NGHIEN cufu & UfNG DUNG KAY DlfNG BO MAU GAC IOAI GA CO GIA TRI KINH TE PHOC VO OAY HOG H KHOA SINH HOG TRlTOfNG OAI HOG DONG THAP • • • • • • Pham Dinh Van Vo Ngoc Thanh Do Thj NhU Uyen Nguyen Thj Oa[.]
Trang 1NGHIEN cufu & UfNG DUNG
KAY DlfNG BO MAU GAC IOAI GA CO GIA TRI KINH TE PHOC VO OAY HOG H KHOA SINH HOG TRlTOfNG OAI HOG DONG THAP
• • • • •
• Pham Dinh Van Vo Ngoc Thanh Do Thj NhU Uyen
Nguyen Thj Oanh Nguyen Gia Hien
TrUdng Dai hgc Ddng Thap
Sinh hpc la mdt khoa hpc thifc nghiem, nghien ciiu
cac van de lien quan trifc
tiep den the gidi sinh vat Vi
vay, boat dpng thu'c hanh, thi
nghiem d tru'dng dai hpc trong
viec dao tao cac chuyen
nganh lien quan de'n sinh hpc
la rat quan trpng Ldp ca la
mpt trong nhifng ldp cd dp da
dang cao (khoang 29.000
loai) O Dong Thap so lifdng
cac loai ca phan bd la kha
nhieu va da dem lai gia tri
kinh te cao gdp phan phat
trien tinh nha De cd cd sd
phan loai cung nhif xac dinh
du'dc gia tri kinh te' cua ca,
chiing tdi da tien hanh xay
difng bd miu ve cac loai ca
kinh te tren dia ban tinh Ddng
Thap, nham phuc vu cho boat
ddng hpc tap va giang day ciia
sinh vien va giang vien d
Tru'dng Dai hpc Ddng Thap
1 Quy trinh xay diing bo
mau ca
Bttdc 1 Thu mau ca:
Khao sat cac chd ca, khu vifc
ngif dan danh bat ca tren
doan sdng Tien Giang chay
qua tinh Dong Thap va cac
kenh, rach, ao nudi de xac
dinh dia diem thu mSu
Thu mau: Mau ca difdc thu mua trifc tie'p tif cac chd ca hoac cac ngtf dan, thifdng lai hoac cd the thue ngif dan danh bat Khi thu mua can hdi ngifdi ban va ghi lai cac thdng tin: Ten ca, xua't xii, ngay thu mlu, ngu'di thu mlu
Budc 2 Chup hinh: Chuan
bi dung cu, hda chat: May anh, nen chup (tam vai mau xanh), khay mau, kep tieu ban, kim mtii mac, bdng gdn, thung nu'dc da, dung dich for-mol 40% ban tren thi tru'dng
Khi thu miu ca xong can phai bao quan trong nifdc da, de ca cdn tufdi, giii difdc mau sac cua ca khi chup hinh
Chpn nen: Thdng thifdng chpn mau xanh difdng (lay tam vai mau xanh difdng)
Can difng vay ca len: Dting tay hoac kep de keo vay ca len cho cang (chii y keo nhe tay de khdi diit vay) sau dd dung bdng tam formol 40%
cho vao vay ca khoang 2 phiit
Ddi vdi vay chan thi chi can lam 1 ben, cdn ben kia de dep xud'ng cho d l chup Ngoai ra cdn dung bdng tam formol 36% xoa len than ca de cho ca thing, Cling cho d i chiip
Khay chup: Khay nhdm hoac nhifa, cho vao day mpt ldp miit hoac gd mem Sau dd cho tam vai xanh du'dng phii len ldp Idt Dat ca len khay cho ngay ngan, dd nu'dc trong cho ngap ca (tranh sif phan xa anh sang ciia vay, da ca khi chup) Dat thifdc do de xae dinh difdc chieu dai that ciia
ca Cd the chup kem theo Phieu ghi thdng tin ve miu ca Chup hinh: Dat may anh vudng gdc vdi ca, giii tay that vifng va bam may Chii y: Che anh sang de tranh tao bdng khi chup Mdi mau ca nen chup nhieu hinh de sau nay lifa chpn hinh td't nha't
Budc 3 Phan loai ca: Sau
khi chup hinh xong, ta bao quan mau trong thiing nu'dc da
va tien hanh dinh loai cac loai
ca bang phufdng phap so sanh hinh thai Theo cac khda phan loai lU9ng phan va md ta cua Vufdng DT Khang (1963); Nguyen Khac Hu'dng (1991, 1993); Nguyin Nhat Thi (1991, 1994, 2000); Mai Dinh Yen (1978, 1992); Tran Thi Thu Hu'dng va Tru'dng Thii Khoa (1993); W J Rainboth (1996); Nguyin Van Hao
1 0 So 64 thang 12 nam 2010
Trang 2NGHIEN cufu & UfNG DUNG
(2001, 2005) va FAO (1998)
Moi loai ca dUde neu ten khoa
