdng phap day hgc
d trUdng pho thdng, NXB
DHSP Hi Ndi, 2005
2 Nguyen Dfle Tham, Nguyen Ngpc Hflng, Pham
Xuin Que, PhUdng phap day
hgc Vdt li d trUdng pho thdng,
NXB DHSP Ha Ndi, 2002
3 Cao Long Vin Vdt li
dai cUdng, Tip 1, NXB Giio
due, 2008
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X _ _ _Pj ? ^
HUGiNG DAN SUf DUNG BAN DO DIA LI
thi ve hinh d^ng cua mpt sd
chau hoac eic qude gia nhfl
Viet Nam, Cam- pu-ehia, Lao,
Trung Qude, Lien bang Nga,
Phip, (Khdng yeu cau cao
ddi vdi HS Cic em chi can ve
dai khii, tflpng ddi)
Hoac hien cd phan mem
trd chpi ehi vi tri eic quoc
gia tren miy vi tinh GV cd
the eho HS chdi trong cic tiet
6n tip nham phit trien, nang
cao, thinh thue viec xie dinh
vi tri Dia chi trang web:
http://apps.facebook
c o m / g e o c h a l l e n g e / ? p f _
ref=sb&ref=ts
Trd chdi rat hip dan ddi
vdi tr8 Chinh nhd trd chdi se
lim cho HS hflng thu hpc tip,
tfl dd se ed y thfle tim hiiu
nghien cflu vi ngiy cing yeu thich hpe tap mdn Dia li
e Mot sd bien phap khac
GV can xie dinh kien thfle trong bii mi HS can nam qua lflpc do sao eho phu hpp de
HS cd the sfl dung kiln thfle,
ki ning da hpc, tfl phit hien ra kien thfle mdi
Chuan bi he thdng ciu hdi dfla tren lflpc dd trong sich giio khoa vi trinh dp efla
HS de dan dat HS tfl khim phi kien thfle Cic eau hdi nen thi hien dfldi nhieu hinh thfle: tfl lu^n, test (ciu dung sai, eau nhieu Ifla ehpn, cau dilnkhuyet )
Phii sfl dung bin dd dung vdi ndi dung bii hpc (day Dia li tfl nhien -> sfl dung bin do tfl
(Tiep theo trang 26)
nhien, day Dia li hinh chinh -> sfl dung bin do hanh chinh) Chi sfl dung bing sd lieu
de giflp HS nhan biet dflpc die diem chfl khdng phii hpc thude cie sd lieu
Thfldng xuyen sfl dung he thdng cie bii tap ren ki nang ket hpp vdi bin dd: lim cic bii tip md, danh dau, td miu Sfl dung day hpc tren phan mem Power Point de thu hflt sfl chu y cung nhfl sfl sing tao, tinh td md, tfl khim phi, cich tfl neu vi giii quyet van
de cua HS
Td chfle phong trio thi dua "Tim hiiu vl dia ly eho hpe sinh tilu hpe'' bang cich dd vui gifla eic ldp, td, nhdm
TAP CHi T H I ^ BI GlAO DMC - So 73 • 9/2011 • 29