hpc va ten Viet Nam Trinh tif
eae bp, hp, gid'ng, loai du'pc sap
xe'p theo he thdng phan loai
cua T.S Rass, G.U.Lindberg
(1971) va FAO (1998)
Budc 4 Cd dinh mau: Pha
dung dich: Formol thu'dng mai
ban tren thi tnfdng cd ndng dp
khoang 40% Ta tien hanh pha
loang vdi nu'dc cat de du'dc
dung dich formol 7 - 8%
Ngam mau: Rufa sach mau
ca, sau do cho vao binh chiia
dung dich formol 7 - 8%, sao
cho ngap ea Thdi gian cd dinh
mau: 15-30 ngay De tiet kiem
binh liic cd dinh thi ta cd the sii
dung binh nhifa ldn va ngam
nliieu mau vao cung mpt binh
Budc 4 Bao quan mau: Sau
khi cd' dinh xong chiing ta tien
hanh vdt mau ca ra nia sach
bang cdn 70", sau dd cho mdi
loai vao mpt binh thiiy tinh
(bocan) cd kich thifdc phu hdp
vdi mau Su' dung cdn 70",
hoac formol 2 - 3% de bao
quan mau Bao quan bang
for-mol thi mau dep hdn, nifdc
trong de quan sat hdn
Lam nhan cho mau: Sii
dung gia'y nika va biit xa hoae
gia'y in binh thu'dng (ep
plas-tid) va ghi rd cac thdng tin:
Ten loai, hp, bp (ten khoa hpc
va ten tieng viet) Dan nhan
len thanh binh
2 Ke't qua
Qua nghien ciiu chiing tdi
da thu thap va xay difng du'dc
86 mau ca tren dia ban tinh
Ddng Thap, thudc 33 hp, 11
bp Trong dd hp ca chep chie'm nhieu nha't vdi 21 loai Vi du:
TT
1
2
T,
4
5
6
Loai
Ten klioa line Somplcru-^ nnloprcrus
Pallas 1767
Lycnihrissa cruccJIIus
BIcckcr IH5I
Cuilia macro^Tuitha!;
BIcckLT 1852
Annuilla marmfrala Quoy
& Gaimard, 1824
Pisndnnnphts hr>ri,
Hamillcin 1822
iMcio-^oma hicckcri
Slcindachncr 1878
Ten VN Thai lai
Ca top xuoi
Ca mc ga
Ca Cilinh
Ca lich cu Ldng long mifOng
difng bao tang Sinh hpc vung Ddng bang sdng Cthi Long
4 Ke't luan Viee xay difng bd mau vat ndi ehung va mau ca ndi rieng
cd vai trd rat quan trpng giiip cho viec day va hpe hieu qua
va sat thifc tien hdn, gdp phan nang cao chat lifdng dao tao d tru'dng dai hpe De ed bp mau td't can thifc hien ti mi, can than theo quy trinh chat ehe, dae biet la phai dinh danh chinh
Hinh 1 Ca Lich dong (Ophistemon bengalensis Mc
Clennlland 1844)
3 Ung dung Mau ca chiing tdi xay difng du'dc sii dung eho viec thifc hanh cua sinh vien khoa Sinh hpc, trifdng Dai hpc Dong Thap, vdi cac mdn hpc sau:
Ngif loai hpc, kl thuat nudi ca nu'dc ngpt, benh ea, sinh li dpng vat thiiy san (nganh Nudi trdng thiiy san), Dpng vat cd xifdng sdng (nganh Sif pham Sinh, Sif pham Ky thuat ndng nghiep, Sinh hpc dai eu'dng (nganh Khoa hpe mdi tnfdng), Nudi trdng thiiy san (nganh Cao ding Ky thuat ndng nghiep - Kinh te gia dinh) Ngoai ra bp mau cdn phue vu eho viec nghien ciiu khoa hpc ciia sinh vien, giang vien, chuan bi cho viec xay
Hinh 2 Ca Chach lau Mastacembelus favus Hora 1923
xac ten loai va vi tri trong he thdng phan loai, mau can phai du'dc bao quan tot de sii dung lau dai.B
Tai lieu tham khao:
1 Nguyen Van Hao (2001), Ca nirdc ngot Viet Nam, Tap 1,2.3, NXB Nong nghiep Ha Npi
4 Tru'dng Thu Khoa va Tran Thi Thu Hu'dng (1993), Dinh loai
ca nu'dc ngot vung dong bang song CUM Long, Bp mon Thu)' san, Tru'dng Dai hpc Can Thd
5 Mai Dinh Yen, Vii Trung Tang, Bui Lai, Tran Mai Thien (1979) Ngu' loai hpc, NXB Dai hpc va Trung hpc chuyen nghiep Ha Npi
6 Mai Dinh Yen (1992), Dmh loai cac loai ca nUdc ngpt Nam Bp, NXB Khoa hpc va Ky thuat Ha Npi
7 FAO (1998), Catalog of Fish, Volume 1,2,3 Introductory Material Species of fishes, California Academy of Sciences
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